CN102501077A - Bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail of cast iron rolling machine tool and manufacturing method of bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail - Google Patents
Bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail of cast iron rolling machine tool and manufacturing method of bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN102501077A CN102501077A CN2011103615818A CN201110361581A CN102501077A CN 102501077 A CN102501077 A CN 102501077A CN 2011103615818 A CN2011103615818 A CN 2011103615818A CN 201110361581 A CN201110361581 A CN 201110361581A CN 102501077 A CN102501077 A CN 102501077A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail of a cast iron rolling machine tool and a manufacturing method of the bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail. A guide rail is integrated with a base of a cast iron machine tool, high-hardness cylindrical and grid-shaped units which are regularly distributed, have carbide textures and are combined with a guide rail base in a metallurgy manner are arranged on a rolling portion on the surface of the guide rail by the aid of a laser cladding method, and the units and the guide rail base of the machine tool jointly form a bionic coupling area which is provided with hard portions and soft portions at intervals and has a bionic structure. The laser cladding method includes steps of uniformly coating alloy powder on the units; directly irradiating and melting the alloy powder by the aid of laser, and quickly solidifying the melted alloy powder; and obtaining micron-sized carbide, martensite, alloy carbide, WC (wolfram carbide) or TiC which have textures different from those of the base and have hardness meeting HV (Vickers hardness) 630-1150. The bionic abrasion- resistant high-reliability guide rail and the manufacturing method have the advantages that limitation that a rail surface of a cast iron guide rail is low in hardness, cannot realize pressure resistance or abrasion resistance and cannot be used independently is broken through, and shortcomings that a steel guide rail is integrally or partially inlaid on a base of a machine tool in an original mode, production process is complicated, cost is high, and the steel guide rail falls off or is peeled off easily are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve the manufacturing process technology of the rolling machine tool guideway service reliability that under the fatigue wear working condition, uses.Also relate to a kind of with the double cast iron rolling machine tool guideway of doing machine tool guideway of bed piece.
Background technology
At present, machine tool guideway can be divided three classes, and the one, the cast iron hydrostatic slideway, it is directly on the lathe bed of cast iron, to be processed to form, and in the middle of guide rail and workbench, leads to pressure oil during work, the static pressure of depended on pressure oil plays a supportive role, and accomplishes the task that support table moves.The 2nd, edge steel rolling guide; Be equipped with under the workbench and roll frame, roll roller bearing on the frame and on guide rail, roll workbench is moved horizontally, because the pressure peak that roller bearing is pressed on the guide rail is bigger; Cast iron materials itself is softer directly to be done guide rail with lathe bed and holds pressure that can't stand roller bearing; Tumble in steel plate as rolling guide but be employed on the lathe bed of cast iron, steel guideway has two kinds, and a kind of is that whole guide rail all is a steel; Also have a kind of position that is roller bearing rolls on the cast iron guide rail to process groove, on groove, tumble in steel as guide rail.The third guide rail is the V-arrangement steel guide rail, is to make workbench do the guide rail that moves vertically.The rolling guide production technology of edge steel is the most complicated in three kinds of guide rails; Improve production cost greatly and influenced operating efficiency; Its reliability is also the poorest relatively; Because the reliability of the firm degree direct influence guide rail of the steel guide rail that tumbles in still often goes wrong although done a lot of work, this problem is the focus of machine tool guideway research always.Therefore, develop a kind of performance that can make cast iron have steel guide rail, the cast iron guide rail that substitutes steel guideway has practical value very, and the reliability that improves lathe is also had very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to break through from whole or whole surface and handle the traditional idea that improves the machine tool guideway performance, develop a kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway that a kind of more reasonable, effective raising uses and preparation method thereof under the fatigue wear working condition.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway; Said guide rail and pig machine bed foundation are one; Rolling position on guide pass; Adopt the laser cladding method, the preparation rule distributes, has carbide tissue, high rigidity and is the cylindrical of metallurgical binding and grid-shaped cell cube in the guide rail parent, and these cell cubes and machine tool guideway parent constitute the bionical coupling regime of the bionical object structures of soft and hard alternation jointly; Said laser cladding is on cell cube, evenly to be coated with alloy powder; Through rapid solidification again after the laser direct irradiation fusing, obtain micron order carbide, martensite, alloy carbide, WC or TiC that tissue is different from parent, hardness requirement HV630-1150.
