CN102243373B - Optical system of remote lens-type detector with super-large exit pupil diameter - Google Patents
Optical system of remote lens-type detector with super-large exit pupil diameter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the optical system of a remote lens-type detector with a super-large exit pupil diameter, comprising seven separate lenses orderly arrayed to be a first convex-concave lens, a second concave-concave lens, a third convex-convex lens, a fourth concave-concave lens, a fifth convex-convex lens, a sixth convex-concave lens and a seventh concave-convex lens along an optical axis. The optical system has the features of a large view field, a large aperture, a large calibre, a long focus and a high resolution; all the system adopts domestic common optical glass having a performance far above the performance of similar domestic and overseas systems while having a low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical system, especially a kind of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system.
Background technology
At the aircraft invention initial stage, pilot can only be by extraneous scenery with reference to judging aspect.In order to break through the limitation of weather to flight, people have invented flying instruments.By instrument, pilot can understand a large amount of useful flight informations.But the major limitation of instrument passenger cabin is: pilot can not obtain much information simultaneously.In-flight, pilot must promptly divert sb.'s attention at different instrument cubicles, to obtain information as much as possible.The deficiency of the information providing due to instrument in quantity and accuracy, makes instrument flight have limitation.The judgement that these limitation can cause pilot to do to make mistake in some situation, the illusion of namely often saying, and the illusion manipulation that will directly lead to errors directly leads to a disaster.The appearance of head-up display HUD (heads-up display) has solved the problems referred to above, airborne computer equipment is reflected to aobvious control computer parameter information, aobvious control computer control cathode ray tube CRT or liquid crystal LCD, the image that cathode-ray tube CRT or liquid crystal LCD produce incides in holographic display screen, provides real time data in dot-dash mode to pilot.Flat aobvious realization at a display interface shows bulk information simultaneously, and pilot awing need not divert sb.'s attention, just can obtain simultaneously aspect, highly, the information such as speed, quantity and the accuracy of information improve greatly.In opportunity of combat, head-up display provides the information such as flight, navigation and weapon aiming for pilot.The external image that relies on radar, low-light level television and forward-looking infrared sensor to produce, makes opportunity of combat pilot under bad weather condition, go deep into region of war double tides.
The major parameter of head-up display comprises field angle, resolution, display brightness and extraneous transmitance.Wherein field angle is a very important parameter, because pilot's attitude is can drive an airplane best as foundation with him, these are according to comprising his sense organ comfort level, convenience degree, the visibility of outdoor scene etc. of Instrumentation and Control device.Pilot often, by raising or reducing seat, reaches a suitable position, and this position is because of pilot's the different difference that exists of physique.The more important thing is, awing, pilot needs moving-head, therefore has a space that is called head movement scope, has comprised all head positions when pilot observes flat showing within the scope of head movement.By head movement scope, in conjunction with the field angle of low-light level television and forward-looking infrared sensor, can determine that flat aobvious field angle is at least 30 ° of (orientation) × 18 ° (pitching).
Head-up display is generally by electronic package EU and pilot's display module PDU(Pilot Display Unit) form.The complicated optical system that PDU is made up of the relay lens, refluxing reflection mirror, the surface composition glass that comprise some lens, has wherein comprised spherical lens, cylindrical lens, rotation non-spherical lens and non-rotating symmetrical non-spherical lens.
In pilot's display module PDU optical design, require to eliminate as far as possible following error:
Image geometric error.These errors comprise pointing error, dipvergence (difference of vertical aiming between eyes) and binocular convergence degree.Pointing error has been determined the accuracy of the picture position showing to pilot, and convergence representative image defocuses.If defocus too greatly, can cause the pilot can not flat aobvious image and the outside scenery view merging showing.If dipvergence and negative convergence degree are too large, can cause serious kopiopia, reduce pilot's work efficiency.
The deviation of the Bragg angle of every chief ray on hologram.
Different how much restraining factors of relay lens.Comprise the factors such as rims of the lens thickness, last picture position, picture size, lens diameter, lens integral position.
On the control of hologram chromatic aberration impact.The point of crossing of controlling two marginal rays of relay lens, makes the angle of diffraction of hologram approach incident angle.
