CN102305751B - Soil evaporation potential measuring method and device - Google Patents
Soil evaporation potential measuring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102305751B CN102305751B CN 201110209788 CN201110209788A CN102305751B CN 102305751 B CN102305751 B CN 102305751B CN 201110209788 CN201110209788 CN 201110209788 CN 201110209788 A CN201110209788 A CN 201110209788A CN 102305751 B CN102305751 B CN 102305751B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil evaporation potential measuring method which comprises the following steps: original soil is contained in an outer sleeve and connected with a water pressure constant device for ensuring the constancy of soil water; an inner barrel is installed in the soil; the bottom of the inner barrel is provided with a weighing sensor and the water pressure constant device; the weighing sensor is connected with a reading meter; a measuring barrel for containing original soil and the water pressure constant device is arranged on the weighing sensor in the inner barrel; the mass change induced by the weighing sensor is obtained by the reading meter; and the mass difference after fixed time interval is the soil evaporation amount of the time interval. The method ensures that the soil evaporation measurement eliminates the interference factor influence as much as possible and only embodies the influence of the soil surface characteristics and evaporation environment, and a measuring value approaches the soil potential evaporation amount of the soil. The method can use the devices which comprise the outer sleeve, the inner barrel, the measuring barrel, a water supply pipe A, a connecting pipe, a Marriott bottle A, the weighing sensor, the weighing reading meter, a Marriott bottle B and a water supply pipe B and has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to farmland water balance observation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of soil evaporation potential measuring method and device thereof.
Background technology
Soil evaporation refers to that soil moisture spills into process in the atmosphere by soil surface with steam state.Soil evaporation potential, namely the soil potential evaporation amount refers to the water evaporation quantity of soil when unlimited water supply.In the soil evaporation process of reality, when soil moisture content during greater than field capacity, its evaporation capacity is near soil evaporation potential.The soil evaporativeness of this moment only is subjected to the impact of soil surface feature and evaporitic environment.
Use container to contain soil and carry out the soil evaporation potential measurement, two aspect problems occur easily: the one, the soil water supply ability descends in the evaporation process, departs from the basic demand of soil potential evaporation concept; The 2nd, the container external environment can have interference to measuring vessel, mainly is that solar radiation and temperature cause that the bottom of measuring vessel and outer wall conduct to the large calorimetric in the container, make measurement result depart from the basic demand of soil potential evaporation concept.In view of all Difficult factors, general meteorology and hydrology survey station does not all carry out soil evaporation observation, does not carry out the observation of soil evaporation potential yet.
Measure soil evaporation potential and can set up the relational model of meteorologic factor, soil attribute and soil evaporation, can be used for the soil evaporation forecast, but still lack a kind of simple and easy method and device of effective measurement soil evaporation potential at present.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of soil evaporation potential measuring method, the method is eliminated the disturbing factor impact so that soil evaporation is measured as far as possible, only embodies the impact of soil surface feature and evaporitic environment, makes its measured value as far as possible near the soil potential evaporation amount of this kind soil.
Another technical matters that the present invention will solve provides a kind of soil evaporation potential measuring device, and this apparatus structure is simple, and is easy to use.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of soil evaporation potential measuring method may further comprise the steps:
(1) splendid attire original-state soil in the outer sleeve and connection are used for guaranteeing the constant water pressure constant device of soil moisture;
(2) bottom of inner core arranges LOAD CELLS, and this LOAD CELLS connects read table; Place measuring cylinder on the described LOAD CELLS, splendid attire original-state soil and water pressure constant device in the measuring cylinder;
(3) draw the mass change of the measuring cylinder that LOAD CELLS senses by read table, gained of poor quality by the soil evaporativeness in the survey time period.
Described original-state soil refers to not by the soil of disturbance.
Further, described water pressure constant device comprises Ma Shi bottle, feed pipe and connecting pipe.
Preferably, feed pipe being set in the described outer sleeve is connected with the Ma Shi bottle by connecting pipe.
Preferably, continuous Ma Shi bottle and feed pipe are set in the described measuring cylinder.
