CN102783741B - 多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物、制备方法及用途 - Google Patents
多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物、制备方法及用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物制备及用途，该复合织物是由具有高反射率和增强散热功能的金属箔反射层、具有高吸耗能和热传导均布功能的相变限温层、具有反射隔绝和均布热量功能的间隔复合膜绝热层和具有低接触导热和阻燃与舒适功能的阻燃舒适层依次排列层合构成。当正面受明火强热流环境作用时，其反面能保持50℃以下近人体皮肤安全温度状态，且整体结构形态和力学性能稳定。该复合织物的自然厚度为5～15mm，压紧厚度为3～8mm；平方米质量在400～1500g/m2，为完全密闭粘合、缝制的防火隔热面料，可用于消防、军事、探险、安全逃生、工业等高温特殊场合的个体防护和环境隔热。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及人体或环境温度绝热与防护的轻薄柔性复合材料技术，是一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的制备及用途。该防火绝热复合织物可适用于消防、军事、探险、工业等特殊场合的人体防护和环境隔热，属于纺织复合材料和功能技术用纺织品领域。
背景技术
在火场等高温强热环境下，存在的最主要的潜在的危险，包括：火场的高温环境，尤其是辐射热对人体的烧伤危险；防护装备器具被火焰引燃以及接触高温物体表面引起高速热传导，造成人体烧伤的危险等。因此，为不致灼伤并正常工作，消防及特殊工作人员应穿着功能服装进行有效的隔热防护。
资料表明，由明火火源产生的热流除少部分(低于30％)对流外，多以电磁波形式传播的辐射热向四周散热。由于辐射热穿透力强，很容易造成人体烧伤或灼伤，因此消防类防火绝热织物的重点在于减少辐射热渗透，降低热传导，使防护服深层升温速度减慢。故而，防火绝热织物不仅要表面对辐射热具有高反射性能，而且本身要具有高吸耗能和快速散热的功能，还要耐火、耐高温，以实现对火源或热源的高效隔绝和对人体的安全有效防护。
对于防火绝热类织物，近年来有较多的研究和专利。如消防员隔热防护服面料(专利号CN200920211471.1)由铝箔、PET聚酯膜和芳纶纤维平纹机织基布组成，其中铝箔为7μm厚的压延铝箔；该发明取得良好的抗辐射热渗透效果，但由于厚度和PET聚酯膜熔点的限制，其热防护效果甚为有限。抗热辐射耐高温阻燃防护服面料(专利号CN200920309275.8)采用由内向外的耐热、阻燃织物纤维层、胶粘剂层和抗热辐射的防护层的复合结构，其中抗热辐射防护层为20～25μm的聚酯镀铝膜；本发明的防护服面料具有较好的抗热辐射性，且质轻、耐高温、收缩率小，但聚酯镀铝膜耐高温性能有限。
铝箔防火隔热手套(专利号CN201020276197.9)由耐焰层、隔热层和内里层组成的多层复合织物制成。其中耐焰层由铝箔层和以芳纶与抗静电棉按Ripstop规律混纺编织的织物层复合而成；隔热层采用永久性阻燃无纺布。手套降低了与热源接触的危险，增强了对高温的隔离防护。
具有反射层、辐射层多重结构的隔热涂层织物(专利号CN201010222904.0)，由基布和涂覆在基布上的隔热浆料制得，其中隔热浆料为含纳米TiO2的辐射功能层和含中空玻璃微球的反射功能层的两层结构。涂层织物通过反射层的反射功能后再通过辐射层的辐射功能可实现良好的隔热效果，但不适于高温火场环境下的使用。
抗光热辐射纳米复合织物涂层材料(专利号CN200910181069.8)，通过特殊工艺可在织物表面形成陶瓷光热反射层，纳米钛化合物反射层及稳定层，起到对近红外线与可见光进行反射。测试结果表明复合纳米织物涂层能够反光热辐射可达81％以上。抗热辐射耐高温面料(专利号CN201020644530.7)，由外向内分别为厚度为20-25μm的耐高温的聚酯镀铝薄膜防护层、厚度为2-6μm的聚氨酯胶粘剂胶黏层和硅酸铝纤维层复合而成。这种面料主要是针对辐射热防护，聚酯镀铝薄膜虽具有一定的高温稳定性，但在面对火场高温强热流环境时很容易被熔融破坏。