Said cell cube diameter is evenly to distribute between 1～3mm or random distribution mottled; Or width is 1～2mm, and spacing is 1～3mm, and the angle of inclination is 0～90 °, and the degree of depth is that the striated cross-distribution of 0.2mm constitutes latticed cell cube.
Said alloy powder comprises that WC, TiC, percentage by weight are: C 1.0-3.2, Cr 50-69, surplus are that high-chromium alloy or the percentage by weight of iron is that C 0.8-1.0, V50-55, surplus are the vanadium iron of iron; The alloy powder coating thickness is 0.3mm; The material of guide rail mother metal and surface-coated mixes after the laser radiation fusing; Cell cube is organized as carbide+martensite+WC or TiC; The molten WC hardness requirement HV1100-1150 that applies, the molten TiC hardness requirement HV1150-1200 that applies, molten cell cube of applying high-chromium alloy is organized as micron-sized alloy carbide and martensite; The molten high-chromium alloy hardness requirement HV750-850 that applies, the molten vanadium iron hardness requirement HV850-900 that applies.
Described laser cladding adopts defocusing amount ± 4.5mm, laser current 100-300mA, laser radiation frequency 5-10Hz, the laser beam of laser pulse width 5-10ms.
The single size that is distributed as of said cylindrical unit body distributes or the different size mixed distribution.
The single size that is distributed as of said grid-shaped cell cube distributes or the different size mixed distribution.
The cylindrical unit body of said single size and single size grid-shaped cell cube are by mixed distribution; Or the grid-shaped cell cube mixed distribution of the cylindrical unit body of different size and different size; Or the grid-shaped cell cube mixed distribution of the cylindrical unit body of single size and different size, or the cylindrical unit body of different size and single size grid-shaped cell cube mixed distribution.
A kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway preparation method, carry out according to the following steps:
Step 1, according to the required case hardness of different machine tool guideways with and stressed size, select the corresponding alloy powder of different hardness;
Step 2 utilizes bath of glass that alloy powder is evenly spread upon guide rail surface with the thickness of 0.3mm, and smearing vestige is grid type or mottled
Step 3, the control laser instrument scans the guide rail surface that scribbles alloy powder with different laser parameter and motion mode, and mother metal and alloy powder are melted simultaneously, finally forms bionical cell cube in guide rail surface.
Technique effect of the present invention: through the method for laser melting (applying); The position that directly roller track rolls on the cast iron lathe bed; Preparation distributes, has carbide tissue, high rigidity and guide rail parent according to certain rules and is the cylindrical of metallurgical binding or grid-shaped cell cube; Constitute the bionical coupling regime of the similar organism structure of soft and hard alternation jointly by these cell cubes and machine tool guideway parent; As the roller track of guide pass, substitute the guide rail of whole edge steel or local edge steel on lathe base originally.Adopt the preparation of this method bionical coupling unit body its be organized as micron-sized carbide and martensite is different from parent; Its mechanical performance, hardness etc. are much higher than fertile material; The bionical object structures of soft and hard alternation sets off each other and plays a role; Cell cube is as having increased firm dowel pin or reinforcement on the guide rail top layer, and rolling of opposing roller track roller bearing formed the anti-pressure and abrasion-proof layer of protection machine tool guideway in guide rail surface; The mother metal that bag is tied up around the cell cube fuses cell cube; It is stressed even to make that guide rail surface local pressure peak value disperses, and has broken cast iron materials hardness and has hanged down the not withstand voltage not wear-resisting restriction that can not use as the guide rail rail level separately, overcome shortcomings such as whole edge steel or local steel guideway, complex manufacturing, cost height, easy ablation on lathe base originally.The fault rate that guide rail is on active service reduces significantly, simultaneously, also simplifies production technology greatly, has reduced production cost, has improved production efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 cell cube distributes as net shape in guide rail surface.
