CN102620661B - Tunnel settlement convergence detector and tunnel settlement convergence detection method - Google Patents
Tunnel settlement convergence detector and tunnel settlement convergence detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102620661B CN102620661B CN201210112710.4A CN201210112710A CN102620661B CN 102620661 B CN102620661 B CN 102620661B CN 201210112710 A CN201210112710 A CN 201210112710A CN 102620661 B CN102620661 B CN 102620661B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tunnel settlement convergence detector and a tunnel settlement convergence detection method. The detector comprises a detector main body, wherein a measuring device which is driven by a servo motor to rotate is arranged on the detector main body; the measuring device comprises a carrier; the carrier is connected to the detector main body through a rotary shaft; the rotary shaft is connected with an angle coder; and a laser interference distance meter and a gravity induction sensor with a level zero-degree output signal are arranged on the carrier. The method comprises the steps of original data detection and settlement convergence detection. The invention is simple in structure, convenient to operate, high in accuracy and high in stability, quick detection can be realized, one-time detection can be finished by only one person within a few minutes, time-saving and labor-saving effects are achieved, and the invention has an obvious technical progress; and meanwhile, the detection does not conflict with other engineering construction, all-weather real-time monitoring can be performed by using application software, and large settlement and instable settlement of a tunnel are early warned.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, particularly a kind of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument and detection method thereof, has realized by the Combination application of laser interference distance measuring equipment and gravity sensing device the fast detecting that tunnel subsidence is restrained.
Background technology
Be very crucial controlling factor in Construction of Tunnel road headroom, in excavation is controlled, how many whiles that the size of tunnel clearance has influence on out break side's amount also produce very large impact to two later lining thickness; Whether the section headroom that is directly connected to the tunnel after moulding in two linings invades limit.Therefore, the sedimentation convergence in tunnel is indispensable detection, and it can judge tunnel degree of stability, the unsafe factor in early warning tunnel, the generation of Accident prevention.At present, detection method is " the spirit-leveling instrument method of falling chi ", and it has higher precision, but operation is more loaded down with trivial details, need to be at tunnel top built-in fitting; Generally more dim in tunnel, affect the reading accuracy of levelling pole; Go out in tunnel in dregs process and can cause work each other to incur loss through delay, waste time and energy in this way.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument and detection method technical scheme thereof, this technical scheme has realized the fast detecting of tunnel subsidence convergence by the Combination application of laser interference distance measuring equipment and gravity sensing device.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument, comprise detector main body, in detector main body, be provided with a measurement mechanism being rotated by servo motor driven, described measurement mechanism comprises a carrier, described carrier is connected in detector main body by turning axle, described turning axle is connected with angular encoder, on described carrier, be provided with a laser interference stadimeter and a gravity sensing sensor with horizontal zero degree output signal, the laser beam axis that the sensitive axes of described gravity sensing sensor is sent with described laser interference stadimeter axial consistent; In described detector main body, be provided with microprocessor measuring and controlling, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and surveyor's staff; The axial laser beam axis of sending with described laser interference stadimeter of described surveyor's staff is to being 90 degree angle settings, and the output signal of described angular encoder, laser interference stadimeter, gravity sensing sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor is connected to respectively microprocessor measuring and controlling.
Described surveyor's staff is range estimation level tube.
