CN102608083A - 基于光学的传感装置 - Google Patents

基于光学的传感装置 Download PDF

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CN102608083A
CN102608083A CN2011104478127A CN201110447812A CN102608083A CN 102608083 A CN102608083 A CN 102608083A CN 2011104478127 A CN2011104478127 A CN 2011104478127A CN 201110447812 A CN201110447812 A CN 201110447812A CN 102608083 A CN102608083 A CN 102608083A
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circuit board
sensing apparatus
radiation source
photoelectric sensing
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小A·E·科尔文
C·J·奥康纳
A·D·德埃尼斯
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Sensors for Medicine and Science Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0031Implanted circuitry
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0082Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
    • A61B5/0084Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/07Endoradiosondes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6847Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
    • A61B5/6861Capsules, e.g. for swallowing or implanting
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02Operational features
    • A61B2560/0204Operational features of power management
    • A61B2560/0214Operational features of power management of power generation or supply
    • A61B2560/0219Operational features of power management of power generation or supply of externally powered implanted units
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N2021/7769Measurement method of reaction-produced change in sensor
    • G01N2021/7786Fluorescence

Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于检测分析物的存在或者浓度的光电传感装置。更具体地说,本发明涉及具有如下特征的基于光学的传感装置:其是完全自包含的,具有光滑和圆的长圆形、卵形或者椭圆形形状(例如豆形或者药用胶囊形),并且具有允许该装置植入人体中以现场检测各种分析物的尺寸。本发明的传感装置包括传感装置外壳,电路板、辐射源和光检测器安装在该外壳中。辐射源在所述电路板的上方安装在支撑构件的侧面上。作为选择,其上安装有光检测器、滤波器和辐射源的基座连接在所述电路板的端部位置处。

Description

基于光学的传感装置
