CN102597749A - 过程分析设备 - Google Patents

过程分析设备 Download PDF

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CN102597749A
CN102597749A CN2010800482019A CN201080048201A CN102597749A CN 102597749 A CN102597749 A CN 102597749A CN 2010800482019 A CN2010800482019 A CN 2010800482019A CN 201080048201 A CN201080048201 A CN 201080048201A CN 102597749 A CN102597749 A CN 102597749A
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A.法贾姆
R.尤瑟曼
K.博格尔德
U.伦德格林
B.德赫伊杰
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Hach Lange GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于确定待检物流体(11)中的待检物的过程分析设备(10)。该分析设备(10)由基础模块(12)和可更换的筒模块(14)构成，其中，所述筒模块具有：试样获取装置(16)，该试样获取装置带有用于从待检物流体(11)获取试样(20)的薄膜(18)；第一泵系统(22)，用于从载流流体存储容器(26)向试样获取装置(16)泵送载流流体(24)；第二泵系统(28)，用于将试剂(30)引入所述试样(20)中；测量路径(32)，用于定量确定所述试样(20)中的待检物；用于为所述试样(20)脱气的脱气装置(40)，其中，所述脱气装置(40)布置在两个所述泵系统(22，28)之后。

Description

过程分析设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于确定待检物流体中的待检物的过程分析设备，并且例如以浸入式探测器、浮动探测器、管式探测器或实验室分析设备的形式使用。
背景技术
过程分析设备为了定量确定待检物流体(例如水)中的待检物而进行几乎连续的分析，并且例如使用在废水处理或饮用水控制中。
因为过程分析设备通常不在实验室中使用，并且维护、维修或填充载流流体和试剂形成了巨大的开销，所以存在模块化构造的过程分析设备，其中，维护较少或不需维护的部件布置在基础模块中，而易受磨损或用于保持试剂的部件布置在可更换的筒模块中。也可以设置多个不同的、可更换的筒模块，例如带有存储腔和流体系统。
过程分析设备的这种模块化的结构例如由EP0706659B1公开。在此，部分流体系统和透析薄膜布置在筒模块中，而泵和用于载流流体及试剂的存储容器设置在基础模块中。
原则上希望，将消耗的材料，亦即载流流体和试剂同样布置在筒模块中。然而，这样做的前提是，仅需要较少量的载流流体和试剂。这又可以通过将流体系统设计为所谓的微流路系统来实现，使得流体导管仅具有较小的横截面积，例如小于几平方毫米的横截面积。然而，微流路系统基本上比具有较大横截面的流动系统更容易受干扰。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，创造一种过程分析设备，其具有基础模块和可更换的筒模块，这种过程分析设备可靠并且使试剂保存在筒模块中。
按照本发明，该技术问题通过具有权利要求1所述特征的过程分析设备解决。
按本发明的过程分析设备由原则上不可更换的基础模块和可更换的筒模块组成，所述筒模块通常例如在载流流体或试剂存量耗尽时或者在部件失效时，以较小的开销被更换。筒模块具有所有的流体系统，该流体系统优选构造为微流路的，也就是说，所要导引流体的元件具有非常小的容积或者非常小的、最高为数平方毫米的横截面积，例如最高10平方毫米，优选小于5平方毫米。
筒模块具有试样获取装置，优选为透析装置，该装置带有薄膜，优选为透析薄膜，用于从待检物流体中获取试样，优选透析液。在透析的情况下，试样是由载流流体和待检物组成的透析液，其中，待检物透过薄膜迁移到载流流体中。为了将载流流体从优选布置在筒模块中的载流流体存储腔泵送到试样获取装置而设置有第一泵系统。泵系统理解为泵送流体的机构。泵系统优选设计为容积式泵。泵系统通过促动器驱动，该促动器优选与泵系统分开地布置在基础模块中。筒模块优选没有促动器。当试样获取装置是用于过滤试样的过滤器时，则不设置载流流体存储容器。