隔热复合膜(专利号CN200510024710.9)是本专利申请人以前的发明专利，采用由高强低导热系数的高聚物基膜、高反射性能的金属层、高隔热性的氧化金属层和低导热性可热粘合的高聚物外覆膜复合而成的结构实现高低温环境下(-150～120℃)的高效、轻质、柔性多功能热防护。
隔热保温柔软薄型复合织物(专利号CN200410066650.2)也是本专利申请人以前的发明专利，一面采用耐高、低温的高性能的涂层织物，另一面采用柔软、舒适、防霜、防凝露的涂层织物，中间采用多层隔热的高聚物与金属复合膜构成的复合织物，多层复合间可带厚度、尺寸稳定的衬网织物，实现一面可承受高温、低温或高、低温复合作用，一面保持5～35℃近室温状态；本发明的复合织物的自然厚度在3～12mm，平方米重量在150～550g/m2，可实现-130～120℃条件下的隔热与防护。虽适用广泛，但隔热效果有限。该专利不是防火用途，并且既无明火辐射热高反射层，也无相变吸热耗散限温层，而且制备方法不同。
由以上专利技术所制得的热防护织物或隔热膜，虽然具有较好的防辐射热渗透性能，但在实际应用中，由于受到铝箔聚合物基体和导热性能的限制，受高温强热作用时容易造成材料表面热量集中和局部过热损坏，如在800～1000℃的高温火场下使用人体会在极短时间被烧伤或灼伤。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种防辐射热渗透和耗散热性能优良、轻质、柔性的多级展开散热防火绝热复合织物。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种上述复合织物的制备方法及用途。
为了达到上述目的，本发明的原理是通过设计由金属箔反射层、相变限温层、间隔复合膜绝热层以及阻燃舒适层实现防火绝热功能分解分担和耗散。以高反射率和增强散热功能的金属箔反射层实现对火场辐射热的反射隔绝和对渗透热量的扩散和均布；以高吸耗能和热传导均布功能的相变限温层实现对渗透辐射热和传导热的吸收耗散和均匀扩散；以反射、隔绝和均布热量功能的间隔复合膜绝热层实现对织物内部热量的进一步发射隔绝和均布耗散；以低接触导热和阻燃的阻燃舒适层保证人体的安全和舒适；以上述各功能结构层复合而成的复合织物作为多级展开散热的防火绝热防护体系。防火绝热复合织物具有轻质、柔性、耐火焰冲击、高温热稳定性和辐射热防护性能优良、受热时表面和内部热量均匀分布、可重复使用等特点。此复合织物面向火源或热源的次序为金属箔反射层、高吸耗能相变限温层、间隔复合膜绝热层和阻燃舒适层，从而实现火场高温强热环境下对人体的高效安全防护。
本发明的一个具体技术方案是提供了一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，其特征在于：由具有高反射率和增强散热功能的金属箔反射层、具有高吸耗能和热传导均布功能的相变限温层、具有反射、隔绝和均布热量功能的间隔复合膜绝热层及具有低接触导热和阻燃与舒适功能的阻燃舒适层依次排列构成，其中，金属箔反射层为正面，面向火焰或高温源，阻燃舒适层为反面，面向人体。
优选地，所述金属箔反射层由位于最外表层的金属箔和位于次层的带有金属纤维的耐高温纱线制成的增强基布相粘结复合而成；
金属箔为厚度为5～10μm的纯铝箔或铝合金箔，具有优良的辐射热反射性能导性能；
耐高温纱线是由玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维与金属纤维复合纺纱而成，金属纤维为不锈钢纤维或铜纤维，金属纤维与玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维的复合比为1～10％，以对纱线增强并使热量迅速扩散和均布。
利用高致密性的金属箔对火场高温强辐射热流环境的光、热辐射实现良好的反射隔绝；耐高温纱线中的金属纤维可使渗透过金属箔的热量迅速扩散和均布。
优选地，所述相变限温层由掺有金属短纤维的耐高温纤维毡与带有金属丝的防漏基布复合加工而成，在200～400℃可发生固-液相变的相变粉末粘附在耐高温纤维毡中，相变粉末可实现对辐射渗透热和传导热的高吸收耗散；