本申请是申请日为2006年3月29日、申请号为200680021119.0、发明名称为“基于光学的传感装置”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于检测液体或者气体介质中分析物的存在或者浓度的光电传感装置。更具体地说,本发明涉及(但在所有情形均不是必须局限于)基于光学的传感装置,其特征在于,它是完全自包含的,具有光滑和圆的长圆形、卵形或者椭圆形形状(例如豆形或者药用胶囊形),并且具有允许该装置植入人体中以现场检测各种分析物的尺寸。
背景技术
美国专利No.5517313描述了基于荧光的传感装置,其包括示踪剂分子(indicator molecules)和诸如光检测器等光敏元件,该专利所公开的内容包含在此引作参考。一般说来,在本发明的技术领域范围内,示踪剂分子是如下分子,即,其一种或者多种光学特性受局部存在的分析物的影响。在根据美国专利No.5517313的装置中,诸如发光二极管(“LED”)的光源至少部分位于含有荧光示踪剂分子的材料层中,或者作为选择,至少部分位于波导层中,以至于光源发出的辐射(光)照在示踪剂分子上并导致示踪剂分子发出荧光。高通滤波器在过滤掉来自光源的散射光的同时允许由示踪剂分子发出的荧光到达光敏元件(光检测器)。
用在美国专利No.5517313所述装置中的示踪剂分子的荧光是已被局部存在的分析物调制过的,即,被衰减或者加强。例如,复合三(4,7-二苯1-1,10-邻二氮杂菲)钌(II)高氯酸盐(complextris(4,7-dipheny 1-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)perchlorate)的橘红荧光被局部存在的氧气减弱。因此,这种复合物可以有利地用作氧气传感器中的示踪剂分子。其荧光属性受其它各种分析物影响的示踪剂分子也是公知的。
此外,如下示踪剂分子也是公知的,其吸收光且吸收水平受分析物的存在或者浓度的影响。例如,参见美国专利No.5512246,该专利公开了其光谱响应被局部存在的诸如糖等多羟基化合物削弱的组合物,该专利公开的内容包含在此引作参考。然而可以相信,这种吸收光的示踪剂分子此前还未用在如美国专利No.5517313所教导的传感器构造或者本文所教导的传感器构造中。
在美国专利No.5517313所述的传感器中,包含示踪剂分子的材料对于分析物是可渗透的。因此,分析物可以从周围的测试介质扩散到这种材料中,从而影响示踪剂分子的荧光性。光源、包含示踪剂分子的基体材料、高通滤波器和光检测器构造为使得示踪剂分子发出的荧光对光检测器产生影响,以至于产生用于表示分析物在周围介质中的浓度的电信号。
美国专利No.5517313所述的传感装置代表了对构成该专利现有技术的装置的显著改进。然而,仍然需要能允许在极其重要的环境-人体中检测各种分析物的传感器。并且,进一步的改进已经在该领域中进行,这种改进已经产生了或多或少的有效装置。
美国专利No.6400974和No.6711423都描述了被设计用于人体中的包括示踪剂分子和光敏元件的基于荧光的传感装置,这些专利公开的内容包含在此引作参考。
发明内容
在一个方面,本发明提供了一种光电传感装置。在一个具体实施方式中,该传感装置包括:外壳,其具有外表面;多个示踪剂分子,其位于外壳的外表面的至少一部分上;电路板,其容纳在外壳中;支撑构件,其具有侧面,所述侧面位于与电路板的顶侧所在的平面大致垂直的平面上;辐射源,其安装在支撑构件的所述侧面上,并且位于电路板的顶侧之上的一段距离处;以及光检测器,其与电路板相连,用于检测示踪剂分子的响应。
有利的是,为了便于支撑构件安装到电路板上,电路板可以在其顶侧具有凹槽,并且支撑构件可以具有插入所述凹槽中的端部。
所述传感装置还可以包括反射器,该反射器与辐射源间隔开,并且具有面向辐射源的反射侧。光检测器可以设置在辐射源和反射器的反射侧之间的区域下方的位置处。
在另一个实施方式中,所述传感装置包括:外壳,其具有外表面;多个示踪剂分子,其位于外壳的外表面的至少一部分上;电路板,其容纳在外壳中;光检测器,其具有顶侧和底侧,其中,该光检测器与电路板上的电路电连接,并且至少该光检测器的顶侧是光敏的;滤波器,其具有顶侧和底侧,所述底侧设置在光检测器的顶侧的上方;以及辐射源,其设置在滤波器的顶侧的上方。
在一些实施方式中,所述传感装置还可以包括基座,该基座具有顶侧和底侧,其中,基座的底侧与电路板的端部相连,并且光检测器的底侧安装在该基座的顶侧上。优选的是,该基座的顶侧位于与电路板的顶侧所在的平面大致垂直的平面中,并且光检测器的顶侧大致平行于该基座的顶侧。为了便于将基座安装到电路板上,基座的底侧可以具有凹槽,电路板的端部可以插入所述凹槽中。
在其它构造中,光检测器的顶侧位于与电路板的顶侧所在的平面大致平行的平面中。此外,可以在辐射源和滤波器之间设置不透射(不透光)基座。该基座可以由钼制成。
