CN102243373A - Optical system of remote lens-type detector with super-large exit pupil diameter - Google Patents
Optical system of remote lens-type detector with super-large exit pupil diameter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the optical system of a remote lens-type detector with a super-large exit pupil diameter, comprising seven separate lenses orderly arrayed to be a first convex-concave lens, a second concave-concave lens, a third convex-convex lens, a fourth concave-concave lens, a fifth convex-convex lens, a sixth convex-concave lens and a seventh concave-convex lens along an optical axis. The optical system has the features of a large view field, a large aperture, a large calibre, a long focus and a high resolution; all the system adopts domestic common optical glass having a performance far above the performance of similar domestic and overseas systems while having a low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical system, especially a kind of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system.
Background technology
At the aircraft invention initial stage, the pilot can only be by extraneous scenery with reference to judging aspect.In order to break through the limitation of weather to flight, people have invented flying instruments.By instrument, the pilot can understand a large amount of useful flight informations.But the major limitation of instrument passenger cabin is: the pilot can not obtain multiple information simultaneously.In-flight, the pilot must promptly divert sb.'s attention at different instrument cubicles, to obtain information as much as possible.Because the deficiency of information on quantity and accuracy that instrument provides makes instrument flight have limitation.The judgement that these limitation can cause the pilot to do to make mistake in some situation, the illusion of often saying just, and the illusion manipulation that will directly lead to errors directly leads to a disaster.The appearance of head-up display HUD (heads-up display) has solved the problems referred to above, airborne computer equipment is reflected to apparent control computer to parameter information, show control computer control cathode ray tube CRT or liquid crystal LCD, the image that cathode-ray tube CRT or liquid crystal LCD produce incides on the holographic display screen, provides real time data in the dot-dash mode to the pilot.Flat showing realized showing bulk information simultaneously at a display interface, and the pilot awing need not divert sb.'s attention, just can obtain simultaneously aspect, highly, information such as speed, the quantity and the accuracy of information improve greatly.In opportunity of combat, head-up display provides information such as flight, navigation and weapon aiming for the pilot.The external image that relies on radar, low-light level television and forward-looking infrared sensor to produce makes the opportunity of combat pilot go deep into the region of war double tides under bad weather condition.
The major parameter of head-up display comprises field angle, resolution, display brightness and extraneous transmitance.Wherein field angle is a very important parameter, because pilot's attitude is can drive an airplane best with him to be foundation, these are according to comprising the convenience degree of his sense organ comfort level, instrument and control device, the visibility of outdoor scene etc.The pilot often by raising or reducing the seat, reaches a suitable position, and this position is because of the different differences that exist of pilot's physique.The more important thing is that, the pilot needs moving-head awing, therefore have a space that is called the head movement scope, comprised all head positions when pilot observes flat showing in the head movement scope.By the head movement scope,, can determine that the flat field angle that shows is at least 30 ° of (orientation) * 18 ° (pitching) in conjunction with the field angle of low-light level television and forward-looking infrared sensor.
Head-up display is generally by electronic package EU and pilot's display module PDU(Pilot Display Unit) form.The optical system of the complexity that PDU is made up of the relay lens that comprises some lens, refluxing reflection mirror, curved surface combination glass has wherein comprised spherical lens, cylindrical lens, rotation non-spherical lens and non-rotating symmetrical non-spherical lens.
In pilot's display module PDU optical design, require to eliminate as far as possible following error:
Image geometric error.These errors comprise pointing error, dipvergence (difference of vertical aiming between eyes) and binocular convergence degree.Pointing error has determined that the convergence representative image defocuses to the accuracy of the picture position that the pilot shows.If defocus too greatly, can cause the pilot not merge with putting down the image and the outside scenery view that show to show.If dipvergence and negative convergence degree are too big, can cause serious kopiopia, reduce pilot's work efficiency.
The deviation of the Bragg angle of every chief ray on the hologram.
Different how much restraining factors of relay lens.Comprise factors such as rims of the lens thickness, last picture position, picture size, lens diameter, lens integral position.
Control to the influence of hologram chromatic aberration.The point of crossing of control relay lens two marginal rays makes the angle of diffraction of hologram near incident angle.