耐高温纤维毡为玻璃纤维毡或玄武岩纤维毡，温度适应性为室温～800℃；
金属短纤维为不锈钢短纤维或铜短纤维，以增加热量的快速扩散和均布于耐高温纤维毡中相变耗热，而减少热量集中或局部过热；
金属丝为不锈钢丝或铜丝，以增强防漏基布和增加剩余热量的扩散与均布耗散；
防漏基布为耐高温的玄武岩纤维或玻璃纤维与金属丝的复合纱制成机织布，用于防止相变粉末在加工和使用中的泄漏。
耐高温纤维毡作为金属短纤维和相变粉末的载体，复合后实现热量的快速扩散和均布以及高吸收耗散，从而减少热量集中或局部过热。带有金属丝的防漏基布可增加剩余热量的扩散与均布耗散，并可防止相变粉末在加工和使用中的泄漏。
优选地，所述间隔复合膜绝热层与所述阻燃舒适层相缝合固定，所述间隔复合膜绝热层由4～20层镀金属高聚物复合膜层合而成，在相邻两层镀金属高聚物复合膜的膜间层合衬网织物；
镀金属高聚物复合膜为涤纶、聚酰亚胺或锦纶高聚物基的镀铝、镀铝合金或镀金的薄膜；
衬网织物是由涤纶、锦纶或芳纶长丝采用编织方法成形的网格化轻质网状织物。
以多层复合膜的层合实现热量的多层反射隔绝和传导均布。
优选地，所述阻燃舒适层为阻燃棉织物、阻燃涤纶织物、或Nomex纤维织物中的一种。
低接触导热的阻燃舒适层主要针对经前述功能结构层对高温火场的分解分担后的剩余高温(100℃左右)进行后续隔热降温以及保证人体穿着舒适。
本发明的另一个技术方案是提供了一种上述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤为：将上述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物中除金属箔反射层的金属箔外已制成的各层或组复合层先行缝合固定后，再将金属箔用耐高温粘结剂均匀、点粘结于正面，以形成密闭、平整、无破损的自然厚度为5～15mm，实际压紧厚度为3～8mm，平方米质量在400～1500g/m2的防火绝热复合织物，在该防火绝热复合织物中包括除衬网织物和阻燃舒适层外的所有各层形成多级展开散热的通道。
优选地，所述相变限温层与所述间隔复合膜绝热层之和的自然厚度≤14mm，平方米质量≤1100g/m2。
本发明的另一个技术方案是提供了一种上述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的用途，其特征在于：适用于500～1000℃高温强热流火场环境条件下安全使用的隔热防护材料。
有关含金属丝复合纱的加工和在功能织物方面的应用，本专利申请人已经申请了相关专利。在一种吸波高弹纱及其生产设备和生产方法(专利号CN201110242760.X)和金属丝包缠弹力丝的电磁屏蔽纱及其生产设备和生产方法(专利号CN201110242817.6)中，均采用环锭纺细纱机制得具有吸波和电磁屏蔽功能的由外侧缠绕的包芯结构纱段和内部弹力丝组成的复合纱，其中包芯结构纱段由金属丝以及螺旋状缠绕在金属丝外侧的短纤维须条制成。本专利申请人的课题组内已经具有成熟的含金属丝的复合纱的纺制技术和设备，所制的复合纱在本发明的各功能结构层中得到切实有效的应用。
本发明针对高温火场环境(800～1000℃)下的强辐射热和传导热防护的需求以及目前消防类热防护服存在的局部过热问题，采用合适的缝合和粘结工艺，综合利用金属箔的高辐射反射性能、含金属丝或金属短纤维织物的高传导散热性能、高温相变材料的高吸耗能性能和间隔复合膜的高绝热性能，制得多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，以实现高温火场环境下对人体的安全有效防护。
与现有技术相比，本发明包括如下优点：
1、防火绝热复合织物为四功能层复合结构，除加强了对高温火场的辐射渗透热和传导热的高吸收耗散外，主要功能层内金属长丝或短纤维的巧妙应用加强了各层内热量的快速展开散热和均布，形成多级展开散热通道，避免了热量集中或局部过热，实现对人体的高效安全防护。加上人是不断移动和转动，安全性和有效使用时间大幅增加。
2、防火绝热复合织物功能分担合理、完整：金属箔反射层可以将光、热辐射热源产生的辐射热的大部分反射掉；相变限温层可实现辐射渗透热和传导热的高吸收耗散和温度截止；间隔复合膜绝热层可对内部的热量实现多层反射隔绝和均布；阻燃舒适层可实现后续低温隔热和保证人体舒适。