To vitals---compound glass in pilot's display module PDU, require to have following optical property:
Must reduce the color aberration producing on hologram as far as possible;
How much imagings of hologram and how much imagings of relay lens influence each other, and therefore, the design before marking wave must be consistent with the design of relay lens;
The vision transmissivity of hologram and the reflectivity of reflective display image must be very high;
The brightness variation that shows image should be as far as possible little, and in visual field, the image of all field angle at each position all should be like this; The variation that sees through the light color of the non-diffraction wavelength of hologram should be as far as possible little;
The visible geometric displacement of the actual scenery of seeing by holographic compound glass must remain on minimum;
The afterimage of display should be minimum, requires to reduce the secondary reflection of hologram as far as possible, also requires hologram substrate to scribble the anti-reflection film that performance is fabulous;
Flicker should be minimum, requires to reduce the secondary transmission of hologram as far as possible.
Require to find out from above optical property.Pilot's display module PDU of head-up display has high requirement to precision, aberration, refractive index, transmissivity, emissivity.The system that head-up display is detected, need to the field angle in the time of pilot's practical operation in, to head-up display particularly every optical property of pilot's display module PDU test.This checkout equipment is called as flat aobvious detector.From traditional classical optics mentality of designing, under large distance of exit pupil, large exit pupil diameter, large viewing field condition, can realize putting down that head-up display and PDU assembly are detected and show detector, be considered to impossible.And the flat critical component showing in detector is optical system.
Summary of the invention
For above technical matters, the invention provides a kind of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system.Both realize large visual field, large aperture imaging, realized again distance of exit pupil far away, and met the technical requirement of the flat aobvious every detection of detector.
This remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system comprises seven separate type lens.It is the first male-female lens, second recessed-concavees lens, the 3rd protruding-convex lens, the 4th recessed-concavees lens, the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens, the 6th male-female lens and the 7th recessed-convex lens that seven separate type lens are arranged in order along optical axis.Described optical system also comprises graticule, even tabula rasa and lighting device, and described graticule and lighting device are positioned in the picture plane of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system.Described graticule is optical glass material, is carved with grid type degree, point reading above.The luminescent device of described lighting device is LED.
The lens specification of described optical system is as follows:
The diameter of the first male-female lens is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240mm, and thickness is 25.6mm, adopts the ZBAF4 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, or the BAH22 eyeglass of little former OHARA, or the BASF2 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929mm, and thickness is 19mm, adopts the H-K9L eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, or the S-BSL7 eyeglass of little former OHARA, or the BK7 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens is 243mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273mm, and thickness is 52mm, adopts the H-ZF1 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, or the S-TIM22 eyeglass of little former OHARA, or the SF2 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens is 242mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494mm, and thickness is 14.6mm, adopts the H-ZF52A eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, or the S-TIH53 eyeglass of little former OHARA, or the N-SF57 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens is 271mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425mm, and thickness is 52.5mm, adopts the ZBAF3 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, or the S-BSM25 eyeglass of little former OHARA, or the N-SSK5 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens is 254mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211mm, and thickness is 68mm, adopts the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, or the S-NSL36 eyeglass of little former OHARA, or the KF6 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens is 212mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151mm, and thickness is 38mm, adopts the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, or the S-NSL36 eyeglass of little former OHARA, or the KF6 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms.
Described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system field angle is greater than 25 °, and maximal phase is 1/2.5～1/3 to pore diameter range, and entrance pupil diameter is greater than 150mm, and exit pupil diameter is greater than 120mm, and distance of exit pupil is greater than 500mm.Described optical system maximum field of view angle reaches 2 ω=30 °, entrance pupil diameter (clear aperture) maximum=φ 180mm, exit pupil diameter maximum=φ 180mm(and entrance pupil equal diameters), maximum distance of exit pupil 550mm, in system, maximum lens diameter is φ 271mm.
During with described optical system measuring, place the glass graticule illuminating with LED lighting device at optical system focal plane place, the light that described LED lighting device sends, after even tabula rasa, changes pointolite or line source into area source.Describedly be used for measuring the requirement that whether touches the mark of flat aobvious HUD displayed information with degree, a point grid reading reticle.Because described optical system has the field angle of maximum 2 ω=30 °, the exit pupil diameter of maximum φ 180mm, and the distance of exit pupil of maximum 550mm.And the position of optical system exit pupil position, testing staff's eye pupil (eyespot), flat aobvious device system exit pupil position three overlap.Make in the testing staff's who is seated at detector front simulation pilot attitude visual effect and practical flight in full accord.Testing staff must not move, must yaw, and just can clearly observe total-grid degree on flat whole demonstrations on aobvious and graticule simultaneously, point show.In native system practical application, grid degree, point graticule information peace display information that what testing staff's eyes received send as plane, its energy all without light beam vignetting, can clearly read whole demonstrations in ° visual field, 2 ω=30.By grid degree, point aobvious HUD information of information peace on the graticule of stack, tester can compare the aobvious HUD image of graduation picture peace, and accurately carries out various performance tests.
