CN102797051A - Production method of polypropylene crude fiber and application method of combination polypropylene crude fiber and organic nano materials in sprayed concrete - Google Patents
Production method of polypropylene crude fiber and application method of combination polypropylene crude fiber and organic nano materials in sprayed concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN102797051A CN102797051A CN2012102496089A CN201210249608A CN102797051A CN 102797051 A CN102797051 A CN 102797051A CN 2012102496089 A CN2012102496089 A CN 2012102496089A CN 201210249608 A CN201210249608 A CN 201210249608A CN 102797051 A CN102797051 A CN 102797051A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of polypropylene crude fiber and an application method of the combination of the polypropylene crude fiber and organic nano material combined in sprayed concrete. The application method is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight according to the feeding sequence: 900 parts-1226 parts of sands, 680 parts-820 parts of stones, 3-14 parts of polypropylene crude fiber, 350 parts-516 parts of cement, 8 parts-60 parts of organic nano materials, 208 parts-312 parts of water and an additive, and stirring uniformly to form the sprayed concrete. In short, due to the adoption of the polypropylene crude synthetic fiber and the organic nano composite materials, the performances of crack control, permeability prevention, bending resistance, toughness, fatigue resistance, impact resistance, frost resistance and fire resistance and explosion resistance of the crude fiber sprayed concrete can be improved obviously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention discloses a kind of implementation method of gunite concrete, and particularly a kind of manufacturing approach of the crude polypropylene fiber in practical applications such as railway tunnel, mine tunnel, mine, hydraulic engineering access tunnel, diversion tunnel, underground power house cavern, engineering slope, subway and crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material are compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete.
Background technology
In the existing architectural engineering, in practical applications such as railway tunnel, mine tunnel, mine, hydraulic engineering access tunnel, diversion tunnel, underground power house cavern, engineering slope, subway, can use shotcrete technology usually as engineering support.In the prior art, the way of normal conventional is to adopt the gunite concrete of mixing steel fibre, but there is certain shortcoming in it; As: steel fibre price height can cause strengthening construction costs, and has rebound degree high (it is 25%-30% that conventional steel fibre sprays rebound degree), a spray-up thin (having only about 5mm usually), dust big (the dust mass concentration reaches 270mg for every cubic metre usually) during injection; Simultaneously, owing to contain steel fibre in the concrete, cause damaging easily in the sprayed construction process construction equipment; Easy conglomeration plugging etc.; Influence the promptness of safety support, influence construction speed, and it is also not enough in performances such as cracking resistance, impervious, fire prevention; And the steel fibre corrosion resistance is poor, and long durability is also undesirable.And another kind of existing construction method: hanging the steel wire gunite concrete also exists the construction trouble, influences the promptness of safety support, influences the problem of construction speed, and exists corrosion resistance poor, the unfavorable deficiency of long durability.
Summary of the invention
Shortcomings such as the construction costs that is easy to generate as aggregate to the employing steel fibre in the above-mentioned gunite concrete of mentioning of the prior art is high, rebound degree is high, spray-up is thin, dust is big when spraying; The present invention provides a kind of new crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material to be compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It adopts crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material to be used to replace steel wire or steel fibre as aggregate; Practice thrift construction costs; Improve construction speed, improve or improve the anticracking of crude fibre gunite concrete, impervious, anti-folding, toughness, antifatigue, impact resistance and freeze thawing resistance, fire-resistant anti-burst ability.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is: a kind of manufacturing approach of crude polypropylene fiber, this method comprises the steps:
A) crude polypropylene fiber is that acrylic resin and each component thereof are put into the double screw extruder feeding bin,
B) being 200-230 ℃ in temperature is to melt refining under the 65-85Mpa with pressure,
C) extrude by spinnerets through die head, get into thermostatic bath and be cooled to 20-25 ℃,
D) get into the one or seven roller drawing machine then and carry out drawing-off,
E) get into the constant temperature bath cabinet and heat to about 170 ℃-190 ℃, then get into the two or seven roller drawing machine and carry out the secondary drawing-off,
F) get into insulating box again and heat to about 170-190 ℃, carry out drawing-off once more after coming out, typing,
G) heating once more to 120-125 ℃, is that 120-130 ℃ circle silk is sent into cotton gin and spent type rolling with temperature, and making its single fiber diameter or equivalent diameter is 0.5～1.3mm, and the cooling back forms coarse fiber bundle;
H) after accomplish stretching, it is to carry out HEAT SETTING behind 3.0%～5.0% the conventional oiling agent for polypropylene spinning that coarse fiber bundle is sprayed percent concentration,
I) again fiber is carried out surface indentation and handles,
J) long filament that has colored type lacked cut, pack warehouse-in after metering,
K) length requirement of pressing 30mm～50mm at last cuts off, quantitative package.
