CN102632074A - Method for repairing heavy metal polluted soil by using radix achyranthis bidentatae as manganese hyperaccumulator - Google Patents
Method for repairing heavy metal polluted soil by using radix achyranthis bidentatae as manganese hyperaccumulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102632074A CN102632074A CN2012101166113A CN201210116611A CN102632074A CN 102632074 A CN102632074 A CN 102632074A CN 2012101166113 A CN2012101166113 A CN 2012101166113A CN 201210116611 A CN201210116611 A CN 201210116611A CN 102632074 A CN102632074 A CN 102632074A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technology for repairing heavy metal polluted soil, and in particular relates to a method for repairing heavy metal polluted soil by using radix achyranthis bidentatae as a manganese hyperaccumulator. The radix achyranthis bidentatae belongs to a renascent herb, and found by field investigation, the radix achyranthis bidentatae has strong tolerance and enrichment capacity on manganese. Indoor culture experiments prove that the radix achyranthis bidentatae is planted in manganese polluted soil, absorbs manganese from the soil by roots, and transports the manganese to an overground part for accumulation; and when growing to maturity, the radix achyranthis bidentatae is harvested and duly handled, thus the purpose of removing excessive manganese from the soil is achieved. Through a mode of continuously planting the radix achyranthis bidentatae on the manganese polluted soil and continually harvesting the radix achyranthis bidentatae, the manganese in the polluted soil is continuously extracted until the content of the manganese in the soil reaches the standard of environmental safety. The method is used for repairing the manganese polluted soil, and is a green and safe polluted soil treatment method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy-metal contaminated soil phytoremediation technology field, specifically is a kind of method of utilizing manganese super enriching plant root of bidentate achyranthes restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal.
Background technology
Chongqing City's manganese resource is abundant, but the environmental pollution that in the exploitation of manganese ore and process, causes is also very serious.Wherein the Xiushan Mountain, Chongqing City county and Huayuan County, Hunan Province, the Song Taoxian of Guizhou Province enrich because of manganese resource and are called Chinese manganese ore " Golden Triangle ", are present manganese ore and electrolytic manganese production bases the biggest in the world, are described as " the first in the world manganese all ".Xiushan Mountain county develops the manganese industry since calendar year 2001, and the manganese industry reaches 70% to the contribution rate of local finance.But in rapid economic development, local ecological environment has also suffered serious pollution and destruction.In the exploitation and process of manganese ore, owing to backward in technique, waste water, the waste gas that causes that is simply equipped, manages improperly discharge arbitrarily, the not treated field, field that arbitrarily is deposited in of waste residue causes the dirt of local river, acid mist to fill the air.Large-area crops and wild vegetation are dead under the erosion of manganese poison, and its original ecological functions and production capacity is lost because of receiving pollution by manganese in a large amount of good farmlands.Therefore, how to control and alleviate the manganese poison pollution of environment and harm have been become a problem that becomes increasingly conspicuous.And conventional contaminated soil restorative procedure like soil moved in to improve the original soil replacement method, elution method, heat treatment, curing etc., owing to its specification requirement height or financial cost is expensive or soil texture is destroyed reasons such as serious, causes large-scale promotion to have many problems.Phytoremediation technology is to utilize super enriching plant from contaminated surrounding medium, to remove one type of new technology of heavy metal contaminants or reduction heavy metal pollution risk; It both can the repairing heavy metal pollution soil; Also can improve mining area ecological environment; Can also be from low-grade mine tailing or soil enriching noble metals, realize the unification of soil environmental protection and the recycling of mineral metal products resource high-efficiency.Compare with tradition improvement method, this technology demonstrates huge vitality with its potential advantage such as efficient, economic and ecological harmony.