To vitals among pilot's display module PDU---combination glass requires to have following optical property:
Must reduce the color aberration that produces on the hologram as far as possible;
How much imagings of hologram and how much imagings of relay lens influence each other, and therefore, the design before the marking wave must be consistent with the design of relay lens;
The reflectivity of the vision transmissivity of hologram and reflection display image must be very high;
The brightness of display image changes should be as far as possible little, and the image of all field angle at each position all should be like this in the visual field; The variation of light color that sees through the non-diffraction wavelength of hologram should be as far as possible little;
The visible geometric displacement of the actual scenery of seeing by holography combination glass must remain on minimum;
The afterimage of display should be minimum, requires to reduce the secondary reflection of hologram as far as possible, also requires the hologram substrate to scribble the fabulous anti-reflection film of performance;
Flicker should be minimum, requires to reduce the secondary transmission of hologram as far as possible.
Require as can be seen from above optical property.Pilot's display module PDU of head-up display has high requirement to precision, aberration, refractive index, transmissivity, emissivity.The system that head-up display is detected, need the field angle when pilot's practical operation in, to head-up display particularly every optical property of pilot's display module PDU test.This checkout equipment is called as the flat detector that shows.From traditional classical optics mentality of designing, under big distance of exit pupil, big exit pupil diameter, large viewing field condition, can realize putting down apparent detector to what head-up display and PDU assembly detected, be considered to impossible.And the flat critical component that shows in the detector is an optical system.
Summary of the invention
At above technical matters, the invention provides a kind of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system.Both realize big visual field, large aperture imaging, realized distance of exit pupil far away again, and satisfied the flat technical requirement that shows the every detection of detector.
This remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system comprises seven separate type lens.It is the first male-female lens, second recessed-concavees lens, the 3rd protruding-convex lens, the 4th recessed-concavees lens, the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens, the 6th male-female lens and the 7th recessed-convex lens that seven separate type lens are arranged in order along optical axis.Described optical system also comprises graticule, even tabula rasa and lighting device, and described graticule and lighting device are positioned on the picture plane of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system.Described graticule is the optical glass material, is carved with the grid type degree above, divides reading.The luminescent device of described lighting device is LED.
The lens specification of described optical system is as follows:
The diameter of the first male-female lens is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240mm, and thickness is 25.6mm, adopts the ZBAF4 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the BAH22 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the BASF2 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929mm, and thickness is 19mm, adopts the H-K9L eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-BSL7 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the BK7 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens is 243mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273mm, and thickness is 52mm, adopts the H-ZF1 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-TIM22 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the SF2 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens is 242mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494mm, and thickness is 14.6mm, adopts the H-ZF52A eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-TIH53 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the N-SF57 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens is 271mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425mm, and thickness is 52.5mm, adopts the ZBAF3 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-BSM25 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the N-SSK5 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens is 254mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211mm, and thickness is 68mm, adopts the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-NSL36 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the KF6 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens is 212mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151mm, and thickness is 38mm, adopts the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-NSL36 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the KF6 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms.
Described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system field angle is greater than 25 °, and maximal phase is 1/2.5～1/3 to pore diameter range, and the entrance pupil diameter is greater than 150mm, and exit pupil diameter is greater than 120mm, and distance of exit pupil is greater than 500mm.Described optical system maximum field of view angle reaches 2 ω=30 °, entrance pupil diameter (clear aperture) maximum=φ 180mm, exit pupil diameter maximum=φ 180mm(and entrance pupil equal diameters), maximum distance of exit pupil 550mm, maximum lens diameter is φ 271mm in the system.
During with described optical system measuring, place the glass graticule that illuminates with the LED lighting device at optical system focal plane place, the light that described LED lighting device sends changes pointolite or line source into area source behind even tabula rasa.Described degree of having, divide the grid reading reticle to be used for measuring the flat HUD displayed information requirement that whether touches the mark that shows.Because described optical system has the field angle of maximum 2 ω=30 °, the exit pupil diameter of maximum φ 180mm, and the distance of exit pupil of maximum 550mm.And the position of optical system exit pupil position, testing staff's eye pupil (eyespot), the flat exit pupil position three of device system of showing overlap.Make in the visual effect be seated at the testing staff of simulation pilot attitude before the detector and the practical flight in full accord.The testing staff must not move, must yaw, and just can clearly observe total-grid degree on whole demonstrations on flat showing and the graticule simultaneously, divide and show.In the native system practical application, the grid degree that sends as the plane that testing staff's eyes are received, divide graticule information peace display information, its energy does not all have the light beam vignetting in ° visual field, 2 ω=30, can clearly read whole demonstrations.Show HUD information by grid degree, branch information peace on the graticule of stack, the tester can compare graduation picture peace and show the HUD image, and accurately carries out various performance tests.
