CN102447321A

CN102447321A - Electric machine

Info

Publication number: CN102447321A
Application number: CN2011103935591A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·施瓦茨科普夫; H·克罗伊策; K·赫博尔德; S·迪德拉
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2010-10-13
Filing date: 2011-10-13
Publication date: 2012-05-09
Also published as: ES2401859A2; ES2401859R1; HU230175B1; HUP1100568A2; DE102010042369A1

Abstract

The present invention provides an electric machine, and particularly to an AC power generator for automobile. The electric machine is provided with a stator (16). One side of the stator is provided with a basically annular stator core (17). A stator winding (18) is equipped in grooves (60) which are oriented to annular inner part of the stator core and extend along the axial direction, wherein at least one groove (60) is provided with a groove segment (81). The groove segment is provided with a groove wall (84) that is provided with mutually parallel side surfaces (87). Furthermore at least one tooth (63) which is symmetrically formed through electromagnetic action is provided with a tooth segment (90). The tooth segment is limited by the groove wall (84) which is provided with the mutually parallel side surfaces (96). The electric machine is characterized in that: the groove segment (81) which is provided with the mutually parallel side surfaces (87) is configured closer to the outside part than the tooth segment (90); and the tooth segment is limited by the groove wall (84) which is provided with the mutually parallel side surfaces (96).

Description

Motor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of motor as described in the preamble according to independent claims.

Background technology

Open source literature WO 2001/54254 by international patent application discloses stator core, the groove of this stator core and the not isostructure of tooth.10 in for example disclosed there accompanying drawing has gone out the tooth with parallel side.Accompanying drawing 18a or 18b show the groove with parallel side.In addition, also through various parametric descriptions be used for the geometry of groove of the stator core of motor, said parameter for example discloses in the open source literature DE of Germany 10361858A1, there referring to accompanying drawing 7.For example so-called here groover rot diameter d3, radius r 2 and r3, slot pitch width b2 and b3 and groove top diameter d 2.The side of groove side and tooth shape linearly in general in this description.Through correspondingly selecting described parameter, can regulate the tooth of parallel sided on the one hand, just the facewidth on the tooth top equates with the facewidth on the tooth root; Can produce the groove of parallel sided on the other hand, just the groove width on the bottom land is corresponding with the groove width on the channel opening.Channel opening described here is the groove that opens wide to inner radial usually, and this groove is called as the so-called line of rabbet joint.Geometry shown in mentioned two kinds of execution modes and the mentioned open source literature all has certain advantage, but their effects for motor design are opposite.Very big or maximum groove face can mechanically weaken tooth root, makes that the tooth of stator core and the changeover portion between the yoke are comparatively unstable; Bigger or the maximum facewidth does not then allow to arrange best lead, for example stator winding.In motor design, seek to be in usually the compromise proposal between the above-mentioned extreme case.If the motor that groove quantity is bigger then adopts this mode, but abundant inadequately.

Disclosure of the present invention

Advantage according to the motor of characteristic of the present invention, as to have independent claims is; Slot part section through will having the side that is parallel to each other diametrically than tooth portion section arrange more outer portion; This tooth portion section is limited the cell wall of the slot part section with the side that is parallel to each other; So just can between tooth and yoke, realize a kind of stable transition, also have enough tooth portion materials simultaneously, so that for the flux of electromagnetism, realize a kind of also just very little inhibition chokes in other words.In the zone of tooth top; The reason that the flank profil of parallel sided has advantage is, the magnetic flux in stator core the and therefore effective power

or the efficient of motor all are limited among this zone.In contrast, in the zone of tooth root, just in the transitional region between tooth and yoke, the groove exterior feature of parallel sided helps the mechanical strength of tooth.In forming the process of hold-in winding, the very high side force on each tooth that acts on can appear, and therefore especially more greatly and correspondingly tooth is thinner when narrow when groove quantity, will cause tooth to be out of shape.When introducing coil diametrically, can make that usually tooth bears very big load.In the zone of bottom land, the groove exterior feature of parallel sided also can make the winding of being packed in good order.When considering slot liner portion and all relevant tolerance situation, can be so that the width of groove accurately adapts to needed diameter of wire.Can reduce the quantity of the lead intersection in the groove zone and therefore reduce the impaired risk of lead.Because the groove closure that is preferably U-shaped that embeds here, therefore need not be on channel opening accurate winding displacement.Preferably alternately the sublevel terrace land carries out winding displacement, because each lead is preferably surrounded by said groove closure.What illustrated is, by in the groove of the parallel sided at bottom land place and the wide advantages that just can combine two kinds of enforcement patterns of knockdown groove formed at the tooth of the parallel sided at tooth top place.So just can produce the laying of filling rate electric and machinery better, and therefore realize having the motor of better performance number and efficiency value with raising.A kind ofly obtain thus in particularly advantageous design aspect said characteristic is mixed: the transition region that the parallel side of groove carries out the transition among the parallel side of tooth is among the zone of the total height 40～60% that equals tooth.That is to say that transition region is in the center of tooth basically.Can make tooth in parallel lateral side regions, have a kind of width in addition, and in the parallel lateral side regions of groove, have a kind of big width.Can make the ratio of Breadth Maximum and the width of tooth in parallel lateral side regions of groove between 1.05 and 1.34.