Sensu lato phytoremediation is meant the technology of utilizing plant (comprising grass, filling, Qiao) to remove heavy metal in contaminated soil and the waste water, comprises that plant extraction, rhizosphere filtration, phytovolatilization and plant fix.Wherein the most promising is plant extraction, that is the phytoremediation of common indication.The plant extraction technology is meant that the root system that utilizes metal enrichment plant or super enriching plant comes out and migrate the METAL EXTRACTION in the soil to plant shoot, takes away a kind of method of heavy metal in soil through harvesting overground part material.Super enriching plant is the basis of phytoremediation, and seeking exploitation biomass super enriching plant big, that the enriching heavy metal ability is strong is the top priority that phytoremediation technology moves towards practical applications.At present, comprise 3 indexs about the criterion of manganese super enriching plant: the one, the critical content characteristic contains manganese in manganese super enriching plant blade or the overground part (dry weight) and reaches 10000 mg/kg; The 2nd, have transfer characteristic, plant overground part manganese content is greater than its root content; The 3rd, super enriching plant has patience characteristic and enrichment characteristics.Utilize the super enriching plant restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal be research at present at most, the most promising method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing manganese super enriching plant root of bidentate achyranthes restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal; This method is not being destroyed the undisturbed soil structure; Keep under the situation of soil microbial activities; The root of bidentate achyranthes is planted on the pollution by manganese soil, utilizes the root system of the root of bidentate achyranthes from soil, to absorb a large amount of manganese elements and be transported to the aerial part accumulation, after the plant maturation with its results and shift out soil to reach the purpose of reparation.This method green safety has that input cost is low, quantities is little, do not have secondary pollution, can reduce advantages such as the soil erosion.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is following:
Utilize manganese super enriching plant root of bidentate achyranthes restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, on pollution by manganese soil, plant the root of bidentate achyranthes, treat root of bidentate achyranthes plant strain growth maturation after, will put in order the strain plant and shift out contaminated soil, and deal carefully with, with the purpose of realize repairing.
The used plant root of bidentate achyranthes is to use seminal propagation among the present invention, and institute's platymiscium is the rich manganese plant.
Among the present invention the used plant root of bidentate achyranthes prior to seeding with seed with 30 ℃ of emerge in worm water 8-12h, pull and put into container out, cover wet cloth and preserve moisture, when treating 50% seed germination, take out and admix an amount of fine earth, broadcast sowing.
The used plant root of bidentate achyranthes among the present invention; On pollution by manganese soil, plant the root of bidentate achyranthes, the root of bidentate achyranthes absorbs manganese and shifts to aerial part from contaminated soil, after root of bidentate achyranthes plant strain growth maturation; To put in order the strain plant removes from contaminated soil; Through the continuous plantation root of bidentate achyranthes, repeat aforesaid operations, the manganese content in soil reaches environmental safety standard.
The used plant of the present invention is the root of bidentate achyranthes: the root of bidentate achyranthes (
Achyranthes bidentata), perennial herb, high 70-120cm.Root is elongated, yellow-white, meat.Stem has rib, dredges by pubescence, and joint expands like knee.Leaf is to life, oval or sloping aciculiform, and the two sides is dredged and given birth to fine and soft hair, and is closeer along master pulse.Spike top is given birth to armpit and is given birth to, and spends the total bennet elongation in back, spends downward folding and reclines and always spend just; Bract 1, membranous, width egg shape, the top is point gradually, squamella 2, thorn-like is about 3 millimeters, and respectively there is 1 ovum shape diaphragm the base portion both sides, are about 0.3 millimeter, and bract and squamella all do not have echinid; Tapel 5, green, many tool 1 arteries and veins; Stamen 5, the symphysis of filigree bottom, staminodium is shorter than filigree, ligule, the flat circle in top or shallow wavy; Ovary is upper.The utricle Long Circle.Florescence 7-9 month, fruit phase 9-10 month.
The advantage that the present invention had:
1. the present invention adopts the plant root of bidentate achyranthes, and biomass is big, and growth is rapid, and reproductive capacity is strong, and manganese is had very strong patience, absorption and ultra accumulation ability.The root of bidentate achyranthes is planted in the pollution by manganese soil; From soil, absorb a large amount of manganese elements and be transported to the ground through root system of plant; Treat after the plant maturation soil to be shifted out in its whole strain, and deal carefully with, thereby reach fast effectively, the purpose of the reparation pollution by manganese soil of green safety.
2. the present invention adopts the root of bidentate achyranthes to repair pollution by manganese soil, and green safety has that input cost is low, quantities is little, do not have secondary pollution, can reduce advantages such as the soil erosion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 handles the detection figure of root of bidentate achyranthes biomass for variable concentrations manganese
Fig. 2 handles the detection figure of root of bidentate achyranthes root length and plant height for variable concentrations manganese
Fig. 3 handles the detection figure of root of bidentate achyranthes manganese content for variable concentrations manganese
Fig. 4 handles the detection figure of root of bidentate achyranthes manganese accumulation for variable concentrations manganese.