This optical system is in 486.1 ~ 656.3nm visible light wave range scope, and promptly bluish-green coloured light is in the red light scope, and quality of optical imaging is outstanding, fully satisfies the requirement of visual observation.Compare with the modulation transfer function of this optical system with human eye.Human eye under good contrast and the sensitiveest wave band λ=555nm green-yellow light situation, when resolution of eye is every millimeter demand pairs CYCLES/MM=6.6, modulation transfer function MTF=0.1.And the present invention is at 486.1 ~ 656.3nm wave band, during 30 ° of visual fields, and when resolution is every millimeter demand pairs CYCLES/MM=18, modulation transfer function MTF=0.13.This shows that all far above human eye, precision is considerably beyond the limit of human eye observation on resolution and transfer function values for described optical system.
The present invention is in 486.1 ~ 656.3nm wavelength band, and maximal phase is 1.6% to distortion in 0 ° ~ 30 ° visual fields.In order to obtain visual field, better edge spatial resolution, adopt the bearing calibration of optical system distortion compensation again, can eliminate the influence of distortion in theory fully.
The bearing calibration of described optical system distortion compensation comprises the steps:
Step 1: with the center, visual field is true origin, and the visual field is divided into n zone, wherein n 〉=9;
Step 2: measure described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, calculate the distortion value change curve of described optical system;
Step 3:, calculate graticule arc, the scale division modified value in n zone according to the distortion value change curve;
Step 4: modified value is imported computing machine, produce by computer control amplification elimination the graticule figure of grid type degree scale division value of distortion; Use extensive printed-wiring board (PWB) manufacture craft, make the undistorted grid type degree that is delivered for use and divide graticule.
As long as the visual field is cut apart enough thin, resultant image point position value is also thin more, and the scale value of cutting apart the grid graduation by the visual field is also thin more, and precision is certain also high more, can eliminate reading error that systematical distortion is introduced fully in theory.But be limited to the restriction of computing power and division of the graticule density, n in the practical application 〉=1000.
In order further to improve precision, can also be undertaken by the method for software numerical evaluation:
Accept aforesaid step 4, follow-up comprising the steps:
Step 5: be arranged in order undistorted grid type degree along optical axis and divide graticule, remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, transit, reduced projection system, CCD camera;
Step 6: use i respectively, j(i=1,2 ... m, j=1,2 ... k) demarcate undistorted grid type degree and divide graticule, and take pictures with the CCD camera to X-direction, each little square intersection point of Y direction, draw the actual pixels coordinate (x, y);
Step 7: the desirable pixel coordinate (x that Theoretical Calculation is drawn
0, y
0) and the actual pixels coordinate (x y) imports MATLAB software one by one, draws with MATLAB
,
Image carries out the function match, obtains the funtcional relationship of desirable pixel coordinate with respect to the real image pixel coordinate;
Step 8: establishing fit equation is
, then match residual error standard deviation R can be expressed as
K is a sample size in the following formula,
For
The desirable pixel coordinate value that fit equation calculates;
Step 9: setting the match number of times is two to nine times, obtains the final curves fit equation
, will obtain measured value by described optical system, the described equation of substitution can draw revised exact value.
Be limited to current PC arithmetic capability, the match number of times can draw the curve fitting equation that satisfies accuracy requirement in the suitable time in the time of five to seven times.Through experiment, the match number of times is the best joint of precision and efficient in the time of six times.Through actual measurement, under the situation of half field-of-view ± 10 ° ~ ± 15 °, compensation rear space resolution (grid degree, divide the graticule reading accuracy)≤1 '.
The optical system distortion compensation alignment technique method that combines with Flame Image Process by above-mentioned employing Theoretical Calculation, the compensation correction distortion precision that is obtained is high and very reliable, by implementing to have proved that the method can apply, especially be suitable for the compensation correction of big visual field test optical system distortion.