下面,参考附图详细描述本发明的上述和其它特征和优势以及本发明优选实施方式的结构和工作方式。
附图说明
包含在此且形成说明书一部分的附图与说明书一起帮助说明本发明的各种实施方式,并且还用于解释本发明的原理和使本领域的技术人员实现和利用本发明。在附图中,相同的附图标记表示相同的或者功能类似的元件。另外,附图标记最左边的数字标识出该附图标记在该附图中首次出现。
图1是根据本发明实施方式的一种基于荧光的传感器的示意性剖视图。
图2是根据本发明另一实施方式的一种基于荧光的传感器的示意性剖视图。
图3是根据本发明实施方式的一种电路板的顶部透视图。
图4是根据本发明另一实施方式的一种基于荧光的传感器的示意性剖视图。
图5是根据本发明实施方式的一种组件的顶部透视图。
图6是根据本发明另一实施方式的一种基于荧光的传感器的示意性剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1是根据本发明实施方式的一种基于光学的传感器(简称传感器)110的示意性剖视图,该传感器基于荧光示踪剂分子116的荧光而工作。如图所示,传感器110包括传感器外壳112。传感器外壳112可以由适当的光学透射聚合物材料构成。优选的聚合物材料包括但不限于诸如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)等丙烯酸类聚合物。
传感器110还可以包括涂覆在传感器外壳112的至少一部分外表面上的基体层114,并且荧光示踪剂分子116分布在整个层114上(层114可以涂覆外壳112的所有或者部分表面)。
传感器110还包括辐射源118,例如发光二极管(LED)或者其它发出射线的辐射源,该射线包括与示踪剂分子116互相作用的在一定波长范围的射线。例如,在基于荧光的传感器的情形下,辐射源118发射出会导致示踪剂分子116发出荧光的波长的射线。传感器110还包括光检测器120(例如光电二极管、光电晶体管、光敏电阻或者其它光敏元件),在基于荧光的传感器的情形下,光检测器120对示踪剂分子116发出的荧光是敏感的,以至于光检测器120作出响应而产生表明示踪剂分子的荧光水平的信号。图1中示出了两个光检测器120a和120b,以说明传感器110可以具有不止一个光检测器。可以利用例如Nichia Corporation(www.nichia.com)制造的型号为EU-U32SB的LED充当辐射源118。根据用于传感器110的特定示踪剂分子以及所关注的待检测的特定分析物,可以采用其它的LED。
示踪剂分子116可以涂覆在传感器本体的表面上,或者可以包含在基体层114内(如图1所示),基体层114包括根据本领域公知的方法制备且涂覆在传感器外壳112表面上的生物适应性聚合物基体。对于分析物优选可渗透的适当的生物适应性基体材料包括一些甲基丙烯酸盐(例如HEMA)和水凝胶,这些材料可以被有利地制成为尤其对于分析物可以选择性地渗透,也就是说,它们具有分子重量分离的功能。
传感器110可以是完全自包含的。换句话说,传感器优选以如下方式构建,即,使得没有电导线伸入或者伸出传感器外壳112来给传感器提供能量(例如,用于驱动辐射源118)或者从传感器传输信号。然而,传感器110可以由外部能源(未示出)提供能量,这在本领域是公知的。例如,外部能源可以产生磁场以在感应元件142(例如,铜线圈或者其它感应元件)中通过感应而产生电流。此外,电路166可以利用感应元件142给外部数据读取器传送信息。电路166可以包括分立电路元件、集成电路(例如,特定用途集成电路(ASIC))元件,和/或其它电子元件。外部电源和数据读取机可以是相同的装置。
在可选实施方式中,传感器110可以由内部的自包含能源提供能量,例如微型电池、微型发电机和/或其它能源。
如图1所示,传感器110的许多光电元件都固定在电路板170上。电路板170在传感器110的各个元件之间提供了通信路径。
仍然如图1所示,诸如高通滤波器或者带通滤波器等光学滤波器134a和134b可以分别覆在光检测器120a和120b的光敏侧上。滤波器134a可以大致降低辐射源118产生的辐射量,或者防止该辐射照在光检测器120a的光敏侧135上。同时,滤波器134a允许由荧光示踪剂分子116发出的荧光穿过而照在光检测器120a的光敏侧135上。这有效地减少了光检测器的信号中因为辐射源118的入射辐射而产生的“噪音”。