The specific embodiment
The experiment soil types is a purple soil, and every basin is adorned native 2 kg, presses potted plant crop to nutrient demand (N 200 mgkg
-1, P
2O
5100 mgkg
-1, K
2O 150-200 mgkg
-1) add urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate 400,200,300 mgkg respectively
-18 processing are established in experiment altogether, are respectively: CK (manganese is not added in contrast), 3000,4000,5000,6000,7000,8000,9000 and 10000 mg/kg, and with MnCl
2.4H
2The form of O adds, and each handles 3 repetitions.Seed is pulled and put into to balance with 30 ℃ of emerge in worm water 8-12h, out container after 1 week, covers wet cloth and preserve moisture, and when treating 50% seed germination, takes out and admix an amount of fine earth, broadcasts sowing at the pollution by manganese upper soll layer, treat that the seed seedling all sprouts after, thinning, every basin stays 1 strain.According to soil water shortage status in the basin, irregularly water, soil moisture content is remained on about the 75-80% of field capacity, basin held plastic pallet is also refunded the soil moisture effusion in the basin, and the plant growth time is 3 months.
The root of bidentate achyranthes sample of results is rinsed well with running water repeatedly, removed and adhere to earth and the dirt on the plant sample, rinse well with deionized water then, blot surface water with blotting paper.Sample is divided into aerial part and root system, measures its plant height, root length and each several part fresh weight, bright appearance completed under 105 ℃ 30 minutes; Under 70 ℃, dry to constant weight then, measure its amount of dry matter, it is levigate to pulverize machine with stainless steel at last; Cross 60 order nylon mesh screens, supply assay determination to use.Plant sample is used HNO
3-HClO
4Digestion is with atomic absorption spectrophotometer manganese content wherein.
Adopt the computing of Microsoft Excel 2003 values of averaging and standard deviation, represent, and adopt least significant difference test (LSD check) to carry out the significance test of plant sample differences with the form of mean+SD.
Experimental result is following:
The influence that pollution by manganese is grown to the root of bidentate achyranthes.Can know referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, along with the rising of manganese concentration in the medium, except the long no significant change of root of bidentate achyranthes root, all significantly reductions of root, ground biomass and plant height (p 0.01), show in soil and add the g and D that manganese has suppressed the root of bidentate achyranthes.Compare with contrast, when manganese interpolation concentration was 3000 mg/kg, ground and root biomass had reduced 43% and 66% respectively, and plant height has reduced 24%; When manganese interpolation concentration was 4000 mg/kg, ground and root biomass had reduced 90% and 84% respectively, and plant height has reduced 67%, and after surpassing 4000 mg/kg, the root of bidentate achyranthes can't be survived.
The root of bidentate achyranthes is to the absorption of manganese.Can know that referring to Fig. 3 root of bidentate achyranthes aerial part manganese content raises along with the increase of manganese level of supply (p < 0.01), root system manganese content also increases (p < 0.05) simultaneously.When manganese interpolation concentration was 4000 mg/>kg, root of bidentate achyranthes aerial part manganese content was 18809.91 mg/kg, has far surpassed manganese super enriching plant critical content 10000 mg/kg standards.
Can know referring to table 1; The root of bidentate achyranthes has very strong absorption and accumulation ability to manganese; The biological concentration coefficient is meant the ratio of content of beary metal of the same race in interior certain content of beary metal of plant and the soil, and the reflection plant is to the accumulation ability of heavy metal-polluted soil element, and concentration coefficient is high more; Show that plant is just strong more to the absorption accumulation capability of heavy metal, just help extraction and the reparation of plant more heavy-metal contaminated soil.When manganese interpolation concentration was 3000 and 4000 mg/kg, the biological concentration coefficient was respectively 1.79 and 2.55, all greater than 1, shows that the root of bidentate achyranthes has possessed the concentration coefficient characteristic of manganese super enriching plant.
The root of bidentate achyranthes is to concentration coefficient, transfer ratio and the recovery rate of manganese under the different manganese concentration of treatment of table 1
Manganese concentration of treatment (mg/kg) | Concentration coefficient | Transfer ratio | Recovery rate (%) |
CK | ? | 2.13 | 0.15 |
3000 | 1.79 | 7.46 | 0.72 |
4000 | 2.55 | 9.07 | 0.19 |
Biological transfer ratio is meant the ratio of plant shoot content of beary metal and root content of beary metal, be used for estimating plant with heavy metal from the ability of root system to overground part transportation and accumulation.Biological transfer ratio is high more, and then heavy metal is just strong more from underground transport capacity to above-ground organs.Can know that referring to table 1 when manganese interpolation concentration was 3000 and 4000 mg/kg, biological transfer ratio was respectively 7.46 and 9.07,, meet the general features of super enriching plant accumulation metal all greater than 1.There is significant difference in the distribution of manganese in root of bidentate achyranthes overground part and root system, and the manganese that whole plant absorbs surpasses 95% and all is distributed in overground part, shows that the manganese that root of bidentate achyranthes root system absorbs has the very strong ability to the aerial part transhipment.