A kind of crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material of producing like above-mentioned manufacturing approach of adopting is compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; This method is for feeding intake by the feeding sequence of sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water, the back that stirs gunite concrete, wherein; The weight ratio of sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 900 parts～1226 parts of sands; 80 parts～820 parts in stone, 3～14 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 350 parts～516 parts of cement; 8～60 parts of organic nano materials, 208 parts～312 parts in water.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing further comprises:
Described crude polypropylene fiber is fishbone.
Described organic nano material comprises ferrosilicon powder, encircles sodium sulfonate more, accelerator and silica flour; Each component is mixed into powdery by proportioning, and the weight ratio of each component is 6.5 parts～21 parts of ferrosilicon powders, encircles 0.76 part～2.1 parts of sodium sulfonates more; 4 parts～5.5 parts of accelerators, 1 part-8 parts of silica flours.
The weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 920 parts～1206 parts of sands; 691 parts～816 parts in stone, 3.5～13.5 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 356 parts～508 parts of cement; 9～58 parts of organic nano materials, 215 parts～301 parts in water.
The weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 932 parts～1190 parts of sands; 699 parts～811 parts in stone, 4～13 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 368 parts～499 parts of cement; 11～55 parts of organic nano materials, 221 parts～293 parts in water.
The weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 943 parts～1182 parts of sands; 705 parts～806 parts in stone, 4.5～12.5 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 379 parts～492 parts of cement; 16～47 parts of organic nano materials, 227 parts～287 parts in water.
The weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 956 parts～1167 parts of sands; 712 parts～794 parts in stone, 5～12 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 389 parts～486 parts of cement; 16～47 parts of organic nano materials, 231 parts～278 parts in water.
The weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 970 parts～1152 parts of sands; 723 parts～789 parts in stone; 5.5～11.5 parts of crude polypropylene fibers; 395 parts～480 parts of cement, 17～44.8 parts of organic nano materials, 234 parts～262 parts in water.
The weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 985 parts～1145 parts of sands; 729 parts～781 parts in stone, 5.8～10 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 410 parts～478 parts of cement; 18～44.1 parts of organic nano materials, 236 parts～259 parts in water.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can significantly reduce the rebound degree of gunite concrete, the construction speed that improves engineering, shortening construction period, reduces the engineering material waste, reduces construction costs, prolongs service life, the raising of sprayed construction equipment or improve the anticracking of crude fibre gunite concrete, impervious, anti-folding, toughness, antifatigue, impact resistance and freeze thawing resistance, fire-resistant anti-burst ability etc.; Simultaneously; The present invention can also improve gunite concrete construction quality and durability, especially can be obvious to the support action effect that the high engineering of rock burst occurrence frequency provides.
The crude polypropylene fiber that adopts among the present invention is to develop to the purposes of steel fibre, and its cross sectional shape and specific area are similar with steel fibre, and crude polypropylene fiber proportion is 0.95kg/cm
3, the proportion of steel is 7.8kg/cm
3, under the same volume volume, steel fibre weight is 8.0 times of crude polypropylene fiber weight.Therefore, adopt crude polypropylene fiber to replace steel fibre to reduce cost by a relatively large margin, simultaneously and steel fibre relatively, the very light in weight of crude polypropylene fiber has reduced the workload of transport of materials and concrete mixing.
