CN102427960B - 用于轮胎内无线传感器系统的感应功率传输的系统和方法 - Google Patents
用于轮胎内无线传感器系统的感应功率传输的系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/041—Means for supplying power to the signal- transmitting means on the wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/041—Means for supplying power to the signal- transmitting means on the wheel
- B60C23/0413—Wireless charging of active radio frequency circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- H04B5/266—
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- H04B5/73—
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- H04B5/79—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
- B60C23/0433—Radio signals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
- B60C23/0433—Radio signals
- B60C23/0447—Wheel or tyre mounted circuits
- B60C23/0452—Antenna structure, control or arrangement
Abstract
一种用于感应功率传输的系统包括:用于发射功率的发送线圈;用于通过感应接收功率并将功率传输给传感器的接收线圈,其中接收线圈相对于发送线圈是可移动的;以及从接收线圈到发送线圈的通信路径,用于仅在接收线圈靠得很近的情况下开启发送线圈,如果在接收线圈中功率被接收,则该通信路径适于经由RF链路向发送线圈发送反馈数据,并且发送线圈适于在接收线圈中的功率接收信号的反馈的情况下产生全周期脉冲串,直到在接收线圈中不产生功率接收信号。本发明还提供:一种包括如上文主要描述的系统的车辆、一种包括用于感测物理信号的传感器和用于通过感应接收功率的接收线圈的轮胎、以及一种用于利用如上文主要描述的系统进行无线功率传输的方法。
Description
背景技术
清除器(scavenger)系统是已知的,该系统由于轮胎的旋转和振动而产生能量。在这些系统中,该轮胎振动结合弹簧使物质(mass)加速。该移动物质可以例如是线圈内的磁体,该线圈由于磁体运动而产生电压。另一种方式是在弹簧中应用压电型材料(PZT),该弹簧在受到应力时产生电压(参见US7467034B2和US2008/0047363A1)。还有一种可能性是一种使用固定磁体结合轮胎中的线圈的系统。这些系统在低旋转速度下将不会产生足够的功率并且可能相当笨重。
发明内容
所提出的系统可以在较低旋转速度下产生足够的功率。而且它可以非常小并且可以放置在远程位置。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种用于向感测与车辆相关联的物理信号、特别是感测车辆的轮胎内的加速度、温度、压力和/或应变的传感器进行感应功率传输的系统,该系统包括:
- 用于发射功率的发送线圈,
- 用于通过感应接收功率并且向传感器传输功率的接收线圈,
其中接收线圈相对于发送线圈是可移动的,
其特征在于,该系统进一步包括从接收线圈到发送线圈的通信路径,如果在接收线圈中功率被接收,则该通信路径适于经由RF链路向发送线圈发送反馈数据,并且发送线圈适于在接收线圈中的功率接收信号的反馈的情况下产生全周期脉冲串,直到在接收线圈中不产生功率接收信号。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种用于向感测与车辆相关联的物理信号、特别是感测车辆的轮胎内的加速度、温度、压力和/或应变的传感器传输感应功率的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
- 经由发送线圈发射功率,
- 经由接收线圈通过感应接收功率并且将该功率传输到传感器,
其中接收线圈相对于发送线圈是可移动的,
其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
- 如果在接收线圈中功率被接收,则经由RF链路从接收线圈向发送线圈发送数据,以及
- 在接收线圈中的功率接收信号的反馈的情况下,产生全周期脉冲串,直到在接收线圈中不产生功率接收信号。
具体实施方式
本发明描述了一种系统,在该系统中,需要向轮胎内的传感器系统提供电功率。该传感器测量例如加速度、温度、压力和应变(strain)。所测量的数据经由RF链路传送。用于系统的功率需要在没有任何电流连接(galvanic connections)的情况下供应。糟糕的解决方案是清除器,其使用轮的旋转和振动。具有更稳定的功率的更好的解决方案是感应功率传输。
利用线圈的特殊布置和特殊操作模式,可以建立可靠的功率传输系统,其以很低的轮(轮胎)速度产生高功率。
图1中示出发送和接收线圈的位置。
图2中示出汽车系统中的空间限制。标记了发送线圈的优选位置。
该系统的必要特征是:
特征1:如图1中所示的特殊的发送线圈构造和取向
所述发送线圈垂直于轮胎且尽可能靠近轮胎放置。这在轮胎内产生更好的场(field)并且因此产生对轮胎中的接收线圈的更好的耦合系数。当各线圈彼此面对时,磁通量通路很长,这是因为在轮胎和金属轮缘中存在钢带。
线圈用部分铁氧体磁芯支撑。这加强了磁场的产生。它还使得线圈属性更少地依赖于环境。线圈的邻域内的金属物体可能影响线圈的感应。铁氧体磁芯部分地起着屏蔽体的作用并且使该感应保持更稳定。
特征2:特殊的接收线圈构造和取向
如图1所示,所述接收线圈垂直于轮胎放置。如图3、4和5所示,轮胎中心处的场主要平行于轮胎。
垂直取向的线圈将最好地拾取(pick up)如图5所示的这些磁通线。所述接收线圈位于内轮胎表面的中心之上的轮胎内侧上。图3示出平行于轮胎的发送线圈和在中心轮胎中的接收线圈。图4示出垂直于轮胎的发送线圈。图5示出垂直于轮胎的发送线圈,其具有铁氧体支撑/屏蔽。
特征3:特殊的操作模式
图6示出轮胎和轮胎内的接收(拾取)线圈。
无线功率传输系统中的现有技术的总体状态可以描述如下:
- 存在发送线圈(初级)
- 存在接收线圈(次级)
- 在发送与接收线圈之间存在足够量的耦合
-发送线圈具有工作在一定频率上的驱动器
- 在低耦合的情况下,驱动器具有可选的谐振电路
- 接收线圈具有用于产生适当的DC电压的整流器调节器
