CN102115260B - Method of artificial construction of root holes in wetland - Google Patents
Method of artificial construction of root holes in wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN102115260B CN102115260B CN2009102445047A CN200910244504A CN102115260B CN 102115260 B CN102115260 B CN 102115260B CN 2009102445047 A CN2009102445047 A CN 2009102445047A CN 200910244504 A CN200910244504 A CN 200910244504A CN 102115260 B CN102115260 B CN 102115260B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of artificial construction of root holes in wetland, and the method comprises: in the primary stage of wetland construction, plant straws are imbedded in the sublayer of wetland soil; aquatic plants or wetland plants which can form natural root holes are planted in the wetland bed imbedded with plant straw; in the wetland, artificial root holes form after the plant straw decays; and water flow is filtered from the root hole system in the wetland bed due to the presence of a hydraulic head difference between the two sides of the wetland bed. In the primary stage of artificial wetland construction, the method can accelerate the development of biological macro-pores in soil; strong transverse/lateral filter network is formed and promoted by artificial work, and moisture is rapidly conducted to internal part of the wetland soil, thus the processing efficiency of wetland is greatly raised; the self-renewal of the substrate packing media of the wetland is achieved by continuously updating the wetland root holes and the transition between artificial root holes and natural root holes; and the disadvantage that obstruction is easy to happen in packing media for common artificial wetland is overcome, and the method provides a good foundation for the healthy substitution of wetland.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial swamp method, the method for wetland root hole is constructed in especially a kind of manual work.
Background technology
Characteristics such as the artificial swamp technology is various informative because of it, processing rate is high, flexibility is strong obtain widespread use at home and abroad, have become developed country and have explored the effective way that solves water pollution and the not enough problem of water resources with the area.The conventional artificial wetland is mainly formed a unique ecosystem with treatment function by the waterplant of soil, matrix fill (like gravel etc.) and the plantation of wetland bed top etc., and brings into play corresponding function.It is the shortcoming that formation of deposits, viscosity are big, hydraulic conductivity is low that artificial swamp has overcome its soil of general wetland, and still, the matrix fill of traditional artificial swamp technology mainly constitutes with the physical property filler, have packing medium upgrade difficult, deficiency such as obstruction takes place easily.It is problem common in the artificial swamp operational management that artificial swamp matrix is stopped up (clogging), and it influences the removal effect of wet land system to pollutent.Substrate material, wetland plant, water inlet pollutant load, organism accumulation etc. are the principal elements that wetland stops up; In wetland design and running process, need to give abundant attention to it; To keep the lasting operating capability (Guan Shuying of wet land system; Guo Jing. the factor analysis of artificial swamp matrix congestion affects. Guangxi light industry, 2008, (8): 73-74).The vertical subsurface flow wetland that stops up takes place in; Through the correlationship between the porosity between each material and harmony water area, matrix between research matrix; Find that the origin cause of formation that artificial swamp takes place to stop up mainly is the accumulation that can not filter material in the hypothallus; And draw with the sand be can not filter between the every mL matrix of artificial swamp of matrix can occur when tamper surpasses 18.23mg the Yong Shui The apparent phenomenon (Ye Jianfeng, Xu Zuxin, Li Huaizheng. vertical subsurface flow wetland stops up mechanism: stop up the origin cause of formation and tamper accumulation law. environmental science; 2008,29 (6): 1508-1512).It is very big with the process of obstruction difference that dissimilar wetland tools stops up speed.To reed undercurrent type wetland, say that from long-time running the stopping state of vertical-flow wetland is than the even more serious (Yan Lu of horizontal-flow wetland; King's generation with, Huang Juan, Liu Yang; Wang Feng. the experimental study of subsurface constructed wetland matrix blocking characteristic. environmental science, 2008,29 (3): 627-631).The obstruction of artificial swamp is an extremely complicated process that relates to fields such as physics, chemistry, biology; The process that on the process nature that wetland stops up is exactly the effective porosity minimizing is (in great waves; Wu Zhenbin, Xu Dong, Zhan Dehao. subsurface constructed wetland stops up mechanism and modeling thereof. environmental science and technology; 2006,29 (6): 74-76).The drowned flow artificial wet land polluted river water that makes up is handled pilot test system discover, after 2 years, there is certain latch up phenomenon in the drowned flow artificial wet land filler in system's operation; Filler porosity maximum has reduced 2.67%, and (Jing Yuming opens and builds Zhang Chenglu; Shao Wensheng, high precious jade. the filler blockage problem research in the drowned flow artificial wet land polluted river water treatment system. Environmental Pollution and Control, 2007; 29 (10): 770-772,792).According to the investigation of EPA (USEPA) to more than 100 existing artificial swamps; There is half the artificial swamp to form obstruction in various degree in 5 years putting into operation nearly; Its fluid conductivity reduces, the scrubbing