筒模块具有用于将试剂从试剂存储容器导入到试样中的第二泵系统。对于第二泵系统也适用的是，其促动器优选布置在基础模块中。另外，筒模块具有用于定量确定试样或者透析液中的待检物的测量路径。测量路径优选是用于通过测定光度定量确定待检物的光学测量路径。
筒模块还具有脱气装置，用于在从试样获取装置直到测量路径之后的流体导引的延伸过程中对试样或透析液脱气，其中，脱气装置布置在两个泵系统之后。沿流动方向看，脱气装置布置在试样获取装置之后，并且布置在两个泵系统之后。通过将脱气装置布置在泵系统之后确保了在试样流入测量路径之前使气泡从试样分离出。这是重要的，因为气泡尤其在通过测量光度定量确定待检物的光学测量路径中会在测量中导致巨大的误差。
气泡在试样中可能通过试样在筒模块中被加热而产生，例如由贴在透析薄膜上的热的待检物流体加热。另外，酸性的试剂在试样中会排放出二氧化碳。通过将脱气装置布置在试剂导入试样的位置之后确保了在试样流入测量路径之前还能将排出的二氧化碳从试样排出。由此改善了可靠性、测量可靠性和测量精度。
两个泵系统优选通过基础模块侧的气动泵气动地驱动。气动泵可以以其压力侧连接在过压存储器上，并且以其抽吸侧连接在负压存储器上。过压存储器和负压存储器布置在基础模块中。
脱气装置具有透气的脱气薄膜，为了在脱气薄膜的气体侧产生负压，该脱气薄膜连接在基础模块的气动泵上。泵系统例如可以设计为气动驱动的蠕动泵，该蠕动泵具有分别两个或三个泵腔室。通过唯一一个气动泵既可以分别为两个泵系统形成促动机构，也可以在脱气薄膜的气体侧产生负压。为此，仅需设置用于控制泵系统或蠕动泵的相应阀。通过减少一些用于驱动泵系统和脱气装置的气动泵，可以明显减小结构开销和制造成本。另外，为运行分析设备需要较少的能量，这尤其在电池运行的分析设备中有重要意义。
脱气装置优选由槽状的脱气通道构成，该脱气通道由透气的脱气薄膜覆盖。脱气通道例如可以构造为在注塑工艺中制造的基板中的槽，在脱气装置的区域内，在该基板上例如通过粘结或焊接固定有脱气薄膜。脱气通道尤其优选曲折地延伸。由此可以较小面积地实现脱气装置和脱气薄膜。脱气薄膜尤其优选设计为疏水性薄膜，例如设计为特氟龙薄膜。
脱气通道的容积优选至少与测量路径的容积一样大。因此确保了整个测量路径能够用脱气的试样体积填充，并且测量路径中没有部分试样是未脱气的。
按照一种优选的设计构造，脱气通道的容积至少与试样获取装置的在薄膜的靠近设备中心一侧(proximal)的空间和导入的试剂的体积之和一样大。以这种方式可以在脱气装置中，对测量循环的与试剂混合的所有试样体积进行脱气。与这些试剂体积的哪些部分最终填充测量路径无关，以这种方式确保了到达测量路径中的试样体积被脱气。
按照脱气通道的一种优选的设计构造，脱气通道是反应腔，在由试样和试剂组成的混合物被泵送到测量路径之前，所述混合物至少在该反应腔中滞留10秒。不需要使试剂与试样中的待检物在其中等待反应的单独的反应腔。对于试剂是酸性的并且向试样中排放二氧化碳的情况，以这种方式确保，二氧化碳气体在产生位置就被从试样排出。也这种方式防止试样在与试剂反应过程中发生体积变化。由试样和试剂组成的混合物滞留在反应腔中的时间长到足以使试剂和待检物的反应几乎结束。因此确保，在试样离开脱气装置之后，不再有其它的二氧化碳气体排出，这种二氧化碳气体本来会妨碍接下来在测量路径中的测量或使测量发生错误。
按照一种优选的设计构造，筒模块具有载流流体存储容器和试剂存储容器。因此所有的流体系统布置在筒模块中。这样设计两个存储容器的容积，使得存储物对于筒模块的正常机械运转的寿命是足够的。在此有意义的是，如果不强制要求，所有的流体系统按照微流路式确定尺寸。存储容器能够以可更换的方式构造在筒模块中。
按照一种优选的设计构造，基础模块具有光度测量的待检物传感器，该待检物传感器在功能上配属于筒模块侧的测量路径。基础模块因此具有光度计，其中，在筒模块插入基础模块时，光度计的测量路径由筒模块中的测量路径形成。
按照一种优选的构造，脱气装置布置在两个泵系统与测量路径之间。因此确保，透析液在进入测量路径之前被完全脱气。尤其优选的是，脱气装置或脱气通道直接布置在测量路径之前。作为备选或补充，脱气装置也可以布置在测量路径本身上。以这种方式即便在测量路径中的测量过程中也可以为透析液脱气。这尤其在光度测量的测量路径中是有意义的，因为尤其是当测量路径是微流路的测量路径时，气泡会在光度测量时使测量结果发生误差。
附图说明
以下参照附图详细说明本发明的实施例。
在附图中示出：
图1是过程分析设备的示意图，该过程分析设备由基础模块和可更换的筒模块组成；
