CN102299960A - Peer-to-peer (P2P) technology-based network file system and method - Google Patents
Peer-to-peer (P2P) technology-based network file system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a peer-to-peer (P2P) technology-based network file system and a method. The file storage ways of P2P and a (client/server) C/S structure are synthesized, all file content is stored at each P2P client side, a file directory area and metadata are stored onto a server supporting the P2P technology, when a P2P client side is required to access a file, attribute information such as metadata of the file is firstly obtained from a local casher or the server supporting the P2P technology, then the file data is searched and accessed through a P2P way, the storage expansion of the network file system is improved, and the storage requirement of a large-scale client side can be satisfied; the file content data is stored in the entire network file system in a distribution way, so the server is no longer an access hot spot, the pressure of the server and the failure possibility of a single spot can be greatly reduced; and the data is transmitted by utilizing the P2P way, so the file data can be accessed at a high speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the computer data field of storage, relate in particular to a kind of NFS and method based on the P2P technology.
Background technology
NFS (Network File System, NFS), be meant in the method for shared disk file between the computer on the network, the telefile that is stored in by this method on the server can provide transparent file access and file transfer to client, client need not to spend the storage and maintenance that any cost carries out file, and it is convenient just to be positioned on the client terminal local hard disk drive as visit when the file of access server end.NFS makes the client-access telefile flexible more and convenient.
The structure of present NFS normally C/S (promptly, a station server (S) is supported the conduct interviews pattern of file of some client computer (C) for client/server, Client/Server) pattern.The All Files data all are stored on the server, the file on the long-range access server of client computer.There is following problem in the framework of this NFS:
1, poor expandability is difficult to be applied to a large amount of memory nodes and client group system;
2, data centralization storage, the advanced feature of the balanced distributed file system of holding load not is easy to occur the performance bottleneck of system;
3, there is server Single Point of Faliure problem.
Therefore, traditional NFS is for pursuing the mass data throughput, existing the internet, applications of thousands of clients and memory node to seem unable to do what one wishes, need a kind of NFS, can increase the storage autgmentability, reduce the possibility of server stress and Single Point of Faliure, can be applicable to the storage demand of large scale customer end.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of NFS and method, can increase the storage autgmentability, reduce the possibility of server stress and Single Point of Faliure, can be applicable to the storage demand of large scale customer end based on the P2P technology.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of NFS based on the P2P technology, comprising:
Support the server of P2P technology, the directory area and the metadata that are used to store All Files, described metadata comprises the field of representing file content;
A plurality of P2P clients are used for distributed storage file content and copy thereof, obtain the bibliographic structure and the metadata of file from the described server of P2P technology of supporting, and search for other all P2P clients with the access file content by the P2P method.
Further, described metadata also comprises unfolding mode type, size, creation-time, last edit session, the field of last access time of representing file respectively.
Further, each P2P client is carried out the stripping and slicing storage according to a glue file piece size to file content, comprising:
Whether the length of the file content that judgement will be stored if not, directly stores this document content to described metadata in greater than a length threshold; If the size of file content is judged in continuation;
Whether the size of judging file content is greater than this glue file piece size, and if not, this document content is divided into a blocks of files storage, calculates the summary info of the summary of this document piece as this document content; If, according to this glue file piece size file content is divided into a plurality of blocks of files, calculate the summary of each blocks of files, to obtain the summary info of this document content;
Described metadata is preserved other pointer of piecemeal level that comprises the summary info of this document content.
Further, the described summary that calculates each blocks of files to obtain the summary info of this document content, comprising:
Make up the summary of each blocks of files, and judge that whether the summary sum that makes up is greater than this glue file piece size;
If not, with the summary info of described summary sum as this document content;
If, described summary sum is carried out piecemeal, calculate the summary of each summary piece, make up the summary of each summary piece, and judge described each the summary piece the summary sum whether greater than this glue file piece size, circulation is carried out, and is not more than this glue file piece size up to the summary sum that is combined into, with the summary info of other summary sum of this piecemeal level as this document content.
Further, describedly search for all P2P clients with the access file content, comprising by the P2P method:
File request person's P2P client is obtained bibliographic structure and the metadata of wanting access file from the server of described support P2P technology;
File request person's P2P client passes to the Query Information of wanting the data block of access file according to the described bibliographic structure of wanting access file and metadata and is adjacent the P2P client;
If described adjacent P2P client contains the described access file of wanting, the information of just returning a search hit is given described file request person's P2P client, the P2P client of setting up described file request person with contain described point-to-point connection of P2P client of wanting access file;
If described adjacent P2P client does not all contain the described access file of wanting, just described Query Information is transmitted to down the adjacent P2P client of one deck.