deleterious, and operation life shortens (USEPA.Subsurface flow constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment.Washington; D.C.:USEPA, 1993).The blockage problem of artificial swamp more and more becomes the obstacle of its application, understands fully the mechanism that artificial swamp stops up, and it is very necessary and urgent to seek relative counter measures and preventive measure.In a very long time from now on, blockage problem will become the emphasis in the constructed wetland waste water treatment technology research.Through changing wetland top layer matrix the function of efficient recovery artificial swamp can be arranged, shortcoming is as far as large-scale wetland quantities is big, replacing is difficult, artificial swamp need stop bed and change the length of taking time when changing.Select exploitation artificial swamp matrix fill more suitable, with low cost; The matrix fill that how to select particularly that some permeabilities are good, specific surface area is big, has strong adsorptive power, when guaranteeing wastewater treatment efficiency, can also effectively prevent to stop up be focus, emphasis and the difficult point problem (Zhu Jie that wetland stops up research; Chen Hongbin. the discussion of artificial swamp blockage problem. Chinese water supply and drainage; 2009,25 (6): 24-28,33; Zhang Xiangling. different substrates is to vertical current constructed wetland treatment effect and congestion affects research. the Doctor of Science of Inst. of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences paper, 2007).At present, do not see the artificial report of root hole of constructing of employing at home and abroad as yet as the wet land filler medium.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that will solve
In order both to overcome the shortcoming that its consistency of soil of general wetland is big, hydraulic conductivity is low; Overcome traditional artificial swamp matrix fill medium again and upgrade deficiencies such as difficult, easy generation obstruction; The method that the present invention provides a kind of manual work to construct the wetland root hole promptly forms artificial root hole at the wetland structure initial stage, through the continual renovation of transition between artificial root hole and the natural root hole and wetland root hole; Realize the self of wetland matrix fill medium, thereby do not stop up.
2. technical scheme
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: be medium with soil; Make up the initial stage at wetland; At wetland soil sublayer heeling-in straw in advance, plantation can form the aquatic and/or hygrophyte of nature root hole on heeling-in stalk wetland bed.
In wetland, form artificial root hole after the straw of heeling-in in the present invention rots, the rotten cycle is 3-15 month.Make up initial stage, natural root hole still before the undeveloped mature at wetland; Wetland is main with artificial root hole water guide; Artificial root hole becomes the macroporous important composition of soil organisms property; Change the pore texture that wetland makes up initial stage soil sublayer effectively, reduced the soil weight, the horizontal stroke/side direction hydraulic conductivity of wetland is increased substantially.Along with aquatic plants growth nature root hole becomes to take as the leading factor gradually, and natural root hole also can realize succession of the old by the new in its growth course, and this moment, the water guide function of wetland was mainly accomplished by natural root hole.Wetland plant root stock or root system form the root hole of living in process of growth, treat that its dead rotten back forms dead root hole, the self that live, dead root hole constantly upgrades realization wetland root hole system.In artificial swamp, the zone with root hole (artificial root hole, the root hole of living naturally, natural death root hole) is referred to as " root hole district ".
The soil layer of heeling-in straw is the sublayer of 0.2-1.5m under the wetland soil face of land in the present invention, and the concentrated distribution range of natural root hole is consistent in this and the natural wetland.
The straw diameter of heeling-in in advance in the present invention is 2-50mm.According to work place study and the artificial modeling effort result who constructs the root hole wetland to the water conservancy diversion of root channel in the natural wetland and pollutant purification, if the stalk diameter is meticulous, the preferential water conservancy diversion DeGrain in root hole district then; If cross slightly, the specific surface area that then forms root hole is less, and inner " short stream " phenomenon takes place in wetland easily.
The major axes orientation of the straw of heeling-in in advance is parallel through wetland bed sublayer flow path direction with the wetland entry in the present invention; Help the wetland entry like this and evenly pass through earth on the wetland, realize the higher usefulness of holding back nutrition and PM for particulate matter with the form of sublayer undercurrent.
The straw main shaft of heeling-in is held in 0.5%-10% to the scale dimension that sectional area accounts for the soil profile total area in the unit soil profile area in the present invention.The ratio that the sectional area of diameter of straw (as previously mentioned) and straw accounts for the soil profile total area has determined the quantity and the effective ratio area of artificial root hole in the wetland jointly.If the quantity of artificial root hole is very few in the wetland, then be unfavorable for the realization of root hole water conservancy diversion and material purification function; If the quantity of artificial root hole is too much, then there is the danger of caving in and collapsing in the structural instability of wetland soil matrix.