图2是分析设备的第二种实施形式的纵向截面图；
图3是图2所示的分析设备的筒模块的俯视图；以及
图4是分析设备筒模块的脱气装置的另一种实施形式。
具体实施方式
在图1中示意示出了用于连续或几乎连续地定量光度测量确定水中的待检物(例如碳酸盐、铵盐或硝酸盐)的过程分析设备10。分析设备10是静止的分析设备10，并且浸入式地安装在含水的待检物流体11中，也就是构成为所谓的浸入式探测器。分析设备10由基础模块12和可更换的筒模块14组成，基础模块在透析流体11中或刚好在透析流体上方刚性地悬挂在管件13上，而可更换的筒模块以可拆卸的方式固定在基础模块12上并且浸入透析流体11中。
分析设备10的所有流体系统设置于筒模块14中。筒模块14具有带有载流流体24的载流流体存储容器26，载流流体存储容器通过导管连接在试样获取装置16上，该试样获取装置当前是透析装置16。透析装置16具有透析薄膜18作为薄膜18，该薄膜将透析腔52与待检物流体11隔开，载流流体在透析过程中滞留在透析腔中。透析腔52例如可以由曲折延伸的槽形成，其槽口由透析薄膜18封闭。第一泵系统22布置在透析装置16之后，该第一泵系统将试样20或透析液从透析装置16泵送到脱气装置40。
筒模块14具有带有流体试剂30的试剂存储容器34，该试剂由第二泵系统28泵送到脱气装置40中。另外，在筒模块14中设有带有标准溶剂58的标准溶剂存储容器56，其中，沿流动方向看，在标准溶剂存储容器56之后设置第三泵系统54，该第三泵系统在必要时将标准溶剂泵送到脱气装置40中。
三个泵系统22，28，54在快到脱气装置40之前星形地汇合，这尤其在图3中可以看出。脱气装置40由槽状的脱气通道48形成，该脱气通道由透气但液体密封的脱气薄膜44覆盖，该脱气薄膜是疏水性特氟龙薄膜。脱气通道48曲折地延伸，因此在小面积上能实现较长的脱气通道48。在脱气薄膜44与脱气通道48相对置的侧面设置有脱气装置气体侧46，其真空通过基础模块侧的脱气阀70控制。
试样从脱气装置40流到光度计测量路径32，并且从该处出发流到废液存储容器60中，废液62被收集在该废液存储容器中。光度计测量路径32在功能上配属于基础模块侧的光度计50，该光度计具有光源64和接收器66，在光源和接收器之间沿纵向布置透析液导管的形成光度计测量路径的区段。透析液传感器50当前设计为透射光度计。然而，作为备选方案，光度计也可以如图2中的实施例中一样，设计为反射光度计50’。
基础模块12中的过压存储器72和负压存储器76用作用于驱动三个泵系统22，54，28的压力源。三个泵系统22，54，28设计为气动的蠕动泵。每个泵系统22，54，28分别配设有一个泵促动器78，该泵促动器分别由三个切换阀86构成。每个泵系统21，54，28分别具有三个泵腔室80，所述泵腔室分别带有一个由橡胶或弹性塑料制成的弹性泵膜82。
泵膜82的背面分别通过筒模块侧的气动控制导管84、控制导管耦连装置87和基础模块侧的气动控制导管85与切换阀86连接，该切换阀使泵膜82根据选择与过压存储器72或负压存储器76连接。以这种方式对泵膜82的背侧加载过压或负压，使得泵腔室80被填充或排空。三个泵腔室22，54，28连续的填充和排空产生了蠕动的泵运动。
为了在负压存储器76中产生负压和在过压存储器72中产生过压，在基础模块12中设置有气动泵42，该泵入口与负压存储器76相连通且其泵出口与过压存储器72连通。气动泵42由气动泵电机43持续地驱动。负压存储器76中的负压和过压存储器72中的过压分别由与大气压分别相连接的相应负压阀80和过压阀74限制。作为备选，也可以在存储器72，76中设置压力传感器，通过该压力传感器在超过或低于临界压力时接通或断开气动泵。
控制脱气装置40中的负压的脱气阀70连接在负压存储器76上。
通过中央控制装置68控制所有的阀86，70和光度计50。所有的电部件布置在基础模块12中。
在图2和图3中示出了分析设备或筒模块14的第二种实施形式。与在图1中仅示意示出的实施形式的一个区别是三个泵系统22’的具体构造，它们各自的最后一个泵腔室80’由唯一一个公共的泵腔室80’形成。另一个区别是，在图2中，透析液传感器50’构造为反射光度计。
如图2和图3可良好地看出，筒模块14基本上由具有流体导管、泵腔室80，80’，透析模块16、脱气装置40以及测量路径32’的板状塑料件和放置在该板状塑料件上的容器26，34，56，62构成。
在图4中示出了脱气装置40’的一种备选的实施形式，其中，脱气通道48的一部分同时构成光度计测量路径32。