根据本发明的一个方面,传感器110被研制用在测量人体中的各种生物分析物的应用上(虽然决不是传感器110适用的仅仅一种应用)。例如,传感器110可以用来测量葡萄糖、氧气、毒素、医药品或者其它药物、荷尔蒙和人体中的其它代谢性分析物。基体层114和示踪剂分子116的特定组分可以根据传感器用来检测的具体分析物和/或传感器用来检测的分析物所处的位置(即,在血液中或者在皮下组织中)而改变。然而,优选的是,基体层114(如果存在的话)应该便于将示踪剂分子暴露于分析物。并且,优选的是,示踪剂分子的光学特性(例如,荧光示踪剂分子的荧光水平)是该示踪剂分子将要暴露于其中的特定分析物的浓度的函数。
为了便于现场用在人体中,外壳112优选地形成有光滑、长圆形或者圆形的形状。有利的是,外壳112具有与蚕豆或者药用明胶胶囊相近似的形状和尺寸,也就是说,外壳112的长度L近似为大约500微米到大约0.85英寸,直径D近似为大约300微米到大约0.3英寸,并且具有整体上大致光滑的圆形表面。这种构造允许传感器110被植入人体,即皮肤或者下面的组织(包括器官或者血管)中,而不妨碍必要的身体机能或者导致过度的疼痛或不适。
在一些实施方式中,外壳的优选长度是大约0.5英寸到0.85英寸,优选直径是大约0.1英寸到0.11英寸。
在图1所示的实施方式中,辐射源118关于电路板170的顶侧171高架着。更具体地说,在图示实施方式中,辐射源118固定在支撑构件174上,支撑构件174的作用在于将辐射源118高架在顶侧171之上和将辐射源118与电路板170上的电路电连接,以至于能量可以传递给辐射源118。辐射源118和顶侧171之间的距离(d)通常在0和0.030英寸之间。优选的是,距离(d)在0.010和0.020英寸之间。支撑构件174可以是电路板。电路板170可以具有用于容纳支撑构件174的近端173的凹槽180。该特征还在作为电路板170的顶部透视图的图3中示出了。
在一些实施方式中,支撑构件174可以包括布置在其表面上且与辐射源118电连接的电触点158(例如导电衬垫或者其它用于导电的装置)。电触点158与相应的电触点157电连接,电触点157可以经由电互连件159(例如,电路布线或者其它传输线)布置在凹槽180中。电触点157可以与电路166或者电路板170上的其它电路电连接。此外,在一些实施方式中,存在从电路166到辐射源118的电通路。
仍然如图1所示,反射器176可以连接在电路板170的端部。优选的是,反射器176按如下方式连接在电路板170上,即,其使得反射器176的表面部分177大致垂直于顶侧171和辐射源118。优选的是,表面177反射由辐射源118发射出的射线。例如,表面177可以具有布置在其上的辐射涂层,或者表面177可以由反射材料构成。
现在谈及光检测器120,光检测器120优选地布置在顶侧171的位于辐射源118和反射器176之间的区域之下。例如,在一些实施方式中,光检测器120安装在电路板170的底侧175的如下位置处,即,其位于辐射源118和反射器176之间的区域的下方。在光检测器120安装在电路板170的底侧175上的实施方式中,用于每个光检测器120的孔优选地穿过电路板170而形成。这显示在图3中。如图3所示,两个孔301a和301b已经形成在电路板170中,从而为光提供从示踪剂分子116到每个光检测器120的通路。电路板170中的孔可以通过例如钻孔、激光切削等方法形成。优选的是,每个光检测器120设置为使得进入孔中的光有可能照在光检测器120的光敏侧上,如图1所示。这种技术也减少了照在光检测器120上的环境光的量。
仍然如图1所示,电路板170中的每个孔都可以容纳滤波器134,以至于光仅仅可以通过穿过相应的滤波器134到达光检测器120。光检测器120的底侧和所有侧可以涂覆有阻挡黑光的环氧树脂190以进一步减少照在光检测器120上的环境光的量。
在一个实施方式中,光检测器120a用来产生与示踪剂分子116发出或者吸收的光相应的信号,光检测器120b用来产生参考信号。在该实施方式中,荧光元件154可以设置在滤波器134b的顶部。优选的是,荧光元件154发出预定波长的荧光。荧光元件154可以由铽或者发出该预定波长的荧光的其它荧光元件制成。在该实施方式中,滤波器134a和134b过滤不同波长的光。例如,滤波器134a可以过滤400nm以下的波长,波器134b可以过滤500nm以下的波长。
现在参考图2,图2示出了根据本发明另一实施方式的传感器210。如图2所示,传感器210与传感器110类似。主要的不同之处在于,反射器176由支撑构件202代替,支撑构件202与电路板170的端部194相连,并且辐射源118固定在支撑构件202上。在该实施方式中,支撑构件174由反射器209代替。与反射器176一样,反射器209具有面向辐射源118的反射面211。此外,光检测器120a可以与光检测器120b交换位置,并且滤波器134a可以与滤波器134b交换位置,以至于光检测器120a仍然更靠近辐射源118。荧光元件154也可以被重新定位,以至于它仍然位于滤波器134b的顶部。