This optical system is within the scope of 486.1 ~ 656.3nm visible light wave range, and bluish-green coloured light is within the scope of red light, and quality of optical imaging is outstanding, fully meets the requirement of visual observation.Compare with the modulation transfer function of this optical system and human eye.Human eye in good contrast and the sensitiveest wave band λ=555nm green-yellow light situation, when resolution of eye is every millimeter of demand pairs CYCLES/MM=6.6, modulation transfer function=0.1.And the present invention is at 486.1 ~ 656.3nm wave band, when 30 ° of the visual field, when resolution is every millimeter of demand pairs CYCLES/MM=18, modulation transfer function=0.13.As can be seen here, described optical system is all far above human eye in resolution and transfer function values, and precision is considerably beyond the limit of human eye observation.
The present invention is in 486.1 ~ 656.3nm wavelength band, and in 0 ° ~ 30 ° visual fields, maximal phase is 1.6% to distortion.In order to obtain better edge view field space resolution, adopt again the bearing calibration of optical system distortion compensation, can eliminate in theory the impact of distortion completely.
Described optical system distortion compensation bearing calibration comprises the steps:
Step 1: take field of view center as true origin, visual field is divided into n region, wherein n >=9;
Step 2: measure described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, calculate the distortion value change curve of described optical system;
Step 3: according to distortion value change curve, calculate graticule arc, the scale division modified value in n region;
Step 4: modified value is inputted to computing machine, produced by computer control amplification elimination the graticule figure of grid type degree scale division value of distortion; Use extensive printed-wiring board (PWB) manufacture craft, make the undistorted grid type degree being delivered for use and divide graticule.
As long as visual field is cut apart enough thin, institute's image point position value that obtains is also thinner, and the scale value of cutting apart grid graduation by visual field is also thinner, and precision is certain also higher, can eliminate in theory reading error that systematical distortion is introduced completely.But be limited to the restriction of computing power and division of the graticule density, n >=1000 in practical application.
In order further to improve precision, can also be undertaken by the method for software numerical evaluation:
Accept aforesaid step 4, follow-up comprising the steps:
Step 5: be arranged in order undistorted grid type degree along optical axis and divide graticule, remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, transit, reduced projection system, CCD camera;
Step 6: use respectively i, j(i=1,2 ... m, j=1,2 ... k) demarcate undistorted grid type degree and divide graticule to X-direction, each little square intersection point of Y direction, and take pictures with CCD camera, draw actual pixels coordinate (x, y);
Step 7: the desirable pixel coordinate (x that theory is calculated
0, y
0) and actual pixels coordinate (x, y) input one by one MATLAB software, draw with MATLAB
,
image, carries out Function Fitting, obtains the funtcional relationship of desirable pixel coordinate with respect to real image pixel coordinate;
Step 8: establishing fit equation is
, matching residual error standard deviation R can be expressed as
In above formula, K is sample size,
for
the desirable pixel coordinate value that fit equation calculates;
Step 9: setting matching number of times is two to nine times, obtains final curves fit equation
, will obtain measured value by described optical system, equation described in substitution, can draw revised exact value.
Be limited to modern PC arithmetic capability, matching number of times can draw the Fitting curve equation that meets accuracy requirement in the time of five to seven times within the suitable time.Through experiment, matching number of times, in the time of six times, is the best joint of precision and efficiency.Through actual measurement, in half field-of-view ± 10 ° ~ ± 15 ° of situations, compensation rear space resolution (grid degree, point graticule reading accuracy)≤1 '.
By the theoretical optical system distortion compensation alignment technique method combining with image processing of calculating of above-mentioned employing, the compensation correction distortion precision obtaining is high and very reliable, by implementing to have proved that the method can apply, be especially suitable for the compensation correction of large view field measurement optical system distortion.
To sum up, system of the present invention touches the mark and is far more than the flat aobvious HUD that will detect, and the contrast optical system that adopts optical system of the present invention to detect as flat aobvious HUD is very perfect, can fully meet flat aobvious HUD testing requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system structural drawing;
Fig. 2 is optical system application drawing;
Fig. 3 distortion compensation is proofreaied and correct proving installation.