Preferably, described soil evaporation potential measuring method adopts following steps:
(1) the feed pipe A with outer sleeve inside connects Ma Shi bottle A by connecting pipe; Then, fill original-state soil to outer sleeve;
(2) with inner tube installation in the soil of outer sleeve, the surface a little more than soil in the outer sleeve suitable for reading, and being placed in the soil in the outer sleeve; LOAD CELLS in the inner core and the read table of weighing are connected;
(3) the Ma Shi bottle B in the measuring cylinder and feed pipe B are connected, and give in the measuring cylinder and fill original-state soil, then measuring cylinder is installed on the LOAD CELLS of inner core;
(4) add water for Ma Shi bottle A and Ma Shi bottle B, keep the moisture of soil in outer sleeve and the measuring cylinder constant;
Use Ma Shi bottle A by connecting pipe and feed pipe A to the soil water supply in the outer sleeve, not limited by moisture to guarantee the soil evaporation in the outer sleeve.
Use Ma Shi bottle B to supply water, to the soil water supply in the measuring cylinder, not limited by moisture to guarantee the soil evaporation in the measuring cylinder by feed pipe B.
(5) mass change of sensing by read table observation LOAD CELLS, the difference of the quality after the fixed intervals is the soil evaporativeness of this period.
A kind of above-mentioned used soil evaporation potential measuring device of soil evaporation potential measuring method, comprise outer sleeve, inner core, measuring cylinder, feed pipe A, connecting pipe, Ma Shi bottle A, LOAD CELLS, the read table of weighing, Ma Shi bottle B, feed pipe B, described outer sleeve inside arranges inner core and feed pipe A, described feed pipe A connects Ma Shi bottle A by connecting pipe, described inner core inside is provided with measuring cylinder and LOAD CELLS, described measuring cylinder is arranged on the LOAD CELLS, be provided with Ma Shi bottle B and feed pipe B in this measuring cylinder, this LOAD CELLS is connected with read table.
Preferably, described outer sleeve is the cylinder that the end is arranged, and diameter is greater than 40cm, and the bottom circumference is provided with feed pipe.
Preferably, described measuring cylinder is for there being round-ended cylinder, and the external diameter of measuring cylinder is slightly less than the internal diameter of inner core, highly slightly is shorter than inner core.
Preferably, described measuring cylinder is arranged on the interior LOAD CELLS of inner core, and the upper open height of the suitable for reading and inner core of measuring cylinder is consistent.
Preferably, circumference is provided with the feed pipe B that connects the Ma Shi bottle B that guarantees that soil moisture is constant bottom the described measuring cylinder; The inner splendid attire soil of measuring cylinder, native face is consistent with outer sleeve soil face.
Principle of work of the present invention:
The objective of the invention is to measure soil evaporation potential, described soil evaporation potential refers in the situation of soil adequate water supply, the evaporation capacity of soil when only being subjected to meteorological conditionality.Find under study for action, soil evaporation to affect the degree of depth limited, general every day not enough 5cm, in the sufficient situation that especially supplies water; Soil moisture there is not impact to soil evaporation in soil water potential absolute value＜30 kPa, can think that evaporation capacity is constant.Thus, in order to guarantee measurement result, be subjected to less the impact of external interference factor, added urceolus protection cylinder to measuring cylinder, also find: when measuring cylinder diameter during greater than 20cm, extraneous interference to inner core is just relatively less; Come the variation of substance weight in the measurement of inductance cylinder with LOAD CELLS, poor subtracting soil evaporativeness.
The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) inner core of the present invention is with soil and the measuring cylinder isolation of outer sleeve, outer sleeve is isolated with measuring cylinder and external condition, the factor such as solar radiation and temperature greatly reduces the impact of measuring cylinder outer wall and bottom or eliminates, and therefore mainly is subject to or only is subject to evaporitic environment to the impact of soil surface in the measuring cylinder.With this understanding, this soil evaporativeness is close to the potential evaporation amount of this soil, and the method can be simple records soil evaporation potential under this condition.Measure soil evaporativeness, make its measured value be disturbed less factor affecting as far as possible, only embody the impact of soil characteristic and evaporitic environment factor, measured value is near the soil potential evaporation amount.
(2) measuring cylinder of the present invention is a bobbin that is placed on the LOAD CELLS of inner core, and its effect is splendid attire soil and Ma Shi bottle, so that the mass change of the two can be detected.
(3) water pressure constant device of the present invention uses the Ma Shi bottle to be soil water supply.So-called Ma Shi bottle refers to supply a kind of water supply bottle of constant water pressure to soil, and can regulate as required hydraulic pressure.