Further, when described file request person's P2P client was searched for all P2P clients with the access file content by the P2P method, the search depth that described file request person's P2P client is searched for other P2P clients was 3～10.
Accordingly, the invention provides a kind of method of the file content piecemeal being stored, comprising based on the NFS of P2P technology:
Described P2P client begins the file content storage, and whether the length of the file content that judgement will be stored if not, directly stores this document content to described metadata in greater than a length threshold; If the size of file content is judged in continuation;
Whether the size of judging file content is greater than a glue file piece size, and if not, this document content is divided into a blocks of files storage, calculates the summary info of the summary of this document piece as this document content; If, according to this glue file piece size file content is divided into a plurality of blocks of files, calculate the summary of each blocks of files, to obtain the summary info of this document content;
Described metadata is preserved other pointer of piecemeal level that comprises the summary info of this document content, and the file content storage finishes.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of method of the NFS access file based on the P2P technology, comprising:
One file request person's P2P client is obtained bibliographic structure and the metadata of wanting access file from the server of described support P2P technology;
Described file request person's P2P client passes to the Query Information of wanting the data block of access file according to the described bibliographic structure of wanting access file and metadata and is adjacent the P2P client;
If described adjacent P2P client contains the described access file of wanting, the information of just returning a search hit is given described file request person's P2P client, the P2P client of setting up described file request person with contain described point-to-point connection of P2P client of wanting access file;
If described adjacent P2P client does not all contain the described access file of wanting, just described Query Information is transmitted to down the adjacent P2P client of one deck.
Compared with prior art, NFS and method based on the P2P technology provided by the invention, the All Files content stores in each P2P client, on the server of supporting the P2P technology, is brought following beneficial effect with file directory district and metadata store:
1, content-data and directory area, the separated from meta-data of file are stored, increased the autgmentability of NFS storage, be applicable to the storage demand of large scale customer end;
2, file content data distributed storage is in whole NFS, and server is being not the visit focus, has significantly reduced the possibility of server stress and Single Point of Faliure;
3, the file content data are carried out piecemeal according to a glue file piece size, and utilize the P2P mode to carry out transfer of data, and the high speed access of file data is provided.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the configuration diagram based on the NFS of P2P technology of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram that the NFS based on the P2P technology of the embodiment of the invention two is stored the file content piecemeal;
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram based on the NFS access file of P2P technology of the embodiment of the invention three.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments NFS and the method based on the P2P technology that the present invention proposes is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the NFS based on the P2P technology of the embodiment of the invention one comprises:
Support the server 10 of P2P technology, the directory area and the metadata that are used to store All Files; And
A plurality of P2P client 20a, 20b ..., 20n is used for distributed storage file content and copy thereof and access file content.
The present invention is based on directory area, metadata and the file content data separating of the NFS of P2P technology with file data.This method not only can make file data use the mode of P2P to be distributed in the whole network environment more easily, with the transmission speed that improves file, the load pressure that reduces server, and can increase the extensibility of whole NFS, more jumbo stores service support is provided.
The file directory district that the present invention is based on the NFS of P2P technology adopts the C/S structure, the directory area and the metadata of All Files are left on the server (S) 10 of supporting the P2P technology, and each P2P client (C) (for example 20a among Fig. 1) at first needs to obtain from the server 10 of supporting the P2P technology metadata of the bibliographic structure and the file of file when access file.This P2P client (for example 20a among Fig. 1) is by setting up file cache, and in most of the cases, the directory area and the file metadata that only need to read an All Files from the server 10 of supporting the P2P technology get final product.After obtaining file directory district and metadata, the method that just can pass through P2P (Peer-to-Peer, point-to-point) to other clients P2P of whole NFS client (20b among Fig. 1 for example ..., 20n) demand file has been visited.
Further, the file metadata of the NFS based on the P2P technology provided by the invention will comprise following field:
Content: expression file content;
MimeType: the mime type of expression file, can set this document by the mime type by which kind of application program opens file, wherein, the mime type is exactly to set the mode type that the file of certain extension name is opened with a kind of application program, be used to specify the self-defining filename of some clients more, and some media file unfolding mode, when this extension name file was accessed, browser can use specified application to open automatically;
Filesize: expression file size;
EditTime: represent last edit session, interocclusal record when using UTC (universal time);
CreateTime: expression creation-time, interocclusal record when using UTC;
LastAccessTime: represent the last access time, Optional Field, interocclusal record when using UTC;
Tags: tag (bookmark) tabulation of expression this document, Optional Field.
Wherein, because file content may comprise spcial character, in the present embodiment file content is carried out base64 coding (length is increased to original 4/3 times), Base64 is modal one of coded system of transmitting by the 8Bit syllabified code that is used on the network.
For the file less than SmallFileSize (maximum length of expression small-sized document is as 4KB), content character string (before the base64 coding) is: " 0＜Content〉", direct include file content among the expression content, rather than a pointer.