A kind of tunnel subsidence convergence detection method, described method is the detection method realizing based on a kind of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument, described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument comprises detector main body, in detector main body, be provided with a measurement mechanism being rotated by servo motor driven, described measurement mechanism comprises a carrier, described carrier is connected in detector main body by turning axle, described turning axle is connected with angular encoder, on described carrier, be provided with a laser interference stadimeter and a gravity sensing sensor with horizontal zero degree output signal, the laser beam axis that the sensitive axes of described gravity sensing sensor is sent with described laser interference stadimeter axial consistent, in described detector main body, be provided with microprocessor measuring and controlling, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and surveyor's staff, the axial laser beam axis of sending with described laser interference stadimeter of described surveyor's staff is to being 90 degree angle settings, and the output signal of described angular encoder, laser interference stadimeter, gravity sensing sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor is connected to respectively microprocessor measuring and controlling, the step of described tunnel subsidence convergence detection method comprises raw data detecting step and sedimentation convergence detection step:
Described raw data detecting step comprises:
A. first described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument is fixed on to a side wall place in tunnel and records fixed origin;
B. the opposite side abutment wall towards tunnel by laser interference stadimeter, calibrated horizontal chi, makes detector turning axle in horizontality;
C. start the work of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument: microprocessor measuring and controlling is sent servo motor startup command, servo motor drives measurement mechanism to start rotation, and microprocessor measuring and controlling is waited for the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends;
D. when microprocessor measuring and controlling receives after the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends, the range data that laser interference stadimeter now of record records is tunnel the first width distance, and the angle that defines now angular encoder output is zero angle signal; Continue to rotate up measurement mechanism and read the oblique distance of laser interference stadimeter to tunnel top, a definition top point arbitrarily, read laser interference stadimeter to the oblique distance of a point arbitrarily described in tunnel top, the angle of record angular encoder output now, calculating any one point described in tunnel top by sine is tunnel the first vertical height to the horizontal vertical height of laser interference stadimeter, calculate laser interference stadimeter to tunnel width apart from described in the vertical some distance of tunnel the first vertical height;
Described sedimentation convergence detection step comprises to be obtained tunnel width convergence result step and obtains tunnel height convergence result step:
The described tunnel width convergence result step of obtaining is:
E. described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument is fixed on to the fixed origin place that the side wall in tunnel records, described fixed origin is the fixed origin of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument in described raw data detecting step;
F. the opposite side abutment wall towards tunnel by laser interference stadimeter, calibrated horizontal chi, makes detector turning axle in horizontality;
G. start the work of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument: microprocessor measuring and controlling is sent servo motor startup command, servo motor drives measurement mechanism to start rotation, and microprocessor measuring and controlling is waited for the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends; When microprocessor measuring and controlling receives after the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends, the range data that record laser interference stadimeter now records is tunnel the second width distance, and the angle that defines now angular encoder output is zero angle signal, tunnel the first width distance and tunnel the second width distance are subtracted each other, obtain tunnel width convergence result;
In tunnel width convergence, the convergence of both sides abutment wall is symmetrical, therefore the vertical point of the first vertical height of tunnel described in raw data detecting step is known distance to the distance of current laser interference stadimeter, and its computation process is: laser interference stadimeter described in raw data detecting step deducts 1/2nd width convergence distances to the vertical distance of described tunnel the first vertical height;
The described tunnel height convergence result step of obtaining is:
H. continue to rotate up measurement mechanism and read the oblique distance of laser interference stadimeter to tunnel top, distance according to the vertical point of known tunnel the first vertical height to current laser interference stadimeter, the angle of the angular encoder output of reading continuously and the laser interference stadimeter reading are continuously to the oblique distance of tunnel top, find the described top point arbitrarily on described vertical point by the cosine law, calculate now described in tunnel top any one point to the horizontal vertical height of laser interference stadimeter by sine or Pythagorean theorem, and be referred to as tunnel the second vertical height, tunnel the first vertical height and tunnel the second vertical height are subtracted each other, obtain tunnel height convergence result.
The present invention is compared with prior art: simple in structure, easy to operate, precision is high, good stability, can realize fast detecting; Complete one-time detection use other method more than one hour, at least need two people, and use this method only to need a people, only need a few minutes, time saving and energy saving, there is obvious technical progress; In testing process, do not conflict with Other Engineering construction simultaneously, mix application software and can carry out round-the-clock Real-Time Monitoring, have larger sedimentation, unstable sedimentation to carry out early warning to tunnel.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument profile schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is measuring process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument comprises detector main body 1, in detector main body, be provided with a measurement mechanism that is driven rotation by servo motor 2, described measurement mechanism comprises a carrier 3, described carrier is connected in detector main body by turning axle 4, described turning axle is connected with angular encoder 5, on described carrier, be provided with a laser interference stadimeter 6 and a gravity sensing sensor 7 with horizontal zero degree output signal, the laser beam axis that the sensitive axes of described gravity sensing sensor is sent with described laser interference stadimeter axial consistent, in described detector main body, be provided with microprocessor measuring and controlling 8, temperature sensor 9, humidity sensor 10 and surveyor's staff 11, the axial laser beam axis of sending with described laser interference stadimeter of described surveyor's staff is to being 90 degree angle settings, described angular encoder, laser interference stadimeter, gravity sensing sensor, the output signal of temperature sensor, humidity sensor is connected to respectively microprocessor measuring and controlling.Wherein said surveyor's staff is range estimation level tube, and described servo motor is driven by driving circuit 12 by microprocessor.
Detector main body in embodiment can conveniently be designed to various shape according to in-site measurement, the present embodiment is considered on-the-spot hand-held convenience, described detector main body includes a U-shaped framework 1-1, be provided with one on the sealing limit of U-shaped framework and facilitate hand-held handle 1-2, the power-supply battery of this instrument can be arranged in handle, is provided with one for locating the conehead 12 of initial point in the outer end of handle.Utilize this conehead this conehead can be snapped in the body of wall of tunnel one side in the time measuring, can locate initial point, can play again the effect of stable detection instrument main body.