The recovery rate of heavy metal is meant the ratio of plant heavy metal accumulation and heavy metal in soil content, is one and is used for estimating the important indicator that super enriching plant extracts the restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal potentiality.Can know that referring to table 1 when manganese interpolation concentration was 3000 and 4000 mg/kg, recovery rate was respectively 0.72% and 0.19%, recovery rate reduces along with the rising of manganese concentration in the soil.
Can know referring to Fig. 4; Root of bidentate achyranthes overground part manganese cumulant (ug/ basin) is much larger than root (p < 0.01), and when manganese adds concentration when being 3000 mg/>kg, overground part and root manganese accumulation are respectively 77439.19 and 1463.61 ug/ basins; Overground part is 52.91 times of root; When manganese interpolation concentration was 4000 mg/kg, overground part and root manganese accumulation were reduced to 26521.98 and 1098.67 ug/ basins respectively, and overground part is 24.14 times of root.Therefore, through the overground part of results plant, also can reach the purpose of removing pollution by manganese in the soil.
Show through above-mentioned experimental result; The present invention adopts the plant root of bidentate achyranthes that manganese is had very strong enrichment and accumulation ability, and the root of bidentate achyranthes is planted on the pollution by manganese soil, and manganese interpolation concentration is 4000 mg/kg in soil; Root of bidentate achyranthes overground part manganese concentration is 18809.91 mg/kg; Far surpassed manganese super enriching plant critical content 10000 mg/kg standards, this moment, biological transfer ratio and concentration coefficient were respectively 9.07 and 2.55, had all reached the standard of manganese super enriching plant.After root of bidentate achyranthes maturation, will put in order the strain plant and remove and deal carefully with, thereby reach the purpose of removing Excessive Manganese in the soil from soil.On pollution by manganese soil, plant the root of bidentate achyranthes continuously, and constantly put in order the strain results and remove soil, manganese content reaches environmental safety standard in soil.Adopting the present invention can restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, can also beautify the environment, be the soil remediation technology of a kind of cheapness, green, safety.
Claims (4)
1. method of utilizing manganese super enriching plant root of bidentate achyranthes restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal; It is characterized in that: on pollution by manganese soil, plant the root of bidentate achyranthes; After root of bidentate achyranthes plant maturation, will put in order the strain plant and remove from contaminated soil, thus the purpose that realizes repairing pollution by manganese soil.
2. the method for utilizing manganese super enriching plant root of bidentate achyranthes restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said plant root of bidentate achyranthes is to use seminal propagation, and institute's platymiscium is the rich manganese plant.
3. the method for utilizing manganese super enriching plant root of bidentate achyranthes restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: before the root of bidentate achyranthes sowing with seed with 30 ℃ of emerge in worm water 8-12h; Pull and put into container out, cover wet cloth and preserve moisture, when treating 50% seed germination; Taking-up is also admixed an amount of fine earth, broadcasts sowing.
4. the method for utilizing manganese super enriching plant root of bidentate achyranthes restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: on pollution by manganese soil, plant the root of bidentate achyranthes, the root of bidentate achyranthes absorbs manganese and shifts to aerial part from contaminated soil, after root of bidentate achyranthes plant strain growth maturation; To put in order the strain plant removes from contaminated soil; Through the continuous plantation root of bidentate achyranthes, repeat aforesaid operations, the manganese content in soil reaches environmental safety standard.
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Cited By (6)
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CN104117528A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-10-29 | 西南科技大学 | Method for promoting sunflower cesium or/and strontium enrichment by use of plant growth regulator |
CN104550224A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-29 | 四川农业大学 | Method for removing lead from contaminated soil by virtue of taro leaf or achyranthes bidentata leaching |
CN104956884A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-07 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for planting suaeda salsa and extracting plant salt in low and medium manganese saline-alkali soil |
RU2618281C1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-05-03 | Владимир Владимирович Чертов | Method for extraction of metals from soil using biomass of plants |
CN111545194A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-08-18 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Carbon-based manganese composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115647025A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-01-31 | 陕西省西安植物园 | Application and method for restoring crude oil polluted soil by achyranthes bidentata |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104117528A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-10-29 | 西南科技大学 | Method for promoting sunflower cesium or/and strontium enrichment by use of plant growth regulator |
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CN111545194B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-04-27 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Carbon-based manganese composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115647025A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-01-31 | 陕西省西安植物园 | Application and method for restoring crude oil polluted soil by achyranthes bidentata |
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Application publication date: 20120815 |