CN1024404C - 在制造期间控制容器端部温度的方法和装置 - Google Patents

在制造期间控制容器端部温度的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1024404C
CN1024404C CN91101563A CN91101563A CN1024404C CN 1024404 C CN1024404 C CN 1024404C CN 91101563 A CN91101563 A CN 91101563A CN 91101563 A CN91101563 A CN 91101563A CN 1024404 C CN1024404 C CN 1024404C
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汉斯·林纳
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Norden Pac Development AB
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种在制造过程中，控制容器端部温度的方法和装置，所述灌装产品(11)的容器包括一薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料的大致呈管状的主体部分(10)和在主体部分每一端可对焊的端盖(13)，第一端盖装入主体部分的一端，产品(11)借助主体部分的开口端引入容器，第二端盖(13)被引入所述开口的主体部分端部，直到中间位置，由此端盖(13)部分地伸入主体部分(10)，主体部分端部区域和第二端盖的塑性材料通过施加的热能软化，端盖(13)通过它和主体部分(10)之间的相对移动而被压入主体部分直至其最终位置，冷却气体施加于端盖(13)的横向壁(15)。

Description

本发明涉及一种在制造过程中，控制容器端部温度的方法，所述的灌装产品的容器包括一个实质上是薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料的管状主体部分和在主体部分每一端的可对焊的端盖，在此，第一端盖固定于主体部分的一端，产品经由主体部分的开口端引入容器，第二端盖被引向所述开口的主体部分端部，直至一中间位置，在该位置，第二端盖部分地伸入主体部分，通过施加热能，主体部分端部区域的塑性材料和第二端盖被软化。在制造过程中，控制容器端部温度的装置，该装置包括一个实施装置，实施装置用来把端盖置于一确定的中间位置，部分地伸入管形主体部分的端部，供给热气的加热装置使主体端部区域的塑性材料和端盖向外凸出部分的一端部或两端部软化，装置用于使主体部分和端盖互相相对移动，直至端盖位于主体部分的最终位置。
由薄壁塑料或塑性层压材料制造的管子和瓶子用于包装例如乳剂、软膏和其它各种粘性的化工/工程制剂。瑞典专利申请8800548-3描述了端盖和通过在薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料的管状主体部分的两端对焊端盖制造管子或瓶子的方法。
用这种方式制造管子或瓶子的方法的优点是，避免长距离运送体积过大的空容器。因此该方法容许个体包装者在没有综合性设备的情况下，制造他自己的管子或瓶子。
按照上述方法制造的管子和瓶子经由其开口灌装其产品，此后借助例如螺纹把一个盖子固定到开口上。
然而，在许多情况下，最理想的是在所控制的环境里，提供已被密封的容器，以使顾客可以确认包装是完好的，其结果是提高了包装及包装物内的产品质量。
在制造这种密封的容器过程中，最好在形成管状的第一端盖和第二端盖之间灌装产品是有利的。
在按照所述的瑞典专利申请8800548.3的方法中，管状主体部分设置在回转分度台上，以适于在 各个工位之间移动。在一个工位，每个端盖由活塞送入一个相应主体部分的上端，到达中间位置，在该位置端盖部分地伸进主体部分。然后，该部分已组装的工件转移到下一工位，在此向管子的环形端部区域和端盖的相交区域供给热能。一旦温度达到使材料足够地软化，工件则被送到下一个工位，在此活塞再被用来把端盖推入到最终的位置上。通过设置在活塞内的通道输送冷却液体，使焊接部位迅速冷却。
至今，在加热过程中，因为被活塞作用的端盖的边缘需经受300℃至500℃温度的加热，从而软化材料并引起材料粘附到活塞上，因此，业已证明在端盖原处使用活塞是不可能的。
本发明的目的是提供一种允许以高速率向容器灌装产品的方法和装置，而不会出现上面提及的问题。
本发明的目的在于，在制造过程中，控制容器端部温度的方法，所述的灌装产品的容器包括一个实质上是薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料的管状主体部分和在主体部分每一端的可对焊的端盖，在此，第一端盖固定于主体部分的一端，产品经由主体部分的开口端引入容器，第二端盖被引向所述开口的主体部分端部，直至一中间位置，在该位置，第二端盖部分地伸入主体部分，通过施加热能，主体部分端部区域的塑性材料和第二端盖被软化，借助端盖和主体部分之间的相对位移，把端盖压入到主体部分直到其最终位置，与此同时，把冷却气体输送到端盖的横向壁。在制造过程中，控制容器端部温度的装置，该装置包括一个实施装置，实施装置用来把端盖置于一确定的中间位置，部分地伸入管形主体部分的端部，供给热气的加热装置使主体端部区域的塑性材料和端盖向外凸出部分的一端部或两端部软化，装置用于使主体部分和端盖互相相对移动，直至端盖位于主体部分的最终位置，通过装置向端盖的横向壁供给冷却气体。
本发明的方法和装置的特点还在于，通过热气提供热能，将已使用过的热气和冷却气体由抽吸装置从焊接部位排走。将管形主体部分和端盖之间的焊缝用共同经受挤压的方法粘在一起。在控制装置中，借助基本上垂直的导管向横向壁供给冷却气体，垂直导管分叉进入比横向壁的直径稍小的钟形喷嘴头，钟形喷嘴头有一通向环形沟槽的环形缝隙，环形沟槽布置在横向壁的上方并基本上环绕横向壁的圆周上，喷嘴头也作为端盖的支座件。抽吸装置用来抽去使用过的来自端壁的冷却气体和来自焊接区域的热气。
按照本发明，因为对接装置作用于不经受直接加热的端盖的横向壁上，并向其供给冷却气体，故不会出现对接装置粘到端盖上的现象。
本发明将参考附图详述如下：
图1和图2示意地表明了用本发明的装置分两步把端盖放置到管状主体部分;
图3表示了焊缝的压合的情况。
示于附图中的可整平的管状主体部分10可由单层塑性材料制成，或由包含金属箔的层压材料制成，金属箔向主体部分提供良好的隔绝特性。主体部分可通过箔对缝焊机制成，另一个办法是由挤压管切成合适的长度。这种主体部分的壁厚通常为1毫米以内。
在图中，仅示出主体部分的上端，主体部分下部已经装有一个端盖，端盖上设有例如一种带共同配合的螺帽的排放口形式。主体部分通过其开口端灌装产品11至容器中相应所要求的预定量，此时，主体在圆柱形托架12中向上开口垂直放置，圆柱形托架位于一个旋转分度台（未示出）上，旋转分度台配有适于在下一道工序装配端盖的装置。
在图1中，端盖13部分地已被引入向上开口的主体部分端部，接着从这一工位传送至图1和2所示的焊接工位。
端盖13包括插入部分14，在内端上插入部分14设有横向壁15，在另一端，设有U形部分16，插入部分14朝着横向壁15向内逐渐倾斜。U形部分设有沟槽，沟槽朝向U形部分的底部逐渐倾斜。
举例来说，端盖可通过注模制造，借此，隔绝箔坯可包含在横向壁15内侧面或外侧面上。
为了通过施加大约300至500℃温度的热度软化主体部分边缘的区域，焊接台上设有通道17，借助通向主体部分端缘区域的开口和通向U形部分16内的沟槽供给热气。在适当加热以后，圆柱形托架12在焊接装置内向上移动，以便使端盖13压入管状形的主体部分，直至主体部分的边缘碰到沟槽底部为止，如图2所示。比横向壁15直径稍小的中央钟形喷嘴头18作为端盖13的支座。
喷嘴头18下侧大体上形成一个平面，下侧平面上设有中心凹口19和沟槽23，它们在横向壁15的圆周上呈环形地延伸。用于供给冷气的基本上垂直的分支导管24通向沟槽23并如前述的、环绕横向壁15的圆周适当地分散冷气。
适当的冷却气体可以是冷空气。使用的冷空气经由喷嘴头的下侧自沟槽23流入外围空间22，从该空间，利用了的冷气和热气从焊台上经由通道25抽出。采用这种方式，通过喷嘴头连接的横向壁区域的温度受到控制，防止了喷嘴头在此产生粘附。更有利的是喷嘴头下侧用“非粘性”材料例如聚四氟乙烯材料覆盖。
图3表示压制一直处于软化状态的U形部分16的连续的步骤，以便密封该区域。加压可通过垂直方向能够移位的支座26和多个水平方向的加压装置27予以实现，这些加压装置可以是机械的或液压操作的弹性装置。
本发明不受上述描述的实施例限制，并且在附加的权利要求的范围内可以对其作出进一步改进。