The measuring and controlling of microprocessor described in embodiment includes a microprocessor 8-1, and microprocessor data mouth connects several button 8-2 for operating, and microprocessor data mouth also connects the display 8-3 for showing data; Temperature sensor wherein and humidity sensor are the Data corrections for laser interference stadimeter, and described laser interference stadimeter is the matured product of buying on market.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of tunnel subsidence convergence detection method, described method is the detection method realizing based on 1 one kinds of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument of embodiment, described in embodiment 1, tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument comprises detector main body, in detector main body, be provided with a measurement mechanism being rotated by servo motor driven, described measurement mechanism comprises a carrier, described carrier is connected in detector main body by turning axle, described turning axle is connected with angular encoder, on described carrier, be provided with a laser interference stadimeter and a gravity sensing sensor with horizontal zero degree output signal, the laser beam axis that the sensitive axes of described gravity sensing sensor is sent with described laser interference stadimeter axial consistent, in described detector main body, be provided with microprocessor measuring and controlling, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and surveyor's staff, the axial laser beam axis of sending with described laser interference stadimeter of described surveyor's staff is to being 90 degree angle settings, described angular encoder, laser interference stadimeter, gravity sensing sensor, the output signal of temperature sensor, humidity sensor is connected to respectively microprocessor measuring and controlling, the step of described tunnel subsidence convergence detection method comprises raw data detecting step and sedimentation convergence detection step:
Described raw data detecting step comprises:
A. first described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument is fixed on to a side wall place in tunnel and records fixed origin;
B. the opposite side abutment wall towards tunnel by laser interference stadimeter, calibrated horizontal chi, makes detector turning axle in horizontality;
C. start the work of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument: microprocessor measuring and controlling is sent servo motor startup command, servo motor drives measurement mechanism to start rotation, and microprocessor measuring and controlling is waited for the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends;
D. when microprocessor measuring and controlling receives after the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends, the range data that laser interference stadimeter now of record records is tunnel the first width distance, and the angle that defines now angular encoder output is zero angle signal; Continue to rotate up measurement mechanism and read the oblique distance of laser interference stadimeter to tunnel top, a definition top point arbitrarily, read laser interference stadimeter to the oblique distance of a point arbitrarily described in tunnel top, the angle of record angular encoder output now, calculating any one point described in tunnel top by sine is tunnel the first vertical height to the horizontal vertical height of laser interference stadimeter, calculate laser interference stadimeter to tunnel width apart from described in the vertical some distance of tunnel the first vertical height;
Described sedimentation convergence detection step comprises to be obtained tunnel width convergence result step and obtains tunnel height convergence result step:
The described tunnel width convergence result step of obtaining is:
E. described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument is fixed on to the fixed origin place that the side wall in tunnel records, described fixed origin is the fixed origin of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument in described raw data detecting step;
F. the opposite side abutment wall towards tunnel by laser interference stadimeter, calibrated horizontal chi, makes detector turning axle in horizontality;
G. start the work of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument: microprocessor measuring and controlling is sent servo motor startup command, servo motor drives measurement mechanism to start rotation, and microprocessor measuring and controlling is waited for the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends; When microprocessor measuring and controlling receives after the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends, the range data that record laser interference stadimeter now records is tunnel the second width distance, and the angle that defines now angular encoder output is zero angle signal, tunnel the first width distance and tunnel the second width distance are subtracted each other, obtain tunnel width convergence result;
In tunnel width convergence, the convergence of both sides abutment wall is symmetrical, therefore the vertical point of the first vertical height of tunnel described in raw data detecting step is known distance to the distance of current laser interference stadimeter, and its computation process is: laser interference stadimeter described in raw data detecting step deducts 1/2nd width convergence distances to the vertical distance of described tunnel the first vertical height;
The described tunnel height convergence result step of obtaining is:
H. continue to rotate up measurement mechanism and read the oblique distance of laser interference stadimeter to tunnel top, distance according to the vertical point of known tunnel the first vertical height to current laser interference stadimeter, the angle of the angular encoder output of reading continuously and the laser interference stadimeter reading are continuously to the oblique distance of tunnel top, find the described top point arbitrarily on described vertical point by the cosine law, calculate now described in tunnel top any one point to the horizontal vertical height of laser interference stadimeter by sine or Pythagorean theorem, and be referred to as tunnel the second vertical height, tunnel the first vertical height and tunnel the second vertical height are subtracted each other, obtain tunnel height convergence result.