对于脱气装置40，40’的所有实施形式适用的是，整个脱气通道48的容积分别至少与在透析膜18的靠近设备中心一侧的透析腔52的容积和引入的试剂30的体积之和一样大。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于确定待检物流体(11)中的待检物的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述分析设备(10)由基础模块(12)和可更换的筒模块(14)构成，其中，所述筒模块具有：
试样获取装置(16)，该试样获取装置带有用于从待检物流体(11)获取试样(20)的薄膜(18)；
第一泵系统(22)，该第一泵系统用于将试样(24)泵送离开所述试样获取装置(16)，
第二泵系统(28)，该第二泵系统用于将试剂(30)引入所述试样(20)中；
测量路径(32)，该测量路径用于定量确定所述试样(20)中的待检物；
脱气装置(40)，用于为所述试样(20)脱气，其中，所述脱气装置(40)布置在两个所述泵系统(22，28)之后。
2.如权利要求1所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，两个泵系统(22，28)通过基础模块侧的气动泵(42)气动驱动，并且脱气装置(40)具有透气的脱气薄膜(44)，该脱气薄膜为了在所述脱气薄膜(44)的气体侧(46)产生负压而连接在所述气动泵(42)上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述脱气装置(40)由槽状的脱气通道(48)构成，该脱气通道由透气的脱气薄膜(50)覆盖。
4.如权利要求3所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述脱气通道(48)曲折地延伸。
5.如权利要求1至4之一所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述脱气装置(40)具有脱气薄膜(50)，该脱气薄膜是疏水性薄膜。
6.如权利要求1至5之一所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述脱气通道(48)的容积至少与所述测量路径(32)的容积一样大。
7.如权利要求1至6之一所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述脱气通道(48)的容积至少与在所述透析薄膜(18)的靠近设备中心一侧的透析腔(52)的容积和引入的试剂(30)的体积之和一样大。
8.如权利要求1至7之一所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述脱气通道(48)是反应腔，在由试样和试剂组成的混合物被泵送到所述测量路径(32)之前，所述混合物在所述反应腔中滞留至少10秒。
9.如权利要求1至8之一所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述筒模块(14)具有载流流体存储容器(26)和试剂存储容器(34)。
10.如权利1至9之一所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述基础模块(12)具有光度测量的待检物传感器(50)，该待检物传感器在功能上配属于所述筒模块的测量路径(32)。
11.如权利要求1至10之一所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述脱气装置(40)布置在两个所述泵系统(22，28)与所述测量路径(32)之间。
12.如权利要求1至11之一所述的过程分析设备(10)，其中，所述脱气装置(40)使所述测量路径(32)脱气。
13.一种用于如权利要求1，2或10之一所述的基础模块(12)的筒模块(14)，其中，所述筒模块(14)具有权利要求1至9、11或12所述的特征。
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US20120167673A1 (en) 2012-07-05
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US8881580B2 (en) 2014-11-11
EP2470888A1 (de) 2012-07-04
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