For the situation of file content greater than SmallFileSize, after the P2P client is divided into several blocks of files and stores file content, the content character string is " n＜key1〉＜key2〉... ", wherein n is the progression of pointer, n is greater than 0,＜key1 〉,＜key2〉... represent the Digest (summary) of each blocks of files of piecemeal storage respectively, Digest is meant the file data blocks summary that calculates by md5-challenge.This md5-challenge can be the SHA1 algorithm, but is not limited to the SHA1 algorithm.
The storage of embodiment two file content piecemeals
As shown in Figure 2, the embodiment of the invention two provides a kind of method of the file content piecemeal being stored based on the NFS of P2P technology, may further comprise the steps:
Step S20: described P2P client begins the file content storage, and whether the length of the file content that judgement will be stored if not, directly stores this document content to metadata in (as step S21 shown in) greater than a length threshold, and the file content storage finishes; If, execution in step S22;
Step S22: beginning file content piecemeal storage, whether the size of then judging file content is greater than a glue file piece size, if not, this document content is used as a blocks of files storage (shown in step S23), and calculate the summary info (as step S24 shown in) of the summary of this document piece as this document content, execution in step S29 then; If, direct execution in step S25;
Step S25: according to this glue file piece size file content is divided into a plurality of blocks of files storages, calculates the summary of each blocks of files then, and make up the summary of each blocks of files, subsequently execution in step S26;
Step S26: whether the summary sum of judging combination is greater than this glue file piece size, and if not, direct execution in step S27 is with the summary info of described summary sum as this document content; If, execution in step S28;
Step S28: described summary sum is carried out piecemeal (be about to described summary sum and be divided into a plurality of summary pieces), calculate the summary of each summary piece, make up the summary of each summary piece then, and judge described each the summary piece the summary sum whether greater than this glue file piece size, circulation is carried out, be less than or equal to this glue file piece size, then execution in step S27 up to the summary sum that is combined into;
Step S27: with the summary info of other summary sum of this piecemeal level as this document content, then, described metadata is preserved other pointer of piecemeal level (shown in figure S29) that comprises the summary info of this document content, and the file content storage finishes.
Embodiment two file accesss
As shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the invention three provides a kind of method of the NFS access file based on the P2P technology, may further comprise the steps:
Step S31, a file request person P2P client is obtained bibliographic structure and the metadata of wanting access file from the server of described support P2P technology;
Step S32, described file request person's P2P client passes to the Query Information of wanting the data block of access file according to the described bibliographic structure of wanting access file and metadata and is adjacent the P2P client;
Step S33, if described adjacent P2P client contains the described access file of wanting, the information of just returning a search hit is given described file request person's P2P client, the P2P client of setting up described file request person with contain described point-to-point connection of P2P client of wanting access file;
Step S34 if described adjacent P2P client does not all contain the described access file of wanting, just is transmitted to down described Query Information the adjacent P2P client of one deck.
Need to prove that for fear of producing the flood effect, when described file request person's P2P client is searched for all P2P clients with the access file content by the P2P method, need carry out search depth control, preferred, the search depth TTL of setting is 3～10.For example when initial ranging, it is 3 that TTL (search depth) is set.Every search one deck P2P client, TTL will subtract 1, does not also search the described access file of wanting if TTL reduces to 0, then stops search.If search the described access file of wanting, the information of just returning a search hit is given described file request person's P2P client, the P2P client of setting up described file request person with contain described point-to-point connection of P2P client of wanting access file.Circulation in search procedure, may occur, but,, in the time of TTL=0, can finish search procedure by nature so this circulation can not go on forever because TTL control is arranged.
In sum, NFS based on the P2P technology provided by the invention, merged the document storage mode of P2P and C/S structure, with the All Files content stores in each P2P client, with file directory district and metadata store on the server of supporting the P2P technology, when the P2P client needs access file, at first obtain the attribute informations such as metadata of this document from the server of local cache or support P2P technology, search in the mode of P2P afterwards, the access file data, increase the autgmentability of NFS storage, be applicable to the storage demand of large scale customer end; File content data distributed storage is in whole NFS, and server is being not the visit focus, has significantly reduced the possibility of server stress and Single Point of Faliure; And utilize the P2P mode to carry out transfer of data, the high speed access of file data is provided.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (10)
1. the NFS based on the P2P technology is characterized in that, comprising:
Support the server of P2P technology, the directory area and the metadata that are used to store All Files, described metadata comprises the field of representing file content;
A plurality of P2P clients are used for distributed storage file content and copy thereof, obtain the bibliographic structure and the metadata of file from the described server of P2P technology of supporting, and search for other all P2P clients with the access file content by the P2P method.