In embodiment, the range data of laser interference stadimeter is the data after scene temperature, humidity correcting, and its distance-finding method is a kind of known method.
Fig. 4 is the vivid signal that on-the-spot tunnel convergence is measured, and specifically describes as follows:
Side amount data are for the first time: the A of abutment wall place that instrument O is placed in to tunnel, adjusting instrument direction makes surveyor's staff level tube bubble placed in the middle, after can first setting rotational angle (< CAB) after start, start measurement, maybe need not input angle microprocessor and directly send measurement instruction, microprocessor drives servo motor to drive measurement mechanism to rotate by driving circuit, the horizontal situation of gravity sensing Sensor monitoring measurement mechanism, in the time of measurement mechanism level, gravity sensing sensor sends measurement mechanism at horizontal signal to microprocessor, microprocessor activates the work of laser interference distance measuring equipment, laser interference distance measuring equipment is measured A point to along horizontal direction B point distance A B, microprocessor records data, according to weather station (temperature sensor, humidity sensor) data after overcorrect, finally obtain AB distance value data and storage, servo motor continues to drive measurement mechanism to rotate, in the time that the angle of angular encoder output is identical with start setting rotational angle (< CAB), microprocessor makes servo motor stop operating after receiving this angle-data, laser interference distance measuring equipment is measured A point to C point distance A C, microprocessor records AC range data finally obtains AC distance value data storage after overcorrect according to the data of weather station.Directly send measurement instruction mode if need not input in advance angle: servo motor driven measurement mechanism rotates, the horizontal situation of gravity sensing Sensor monitoring measurement mechanism, in the time of measurement mechanism level, gravity sensing sensor sends trigger pip to microprocessor, microprocessor activates laser interference distance measuring equipment after receiving signal, laser interference distance measuring equipment is measured A point to along horizontal direction B point distance A B, microprocessor records data finally obtain AB range data value storage after overcorrect according to the data of weather station; Servo motor continues to drive measurement mechanism to rotate, after rotating to an angle, defining top any point presses control knob it is stopped operating, laser interference distance measuring equipment is measured A point C point distance A C, microprocessor records data, after overcorrect, finally obtain AC distance value data storage according to the data of weather station, the angle (< CAB) that angular encoder output measurement mechanism turns over, microprocessor records storage range data and angle-data.
According to the following formula of these data:
Height CD=AC × the sinCAB of tunnel top any point;
Calculate the distance A D of laser interference distance measuring equipment to the intersection point point of the height of tunnel top any point;
AD=AC×cosCAB；
Sedimentation convergence detection is: instrument is placed on the location point of measuring for the first time, adjusting instrument direction makes level tube bubble placed in the middle, microprocessor sends measurement instruction, servo motor driven measurement mechanism rotates, the horizontal situation of gravity sensing device monitoring measurement mechanism, in the time of measurement mechanism level, gravity sensing sensor sends trigger pip to microprocessor, microprocessor activates laser interference distance measuring equipment, laser interference distance measuring equipment is measured A ' point to putting distance A along horizontal direction B ' ' B ', microprocessor records data, after overcorrect, finally obtain A ' B ' distance value data storage according to the data of weather station, calculate width convergence data and calculate the distance of A ' point to D, servo motor continues to drive measurement mechanism to rotate, in the time that angular encoder output angle approaches output angle last time (< CAB), instrument enters fine setting state, measurement mechanism slow rotation, constantly adjust according to the distance of known A ' D the distance that angular encoder output angle laser ranging system continuous coverage A ' point is put to top, the uninterrupted output angle value of angular encoder, microprocessor records processes these data until distance=A ' C ' × cosC ' A ' B ' of A ' D.
The settlement point that C ' is C, calculates height C ' D=A ' C ' × sinC ' A ' B ' now;
The prerequisite of the above results be two abutment wall convergency value approximately equals (actual result be also approximately equal):
AA’=BB’
Can obtain convergency value
AA’=(AB-A’B’)/2;
Again
A’D=AD-AA’
Therefore with the sedimentation value measuring be for the second time for the first time:
CC’=CD-C’D；
The sedimentation convergency value that three observation, four observations etc. are repeatedly observed the like, its mathematic(al) representation is:
E=Ne-(N-1)e；
F=Nf-(N-1)f；
E represents sedimentation convergency value,
Ne represents while detection for the n time that tunnel top is to the vertical range of instrument,
(N-1) e detects the vertical range of interval scale tunnel top to instrument for the n-1 time,
F represents width convergency value,
Nf represents the n time inspection time keeping instrument horizontal range to abutment wall,
(N-1) f represents the n-1 time inspection time keeping instrument horizontal range to abutment wall.