Handle through special on the surface of the crude polypropylene fiber that adopts among the present invention, so the crude polypropylene fiber surface has compatibility, with cement matrix fabulous affinity and bond stress is arranged; Good dispersion in concrete; Workability is good, and fiber can conglomeration, adds that the fibrous septum has impression to be uneven state; Fiber and concrete cohesion and frictional force have been improved; Concrete crude polypropylene fiber in the process of destroying is difficult for being pulled out like this, and fiber is difficult for breaking away from concrete substrate, and the fiber concrete flexural toughness also improves.Compare with steel fibre, crude polypropylene fiber has reduced pumping equipment, flexible pipe and nozzle abrasion, and crude polypropylene fiber has very strong alkali resistance, has the problem of getting rusty unlike steel fibre.
Among the present invention, adopt concrete that crude polypropylene fiber makes as aggregate behind fire, fiber has the effectiveness that stops the concrete expansion explosion; And when it burns; Can not produce pernicious gases such as nitrogen, sulphur, the chlorine (mechanism that synthetic fiber can improve the explosion of the concrete high temperature resistance fiber that has been high temperature melt; Form the passage that gas scatters and disappears; The temperature and the gas pressure of inside concrete obviously reduce, and the ability and the fire resistance of concrete opposing expansion explosion are strengthened).The research proof; Adopt the early stage flexural toughness and the energy absorption capability of the gunite concrete of crude polypropylene fiber to be higher than steel fiber reinforced concrete and steel-wire-net reinforced concrete; Promptly in various fibers; Crude polypropylene fiber to early-age concrete toughness and energy absorption capability to improve effect the most remarkable; When the tunnel rock deformation is big, replacing steel fiber reinforced concrete and steel-wire-net reinforced concrete with the crude polypropylene fiber gunite concrete is only selection, and the support action effect that particularly the high engineering of rock burst occurrence frequency is provided is obvious.Crude polypropylene fiber has good corrosion resistance, and it is more suitable than steel fibre to be used under the adverse circumstances, and the use of crude polypropylene fiber is safe, can not bring any injury to the people.
In a word, crude polypropylene fiber is used for the wet blasting concrete, replaces steel wire or steel fibre, has good endurance, counter-bending toughness is suitable with steel fiber reinforced concrete, light and safety and the advantages such as wearing and tearing that reduced in the fiber concrete injection equipment during construction.
To combine the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment that the present invention is further specified below.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is crude polypropylene fiber structural representation among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an implementing process flow chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Present embodiment is the preferred embodiment for the present invention, and other all its principles are identical with present embodiment or approximate with basic structure, all within protection domain of the present invention.
The manufacturing approach of a kind of crude polypropylene fiber of protection among the present invention, its step is following:
L) crude polypropylene fiber is that acrylic resin and each component thereof are put into the double screw extruder feeding bin,
M) being 200-230 ℃ in temperature is to melt refining under the 65-85Mpa with pressure,
N) extrude by spinnerets through die head, get into thermostatic bath and be cooled to 20-25 ℃,
O) get into the one or seven roller drawing machine then and carry out drawing-off,
P) get into the constant temperature bath cabinet and heat to about 170 ℃-190 ℃, then get into the two or seven roller drawing machine and carry out the secondary drawing-off,
Q) get into insulating box again and heat to about 170-190 ℃, carry out drawing-off once more after coming out, typing,
R) heating once more to 120-125 ℃, is that 120-130 ℃ circle silk is sent into cotton gin and spent type rolling with temperature, and making its single fiber diameter or equivalent diameter is 0.5～1.3mm, and the cooling back forms coarse fiber bundle;
S) after accomplish stretching, it is to carry out HEAT SETTING behind 3.0%～5.0% the conventional oiling agent for polypropylene spinning that coarse fiber bundle is sprayed percent concentration,
T) again fiber is carried out surface indentation and handles,
U) long filament that has colored type lacked cut, pack warehouse-in after metering,
The length requirement of v) pressing 30mm～50mm at last cuts off, quantitative package.