So be provided with according to another embodiment of the invention: the lead of stator winding is enclosed among the groove certainly, and wherein electric effective groove filling rate reduces towards the line of rabbet joint.

Advantage of the present invention is fully relevant with so-called hold-in winding (EirzugsWicklung) especially.

Description of drawings

Being not only motor and being a kind of embodiment in the accompanying drawings according to stator of the present invention or stator slot cross section.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

The sectional arrangement drawing of accompanying drawing 1 motor,

The partial cut away side views (view of rotor direction of rotation) of the stator core of the motor shown in accompanying drawing 2 accompanying drawings 1.

Embodiment

Cross section shown in Figure 1 through motor 10, in the present embodiment for being used for generator or alternating current generator (Wechselgenerator), the especially threephase generator of automobile.This motor 10 especially has the shell 13 of two formulas, and this shell is made up of the clutch shaft bearing end cap 13.1 and second bearing (ball) cover 13.2.Holding a kind of so-called stator 16 among bearing (ball) cover 13.1 and the bearing (ball) cover 13.2; This stator one end is made up of the stator core that is annular basically 17, and stator winding 18 is enclosed in stator core the sensing radially inner side, among the axially extended groove.Surface that this annular stator 16 radially inwardly points to it, fluting surrounds a kind of rotor 20 that constitutes pawl utmost point rotor form.Rotor 20 especially is made up of two pawl pole plates 22 and 23, and axially extended pawl

pole tip portion

24 and 25 is arranged on the periphery of pawl pole plate.Two pawl pole plates 22 and 23 so are arranged in the rotor 20, its axially extended pawl

pole tip portion

24 or 25 is replaced on the periphery of rotor 20 each other.So just between the pawl

pole tip portion

24 and 25 of magnetic reversal, form required gap, magnetic field, gap, this magnetic field is called the pawl clearance between poles.The rolling bearing 28 that rotor 20 can utilize axle 27 and be arranged in rotor-side is in corresponding bearing (ball) cover 13.1 or 13.2 rotations.

Rotor 20 has two axial ends generally, respectively a fan 30 is fixed on these axial ends.This fan 30 is made up of a tabular or discoid section that originates in fan blade according to known way basically.These fans 30 can be used to through the opening in bearing (ball) cover 13.1 and 13.2 40 exchange of air between the inner space of the outside of motor 10 and motor 10.For this reason, said opening 40 is located substantially on the axial end portion of bearing (ball) cover 13.1 and 13.2, utilizes fan 30 cooling air to be drawn among the inner space of motor 10 through these openings.Make cooling air quicken through rotatablely moving of fan 30, make it can pass the outstanding portion 45 of the winding that can see through cooling air outward to radially outer.Through this effect, the outstanding outward portion 45 of said winding is able to cooling.Outstanding portion 45 afterwards or after outstanding portion walked around on 45 next doors outside this winding, the opening that process is not drawn in Fig. 1 flowed out to radially outer outside passing winding for cooling air.

Avoid Effect of Environmental at the various parts of 47 protections of the protective cover that is positioned at the generator right side shown in the accompanying drawing 1.For example protective cover 47 can hide the slip ring assembly 49 that is used for to excitation winding 51 supply exciting currents.The radiator 53 that will play anodal radiator

effect is arranged in around the slip ring assembly 49.Why this positive pole radiator is called anodal radiator, is because can link to each other with the positive pole of storage battery (for example starter power supply) with conducting electricity.Bearing (ball) cover 13.2 plays the effect of negative pole radiator.Terminal block 56 is arranged between bearing (ball) cover 13.2 and the radiator 53; This terminal block is used for negative diode (Minusdiode) 58 that is arranged among the bearing (ball) cover 13.2 linked to each other with the positive diode of in this accompanying drawing, not drawing here (Plusdiode) in the radiator 53, thereby forms well-known bridge circuit.