To sum up, system of the present invention touches the mark and far is more than the flat HUD of showing that will detect, and adopting optical system of the present invention is very perfect as the contrast optical system that the flat HUD of showing detects, and can fully satisfy the flat HUD of showing and detect requirement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system configuration composition;
Fig. 2 is the optical system application drawing;
Fig. 3 distortion compensation is proofreaied and correct proving installation.
Being labeled as of each element among the figure:
1, the first male-female lens;
2, second is recessed-concavees lens;
3, the 3rd is protruding-convex lens;
4, the 4th is recessed-concavees lens;
5, the 5th is protruding-the convex aspheric surface lens;
6, the 6th male-female lens;
7, the 7th is recessed-convex lens;
8, as the plane;
9, exit pupil diameter;
10, entrance pupil diameter;
11, distance of exit pupil;
12, remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system;
13, the flat HUD that shows;
14, optical system exit pupil position, testing staff's eye pupil position and HUD exit pupil position;
15, catoptron;
16, beam splitter;
17, the grid type degree of band illumination divides graticule;
18, optical system to be measured;
19, transit;
20, optical projection system;
21, CCD camera;
22, computing machine.
Embodiment
Technical purpose and technique effect for describing technology contents of the present invention, architectural feature, realization in detail are elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1: a kind of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system comprises seven separate type lens, is positioned at glass graticule and lighting device as the plane.It is the first male-female lens, 1, second recessed-concavees lens the 2, the 3rd protruding-convex lens the 3, the 4th recessed-concavees lens the 4, the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5, the 6th male-female lens 6 and the 7th recessed-convex lens 7 that seven separate type lens are arranged in order along optical axis.Described glass graticule has the grid type degree, divides reading, and the light source that described lighting device adopts is a white light LEDs.Glass graticule and lighting device are placed on the picture plane 8 of described optical system.
The lens specification and the assembling mode of described optical system are as follows:
The diameter of the first male-female lens 1 is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240mm, and thickness is 25.6mm, and the ZBAF4 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in employing Chengdu grinds and forms;
Air layer between mirror, diameter are 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is 982mm, and thickness is 8.5mm;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens 2 is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929mm that thickness is 19mm, adopts the H-K9L eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter are 194mm, and radius-of-curvature is 249mm, and thickness is 65.5mm;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens 3 is 243mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273mm, and thickness is 52mm, adopts the H-ZF1 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter are 243mm, and radius-of-curvature is-493mm that thickness is 2mm;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens 4 is 242mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494mm that thickness is 14.6mm, adopts the H-ZF52A eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter are 243mm, and radius-of-curvature is 379mm, and thickness is 40.6mm;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5 is 271mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425mm, and thickness is 52.5mm, adopts the ZBAF3 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter are 272mm, and radius-of-curvature is-434mm that thickness is 34.5mm;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens 6 is 254mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211mm, and thickness is 68.6mm, adopts the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter are 214mm, and radius-of-curvature is 164mm, and thickness is 106mm;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens 7 is 212mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151mm that thickness is 38mm, adopts the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu;
Air layer between mirror, diameter are 239mm, and radius-of-curvature is-230mm that thickness is 155mm.
Assemble as stated above after adjustment finishes, described optical system focal length=522mm, field angle 2 ω=30 °, maximal phase is 1/2.5～1/3 to pore diameter range, the entrance pupil diameter phi
Go into=exit pupil diameter φ
Go out=φ 180mm, distance of exit pupil=550mm.
In the described optical system, maximum lens are the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5, and diameter is φ 271mm.The 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5 are secondary revolving conic surface eyeglass.Use this non-spherical lens, increased the independent variable of system optimization design, obtained higher quality of optical imaging.After using this non-spherical lens, not only reduce the sum of eyeglass in the optical system, also reduced the complexity of optical system, helped adorning the school debugging.When combination reconditioning aspheric surface, further improve again and improved system integration optical quality, make it considerably beyond the needed technical requirement of visual observation system.Adopt the aspheric surface technology to make that seven lens materials mostly are ordinary optical glass in this optical system in addition, few with or without manufacturability is poor, corrosion-prone, heavy, price is valuable special optical glass.Reduced system's manufacturing cost, reduced the optical system overall weight, laid a good foundation for promoting the use of with volume production.