It is cylindric distribution that Fig. 2 cell cube is mottled in guide rail surface.
The specific embodiment
Further specify particular content of the present invention below in conjunction with instance.
Biological evolution through 1 years not only can adapt to nature, and its evolution degree is near perfect, and their some marvellous functions are considerably beyond the previous design of mankind itself, and becomes the answer that solves the problem job problem gradually.The present invention finds that through the biology that observation of nature circle has the excellent anti fatigue wear they have following characteristic:
1. they all have the structure that soft or hard alternates;
2. can there be different distributional patterns hard unit self in this structure;
3. the relative high rigidity of hard unit is all from the composition material or the institutional framework difference of itself and soft unit.The organic coupling of this form, structure and composition material makes biology have excellent mechanical property and antifatigue wearing and tearing function.
The present invention proposes laser melting (applying) technology that adopts thus; Be processed to form hard unit in the similar organism on cast iron lathe bed top layer; Obtain its tissue and be different from parent; Mechanical performance, hardness etc. are much higher than the cell cube of parent, have increased the firm dowel pin or the special construction of reinforcement on the parts top layer.Different (the mould zl200410011036.6 of its invention with bionic non-smooth surface with the bionical processing of other laser; Brake drum zl 200410011355.7 with bionic non-smooth surface), one, cell cube of the present invention and material surface are in same plane.Two, the degree of depth on control module body insert material top layer is inequality, and the pressure of passing to mother metal through cell cube like this can not act on on the one side, makes it stressed evenly.Three, the distribution design of cell cube is born pressure design according to the surface, and the hardness of cell cube and unit pressure are the bases of design.Four, the problem that solves is different, and other are to solve abrasive wear, and the present invention solves fatigue wear.
Table 1.TK (H) 6916 series are landed and are milled boring machining center guide rail application example
Test examples shown in the table all is to adopt defocusing amount ± 4.5mm at laser parameter, laser current 100-300mA, and laser radiation frequency 5-10Hz accomplishes under the condition of laser pulse width 5-10ms.And the composition of alloy powder is as shown in the table:
The hypereutectic alloy powder component list that contains rich chromium cast iron
The alloy powder component list that contains ferrovanadium
The alloy powder component list that contains ceramal
Claims (8)
1. bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway; It is characterized in that; Said guide rail and pig machine bed foundation are one, and the laser cladding method is adopted at the rolling position on guide pass; The preparation rule distributes, has carbide tissue, high rigidity and is the cylindrical of metallurgical binding and grid-shaped cell cube in the guide rail parent; These cell cubes and machine tool guideway parent constitute the bionical coupling regime of the bionical object structures of soft and hard alternation jointly, and said laser cladding is on cell cube, evenly to be coated with alloy powder, through rapid solidification again after the fusing of laser direct irradiation; Obtain micron order carbide, martensite, alloy carbide, WC or TiC that tissue is different from parent, hardness requirement HV630-1150.
2. a kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said cell cube diameter is evenly to distribute between 1～3mm or random distribution cylindric; Or width is 1～2mm, and spacing is 1～3mm, and the angle of inclination is 0～90 °, and the degree of depth is that the striated cross-distribution of 0.2mm constitutes latticed cell cube.
3. a kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; Said alloy powder comprises that WC, TiC, percentage by weight are: C 1.0-3.2, Cr 50-69, surplus are that high-chromium alloy or the percentage by weight of iron is that C 0.8-1.0, V50-55, surplus are the vanadium iron of iron, and the alloy powder coating thickness is 0.3mm, and the material of guide rail mother metal and surface-coated is through laser radiation fusing back mixing; Cell cube is organized as carbide+martensite+WC or TiC; The molten WC hardness requirement HV1100-1150 that applies, the molten TiC hardness requirement HV1150-1200 that applies, molten cell cube of applying high-chromium alloy is organized as micron-sized alloy carbide and martensite; The molten high-chromium alloy hardness requirement HV750-850 that applies, the molten vanadium iron hardness requirement HV850-900 that applies.
4. a kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described laser cladding adopts defocusing amount ± 4.5mm, laser current 100-300mA; Laser radiation frequency 5-10Hz, the laser beam of laser pulse width 5-10ms.