In Fig. 2, show the axial view of stator 16 partly.These stator 16 1 ends have above-described stator core 17, and this stator core shows characteristic through the groove of having mentioned 60 with tooth 63 on aspect its appearance.Strictly all interconnect generally through yoke portion 66 along the tooth of radially inwardly arranging 63.Described before groove 60 is between this tooth 63.Usually so-called slot liner portion 69 is installed among the groove 60, this slot liner portion gives groove 60 linings usually with taking the shape of the letter U.Lead 72 is contained in this groove 60 and by 69 in slot liner portion holds, these leads 72 are parts of stator winding 18.Usually branch line winding and lead 72 thereof are enclosed among the groove 60 in other words with phase winding.Here be enclosed in the part that lead 72 among the groove 60 is so-called hold-in winding (Einzug), stator winding 18 be made into this hold-in winding, and it is packed into.Usually through radially inwardly the line of rabbet joint of sensing in other words notch (Nutschlitz) 75 said hold-in winding is encased among the groove 60.After the said stator winding 18 of packing into, groove 60 is closed through the groove closure 78 of U-shaped in this case.If observe, so just can identify following situation from radial direction outer portion (downward accompanying drawing 2) at the groove 60 shown in the accompanying drawing 2:

Groove 60 has the slot part section 81 that is limited by cell wall 84.In this slot part section 81, cell wall 84 is provided with the side 87 that is parallel to each other.If observe radially inner more, in accompanying drawing 2 above shown in part; Just can identify on the top of groove 60, just the groove 60 in upwards comparatively inner zone, the footpath of groove 60 is no longer parallel, come to a point or the channel profiles of extension but have towards the radially inner side what is called with narrowing down.Tooth 63 has the tooth portion section 90 that is limited by cell wall 84 in this zone, and limits these cell walls through the side 96 that is parallel to each other; But the side 96 that these sides 96 are not groove 60, but opened the perhaps side of isolated two grooves 60 in 63 minutes by tooth.Therefore this tooth portion section 90 also comprises the cell wall 84 with the side 96 that is parallel to each other.Groove 60 and tooth 63 direct neighbors.

The parallel side 96-that the parallel side 87 that a kind of transition region 99-cell wall 84 has changeover portion 85 and groove therein carries out the transition to tooth 63 should be in respect to the overall height H Z ground of tooth 63 among the zone 99; Begin to measure from bottom land 102, this zone is 40% to 60% of height H Z.

Tooth 63 has width B Z the regional planted agent of parallel side 96, and in the zone of the parallel side 87 of groove 60, has Breadth Maximum BZx.In addition should be between 1.05～1.34 by the ratio of BZx/BZ.As what in accompanying drawing 2, also can find out be in addition, stator winding 18 what a mutually in other words the lead 72 of a branch be placed among groove 60.The groove filling rate reduces towards the line of rabbet joint 75 gradually.In accompanying drawing 2, can find out the variation of groove filling rate thus: in the zone that the radially outer of groove 60 is provided with; Per unit area has been arranged many especially leads 72, and in upper area, just groove 60 radially more in the zone of set inside per unit area arranged less lead 72.Here the ratio that is called the groove filling rate is so-called electric effective groove filling rate.So-called " electric effective " refers to, and when calculating the groove filling rate, only considered the electric effective part of lead.Lead 72 is not only to constitute by the conductive wire cross-section of metal and by the foreskin of its electric insulation.Therefore if will confirm electric effective groove filling rate,, and need not consider the cross section of its insulation division as long as consider the electric cross section of lead 72.The electric effective cross section of lead 72 is relevant with the slot cross-section of the groove 60 that limits through iron core.The groove filling rate here should be between 0.4 and 0.52.As previously mentioned, should stator winding 18 be encased among the groove 60 as so-called hold-in winding.In addition, can stator winding 18 be designed to five phase stator winding or two threephase stator windings.Each stator winding 18 preferably is provided with the phase more than three.

Claims

1. motor; In particular for motor vehicle alternator, have stator (16), said stator has the stator core (17) that is annular basically in a side; With stator winding (18) be enclosed in stator core point to inner radial, among axially extended groove (60); Wherein at least one groove (60) has slot part section (81), and this slot part section has the cell wall (84) that has the side (87) that is parallel to each other, and the tooth (63) that forms symmetrically of at least one electromagnetic action has tooth portion section (90); This tooth portion section is limited the cell wall (84) with the side (96) that is parallel to each other; It is characterized in that, the slot part section (81) that will have a side (87) that is parallel to each other diametrically than tooth portion section (90) arrange more outer portion, this tooth portion section is limited the cell wall (84) with the side (96) that is parallel to each other.

2. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said groove (60) and tooth (63) are close to adjacent each other.

3. motor according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Cell wall (84) has transition region (99); Parallel side (87) transition of groove in this transition region (60) is the parallel side (96) of tooth (63), and wherein said transition region (99) is among the zone (99) of the total height (HZ) 40% to 60% that equals tooth (63).

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described motors; It is characterized in that; Tooth (63) has a kind of width (BZ) in the zone of parallel side (96); And in the zone of the parallel side (87) of groove (60), have maximum width (BZx), wherein by the ratio of (BZx/BZ) between 1.05 and 1.34.

5. according to each described motor in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the lead (72) of stator winding (18) is enclosed among the groove (60), wherein the groove filling rate reduces towards the line of rabbet joint (75).

6. according to each described motor in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that stator winding (18) is a kind of hold-in winding.