如图1和图2所示,在一些实施方式中,示踪剂分子116可以仅仅设置在位于区域193上方的区域中,区域193处于辐射源118和反射器176之间。
现在参考图4,图4是根据本发明另一实施方式的一种基于光学的传感器410的示意性剖视图。传感器410包括许多与传感器110相同的部件。然而,辐射源118、光检测器120a和滤波器134a在传感器410中的布置不同于在传感器110中的布置。
如图4所示,基座412安装在电路板170的端部413上。基座412的顶侧414和底侧416都可以位于与电路板170的顶侧171所在的平面大致垂直的平面中。底侧416可以具有用于容纳电路板170的端部413的凹槽418。凹槽418便于将基座412固定到电路板170上。
光检测器120a可以安装在基座412的顶侧414上。优选的是,光检测器120a以如下方式安装在基座412上,即,使得光检测器120a的光敏侧135位于与电路板170的顶侧171所在的平面大致垂直并且与顶侧414面向同一方向的平面中。
滤波器134a优选地设置在光检测器120a的光敏侧135的上方,以至于照在光敏侧135上的所有或者大部分光必须首先穿过滤波器134a。滤波器134a可以固定地安装到光检测器120a上。例如,一种折射率(RI)匹配的环氧树脂501(参见图5)可以用来将滤波器134a固定到光检测器120a上。
在一些实施方式中,基座412可以包括至少两个布置在其上(例如,在顶侧414上)的电触点。例如,如图4所示,第一电触点471和第二电触点472布置在基座412的顶侧414上。电线473(或者其它电连接件)优选地将光检测器120a与电触点471相连,电线474(或者其它电连接件)优选地将辐射源118与电触点472相连。电触点471经由电互连件476电连接到相应的电触点475上。与此类似,电触点472经由电互连件478电连接到相应的电触点477上。电触点475、477优选地布置在电路板170的被插入凹槽418的端部上。电触点475、477可以与电路166或者电路板170上的其它电路电连接。因此,在一些实施方式中,基座412提供从电路166到辐射源118和/或光检测器120a的一部分电通路。
现在参考图5,图5进一步示出了光检测器120a、滤波器134a和辐射源118的布置。如图4和图5所示,辐射源118安装在滤波器134a的顶侧467上。因此,如图4和图5所示,光检测器120a、滤波器134a和辐射源118是对齐的。也就是说,如图5所示,滤波器134a和辐射源118都布置在如下区域中,即,其位于光检测器120a的光敏侧135的至少一部分的上方。
优选的是,非透射(非透明)且非半透射(非半透明)的基座431布置在辐射源118和滤波器134a之间。不透射(不透光)基座431的作用是防止辐射源118发出的光照在滤波器134a的顶侧467上。基座431可以是金包覆钼的微型集成封装体(molytab)或者其它不透射(不透光)结构。环氧树脂555可以用来将辐射源118固定到基座431上以及将基座431固定到滤波器134a上。
优选的是,在该实施方式中,辐射源118按如下方式构造和定向,即,如图4和图5所示,使得从其发出的大部分光沿着背离顶侧467的方向传输。例如,在所示实施方式中,光主要被朝向外壳102的端部491引导。优选的是,示踪剂分子116位于端部491上,以至于示踪剂分子116将接收辐射源118所发出的辐射。如上所述,示踪剂分子116对接收的辐射作出响应,并且在示踪剂分子116的区域中该响应是被测量分析物的浓度的函数。光检测器120a检测该响应。
现在参考图6,图6是根据本发明另一实施方式的一种基于光学的传感器610的示意性剖视图。传感器610包括许多与传感器110相同的部件。并且,传感器610与传感器410的相似之处在于,在传感器610中,光检测器120a、滤波器134a和辐射源118优选是对齐的。此外,如图6所示,与传感器410一样,在传感器610中,滤波器134a可以固定地安装到光检测器120a的光敏侧135上,辐射源118可以固定地安装到滤波器134a的顶侧467上,并且光检测器120a、滤波器134a和辐射源118组件可以相邻地位于外壳102的端部491。
然而,辐射源118、光检测器120a和滤波器134a在传感器610中的方向不同于在传感器410中的方向。例如,在传感器610中,光检测器120a的光敏侧135面对的方向大致垂直于外壳102的纵轴。此外,在传感器610中,滤波器134a和/或光检测器120a直接固定在电路板170上,以至于可以取消基座412。在所示实施方式中,滤波器134a和/或光检测器120a直接固定在电路板170的端部413上。