2. according to claim 1 based on the NFS of P2P technology, it is characterized in that described metadata also comprises unfolding mode type, size, creation-time, last edit session, the field of last access time of representing file respectively.
3. according to claim 1 based on the NFS of P2P technology, it is characterized in that each P2P client is carried out the stripping and slicing storage according to a glue file piece size to file content, comprising:
Whether the length of the file content that judgement will be stored if not, directly stores this document content to described metadata in greater than a length threshold; If the size of file content is judged in continuation;
Whether the size of judging file content is greater than this glue file piece size, and if not, this document content is divided into a blocks of files storage, calculates the summary info of the summary of this document piece as this document content; If, according to this glue file piece size file content is divided into a plurality of blocks of files, calculate the summary of each blocks of files, to obtain the summary info of this document content;
Described metadata is preserved other pointer of piecemeal level that comprises the summary info of this document content.
As described in the claim 3 based on the NFS of P2P technology, it is characterized in that the described summary that calculates each blocks of files to obtain the summary info of this document content, comprising:
Make up the summary of each blocks of files, and judge that whether the summary sum that makes up is greater than this glue file piece size;
If not, with the summary info of described summary sum as this document content;
If, described summary sum is carried out piecemeal, described summary sum is divided into a plurality of summary pieces, calculate the summary of each summary piece, make up each the summary piece summary, and judge described each the summary piece the summary sum whether greater than this glue file piece size, circulation is carried out, be not more than this glue file piece size up to the summary sum that is combined into, with the summary info of other summary sum of this piecemeal level as this document content.
5. according to claim 1 based on the NFS of P2P technology, it is characterized in that, describedly search for all P2P clients with the access file content, comprising by the P2P method:
File request person's P2P client is obtained bibliographic structure and the metadata of wanting access file from the server of described support P2P technology;
File request person's P2P client passes to the Query Information of wanting the data block of access file according to the described bibliographic structure of wanting access file and metadata and is adjacent the P2P client;
If described adjacent P2P client contains the described access file of wanting, the information of just returning a search hit is given described file request person's P2P client, the P2P client of setting up described file request person with contain described point-to-point connection of P2P client of wanting access file;
If described adjacent P2P client does not all contain the described access file of wanting, just described Query Information is transmitted to down the adjacent P2P client of one deck.
As described in the claim 5 based on the NFS of P2P technology, it is characterized in that, when described file request person's P2P client was searched for all P2P clients with the access file content by the P2P method, the search depth that described file request person's P2P client is searched for other P2P clients was 3～10.
7. a method of the file content piecemeal being stored based on the NFS of P2P technology is characterized in that, comprising:
Described P2P client begins the file content storage, and whether the length of the file content that judgement will be stored if not, directly stores this document content to described metadata in greater than a length threshold; If the size of file content is judged in continuation;
Whether the size of judging file content is greater than a glue file piece size, and if not, this document content is divided into a blocks of files storage, calculates the summary info of the summary of this document piece as this document content; If, according to this glue file piece size file content is divided into a plurality of blocks of files, calculate the summary of each blocks of files, to obtain the summary info of this document content;
Described metadata is preserved other pointer of piecemeal level that comprises the summary info of this document content, and the file content storage finishes.
8. method of the file content piecemeal being stored based on the NFS of P2P technology as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the described summary that calculates each blocks of files to obtain the summary info of this document content, comprising:
Make up the summary of each blocks of files, and judge that whether the summary sum that makes up is greater than this glue file piece size;
If not, with the summary info of described summary sum as this document content;
If, described summary sum is carried out piecemeal, described summary sum is divided into a plurality of summary pieces, calculate the summary of each summary piece, make up each the summary piece summary, and judge described each the summary piece the summary sum whether greater than this glue file piece size, circulation is carried out, be not more than this glue file piece size up to the summary sum that is combined into, with the summary info of other summary sum of this piecemeal level as this document content.
9. the method based on the NFS access file of P2P technology is characterized in that, comprising:
One file request person's P2P client is obtained bibliographic structure and the metadata of wanting access file from the server of described support P2P technology;
Described file request person's P2P client passes to the Query Information of wanting the data block of access file according to the described bibliographic structure of wanting access file and metadata and is adjacent the P2P client;
If described adjacent P2P client contains the described access file of wanting, the information of just returning a search hit is given described file request person's P2P client, the P2P client of setting up described file request person with contain described point-to-point connection of P2P client of wanting access file;
If described adjacent P2P client does not all contain the described access file of wanting, just described Query Information is transmitted to down the adjacent P2P client of one deck.
10. the method for the NFS access file based on the P2P technology as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, when described file request person's P2P client was searched for all P2P clients with the access file content by the P2P method, the search depth that described file request person's P2P client is searched for other P2P clients was 3～10.
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