3、防火绝热复合织物为轻薄、柔性材料，防辐射渗透和耗散热性能优良，重复使用性强，可用于火场、战场等抢险救生环境的服装，也可用于航空航天防护材料。
附图说明
图1为多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的层状结构示意图。
图中：1-金属箔反射层(面向明火源)，其包括11-高反射率金属箔，12-耐高温增强基布，13-金属丝；2-相变限温层，其包括21-耐高温纤维毡，22-相变粉末，23-金属短纤维，24-增强防漏基布，25-金属丝；3-间隔复合膜隔热层，其包括31-镀金属高聚物复合膜，32-衬网织物；4-阻燃舒适层，靠近人体；5-多级展开散热通道。
具体实施方式
为使本发明更明显易懂，兹以优选实施例，并配合附图作详细说明如下。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，由具有高反射率和增强散热功能的金属箔反射层1、具有高吸耗能和热传导均布功能的相变限温层2、具有反射、隔绝和均布热量功能的间隔复合膜绝热层3及具有低接触导热和阻燃与舒适功能的阻燃舒适层4依次排列构成，其中，金属箔反射层1为正面，面向火焰或高温源，阻燃舒适层4为反面，面向人体。
金属箔反射层1由位于最外表层的金属箔11和位于次层的带有金属纤维13的耐高温纱线制成的增强基布12相粘结复合而成；
金属箔11为厚度为5～10μm的纯铝箔或铝合金箔；
耐高温纱线是由玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维与金属纤维13复合纺纱而成，金属纤维13为不锈钢纤维或铜纤维，金属纤维13与玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维混合的复合比为1～10％，以对纱线增强并使热量迅速扩散和均布。
相变限温层2由掺有金属短纤维23的耐高温纤维毡21与带有金属丝25的防漏基布24复合加工而成，在200～400℃可发生固-液相变的相变粉末22粘附在耐高温纤维毡21中；
耐高温纤维毡21为玻璃纤维毡或玄武岩纤维毡；
金属短纤维23为不锈钢短纤维或铜短纤维，以增加热量的快速扩散和均布于耐高温纤维毡21中相变耗热，而减少热量集中或局部过热；
金属丝25为不锈钢丝或铜丝，以增强防漏基布24和增加剩余热量的扩散与均布耗散；
防漏基布24为耐高温的玄武岩纤维或玻璃纤维与金属丝25的复合纱制成机织布，用于防止相变粉末22在加工和使用中的泄漏。
间隔复合膜绝热层3与阻燃舒适层4相缝合固定，间隔复合膜绝热层3由4～20层镀金属高聚物复合膜31层合而成，在相邻两层镀金属高聚物复合膜31的膜间层合衬网织物32；
镀金属高聚物复合膜31为涤纶、聚酰亚胺或锦纶高聚物基的镀铝、镀铝合金或镀金的薄膜；
衬网织物32是由涤纶、锦纶或芳纶长丝采用编织方法成形的网格化轻质网状织物。
阻燃舒适层4为阻燃棉织物、阻燃涤纶织物、或Nomex纤维织物中的一种。
本发明还提供了一种上述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的制备方法，其步骤为：将上述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物中除金属箔反射层1的金属箔11外已制成的各层或组复合层先行缝合固定后，再将金属箔11用耐高温粘结剂均匀、点粘结于正面，以形成密闭、平整、无破损的自然厚度为5～15mm，实际压紧厚度为3～8mm，平方米质量在400～1500g/m2的防火绝热复合织物，在该防火绝热复合织物中包括除衬网织物32和阻燃舒适层4外的所有各层形成多级展开散热的通道5。
更为优选地，相变限温层2与间隔复合膜绝热层3之和的自然厚度≤14mm，平方米质量≤1100g/m2。
下述具体实施例1～4是选择不同的金属箔、纤维材料、相变粉末、镀金属高聚物膜材料、衬网织物、阻燃织物，不同的自然厚度、压紧厚度、平方米质量，实际制备本发明所述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，并对所得复合织物在不同的火场及高温条件下的内侧即反面限定最高温度及其持续最长时间进行实测，详见下表。同时，对经受火焰和高温作用后的复合织物作外观评价和第二次重复试验的测量和外观评价，结果详见下表及以下表述。