Being labeled as of each element in figure:
1, the first male-female lens;
2, second is recessed-concavees lens;
3, the 3rd is protruding-convex lens;
4, the 4th is recessed-concavees lens;
5, the 5th is protruding-convex aspheric surface lens;
6, the 6th male-female lens;
7, the 7th is recessed-convex lens;
8, as plane;
9, exit pupil diameter;
10, entrance pupil diameter;
11, distance of exit pupil;
12, remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system;
13, flat aobvious HUD;
14, optical system exit pupil position, testing staff's eye pupil position and HUD exit pupil position;
15, catoptron;
16, beam splitter;
17, the grid type degree of band illumination divides graticule;
18, optical system to be measured;
19, transit;
20, optical projection system;
21, CCD camera;
22, computing machine.
Embodiment
For describing technical purpose and the technique effect of technology contents of the present invention, architectural feature, realization in detail, be elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1: a kind of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, comprises seven separate type lens, is positioned at glass graticule and lighting device as plane.It is the first male-female lens 1, second recessed-concavees lens 2, the 3rd protruding-convex lens 3, the 4th recessed-concavees lens 4, the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5, the 6th male-female lens 6 and the 7th recessed-convex lens 7 that seven separate type lens are arranged in order along optical axis.Described glass graticule is with grid type degree, point reading, and the light source that described lighting device adopts is white light LEDs.Glass graticule and lighting device are placed in the picture plane 8 of described optical system.
Lens specification and the assembling mode of described optical system are as follows:
The diameter of the first male-female lens 1 is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240mm, and thickness is 25.6mm, and the ZBAF4 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in employing Chengdu grinds and forms;
Air layer between mirror, diameter is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is 982mm, and thickness is 8.5mm;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens 2 is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929mm that thickness is 19mm, adopts the H-K9L eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter is 194mm, and radius-of-curvature is 249mm, and thickness is 65.5mm;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens 3 is 243mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273mm, and thickness is 52mm, adopts the H-ZF1 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter is 243mm, radius-of-curvature is-493mm that thickness is 2mm;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens 4 is 242mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494mm that thickness is 14.6mm, adopts the H-ZF52A eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter is 243mm, and radius-of-curvature is 379mm, and thickness is 40.6mm;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5 is 271mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425mm, and thickness is 52.5mm, adopts the ZBAF3 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter is 272mm, radius-of-curvature is-434mm that thickness is 34.5mm;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens 6 is 254mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211mm, and thickness is 68.6mm, adopts the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter is 214mm, and radius-of-curvature is 164mm, and thickness is 106mm;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens 7 is 212mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151mm that thickness is 38mm, adopts the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter is 239mm, radius-of-curvature is-230mm that thickness is 155mm.
Assemble as stated above after adjustment completes, described optical system focal length=522mm, field angle 2 ω=30 °, maximal phase is 1/2.5～1/3 to pore diameter range, entrance pupil diameter phi
enter=exit pupil diameter φ
go out=φ 180mm, distance of exit pupil=550mm.
In described optical system, maximum lens are the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5, and diameter is φ 271mm.The 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5 are secondary rotating conical surface eyeglass.Use this non-spherical lens, increased the independent variable of Optimized System Design, obtained higher quality of optical imaging.Use after this non-spherical lens, not only reduced the sum of eyeglass in optical system, also reduced the complexity of optical system, be conducive to fill school debugging.In the time of combination reconditioning aspheric surface, further improve again and improved system integration optical quality, make it considerably beyond the needed technical requirement of visual observation system.In addition adopt aspheric surface technology to make seven lens materials in this optical system mostly be ordinary optical glass, few with or without manufacturability is poor, corrosion-prone, heavy, price is valuable special optical glass.Reduce system manufacturing cost, reduced optical system overall weight, laid a good foundation for promoting the use of with volume production.
When use, described optical system 12 is put into detector, will be placed in optical system as in plane with grid type degree, point reading glass graticule and lighting device, adjusting focal length makes the picture of glass graticule become clear.To put down again aobvious HUD13 and put into detector, power up to flat aobvious HUD13, electronic package EU starts to pilot's display module PDU various Aerial Electronic Equipments of upper output and sensor signal, as various digital quantity signals, discrete magnitude signal, DC analogue quantity signal and ac analog signal.The light that flat aobvious HUD13 sends is through " catoptron 15-beam splitter 16-observation window ", and the light that optical system 12 is sent arrives testing staff's eye pupil through " beam splitter 16-observation window ".