Among the present invention, press sand (sand in the present embodiment adopts conventional concrete use sand, and the modulus of fineness of sand is 2.4-2.8 usually), (sand in the present embodiment adopts the concrete of routine to use Mi Shi to stone; The oversize of Mi Shi is less than 5%; Inferior footpath is less than 10%), the feeding sequence of crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water feeds intake, the back that stirs gunite concrete, wherein; The weight ratio of sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 900 parts～1226 parts of sands; 80 parts～820 parts in stone, 3～14 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 350 parts～516 parts of cement; 8～60 parts of organic nano materials, 208 parts～312 parts in water.
In the present embodiment, crude polypropylene fiber is for after putting into the double screw extruder feeding bin with polypropylene and each component thereof, and being 200-230 ℃ in temperature is to melt refining under the 65-85Mpa with pressure; Extrude by spinnerets through die head, get into thermostatic bath and be cooled to 20-25 ℃, get into the one or seven roller drawing machine then and carry out drawing-off; Get into the constant temperature bath cabinet and heat to about 170 ℃-190 ℃, then get into the two or seven roller drawing machine and carry out the secondary drawing-off, get into insulating box again and heat to about 170-190 ℃; Carry out drawing-off once more after coming out; Typing is heated to 120-125 ℃ once more, is that 120-130 ℃ circle silk is sent into cotton gin and spent type rolling with temperature; Making its single fiber diameter or equivalent diameter is 0.5～1.0mm, and the cooling back forms coarse fiber bundle; Heating once more to 120-125 ℃, is that 120-130 ℃ circle silk is sent into cotton gin and spent type rolling with temperature, and making its single fiber diameter or equivalent diameter is 0.5～1.0mm, and the cooling back forms coarse fiber bundle; Again fiber is carried out surface indentation and handle, the long filament that has colored type is lacked cut, pack warehouse-in after metering, the length requirement of pressing 30mm～50mm at last cuts off, quantitative package.The thick synthetic fiber of polypropylene are processed by 100% polypropylene; Its single fiber diameter or equivalent diameter are 0.5-1.3mm, and its tensile strength is that elastic modelling quantity is more than or equal to 5000Mpa more than or equal to 450Mpa; Elongation at break is 15%-30%, and alkaline resistance properties is more than 95%.Crude polypropylene fiber is that 100% polypropylene virgin rubber with high-quality is a raw material; The crude polypropylene fiber of producing through above-mentioned special production technology carries out surface treatment again; Please referring to accompanying drawing 1, in the present embodiment, crude polypropylene fiber adopts fishbone; Be that crude polypropylene fiber is that thickness is provided with form at interval, it has extremely strong adhesion with the cement base-material.After crude polypropylene fiber mixes concrete, through stir, in concrete, be uniformly dispersed, crisscross, disorderly to distribute, overlap joint becomes a Zhang San and ties up netted bracketing system each other, in concrete, plays a kind of reinforcement humidification of pure physics; Simultaneously, be evenly distributed on a large amount of fibers in the concrete, because the fiber surface concave-convex surface of fishbone; Bond stress is extremely strong between concrete; So can reduce rebound degree, reduce dust concentration, can improve concrete compactedness and impermeabilisation ability effectively; Improve concrete fracture toughness, thereby improved concrete tensile strength.When fiber concrete received stretching and impact force action, evenly the crude polypropylene fiber of distribution and huge amount played energy and the reinforcement effect of sharing pulling force of absorbing.Therefore, the crude polypropylene fiber concrete has the ability of shock resistance and antidetonation.