实施例1
采用本发明的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的四层结构和如下表的材料，并采用本发明所述的制备方法所制得的防火绝热复合织物，将其置于800℃火场条件下，实测的内侧即反面限定的最高温度及其持续最长时间如下表实施例1栏所示。实际目测观察，表面完好无损，揉搓和弯折无明显脆化点或裂纹。待冷却后，再次放入同样火场条件，所得的第二次处理时的限定最高温度及其持续最长时间见下表所示，说明无变化；且再次实测观察，该复合织物表面完好无损，揉搓和弯折无明显脆化点或裂纹。由此证明该复合织物防火绝热性能稳定，可多次使用。若将800℃的火焰集中于该复合织试样的中心2cm范围内，反面中心点达到的限定的50℃的持续时间可达12.5min，相对提高了21.36％，说明热扩散耗热和隔热效果明显。
实施例2
采用本发明的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的四层结构和如下表的材料，并采用本发明所述的制备方法所制得的防火绝热复合织物，将其置于1000℃火场条件下，实测的内侧即反面限定的最高温度及其持续最长时间如下表实施例2栏所示。实际目测观察，表面完好无损，揉搓和弯折无明显脆化点或裂纹。待冷却后，再次放入同样火场条件，所得的第二次处理时的限定最高温度及其持续最长时间见下表所示，说明无变化，持续最长时间还略呈增加，是材料的膨松化所致；且再次实测观察，该复合织物表面完好无损，揉搓和弯折无明显脆化点或裂纹。由此证明该复合织物防火绝热性能稳定，可多次使用。若将1000℃的火焰集中于该复合织试样的中心2cm范围内，反面中心点达到的限定的45℃的持续时间可达13.6min，相对提高了24.77％，说明热扩散耗热和隔热效果明显。
实施例3
采用本发明的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的四层结构和如下表的材料，并采用本发明所述的制备方法所制得的防火绝热复合织物，将其置于600℃火场条件下，实测的内侧即反面限定的最高温度及其持续最长时间如下表实施例3栏所示。实际目测观察，表面完好无损，揉搓和弯折无明显脆化点或裂纹。待冷却后，再次放入同样火场条件，所得的第二次处理时的限定最高温度及其持续最长时间见下表所示，说明无变化，持续最长时间还略呈增加，是材料的膨松化所致；且再次实测观察，该复合织物表面完好无损，揉搓和弯折无明显脆化点或裂纹。由此证明该复合织物防火绝热性能稳定，可多次使用。若将600℃的火焰集中于该复合织试样的中心2cm范围内，反面中心点达到的限定的50℃的持续时间可达9.9min，相对提高了23.75％，说明热扩散耗热和隔热效果明显。
实施例4
采用本发明的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的四层结构和如下表的材料，并采用本发明所述的制备方法所制得的防火绝热复合织物，将其置于1000℃火场条件下，实测的内侧即反面限定的最高温度及其持续最长时间如下表实施例4栏所示，为四种样品中防火绝热指标最优的，主要是相变限温层相变粉末量和间隔复合膜隔热层的层数选择得当。实际目测观察，表面完好无损，揉搓和弯折无明显脆化点或裂纹。待冷却后，再次放入同样火场条件，所得的第二次处理时的限定最高温度及其持续最长时间见下表所示，说明无变化，持续最长时间还略呈增加，是材料的膨松化所致；且再次实测观察，该复合织物表面完好无损，揉搓和弯折无明显脆化点或裂纹。由此证明该复合织物防火绝热性能稳定，可多次使用。若将1000℃的火焰集中于该复合织试样的中心2cm范围内，反面中心点达到的限定的45℃的持续时间可达15.3min，相对提高了26.44％，说明热扩散耗热和隔热效果明显。
多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的构成、结构参数与实测结果
Claims (8)