Because optical system 12 is at 486.1 ~ 656.3nm visible light wave range, when 30 ° of the visual field, every millimeter of demand pairs CYCLES/MM=18 of resolution, maximal phase, to distorting 1.6%, is every millimeter of demand pairs CYCLES/MM=6.6 much larger than human eye ultimate resolution.Now modulation transfer function=0.13 of optical system 12, is also greater than modulation transfer function=0.1 of human eye, and visual picture mass attenuation is also better than human eye.
The present invention contrasts entrance pupil diameter (being the clear aperture)=φ 120mm retrieving in existing document, center view field space resolution 1 arc divides, edge view field space resolution 3 arcs divide, 2 ω=20 °, system visual field, in need not moving-head situation, instantaneous field of view=20 ° that eye is seen, maximal phase is 5% to distortion, wavelength band 540nm ~ 560nm, system exit pupil diameter only can hold two (i.e. two 8mm diameter eye pupils, add two spacing of 65mm, 8+8+65=81mm), need moving-head just can see the optical system of optical device to be measured clearly, there is obvious performance advantage.
The present invention is for detection of flat aobvious HUD, and in subrogate country, the old system of performance, has obtained expert and user's high evaluation.
Embodiment 1 is further improved and obtains embodiment 2: described optical system lens optical glass used is done to following replacement
The diameter of the first male-female lens 1 is 190.55mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240.24mm, and thickness is 25.6mm, adopts the BAH22 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens 2 is 190.00mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929.83mm, and thickness is 19mm, adopts the S-BSL7 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens 3 is 243.81mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273.68mm, and thickness is 52mm, adopts the S-TIM22 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens 4 is 242.65mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494.14mm, and thickness is 14.6mm, adopts the S-TIH53 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5 is 271.27mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425.78mm, and thickness is 52.5mm, adopts the S-BSM25 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens 6 is 254.29mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211.02mm, and thickness is 68.6mm, adopts the S-NSL36 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens 7 is 212.50mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151.16mm, and thickness is 38mm, adopts the S-NSL36 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms.
Embodiment 3: described optical system lens optical glass used is done to following replacement
The diameter of the first male-female lens 1 is 190.5579mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240.2443mm, and thickness is 25.6mm, and the BASF2 eyeglass of employing Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens 2 is 190.0031mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929.831mm, and thickness is 19mm, adopts the BK7 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens 3 is 243.8119mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273.6819mm, and thickness is 52mm, adopts the SF2 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens 4 is 242.6536mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494.1413mm, and thickness is 14.6mm, adopts the N-SF57 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5 is 271.2765mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425.7898mm, and thickness is 52.5mm, adopts the N-SSK5 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens 6 is 254.2904mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211.0263mm, and thickness is 68.613mm, and the KF6 eyeglass of employing Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens 7 is 212.5059mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151.1396mm, and thickness is 38mm, adopts the KF6 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH to grind and forms.
Use import optical glass, lens machining precision is improved, and glass range of choice has obtained expansion, and optical system imaging quality is promoted.
Embodiment 4: a kind of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, structure is with embodiment 1.Be only on 1.6% basis in relative distortion, for further eliminating system spare maximal phase, distortion value is affected edge view field space resolution, eliminate or minimizing graticule reading error, adopt again the bearing calibration of optical system distortion compensation, further eliminate the impact of distortion, make system edges view field space resolution (position readings precision)≤1 '.
The present embodiment uses optical design theory, carry out Optimized System Design by ZEMAX, CODE V software, to comprise the form analysis of system initial configuration, calculate and determine adjustment and aberration balancing, the independent variable of the various aberrations (basic aberration, senior aberration) that will proofread and correct, aberration desired value choose with determine, that border (constraint) condition is chosen, controlled to evaluation function is given and be adjusted at interior many kinds of parameters and repeatedly verify, has reached good effect.After optimizing, the present embodiment optical glass only needs the domestic ordinary optical glass that uses " Chengdu light " glass storehouse to produce, just can reach large visual field, large aperture, heavy caliber, high-resolution technique effect, and significantly reduce cost, promoted optical glass model and chosen and the redundance of changing.
The present invention can be used as the basis of " large visual field tester " system.Can solve the technical barrier of large visual field optical system test.Can effectively apply any optical device that need to test under large viewing field condition.Do not have in the market this type of tester product, once introduce to the market, the economic benefit of generation is considerable.