In the present embodiment, organic nano material comprises ferrosilicon powder, encircles sodium sulfonate more, accelerator and silica flour, and each component is mixed into powdery by proportioning; The weight ratio of each component is 6.5 parts～21 parts of ferrosilicon powders; 0.76 part～2.1 parts of many ring sodium sulfonates, 4 parts～5.5 parts of accelerators, 1 part-8 parts of silica flours.According to the engineering strength requirement, confirm to use the interpolation material of the different trades mark in conjunction with cement grade in the construction.The nano material that adopts mechanical milling method to carry out refinement, particle size is little, approximately (10 ± 5) nm; Specific area is big; Percent by volume (this proportion by subtraction that refers to the volume that in one cubic metre Binder Materials nano material is shared) reaches 30%～40%; Its particle and shock plate and intergranular collision energy major part in the process of pulverizing changes into the interior ability and the surface energy of particle; Cause the long-pending and specific surface energy increase of specific grain surface, its mechanical property generation significant change significantly improves performance indications such as its intensity, hardness, ageing resistance, durability.Organic nano material mixes cement, has accelerated the hydration reaction of cement induction period and accelerated period, makes the air-liquid-solid three-phase reach corresponding concentration gradient through saturation degree, has improved the three-dimensional structure that thes cement solidifies; Improve the bulk density of cement concrete simultaneously, not only subtract surface water but also subtract interstitial water, make micelle produce the polymerization effect of polymerization again.The organic nano material water-reducing rate that the present invention adopts is 28%-33%, and cohesive force is 3.89Mpa (striaght cement 0.8Mpa).The injection rebound degree of conventional gunite concrete is 30%-40%, and mixes organic nano material among the present invention, sprays about 9%, jetting thickness of rebound degree and can reach 350mm-1000mm, and dust concentration reduces 30%-50%.When utilizing the present invention to make gunite concrete, when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity was about 18Mpa in 28 days, mix organic nano material after, intensity can be brought up to more than the 40Mpa in 28 days.
The combination matching of two kinds of materials (being crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material) is in the advanced composite material (ACM) among the present invention: crude polypropylene fiber 6-8 kilogram; Organic nano material 20-41.9 kilogram; The volume of organic nano material is the 5%-10% of cement consumption, is spiked into separately in every cube of gunite concrete respectively during use.
During the preparation gunite concrete; Adopt the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type; Feeding sequence by sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water feeds intake; Prolong 10-30 second to the mixing time control ratio at ordinary times, suitably increase the slump that the water reducer consumption regulates gunite concrete to reach the construction requirement of on-spot injection.Observe to the machine outlet fiber dispersion evenly again entrucking be transported to the job location spray application.
To specify the present invention with several kinds of concrete embodiments below:
Embodiment one: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 900 parts of sands, 680 parts in stone; 3 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 350 parts of cement, 8 parts of organic nano materials; 208 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 7%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 30%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment two: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 942 parts of sands, 691 parts in stone; 4 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 221 parts of cement, 11 parts of organic nano materials; 260 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 7%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 35%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment three: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 987 parts of sands, 701 parts in stone; 5 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 388 parts of cement, 13 parts of organic nano materials; 230 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 8%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 35%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment four: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1026 parts of sands, 712 parts in stone; 6 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 413 parts of cement, 16 parts of organic nano materials; 235 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 6.5%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 38%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment five: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1055 parts of sands, 716 parts in stone; 7 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 427 parts of cement, 21 parts of organic nano materials; 240 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 6.7%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 39%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment six: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1076 parts of sands, 719 parts in stone; 8 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 439 parts of cement, 25 parts of organic nano materials; 255 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 7.5%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 40%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment seven: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1089 parts of sands, 720 parts in stone; 9 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 448 parts of cement, 35 parts of organic nano materials; 267 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 7.5%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 