(4) soil evaporation potential measuring device provided by the invention is simple in structure, and is easy to use.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of soil evaporation potential measuring device.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Describe in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.As shown in the figure: the present invention includes outer sleeve 1, inner core 2, measuring cylinder 3, feed pipe A4, connecting pipe 5, Ma Shi bottle A6, LOAD CELLS 7, the read table 8 of weighing, Ma Shi bottle B9, feed pipe B10, described outer sleeve 1 inside arranges inner core 2 and feed pipe A4, described feed pipe A4 connects Ma Shi bottle A6 by connecting pipe 5, described inner core 2 inside are provided with measuring cylinder 3 and LOAD CELLS 7, described measuring cylinder 3 is arranged on the LOAD CELLS 7, be provided with Ma Shi bottle B9 and feed pipe B10 in this measuring cylinder 3, this LOAD CELLS 7 is connected with read table 8.
Described outer sleeve 1 is the cylinder that the end is arranged, and inner splendid attire soil has feed pipe 4 around the outer sleeve 1, connects by connecting pipe 5 to guarantee the constant Ma Shi bottle A6 of soil moisture; Inner core 2 is installed in the cave of outer sleeve 1 soil hole central authorities for round-ended cylinder is arranged, the surface a little more than soil in the outer sleeve 1 suitable for reading, and with outer sleeve 1 in the soil close contact; LOAD CELLS 7 is equipped with in inner core 2 bottoms, the outer company read table 8 of weighing; Measuring cylinder 3 is for there being round-ended cylinder, and the external diameter of measuring cylinder 3 is slightly less than the internal diameter of inner core 2, highly slightly is shorter than inner core 2, give in the measuring cylinder 3 and fill original-state soil, the soil face is consistent with outer sleeve 1 native face, be installed on the LOAD CELLS 7 in the inner core 2, and the suitable for reading and inner core 2 of assurance measuring cylinder 3 is suitable for reading consistent.Feed pipe B10 is arranged around the measuring cylinder 3, connect the constant Ma Shi bottle B9 of assurance soil moisture.
Add water for Ma Shi bottle A6, keep soil moisture constant.Use Ma Shi bottle A6 by connecting pipe 5 and feed pipe A4 to the soil water supply in the outer sleeve 1, not limited by moisture to guarantee the soil evaporation in the outer sleeve 1.
Add water for Ma Shi bottle B9, keep soil moisture constant.Use Ma Shi bottle B9 to supply water, to the soil water supply in the measuring cylinder 3, not limited by moisture to guarantee the soil evaporation in the outer sleeve 3 by feed pipe B10.
The mass change of sensing by read table 8 observation LOAD CELLS 7.The difference of the quality after the fixed intervals is the soil evaporativeness of this period.
Because outer sleeve 1 is isolated with measuring cylinder 3 and external condition, the factors such as solar radiation and temperature greatly reduce the impact of measuring cylinder 3 outer walls and bottom or eliminate, so mainly are subject to or only are subject to evaporitic environment to the impact of measuring cylinder 3 interior soil surfaces.With this understanding, this soil evaporativeness is close to the potential evaporation amount of this soil, i.e. soil evaporation potential under this condition.
During use, the implementation step is: the feed pipe A4 of outer sleeve 1 is connected by connecting pipe 5 and a Ma Shi bottle A6, and fill original-state soil, middle body at soil takes diameter and the degree of depth soil hole consistent with inner core 2 diameters and the degree of depth, inner core 2 and LOAD CELLS 7 thereof are installed on wherein, and connect good read table 8.At a Ma Shi bottle of measuring cylinder 3 interior installations B9, and connect with feed pipe B10.Fill original-state soil in the measuring cylinder, be placed on the LOAD CELLS 7 in the inner core 2.Use the Ma Shi bottle A6 of outer sleeve 1 connection to outer sleeve 1 soil water supply, regulate the head of Ma Shi bottle A6, make it reach the water cut that does not limit soil evaporation.Ma Shi bottle B9 in the use measuring cylinder 3 regulates the head of Ma Shi bottle B9 to the soil water supply in the measuring cylinder 3, makes it reach the water cut that does not limit soil evaporation.