Claims (1)
1. a tunnel subsidence convergence detection method, it is characterized in that, described method is the detection method realizing based on a kind of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument, described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument comprises detector main body, in detector main body, be provided with a measurement mechanism being rotated by servo motor driven, described measurement mechanism comprises a carrier, described carrier is connected in detector main body by turning axle, described turning axle is connected with angular encoder, on described carrier, be provided with a laser interference stadimeter and a gravity sensing sensor with horizontal zero degree output signal, the laser beam axis that the sensitive axes of described gravity sensing sensor is sent with described laser interference stadimeter axial consistent, in described detector main body, be provided with microprocessor measuring and controlling, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and surveyor's staff, the axial laser beam axis of sending with described laser interference stadimeter of described surveyor's staff is to being 90 degree angle settings, and the output signal of described angular encoder, laser interference stadimeter, gravity sensing sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor is connected to respectively microprocessor measuring and controlling, the step of described tunnel subsidence convergence detection method comprises raw data detecting step and sedimentation convergence detection step:
Described raw data detecting step comprises:
A. first described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument is fixed on to a side wall place in tunnel and records fixed origin;
B. the opposite side abutment wall towards tunnel by laser interference stadimeter, calibrated horizontal chi, makes detector turning axle in horizontality;
C. start the work of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument: microprocessor measuring and controlling is sent servo motor startup command, servo motor drives measurement mechanism to start rotation, and microprocessor measuring and controlling is waited for the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends;
D. when microprocessor measuring and controlling receives after the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends, the range data that laser interference stadimeter now of record records is tunnel the first width distance, and the angle that defines now angular encoder output is zero angle signal; Continue to rotate up measurement mechanism and read the oblique distance of laser interference stadimeter to tunnel top, a definition top point arbitrarily, read laser interference stadimeter to the oblique distance of a point arbitrarily described in tunnel top, the angle of record angular encoder output now, calculating any one point described in tunnel top by sine is tunnel the first vertical height to the horizontal vertical height of laser interference stadimeter, by sine calculate laser interference stadimeter to tunnel width apart from described in the vertical some distance of tunnel the first vertical height;
Described sedimentation convergence detection step comprises to be obtained tunnel width convergence result step and obtains tunnel height convergence result step:
The described tunnel width convergence result step of obtaining is:
E. described tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument is fixed on to the fixed origin place that the side wall in tunnel records, described fixed origin is the fixed origin of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument in described raw data detecting step;
F. the opposite side abutment wall towards tunnel by laser interference stadimeter, calibrated horizontal chi, makes detector turning axle in horizontality;
G. start the work of tunnel subsidence convergence detection instrument: microprocessor measuring and controlling is sent servo motor startup command, servo motor drives measurement mechanism to start rotation, and microprocessor measuring and controlling is waited for the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends; When microprocessor measuring and controlling receives after the horizontal zero degree output signal that gravity sensing sensor sends, the range data that record laser interference stadimeter now records is tunnel the second width distance, and the angle that defines now angular encoder output is zero angle signal, tunnel the first width distance and tunnel the second width distance are subtracted each other, obtain tunnel width convergence result;
Because the convergence of both sides abutment wall in tunnel width convergence is symmetrical, therefore laser interference stadimeter described in raw data detecting step is known distance to the vertical distance of described tunnel the first vertical height, and the vertical point of described tunnel the first vertical height to the distance computation process of current laser interference stadimeter is: laser interference stadimeter described in raw data detecting step deducts 1/2nd width convergence distances to the vertical distance of described tunnel the first vertical height;
The described tunnel height convergence result step of obtaining is:
H. continue to rotate up measurement mechanism and read the oblique distance of laser interference stadimeter to tunnel top, distance according to the vertical point of known tunnel the first vertical height to current laser interference stadimeter, the angle of the angular encoder output of reading continuously and the laser interference stadimeter reading are continuously to the oblique distance of tunnel top, due to laser interference stadimeter, described top on described vertical point and the point that hangs down arbitrarily 3 lines of a point is right-angle triangle, find the described top point arbitrarily on described vertical point by the cosine law, calculate now described in tunnel top any one point to the horizontal vertical height of laser interference stadimeter by sine or Pythagorean theorem, and be referred to as tunnel the second vertical height, tunnel the first vertical height and tunnel the second vertical height are subtracted each other, obtain tunnel height convergence result.
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