40%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment eight: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1120 parts of sands, 750 parts in stone; 10 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 459 parts of cement, 43 parts of organic nano materials; 273 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 8%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 40%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment nine: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1159 parts of sands, 781 parts in stone; 11 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 471 parts of cement, 48 parts of organic nano materials; 289 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 8.2%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 45%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment ten: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1173 parts of sands, 789 parts in stone; 12 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 483 parts of cement, 50 parts of organic nano materials; 296 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 8.5%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 45%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment 11: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1195 parts of sands, 802 parts in stone; 13 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 496 parts of cement, 55 parts of organic nano materials; 305 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 8.6%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 45%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment 12: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1211 parts of sands, 814 parts in stone; 13.5 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 505 parts of cement, 58 parts of organic nano materials; 307 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 8.8%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 50%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
Embodiment 13: in the present embodiment, the preparation strength grade is the gunite concrete of CF30, and adopting label is the P.O42.5R Portland cement, and water-cement ratio is: 0.48; Sand coarse aggregate ratio is: 60%, and the slump is 14-18cm, adopts 1226 parts of sands, 820 parts in stone; 14 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 516 parts of cement, 60 parts of organic nano materials; 312 parts in water drops into material in the mechanical stirring equipment of forced action type, to stirring in order; The gunite concrete that adopts the present embodiment proportioning to produce, spraying rebound degree is about 9%, one time jetting thickness can reach more than the 500mm; Dust concentration is reduced to 50%, and when it adopted the cement of normal silicate 42.5#, intensity can reach more than the 45Mpa in 28 days.
The present invention relates to be applied to engineering ejection supporting new materials such as railway tunnel, mine tunnel, mine, hydraulic engineering access tunnel, diversion tunnel, underground power house cavern, engineering slope, subway, is to be composited by crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material.
Adopt the present invention, can realize following benefit:
1, the present invention solves the conventional construction method of above-mentioned engineering the steel fibrous shotcrete rebound degree is high, spray-up is thin, dust is big with mixing, damage equipment, conglomeration plugging easily in the sprayed construction process, influence the deficiency of construction speed, make spray lubricious not plugging, supporting in time, when ensureing working security the raising construction speed.
2, the present invention solves conventional construction method with mixing the deficiency that jet thickness of steel fibrous shotcrete is thin partially, rebound degree is high, dust is big, the country rock adhesion strength is relatively poor, the concrete support effect is undesirable, strengthen construction costs, cause engineering material to waste; Conventional injection rebound degree is 25%-30%; Mix crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material composite rebound degree is 6%-8%; Jet thickness can reach more than the 500mm, and dust concentration reduces by 50%, 28 day compression strength and can reach more than the 45Mpa; The country rock adhesion strength is high, toughness of concrete index I
5Greater than 3, concrete does not fall piece.
3, the present invention solve with the steel fibre corrosion resistance poor, the unfavorable technical problem of long durability, crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material composite have very strong alkali resistance, have the problem get rusty unlike steel fibre.
4, the present invention adopts crude polypropylene fiber and organic nano material composite to replace part cement; Reduced the heat of hydration (heat that is produced when referring to cement generation hydration reaction); Help the control in concrete early-age plastic shrinkage crack, help the durability of engineering.
5, improve the concrete bulk density, improve the impervious ability of gunite concrete, impervious grade can be reached more than the S8.
The present invention is mainly used in the ejection supporting new composite engineering material of practical applications such as railway tunnel, mine tunnel, mine, hydraulic engineering access tunnel, diversion tunnel, underground power house cavern, engineering slope, subway; Solve that conventional construction method mixes that the steel fibrous shotcrete rebound degree is high, spray-up is thin, dust is big, damage equipment, conglomeration plugging easily in the sprayed construction process, influence the deficiency of construction speed etc.; It is poor with the steel fibre corrosion resistance to solve; The unfavorable deficiency of long durability. be used for replacing steel wire or steel fibre; Practice thrift construction costs; Improve construction speed, improve or improve the anticracking of crude fibre gunite concrete, impervious, anti-folding, toughness, antifatigue, impact resistance and freeze thawing resistance, fire-resistant anti-burst ability.