In wetland soil, add the mud of 1%-10% weight in the present invention, to replenish mikrobe provenance and the nutrient material that artificial swamp makes up the initial stage.These mud become slow-release fertilizer, discharge the nutrient material gradually, satisfy the nutrient demand that growth of wetland pioneer plant and rhizospheric microorganism breed continuously.
In in the present invention the artificial swamp running maintenance and management process; Through waterpower regulation and control to the crucial joint control point of wetland position; And/or, build the head difference of wetland bed both sides with whole wetland bed step ground potential difference, filter thereby impel in the root hole system of current in wetland bed.
3. beneficial effect
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, quicken the macroporous growth of soil organisms property at the artificial swamp structure initial stage, can accomplish the wetland root hole system within a short period of time (3-15 month) that makes script need the long period normally to form in three to five years; Manual work facilitates the wetland sublayer to form flourishing horizontal stroke/side direction screen; Effectively improve the sublayer filtration of artificial swamp; Impel wetland sublayer zone to produce tangible preferential flow; Make the water of processing most of, conduct to wetland soil inside fast and more obtaining deep purifying in the wide region, thereby increase substantially the processing efficiency of wetland through the root hole district; Form the transition between artificial root hole and the growth of wetland plant nature root hole through artificial heeling-in stalk, for the healthy succession of wetland is had laid a good foundation; Replacement naturally and wetland plant through in the succession process of wetland, realizing artificial root hole and natural root hole smoothly lived, the self of dead root hole, thereby reaches the renewal of wetland matrix fill medium and the target of impelling wetland matrix never to stop up.This method is that the artificial swamp structure provides a kind of quick and easy technique means, becomes to be transplanted to benefiting our pursuits and successful case in the artificial swamp to natural wetland root hole purification function and mechanism in a creative way.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is a cleaning principle synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional structural map of one embodiment of the present of invention, and promptly wetland bed stalk root hole layer is laid pattern diagram.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section structural map of an alternative embodiment of the invention, i.e. root hole system longitudinal diagram.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged view of the A section of embodiment shown in Fig. 3, i.e. the enlarged view of root hole system side slope.
Fig. 5 is the enlarged view of the B section of embodiment shown in Fig. 3, i.e. the enlarged view of root hole system central sections.
Fig. 6 is the transverse cross-sectional view of the B section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 along C-C.
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section structural map of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic cross-section of plant bed-little ditch-wetland platform ridge-big ditch continuum.
Main mark symbol in the accompanying drawing:
1 soil matrix, the plant root stock of 2 work, 3 root system resolvents, 4 straw layers, 5 mud child care layers, 6 plant bed surfaces, 7 root hole systems, at the bottom of 8 ditches, 9 thick stalks, 10 thin stalks, 11 little ditches, 12 big ditches, the 13 wetland platform ridge.
The implication and the unit of mark or numerical value in the accompanying drawing: the implication of (1) pointwise mark
is the length or the degree of depth, and the unit of its numerical value is mm; (2) implication of triangular marker
is the elevation mark; The unit of its numerical value is m, adopts 85 national standard elevations systems (Huanghai Sea elevation); (3) gradient mark (1: 6,1: 3) is meant the domatic vertical height h and the ratio of horizontal clearance 1 in order to the gradient on expression slope, or is called the slope ratio; (4) process around the arrow among Figure 1A (→,
) the expression plant root stock of living or the direction of substance flow; (5) " ca. " expression " approximately " among Fig. 4 to Fig. 6; (6) unit of diameter mark
is mm among Fig. 7; (7) HWL representes high-water (High Water Level) among Fig. 8, and LWL representes low-water level (Low Water Level).
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention more specifically is described.