5. a kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the single size that is distributed as of said cylindrical unit body distributes or the different size mixed distribution.
6. a kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the single size that is distributed as of said grid-shaped cell cube distributes or the different size mixed distribution.
7. a kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The cylindrical unit body of said single size and single size grid-shaped cell cube are by mixed distribution; Or the grid-shaped cell cube mixed distribution of the cylindrical unit body of different size and different size, or the grid-shaped cell cube mixed distribution of the cylindrical unit body of single size and different size, or the cylindrical unit body of different size and single size grid-shaped cell cube mixed distribution.
8. a kind of bionical wear-resisting high reliability cast iron rolling machine tool guideway preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out according to the following steps:
Step 1, according to the required case hardness of different machine tool guideways with and stressed size, select the corresponding alloy powder of different hardness;
Step 2 utilizes bath of glass that alloy powder is evenly spread upon guide rail surface with the thickness of 0.3mm, and smearing vestige is grid type or mottled
Step 3, the control laser instrument scans the guide rail surface that scribbles alloy powder with different laser parameter and motion mode, and mother metal and alloy powder are melted simultaneously, finally forms bionical cell cube in guide rail surface.
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| CN201110361581.8A CN102501077B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2011-11-15 | Bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail of cast iron rolling machine tool and manufacturing method of bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail |
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| CN201110361581.8A CN102501077B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2011-11-15 | Bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail of cast iron rolling machine tool and manufacturing method of bionic abrasion-resistant high-reliability guide rail |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104786069A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-22 | 长春大学 | Coupling bionic sliding machine tool guide rail and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105081577A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-11-25 | 吉林大学 | Laser bionic coupling guide rail and regeneration method thereof |
| CN105689856A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-06-22 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for enhancing metal material welded joint via bionic coupling |
| CN106271677A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-04 | 宁波金凯机床股份有限公司 | A kind of special purpose machine tool ray machine |
| CN106553025A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-04-05 | 宁波米诺机床有限公司 | A kind of vertical processing machine tool of long service life |
| CN106825125A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽昱工机电科技有限公司 | A kind of large-scale part corrects press and its manufacture method |
| CN108115283A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-05 | 吉林大学 | The method and thermal upsetting die of bionic surface are coupled with operating mode preparation according to ingredient |
| CN108131403A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-08 | 吉林大学 | The cast iron brake hub of the bionical inner surface of combined type coupling is prepared using laser technology |
| CN109048200A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-21 | 吉林大学 | The method of the reparation trolley coach brake disc fire check of the bionical locking pinning of laser |
| CN113046739A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-06-29 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Preparation method of wear-resistant machine tool guide rail plate |
| CN114016020A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-08 | 宜宾上交大新材料研究中心 | Method for improving corrosion resistance and wear resistance of cast iron and cast iron material |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104786069A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-22 | 长春大学 | Coupling bionic sliding machine tool guide rail and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105081577A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-11-25 | 吉林大学 | Laser bionic coupling guide rail and regeneration method thereof |
| CN105689856A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-06-22 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for enhancing metal material welded joint via bionic coupling |
| CN106271677A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-04 | 宁波金凯机床股份有限公司 | A kind of special purpose machine tool ray machine |
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| CN108131403A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-08 | 吉林大学 | The cast iron brake hub of the bionical inner surface of combined type coupling is prepared using laser technology |
| CN109048200A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-21 | 吉林大学 | The method of the reparation trolley coach brake disc fire check of the bionical locking pinning of laser |
| CN109048200B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-12-25 | 吉林大学 | Method for repairing thermal cracks of brake disc of railway passenger car by laser bionic locking pinning |
| CN113046739A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-06-29 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Preparation method of wear-resistant machine tool guide rail plate |
| CN114016020A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-08 | 宜宾上交大新材料研究中心 | Method for improving corrosion resistance and wear resistance of cast iron and cast iron material |
| CN114016020B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-11-21 | 宜宾上交大新材料研究中心 | Method for improving corrosion resistance and wear resistance of cast iron and cast iron material |
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