The interval is after certain period, and read table 8 numerical difference between by LOAD CELLS 7 subtract and draw the poor of two inferior qualities, soil evaporativeness that namely should the period.With this understanding, this soil evaporativeness is close to the potential evaporation amount of this soil, i.e. soil evaporation potential under this condition.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here can't give all embodiments exhaustive.Everyly belong to the row that apparent variation that technical scheme of the present invention extends out or change still are in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a soil evaporation potential measuring method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
⑴ the feed pipe A (4) that outer sleeve (1) is inner connects Ma Shi bottle A (6) by connecting pipe (5); Then, fill original-state soil for outer sleeve (1);
⑵ be installed in inner core (2) in the soil of outer sleeve (1), the surface a little more than soil in the outer sleeve (1) suitable for reading; LOAD CELLS (7) in the inner core (2) and the read table (8) of weighing are connected;
⑶ connect the Ma Shi bottle B (9) in the measuring cylinder (3) and feed pipe B (10), and give in the measuring cylinder (3) and fill original-state soil, then measuring cylinder (3) is installed on the LOAD CELLS (7) of inner core (2);
⑷ add water to Ma Shi bottle A (6) and Ma Shi bottle B (9), keeps the moisture of soil in outer sleeve (1) and the inner core (2) constant;
⑸ the mass change that sense by read table (8) observation LOAD CELLS (7), the difference of the quality after the fixed intervals is the soil evaporativeness of this period;
Wherein, soil evaporation potential, namely the soil potential evaporation amount refers to the water evaporation quantity of soil when unlimited water supply.
2. device that soil evaporation potential measuring method as claimed in claim 1 is used, it is characterized in that, comprise outer sleeve (1), inner core (2), measuring cylinder (3), feed pipe A (4), connecting pipe (5), Ma Shi bottle A (6), LOAD CELLS (7), the read table (8) of weighing, Ma Shi bottle B (9), feed pipe B (10), described outer sleeve (1) inside arranges inner core (2) and feed pipe A (4), described feed pipe A (4) connects Ma Shi bottle A (6) by connecting pipe (5), described inner core (2) inside is provided with measuring cylinder (3) and LOAD CELLS (7), described measuring cylinder (3) is arranged on the LOAD CELLS (7), be provided with Ma Shi bottle B (9) and feed pipe B (10) in this measuring cylinder (3), this LOAD CELLS (7) is connected with read table (8).
3. soil evaporation potential measuring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described outer sleeve (1) is for there being the cylinder at the end, and diameter is greater than 40cm, and the bottom circumference is provided with feed pipe A (4).
4. soil evaporation potential measuring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described measuring cylinder (3) is for there being round-ended cylinder, and the external diameter of measuring cylinder (3) is slightly less than the internal diameter of inner core (2), highly slightly is shorter than inner core (2).
5. soil evaporation potential measuring device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described measuring cylinder (3) is arranged on the interior LOAD CELLS (7) of inner core (2), and the upper open height of the suitable for reading and inner core (2) of measuring cylinder (3) is consistent.
6. soil evaporation potential measuring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described measuring cylinder (3) bottom circumference is provided with the feed pipe B (10) that connects the Ma Shi bottle B (9) that guarantees that soil moisture is constant; The inner splendid attire soil of measuring cylinder (3), native face is consistent with the native face of outer sleeve (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110209788 CN102305751B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-07-26 | Soil evaporation potential measuring method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110209788 CN102305751B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-07-26 | Soil evaporation potential measuring method and device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102305751A CN102305751A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
| CN102305751B true CN102305751B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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| CN 201110209788 Expired - Fee Related CN102305751B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-07-26 | Soil evaporation potential measuring method and device |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102590016B (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-11-06 | 中国农业大学 | Measurement method of soil moisture characteristic curve measurement device |
| CN105067474B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-08-08 | 北京师范大学 | A kind of original position soil evaporative capacity measuring apparatus |
| CN105445140A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-03-30 | 成都汉维斯科技有限公司 | Evaporation testing method based on weighing method |
| CN106442196A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 徐州市伟思水务科技有限公司 | Weighing type automatic subsurface evaporation-filtration measuring device |
| CN107158726B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-07-02 | 成都汉维斯科技有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic evaporation station |
| CN109490033B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-11-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Pretreatment device for removing inorganic carbon in rock sample |
| CN109900589A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-18 | 山西农业大学 | For drawing the measurement device and its application method of characteristic curve of soil moisture |
| CN110927149A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-27 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Device and method for testing protection time of civil air defense special catalyst DMMP |
| CN113324869A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-31 | 河海大学 | Measuring system capable of monitoring evaporation rate of underground water |
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| US4142403A (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-03-06 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Method and means for testing soils |
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| CN202159003U (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-03-07 | 北京师范大学 | Soil evaporation potential measuring device |
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2011
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4142403A (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-03-06 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Method and means for testing soils |
| CN201503378U (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2010-06-09 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Automatic regurgitation-feeding type lysimeter |
| CN201885942U (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-06-29 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Soil evaporation sensor |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 土壤水分蒸发测定实验方法的研究;高晓飞等;《实验技术与管理》;20090630;第26卷(第6期);第212-214页 * |
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