The present invention can significantly reduce the rebound degree of gunite concrete, the construction speed that improves engineering, shortening construction period, reduces the engineering material waste, reduces construction costs, prolongs service life, the raising of sprayed construction equipment or improve the anticracking of crude fibre gunite concrete, impervious, anti-folding, toughness, antifatigue, impact resistance and freeze thawing resistance, fire-resistant anti-burst ability etc.; Simultaneously; The present invention can also improve gunite concrete construction quality and durability, especially can be obvious to the support action effect that the high engineering of rock burst occurrence frequency provides.
The crude polypropylene fiber that adopts among the present invention is to develop to the purposes of steel fibre; Its cross sectional shape and specific area are similar with steel fibre; Crude polypropylene fiber proportion is 0.95kg/cm3; The proportion of steel is 7.8kg/cm3, and under the same volume volume, steel fibre weight is 8.0 times of crude polypropylene fiber weight.Therefore, adopt crude polypropylene fiber to replace steel fibre to reduce cost by a relatively large margin, simultaneously and steel fibre relatively, the very light in weight of crude polypropylene fiber has reduced the workload of transport of materials and concrete mixing.
Handle through special on the surface of the crude polypropylene fiber that adopts among the present invention, so the crude polypropylene fiber surface has compatibility, with cement matrix good affinity and bond stress is arranged; Good dispersion in concrete; Workability is good, and fiber can conglomeration, adds that the fibrous septum has impression to be uneven state; Fiber and concrete cohesion and frictional force have been improved; Concrete crude polypropylene fiber in the process of destroying is difficult for being pulled out like this, and fiber is difficult for breaking away from concrete substrate, and the fiber concrete flexural toughness also improves.Compare with steel fibre, crude polypropylene fiber has reduced pumping equipment, flexible pipe and nozzle abrasion, and crude polypropylene fiber has very strong alkali resistance, has the problem of getting rusty unlike steel fibre.
Among the present invention, adopt concrete that crude polypropylene fiber makes as aggregate behind fire, fiber has the effectiveness that stops the concrete expansion explosion; And when it burns; Can not produce pernicious gases such as nitrogen, sulphur, the chlorine (mechanism that synthetic fiber can improve the explosion of the concrete high temperature resistance fiber that has been high temperature melt; Form the passage that gas scatters and disappears; The temperature and the gas pressure of inside concrete obviously reduce, and the ability and the fire resistance of concrete opposing expansion explosion are strengthened).The research proof; Adopt the early stage flexural toughness and the energy absorption capability of the gunite concrete of crude polypropylene fiber to be higher than steel fiber reinforced concrete and steel-wire-net reinforced concrete; Promptly in various fibers; Crude polypropylene fiber to early-age concrete toughness and energy absorption capability to improve effect the most remarkable; When the tunnel rock deformation is big, replacing steel fiber reinforced concrete and steel-wire-net reinforced concrete with the crude polypropylene fiber gunite concrete is only selection, and the support action effect that particularly the high engineering of rock burst occurrence frequency is provided is obvious.Crude polypropylene fiber has good corrosion resistance, and it is more suitable than steel fibre to be used under the adverse circumstances, and the use of crude polypropylene fiber is safe, can not bring any injury to the people.
In a word, crude polypropylene fiber is used for the wet blasting concrete, replaces steel wire or steel fibre, has good endurance, counter-bending toughness is suitable with steel fiber reinforced concrete, light and safety and the advantages such as wearing and tearing that reduced in the fiber concrete injection equipment during construction.