Claims (8)

1、一种在制造过程中控制容器端部的方法，所述灌装产品(11)的容器包括一个实质上是薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料的管状主体部分(10)和在主体部分每一端的可对焊的端盖(13)，在此，第一端盖固定于主体部分的一端，产品(11)经由主体部分的开口端引入容器，第二端盖(13)被引向所述开口的主体部分端部，直至一中间位置，在该位置，第二端盖部分地伸入主体部分(10)，通过施加热能，主体部分端部区域的塑性材料和第二端盖被软化，其特征在于，借助端盖(13)和主体部分(10)之间的相对位移，把端盖压入到主体部分直到其最终位置，与此同时，把冷却气体输送到端盖(13)的横向壁(15)。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，通过热气提供热能。
3、按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，冷却气体是冷空气。
4、按照权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，已使用过的热气和冷却气体由抽吸装置（25）从焊接部位排走。
5、按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在管形主体部分（10）和端盖（13）之间的焊缝共同经受挤压粘在一起。
6、一种在制造过程中控制容器端部温度的装置，该装置包括一个实施装置，实施装置用来把端盖（13）置于一确定的中间位置，部分地伸入管形主体部分（10）的端部，供给热气的加热装置（17）使主体端部区域的塑性材料和端盖（13）向外凸出部分的一端部或两端部软化，装置（12、18）用于使主体部分和端盖互相相对移动，直至端盖位于主体部分的最终位置，其特征在于，通过垂直导管（24）向端盖的横向壁（15）供给冷却气体。
7、按照权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，借助基本上垂直的导管（24）向横向壁（15）供给冷却气体，垂直导管（24）分叉进入比横向壁（15）的直径稍小的钟形喷嘴头（18），钟形喷嘴头有一通向环形沟槽（23）的环形缝隙，环形沟槽（23）布置在横向壁（15）的上方并基本上环绕横向壁（15）的圆周上，喷嘴头（18）也作为端盖支座件。
8、按照权利要求6或7所述的装置，其特征在于，抽吸装置（25）用来抽去使用过的来自端壁（15）的冷却气体和来自焊接区域的热气。
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