Imaging optical system structure of the present invention and design philosophy, can be photograph, look in the distance, optical projection system uses for reference, and especially can be used for the optical system of the large visual field of requirement, large aperture, heavy caliber, long-focus.
Embodiment 5: a kind of optical system distortion compensation bearing calibration of applying in remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, comprises the steps:
Step 1: take field of view center as true origin, visual field is divided into n region, wherein n >=9, n gets 3072 here;
Step 2: measure described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, calculate the distortion value change curve of described optical system;
Step 3: according to distortion value change curve, calculate graticule arc, the scale division modified value in n region;
Step 4: modified value is inputted to computing machine, produced by computer control amplification elimination the graticule figure of grid type degree scale division value of distortion; Use extensive printed-wiring board (PWB) manufacture craft, make the undistorted grid type degree being delivered for use and divide graticule.
Step 5: be arranged in order undistorted grid type degree along optical axis and divide graticule, remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, transit, reduced projection system, CCD camera;
Step 6: use respectively i, j(i=1,2 ... m, j=1,2 ... k) demarcate undistorted grid type degree and divide graticule to X-direction, each little square intersection point of Y direction, and take pictures with CCD camera, draw actual pixels coordinate (x, y);
Step 7: the desirable pixel coordinate (x that theory is calculated
0, y
0) and actual pixels coordinate (x, y) input one by one MATLAB software, draw with MATLAB
,
image, carries out Function Fitting, obtains the funtcional relationship of desirable pixel coordinate with respect to real image pixel coordinate;
Step 8: establishing fit equation is
, matching residual error standard deviation R can be expressed as
In above formula, K is sample size,
for
the desirable pixel coordinate value that fit equation calculates;
Step 9: setting matching number of times is six times, obtains final curves fit equation
, will obtain measured value by described optical system, equation described in substitution, can draw revised exact value.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is not limiting the scope of the present invention; as long as adopting technical scheme of the present invention; or be only any conventional the modification or equivalent variations that can make by those of ordinary skill in the art, all fall among the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (1)
1. an optical system distortion compensation bearing calibration of applying in remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: take field of view center as true origin, visual field is divided into n region, wherein n >=9;
Step 2: measure described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, calculate the distortion value change curve of described optical system;
Step 3: according to distortion value change curve, calculate graticule arc, the scale division modified value in n region;
Step 4: modified value is inputted to computing machine, produced by computer control amplification elimination the graticule figure of grid type degree scale division value of distortion; Make the undistorted grid type degree being delivered for use and divide graticule;
Step 5: be arranged in order undistorted grid type degree along optical axis and divide graticule, remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, transit, reduced projection system, CCD camera;
Step 6: use respectively i, j(i=1,2 ... m, j=1,2 ... k) demarcating undistorted grid type degree divides graticule to X-direction, each little square intersection point of Y direction, and take pictures with CCD camera, draw actual pixels coordinate (x, y), described m, k represents positive integer;
Step 7: the desirable pixel coordinate (x that theory is calculated
0, y
0) and actual pixels coordinate (x, y) input one by one MATLAB software, draw (x-x with MATLAB
0, y-y
0) image, carry out Function Fitting, obtain the funtcional relationship of desirable pixel coordinate with respect to real image pixel coordinate;
Step 8: establishing fit equation is
, matching residual error standard deviation R can be expressed as
;
In above formula, K is sample size,
represent the pixel coordinate calculating by fit equation,
the desirable pixel coordinate that representation theory calculates;
Step 9: setting matching number of times is two to nine times, obtains final fit equation
, will obtain measured value by described optical system, equation described in substitution, can draw revised exact value.
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| CN102435146A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-05-02 | 广州标旗电子科技有限公司 | Optical lens center thickness measuring system and method |
| FI124942B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2015-03-31 | Inkron Ltd | TRANSITIONAL METAL PARTICULARS AND PROCEDURES FOR PREPARING THEREOF |
| CN107078291A (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2017-08-18 | 英克罗恩有限公司 | Crystalline transitional oxide particle and the continuation method for preparing the crystalline transitional oxide particle |
| CN106017871A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | High-precision large-aperture optical lens distortion calibration device and calibration method |
| CN109188681B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-10-09 | 上海理工大学 | Method for compensating distortion error caused by F-theta focusing lens |
| CN112221134B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-05-31 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Virtual environment-based picture display method, device, equipment and medium |
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