Fig. 1 is a cleaning principle synoptic diagram of the present invention.Wherein, A is the root hole of living, and B is dead root hole.For the live body root system root hole that (comprising root stock, down together), growth formed, because the activity of absorption, secretion and the rhizospheric microorganism of root system etc. have formed a root system and absorbed the lasting interface of secretion-microbial metabolism-air transfer-solute mobile.Root system secretion provides lasting carbon source for " microbial film " around the root channel, and the Metabolic activity of the absorption of root system and microbial film to soil solute the conversion in mobile significant.By the rotten root hole that forms of root system, because it forms extensive successive wide aperture hole in soil, make soil moisture and solute form preferential current, significant in the soil water conservancy diversion; And the root system resolvent 3 that enriches in the hole; The transmission of moisture, solute and air in addition; For mikrobe provides good growth interface and condition, form so-called " microbial film ", so this type of root hole also is considerable in the migration of soil solute and the effect in the conversion.The wetland root hole is crisscross, forms huge network system, for artificial swamp provides the prioritised transmission paths of moisture, nutritive salt, pollutent, air, mikrobe etc., becomes " subterranean railway " of the prosperity of mass transfer in the Wetlands ecosystems.The foreign scholar thinks because the transportation of solute in soil macropore; Soil microorganisms around the behaviour hole provides sufficient nutrient the various substrates required with growth; So the mikrobe around the macrovoid has higher living weight and metabolic activity, for example denitrification etc.Around the root hole district because materials such as root system, microbial film, soil colloid, enzyme exist, the reactions such as plant absorbing, microbiological deterioration, physical adsorption, decomposition and biological inhibition to nutritive salt, organic pollutant and heavy metal are taking place.The purification of root channel be by the preferential water conservancy diversion of root hole and on every side the Water purification of matrix bear jointly, so root hole purifies and should be accomplished by root hole-rhizosphere soil matrix associating system, we are referred to as " root hole system ".The root hole system is one and forms " interface system at many levels " by live root system, dead root hole, soil matrix, soil microorganisms, water, air etc. of plant; Its good multi-level cross pipe pore distribution characteristic the space of pollution substance transmission transition process is had significantly shift to, water conservancy diversion and integration inrichment, and influence the dynamic and flow of energy process of the various materials of soil suberathem face.Nitrogen phosphorus and other pollutents be in soil-root hole micro-interface generation flow priority and migration, and in physics, chemistry and the microbial process of soil system, reaches to transform degraded and the final purpose of removing.
The artificial root hole of wetland has been strengthened the natural oxygen enrichment ability of artificial swamp effectively to the prioritised transmission of air and the natural root hole diffusion transport to oxygen.Through the filtration of current in the root hole district; And the wetland water-level fluctuation causes the periodic water level fluctuation in root hole district; Make the root hole district present intermittent aerobic/anaerobic state, under good oxygen condition or the aerobic zone of wetland soil impel the growth and the gathering of aerobic microbiological, formae oxydatae appears around root hole; This is referred to as " oxidisability rhizosphere ", one of important sign of its Chang Zuowei wetland hydrology.
The wetland plant root hole has been formed the macrovoid system of wetland with other holes (like worm channel, self-open).Common approved preferential flow mechanism comprises three types in this system: 1. macropore flow; 2. fingerprint stream; 3. funnel flows.Macropore flow is described moisture through because the motion behind earthworm, septic and the formed continuous hole of soil crack.Typically, fingerprint stream betides even moistening forward and enters into very coarse and exsiccant soil, and current are divided into discontinuous column lines afterwards, also is referred to as " ligule stream ".Funnel stream betides on the soil texture border of any inclination, and the frontier district pore size distribution takes place to change suddenly, thereby current are pooled unique water stream channel.All these three kinds of preferential flow types can take place in a wetland simultaneously.
Fig. 2 to Fig. 7 is the sectional view of specific embodiment.Embodiment is seen in detailed description.
Among Fig. 8, plant bed, ditch moat 11, the wetland platform ridge 13, big ditch 12 etc. are formed the continuum on the space.The principal mode of constructing the root hole wetland based on the manual work of the method for the invention construction is plant bed-ditch system.In artificial swamp; Plant bed is the main body of the carrier and the ecological purification of mass transfer; Manual work proposed by the invention is constructed the method for wetland root hole and is promptly used herein; In plant bed soil sublayer heeling-in in advance the plant dry straw that thickness is arranged in pairs or groups, ratio is suitable is arranged, above plant bed, plant root hole class plant; Ditch moat 11, big ditch 12 are crisscross in wetland, affectionately continuous, mainly work effects such as regulating current, construction head difference and water delivery; 13 tops, the wetland platform ridge rely on nature to multiply other wetland plants of growing, and in wetland, play shock absorption, and the part purification function is also arranged simultaneously.Generally; Manual work construct the root hole wet land system form on the space mutually continuously by " protuberance " structures such as " hollow " structure such as big or small ditch and plant bed, the wetland platform ridge and interlink on the waterpower inlay view; Wherein crisscross little ditch and big ditch etc. are formed cranky macroscopical waterpower transmission system, and the root hole system of constructing in plant bed becomes the microcosmic undercurrent filtering system of wetland.The two complements each other, and is bearing the ecological purification function of the artificial swamp ecosystem jointly.