1.一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，其特征在于：由具有高反射率和增强散热功能的金属箔反射层（1）、具有高吸耗能和热传导均布功能的相变限温层（2）、具有反射、隔绝和均布热量功能的间隔复合膜绝热层（3）及具有低接触导热和阻燃与舒适功能的阻燃舒适层（4）依次排列构成，其中，金属箔反射层（1）为正面，面向火焰或高温源，阻燃舒适层（4）为反面，面向人体；
所述金属箔反射层（1）由位于最外表层的金属箔（11）和位于次层的带有金属纤维（13）的耐高温纱线制成的增强基布（12）相粘结复合而成；
所述相变限温层（2）由掺有金属短纤维（23）的耐高温纤维毡（21）与带有金属丝（25）的防漏基布（24）复合加工而成，在200～400℃可发生固-液相变的相变粉末（22）粘附在耐高温纤维毡（21）中；
所述间隔复合膜绝热层（3）与所述阻燃舒适层（4）相缝合固定，所述间隔复合膜绝热层（3）由4~20层镀金属高聚物复合膜（31）层合而成，在相邻两层镀金属高聚物复合膜（31）的膜间层合衬网织物（32）。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，其特征在于：
金属箔（11）为厚度为5～10μm的纯铝箔或铝合金箔；
耐高温纱线是由玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维与金属纤维（13）复合纺纱而成，金属纤维（13）为不锈钢纤维或铜纤维，金属纤维（13）与玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维的复合比为1~10%，以对纱线增强并使热量迅速扩散和均布。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，其特征在于：
耐高温纤维毡（21）为玻璃纤维毡或玄武岩纤维毡；
金属短纤维（23）为不锈钢短纤维或铜短纤维，以增加热量的快速扩散和均布于耐高温纤维毡（21）中相变耗热，而减少热量集中或局部过热；
金属丝（25）为不锈钢丝或铜丝，以增强防漏基布（24）和增加剩余热量的扩散与均布耗散；
防漏基布（24）为耐高温的玄武岩纤维或玻璃纤维与金属丝（25）的复合纱制成机织布，用于防止相变粉末（22）在加工和使用中的泄漏。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，其特征在于：
镀金属高聚物复合膜（31）为涤纶、聚酰亚胺或锦纶高聚物基的镀铝、镀铝合金或镀金的薄膜；
衬网织物（32）是由涤纶、锦纶或芳纶长丝采用编织方法成形的网格化轻质网状织物。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物，其特征在于：所述阻燃舒适层（4）为阻燃棉织物、阻燃涤纶织物、或Nomex纤维织物中的一种。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤为：将如权利要求1所述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物中除金属箔反射层（1）的金属箔（11）外已制成的各层或组复合层先行缝合固定后，再将金属箔（11）用耐高温粘结剂均匀、点粘结于正面，以形成密闭、平整、无破损的自然厚度为5～15mm，实际压紧厚度为3～8mm，平方米质量在400～1500g/m2的防火绝热复合织物，在该防火绝热复合织物中包括除衬网织物（32）和阻燃舒适层（4）外的所有各层形成多级展开散热的通道（5）。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种所述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述相变限温层（2）与所述间隔复合膜绝热层（3）之和的自然厚度≤14mm，平方米质量≤1100 g/m2。
8.一种如权利要求1所述的多级展开散热的防火绝热复合织物的用途，其特征在于：适用于500～1000℃高温强热流火场环境条件下安全使用的隔热防护材料。
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