Claims (10)
1. the manufacturing approach of a crude polypropylene fiber, it is characterized in that: described method comprises the steps:
A, crude polypropylene fiber are that acrylic resin and each component thereof are put into the double screw extruder feeding bin,
B, be that 200-230 ℃ and pressure are to melt refining under the 65-85Mpa in temperature,
C, extrude by spinnerets, get into thermostatic bath and be cooled to 20-25 ℃ through die head,
D, get into the one or seven roller drawing machine then and carry out drawing-off,
E, entering constant temperature bath cabinet are heated to about 170 ℃-190 ℃, and then get into the two or seven roller drawing machine and carry out the secondary drawing-off,
F, get into insulating box again and heat to about 170-190 ℃, carry out drawing-off once more after coming out, typing,
G, heating to 120-125 ℃ once more, is that 120-130 ℃ circle silk is sent into cotton gin and spent type rolling with temperature, and making its single fiber diameter or equivalent diameter is 0.5～1.3mm, and the cooling back forms coarse fiber bundle;
H, after accomplish stretching, it is to carry out HEAT SETTING behind 3.0%～5.0% the conventional oiling agent for polypropylene spinning that coarse fiber bundle is sprayed percent concentration,
I, again fiber is carried out surface indentation and handles,
J, the long filament that has colored type lacked cuts, pack warehouse-in after metering,
K, the length requirement of pressing 30mm～50mm at last cut off, quantitative package.
2. the manufacturing approach of crude polypropylene fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described crude polypropylene fiber is fishbone.
3. a crude polypropylene fiber and an organic nano material that adopts manufacturing approach as claimed in claim 1 to produce is compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It is characterized in that: described method is for feeding intake by the feeding sequence of sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water, the back that stirs gunite concrete, wherein; The weight ratio of sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 900 parts～1226 parts of sands; 680 parts～820 parts in stone, 3～14 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 350 parts～516 parts of cement; 8～60 parts of organic nano materials, 208 parts～312 parts in water.
4. crude polypropylene fiber according to claim 3 and organic nano material are compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It is characterized in that: described organic nano material comprises ferrosilicon powder, encircles sodium sulfonate more, accelerator and silica flour; Each component is mixed into powdery by proportioning, and the weight ratio of each component is 6.5 parts～21 parts of ferrosilicon powders, encircles 0.76 part～2.1 parts of sodium sulfonates more; 4 parts～5.5 parts of accelerators, 1 part-8 parts of silica flours.
5. crude polypropylene fiber according to claim 1 and organic nano material are compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 920 parts～1206 parts of sands; 691 parts～816 parts in stone, 3.5～13.5 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 356 parts～508 parts of cement; 9～58 parts of organic nano materials, 215 parts～301 parts in water.
6. crude polypropylene fiber according to claim 5 and organic nano material are compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 932 parts～1190 parts of sands; 699 parts～811 parts in stone, 4～13 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 368 parts～499 parts of cement; 11～55 parts of organic nano materials, 221 parts～293 parts in water.
7. crude polypropylene fiber according to claim 6 and organic nano material are compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 943 parts～1182 parts of sands; 705 parts～806 parts in stone, 4.5～12.5 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 379 parts～492 parts of cement; 16～47 parts of organic nano materials, 227 parts～287 parts in water.
8. crude polypropylene fiber according to claim 7 and organic nano material are compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 956 parts～1167 parts of sands; 712 parts～794 parts in stone, 5～12 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 389 parts～486 parts of cement; 16～47 parts of organic nano materials, 231 parts～278 parts in water.
9. crude polypropylene fiber according to claim 8 and organic nano material are compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 970 parts～1152 parts of sands; 723 parts～789 parts in stone, 5.5～11.5 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 395 parts～480 parts of cement; 17～44.8 parts of organic nano materials, 234 parts～262 parts in water.
10. crude polypropylene fiber according to claim 9 and organic nano material are compounded in the application process in the gunite concrete; It is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described sand, stone, crude polypropylene fiber, cement, organic nano material, water is: 985 parts～1145 parts of sands; 729 parts～781 parts in stone, 5.8～10 parts of crude polypropylene fibers, 410 parts～478 parts of cement; 18～44.1 parts of organic nano materials, 236 parts～259 parts in water.
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