- 再次同样在低耦合的情况下,接收线圈具有可选的谐振电路。
图7示意性示出通过磁感应如何将功率从发送线圈传输到接收线圈。
图8示出所产生的作为所述设置的函数的功率。该图示出存在产生大部分功率的小角度。该测量基于发送线圈中持续的功率水平。可以仅在接收线圈靠得很近的情况下通过开启线圈实现更好的总效率。这需要从接收器到发送器的通信路径。有可能经由RF链路(其已经被预见用于传送发送器数据)来这样做。在图9中示意性示出了这一点。
另一种方式是以2种模式使用感应路径,一种模式用于发送能量,而另一种模式用于返回产生了足够水平的功率的信号。在图10中示意性示出了这一点。
所述系统的操作模式可看起来如下。发送器发送小测试脉冲串(burst)以探查功率是否一定(at a certain)被接收。在足够功率接收信号的反馈的情况下,在下一个循环,发射器将产生全周期的脉冲串。该全周期脉冲串将在未产生足够的功率接收信号时停止。在图11中示出了这一点。
图12示出发送线圈。
图13示出测试系统中发送线圈和接收线圈的位置。
图14示出发送线圈和接收线圈的位置,其中接收线圈置于轮胎中。
图15示出发送线圈相对于汽车的位置。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于向感测与车辆相关联的物理信号的传感器进行感应功率传输的系统,包括:
- 用于发射功率的发送线圈,
- 用于通过感应接收功率并且向该传感器传输该功率的接收线圈,
其中接收线圈相对于发送线圈是可移动的,
其特征在于
该系统进一步包括从接收线圈到发送线圈的通信路径,如果在接收线圈中功率被接收,则该通信路径适于经由RF链路向发送线圈发送反馈数据,并且发送线圈适于在接收线圈中的功率接收信号的反馈的情况下产生全周期脉冲串,直到在接收线圈中不产生功率接收信号。
2.根据权利要求1的系统,其中接收线圈运动的轨迹形成大致圆形。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项的系统,其中发送线圈适于安装在车辆上并且接收线圈适于安装在车辆轮胎中。
4.根据权利要求1的系统,其中所述与车辆相关联的物理信号为车辆的轮胎内的加速度、温度、压力和/或应变。
5.一种包括根据前述权利要求中任一项的系统的车辆。
6.根据权利要求5的车辆,其中所述车辆进一步包括用于感测与该车辆相关联的物理信号的传感器,其中该传感器设有接收线圈。
7.根据权利要求6的车辆,其中所述车辆包括轮胎并且所述传感器位于轮胎中。
8.一种包括用于感测物理信号的传感器和用于通过感应接收功率的接收线圈的轮胎,所述传感器和接收线圈适用于根据权利要求1的系统中以进行感应功率传输。
9.一种用于向感测与车辆相关联的物理信号的传感器传输感应功率的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
- 经由发送线圈发射功率,
- 经由接收线圈通过感应接收功率并且将该功率传输到传感器,
其中接收线圈相对于发送线圈是可移动的,
其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
- 如果在接收线圈中功率被接收,则经由RF链路从接收线圈向发送线圈发送数据,以及
- 在接收线圈中的功率接收信号的反馈的情况下,产生全周期脉冲串,直到在接收线圈中不产生功率接收信号。
10.根据权利要求9的方法,其中所述与车辆相关联的物理信号为车辆的轮胎内的加速度、温度、压力和/或应变。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP09159920 | 2009-05-11 | ||
EP09159920.9 | 2009-05-11 | ||
EP09168230 | 2009-08-20 | ||
EP09168230.2 | 2009-08-20 | ||
PCT/IB2010/051963 WO2010131161A1 (en) | 2009-05-11 | 2010-05-05 | Inductive power transfer for wireless sensor systems inside a tyre |
Publications (2)
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CN102427960A CN102427960A (zh) | 2012-04-25 |
CN102427960B true CN102427960B (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
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CN201080020791.4A Active CN102427960B (zh) | 2009-05-11 | 2010-05-05 | 用于轮胎内无线传感器系统的感应功率传输的系统和方法 |
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US (1) | US9199516B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2429835B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5587983B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102427960B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010131161A1 (zh) |
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EP2429835B1 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
JP2012527030A (ja) | 2012-11-01 |
EP2429835A1 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
JP5587983B2 (ja) | 2014-09-10 |
US9199516B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
WO2010131161A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
CN102427960A (zh) | 2012-04-25 |
US20120049620A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
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