在上述一个或者多个实施方式中,外壳102可以充满使外壳102中容纳的部件能够到处移动的材料。例如,在电路板170和连接在电路板170上的部件插入外壳102之前或者之后,外壳102可以充满光学环氧树脂。可以采用由马萨诸塞州的EpoxyTechnology of Billerica制造的EPO-TEK 301-2型环氧树脂和/或其它环氧树脂。
虽然上面已经描述了本发明的各种实施方式及其变型,但是可以认识到,它们仅仅是作为示例而非限制性的说明。因此,本发明的宽度和范围不受上述任何一个示例性实施方式的限制,而仅由下述权利要求和其等同物进行限定。

Claims (18)

1.一种光电传感装置,其用于检测分析物的存在或者浓度,包括:
外壳,其具有外表面;
多个示踪剂分子,其位于所述外壳的外表面的至少一部分上;
电路板,其容纳在所述外壳中;
第一光检测器,其与电路板相连,用于检测示踪剂分子的响应;
第二光检测器,其与电路板相连,用于检测参考用荧光元件的响应;
辐射源,其安置在第一和第二光检测器的光敏侧上方一段距离处;以及
反射器,其与所述辐射源间隔开并且安装在所述电路板上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光电传感装置,还包括第一和第二光学滤波器,它们分别覆盖着第一和第二光检测器的光敏侧。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光电传感装置,其中,电路板具有延伸穿过其中的第一和第二孔,第一和第二光学滤波器分别安置在所述第一和第二孔中,并且第一和第二光检测器分别在所述第一和第二孔下方安装于电路板的底侧。
4.根据权利要求3所述的光电传感装置,其中,第一和第二光检测器的非光敏侧覆盖有阻挡黑光的环氧树脂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的光电传感装置,其中,参考用荧光元件由铽制成。
6.根据权利要求3所述的光电传感装置,其中,参考用荧光元件设置在第二光学滤波器的顶部,并且发出预定波长的荧光。
7.根据权利要求2所述的光电传感装置,其中,第一和第二光学滤波器过滤不同波长的光。
8.根据权利要求1所述的光电传感装置,还包括支撑构件,其一侧所在平面大致垂直于电路板的顶侧所在平面;
其中,辐射源安装在支撑构件的所述一侧上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的光电传感装置,其中,电路板在其顶侧具有凹槽,并且所述支撑构件具有插入所述凹槽中的端部。
10.根据权利要求8所述的光电传感装置,其中,在所述支撑构件的表面上设置有第一电触点,辐射源与所述电触点电连接。
11.根据权利要求10所述的光电传感装置,其中,第一电触点与设置在电路板上的第二电触点电连接。
12.根据权利要求11所述的光电传感装置,还包括布置在支撑构件上或者内部的电路布线,所述电路布线用于将所述第一电触点与第二电触点电连接。
13.根据权利要求1所述的光电传感装置,其中,所述距离在大约0.010英寸和0.030英寸之间的范围内。
14.根据权利要求1所述的光电传感装置,其中,所述反射器具有面向辐射源的反射侧。
15.根据权利要求14所述的光电传感装置,其中,第一和第二光检测器安置在辐射源与反射器的反射侧之间的区域下方位置处。
16.根据权利要求15所述的光电传感装置,其中,第一和第二光检测器的光敏侧所面对的方向大致垂直于所述反射器的反射侧所面对的方向
17.根据权利要求16所述的光电传感装置,其中,第一和第二光检测器的光敏侧安置在电路板的顶侧的下方。
18.一种光电传感装置,其用于检测分析物的存在或者浓度,包括:
外壳,其具有外表面;
多个示踪剂分子,其位于所述外壳的外表面的至少一部分上;
电路板,其容纳在所述外壳中;
第一光检测器,其与电路板相连,用于检测示踪剂分子的响应;
第二光检测器,其与电路板相连,用于检测参考用荧光元件的响应;
辐射源,其安置在第一和第二光检测器的光敏侧上方一段距离处;以及
反射器,其与所述辐射源间隔开,并且具有面向辐射源的反射侧;
其中,所述电路板在其顶侧具有凹槽,并且所述反射器具有插入所述凹槽中的端部。
CN2011104478127A 2005-04-15 2006-03-29 基于光学的传感装置 Pending CN102608083A (zh)

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