During use, described optical system 12 is put into detector, will have the grid type degree, divide reading glass graticule and lighting device to place optical system, adjust focal length and make the picture of glass graticule become clear as on the plane.To put down apparent HUD13 again and put into detector, power up for the flat HUD13 of showing, electronic package EU begins to go up various avionics equipment of output and sensor signal to pilot's display module PDU, as various digital quantity signals, discrete magnitude signal, DC analogue quantity signal and ac analog signal.The flat light warp " catoptron 15-beam splitter 16-observation window " that HUD13 sends, light warp " beam splitter 16-observation window " the arrival testing staff eye pupil that optical system 12 is sent of showing.
Optical system 12 exit pupil positions, testing staff's eye pupil position peace show the HUD13 exit pupil position and all coincide with on the plane of position 14, and the picture of flat apparent HUD13 overlaps with the picture of graticule 12.Because distance of exit pupil=550mm, make the testing staff can with pilot's same field environment under, when making various simulated flights action, the reading by on the comparison glass graticule detects the flat image quality that shows HUD13.
Because optical system 12 is at 486.1 ~ 656.3nm visible light wave range, during 30 ° of visual fields, resolution can reach every millimeter demand pairs CYCLES/MM=18, and maximal phase is every millimeter demand pairs CYCLES/MM=6.6 to distorting 1.6% much larger than the human eye ultimate resolution.This moment optical system 12 modulation transfer function MTF=0.13, also greater than the modulation transfer function MTF=0.1 of human eye, the visual picture mass attenuation also is better than human eye.
The present invention contrasts entrance pupil diameter (being the clear aperture)=φ 120mm that retrieves in the existing document, visual field, center spatial resolution 1 arc branch, visual field, edge spatial resolution 3 arc branches, system visual field 2 ω=20 °, under need not the moving-head situation, instantaneous field of view=20 that eye is seen °, maximal phase is 5% to distortion, wavelength band 540nm ~ 560nm, system's exit pupil diameter only can hold two, and (promptly two 8mm diameter eye pupils add two spacings of 65mm, 8+8+65=81mm), need moving-head just can see the optical system of optical device to be measured clearly, have tangible performance advantage.
The present invention is used for detecting the flat HUD of showing, and the old system of performance has obtained expert and user's high evaluation in the subrogate country.
Embodiment 1 further improved obtain embodiment 2: the used optical glass of described optical system lens is done following replacement
The diameter of the first male-female lens 1 is 190.55mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240.24mm, and thickness is 25.6mm, adopts the BAH22 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens 2 is 190.00mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929.83mm, and thickness is 19mm, adopts the S-BSL7 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens 3 is 243.81mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273.68mm, and thickness is 52mm, adopts the S-TIM22 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens 4 is 242.65mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494.14mm, and thickness is 14.6mm, adopts the S-TIH53 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5 is 271.27mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425.78mm, and thickness is 52.5mm, adopts the S-BSM25 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens 6 is 254.29mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211.02mm, and thickness is 68.6mm, adopts the S-NSL36 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens 7 is 212.50mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151.16mm, and thickness is 38mm, adopts the S-NSL36 eyeglass of little former OHARA to grind and forms.
Embodiment 3: the used optical glass of described optical system lens is done following replacement
The diameter of the first male-female lens 1 is 190.5579mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240.2443mm, and thickness is 25.6mm, and the BASF2 eyeglass of employing Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens 2 is 190.0031mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929.831mm, and thickness is 19mm, adopts the BK7 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens 3 is 243.8119mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273.6819mm, and thickness is 52mm, and the SF2 eyeglass of employing Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens 4 is 242.6536mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494.1413mm, and thickness is 14.6mm, adopts the N-SF57 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH to grind and forms;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens 5 is 271.2765mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425.7898mm, and thickness is 52.5mm, and the N-SSK5 eyeglass of employing Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens 6 is 254.2904mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211.0263mm, and thickness is 68.613mm, and the KF6 eyeglass of employing Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens 7 is 212.5059mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151.1396mm, and thickness is 38mm, adopts the KF6 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH to grind and forms.
Use import optical glass, the lens machining precision is improved, and the glass range of choice has obtained expansion, and optical system imaging quality is promoted.
Embodiment 4: a kind of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, structure is with embodiment 1.In relative distortion only is on 1.6% basis, for further elimination system residue maximal phase influences visual field, edge spatial resolution distortion value, eliminate or minimizing graticule reading error, adopt the bearing calibration of optical system distortion compensation again, further eliminate the influence of distortion, make system edges visual field spatial resolution (position readings precision)≤1 '.
Present embodiment utilization optical design theory, carry out the system optimization design by ZEMAX, CODE V software, to adjustment and aberration balancing, the independent variable of the various aberrations (basic aberration, senior aberration) that comprise system's initial configuration form analysis, calculate and determine proofreading and correct, aberration desired value choose with determine, that border (constraint) condition is chosen, controlled to evaluation function is given and be adjusted at interior multiple parameter and verify repeatedly, has reached good effect.After optimizing, the homemade ordinary optical glass that present embodiment optical glass only need use " Chengdu light " glass storehouse to produce, just can reach big visual field, large aperture, heavy caliber, high-resolution technique effect, and significantly reduced cost, promoted the redundance that the optical glass model is chosen and changed.
The present invention can be used as the basis of " big visual field tester " system.Can solve the technical barrier of large visual field optical system test.Can effectively use any optical device that need under large viewing field condition, test.This type of tester product is not arranged in the market, in case introduce to the market, the economic benefit of generation is considerable.
Imaging optical system structure of the present invention and design philosophy can be photograph, look in the distance, optical projection system uses for reference, and especially can be used for the optical system of the big visual field of requirement, large aperture, heavy caliber, long-focus.
Embodiment 5: a kind of optical system distortion compensation bearing calibration of using in remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system comprises the steps:
Step 1: with the center, visual field is true origin, and the visual field is divided into n zone, n 〉=9 wherein, and n gets 3072 here;
Step 2: measure described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, calculate the distortion value change curve of described optical system;
Step 3:, calculate graticule arc, the scale division modified value in n zone according to the distortion value change curve;
Step 4: modified value is imported computing machine, produce by computer control amplification elimination the graticule figure of grid type degree scale division value of distortion; Use extensive printed-wiring board (PWB) manufacture craft, make the undistorted grid type degree that is delivered for use and divide graticule.
Step 5: be arranged in order undistorted grid type degree along optical axis and divide graticule, remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, transit, reduced projection system, CCD camera;
Step 6: use i respectively, j(i=1,2 ... m, j=1,2 ... k) demarcate undistorted grid type degree and divide graticule, and take pictures with the CCD camera to X-direction, each little square intersection point of Y direction, draw the actual pixels coordinate (x, y);
Step 7: the desirable pixel coordinate (x that Theoretical Calculation is drawn
0, y
0) and the actual pixels coordinate (x y) imports MATLAB software one by one, draws with MATLAB
,
Image carries out the function match, obtains the funtcional relationship of desirable pixel coordinate with respect to the real image pixel coordinate;
Step 8: establishing fit equation is
, then match residual error standard deviation R can be expressed as
K is a sample size in the following formula,
For
The desirable pixel coordinate value that fit equation calculates;
Step 9: setting the match number of times is six times, obtains the final curves fit equation
, will obtain measured value by described optical system, the described equation of substitution can draw revised exact value.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not to be qualification to protection domain of the present invention; so long as adopt technical scheme of the present invention; perhaps only be any conventional the modification or equivalent variations that to make by those of ordinary skill in the art, all fall among the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (8)
1. remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, it is characterized in that: described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system comprises seven separate type lens, and it is the first male-female lens (1), second recessed-concavees lens (2), the 3rd protruding-convex lens (3), the 4th recessed-concavees lens (4), the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens (5), the 6th male-female lens (6) and the 7th recessed-convex lens (7) that seven separate type lens are arranged in order along optical axis.
2. remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The first male-female lens (1) adopt the ZBAF4 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the BAH22 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the BASF2 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
Second recessed-concavees lens (2) adopt the H-K9L eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-BSL7 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the BK7 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The 3rd protruding-convex lens (3) adopt the H-ZF1 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-TIM22 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the SF2 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The 4th recessed-concavees lens (4) adopt the H-ZF52A eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-TIH53 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the N-SF57 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens (5) adopt the ZBAF3 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-BSM25 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the N-SSK5 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The 6th male-female lens (6) adopt the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-NSL36 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the KF6 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms;
The 7th recessed-convex lens (7) adopt the H-KF6 eyeglass of the bright CDGM in Chengdu, the S-NSL36 eyeglass of perhaps little former OHARA, and perhaps the KF6 eyeglass of Xiao Te SH grinds and forms.
3. remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
The diameter of the first male-female lens (1) is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is 240mm, and thickness is 25.6mm;
The diameter of second recessed-concavees lens (2) is 190mm, and radius-of-curvature is-929mm that thickness is 19mm;
The diameter of the 3rd protruding-convex lens (3) is 243mm, and radius-of-curvature is 273mm, and thickness is 52mm;
The diameter of the 4th recessed-concavees lens (4) is 242mm, and radius-of-curvature is-494mm that thickness is 14.6mm;
The diameter of the 5th protruding-convex aspheric surface lens (5) is 271mm, and radius-of-curvature is 425mm, and thickness is 52.5mm;
The diameter of the 6th male-female lens (6) is 254mm, and radius-of-curvature is 211mm, and thickness is 68mm;
The diameter of the 7th recessed-convex lens (7) is 212mm, and radius-of-curvature is-151mm that thickness is 38mm.
4. remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system field angle 2 ω are greater than 25 °, maximal phase is 1/2.5～1/3 to pore diameter range, the entrance pupil diameter is greater than 150mm, exit pupil diameter is greater than 120mm, and distance of exit pupil is greater than 500mm.
5. remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: also comprise graticule, even tabula rasa and lighting device, described graticule and lighting device are positioned on the picture plane (8) of remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system.
6. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical systems, it is characterized in that: field angle 2 ω=30 °, the entrance pupil diameter phi goes into=and exit pupil diameter φ goes out=φ 180mm, distance of exit pupil=550mm, described optical system exit pupil position overlaps with the position of testing staff's eye pupil, the flat apparent exit pupil position three of device system.
7. an optical system distortion compensation bearing calibration of using in remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: with the center, visual field is true origin, and the visual field is divided into n zone, wherein n 〉=9;
Step 2: measure described remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, calculate the distortion value change curve of described optical system;
Step 3:, calculate graticule arc, the scale division modified value in n zone according to the distortion value change curve;
Step 4: modified value is imported computing machine, produce by computer control amplification elimination the graticule figure of grid type degree scale division value of distortion; Use extensive printed-wiring board (PWB) manufacture craft, make the undistorted grid type degree that is delivered for use and divide graticule.
8. optical system distortion compensation as claimed in claim 6 bearing calibration is characterized in that: after described step 4, and follow-up having the following steps:
Step 5: be arranged in order undistorted grid type degree along optical axis and divide graticule, remote especially big exit pupil diameter lens type detector optical system, transit, reduced projection system, CCD camera;
Step 6: use i respectively, j(i=1,2 ... m, j=1,2 ... k) demarcate undistorted grid type degree and divide graticule, and take pictures with the CCD camera to X-direction, each little square intersection point of Y direction, draw the actual pixels coordinate (x, y);
Step 7: the desirable pixel coordinate (x that Theoretical Calculation is drawn
0, y
0) and the actual pixels coordinate (x y) imports MATLAB software one by one, draws with MATLAB
,
Image carries out the function match, obtains the funtcional relationship of desirable pixel coordinate with respect to the real image pixel coordinate;
Step 8: establishing fit equation is
, then match residual error standard deviation R can be expressed as
K is a sample size in the following formula,
For
The desirable pixel coordinate value that fit equation calculates;
Step 9: setting the match number of times is two to nine times, obtains the final curves fit equation
, will obtain measured value by described optical system, the described equation of substitution can draw revised exact value.
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| CN112221134B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-05-31 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Virtual environment-based picture display method, device, equipment and medium |
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Address after: Qixia District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 210046 Gan Jia Bian East 108 Hong Kong Branch Chong Park Building 7 Patentee after: NANJING INTANE OPTICS ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: NANJING University OF TECHNOLOGY Patentee after: Zhou Bifang Patentee after: Sun Houhuan Patentee after: Zhou Ziyuan Address before: Qixia District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 210046 Gan Jia Bian East 108 Hong Kong Branch Chong Park Building 7 Patentee before: NANJING INTANE OPTICAL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Nanjing University of Technology Patentee before: Zhou Bifang Patentee before: Sun Houhuan Patentee before: Zhou Ziyuan |
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