Control facilities such as bayonet socket, sluice gate, plug are installed in key joint control point position at wetland.In artificial swamp running maintenance and management process; Through waterpower regulation and control to these some positions; Comprise water level periodicity/intermittent fluctuation, current control etc.; And, build the head difference (5-20cm) of wetland bed both sides with whole wetland bed step ground potential difference, filter thereby impel in the root hole system of more current in wetland bed.Simultaneously, the periodicity/intermittent fluctuation of wetland water level also can bring competent oxygen for root hole undercurrent filtering system, and water body is fully contacted with soil, root hole, plant and the air of wetland, thereby brings into play the purification function of wetland better.
Describe specific embodiment of the present invention below in detail.
Fig. 2 illustrates embodiments of the invention 1, the about 60cm of wetland soil layer total thickness that wherein constructs.Wherein, the embedding in advance two-layer dry straw in the wetland bottom, the straw of selecting for use is made up of corn straw and rape stalk, and its water cut must be lower than 20%, and the two volume ratio is 75%:25%.Through calculating, the stalk consumption of wetland unit surface is: 18 tons/hectare of corn straws; 12 tons/hectare of rape stalks.The length of used corn straw is 1.6-2m, and diameter is 2-3cm, and leaf is removed.Rape stalk length is 0.6-1m, and diameter is 2-5mm.Wetland district straw layer 4 takes slightly-and thin+thin-thick laying pattern constructs.Concrete grammar is: wetland plant bed bottom elevation reach theoretical dig down the degree of depth and smooth after, laying the first layer stalk (9 tons/hectare of corn straws, on cover 6 tons/hectare of rape stalks); Above the first layer stalk, lay the natural soils of 10cm, carry out compacting; Lay second layer stalk (6 tons/hectare of rape stalks, on cover 9 tons/hectare of corn straws) then; Above second layer stalk, lay the natural soils of 10cm, carry out compacting; Lay the mud of 5cm then, constitute mud child care layer 5; Lay at last and press the surplus earth amount that 60cm calculates, compacting.Because the limited length of single stalk adopts the end to end mode of stalk to reach when reality is laid and extends the target of laying.Lay soil and be necessary for mellow soil in the root hole district.Because the loosened soil of most of soil of being laid when building in the root hole district for having turned over, unit weight is lower, therefore when actual engineering construction, increases and lays the thick earth volume of 10cm.Every laying one deck soil in the wetland district all will carry out compacting with crawler tractor.The unit weight of soil is 90% of local natural soils unit weight after the compacting.
Plantation can form the waterplant of nature root hole above the wetland plant bed, like reed, cattail, wild rice, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Medulla Junci.Before water plant planting, will there be in the water logging-falls three times fluctuation in stage process back and forth in plant bed root hole district, and more than each waterflooding time length 8h, total time is about 5-7d.Through such process the wetland physical features is done flat, compacting, tended towards stability, can plant corresponding waterplant after doing.The seedling of selected waterplant must be healthy.To select different propaguluies such as root stock, seed, seedling, adult to carry out aquatic plant cultivation respectively, and rationally take different modess of reproduction according to specific requirement choose reasonable planting time and the period of different plants in the wetland.Water plant planting density wants more sparse on plant bed width; Waterplant spacing in the rows each other is about 2 times of width spacing in the rows on plant bed length direction; Like this can be so that waterplant subterraneous root system (comprising root stock) is in laterally spreading the expansion process; Help to form and the axial consistent root hole in main root hole, improve the hydrology exchange rate and the decontamination effect improving of wetland.
Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 illustrates embodiments of the invention 2, and wherein the ratio of slope on wetland plant bedside slope is 1: 6, and the ratio of slope of wetland ditch side slope is 1: 3, and the degree of depth that the wetland plant bed is constructed soil layer is 55cm.The laying scope of straw is that the wetland plant bed is inner, and it is from the inside scope of plant bed side slope edge 0.5m that extraneous distance is laid at the edge.The width of wetland plant bed is 21.7m, and length changes in the different zones of wetland to some extent, from 22m to 220m, does not wait.When the construction mass artificial is constructed the root hole wetland; 8 elevation has the difference of elevation of 40cm at the bottom of wetland plant bed surface 6 and the ditch between the different zones of wetland; Main purpose is to let the wetland entry under the driving of head difference, hang down a side from the higher effluent of wetland to wetland, and total ratio of slope of whole wetland is about 1: 1750.In this embodiment, 4 layers of straw in the soil layer of wetland plant bed, have been laid altogether.Fig. 6 is plant bed partial transverse cross-sectional view.These 4 layers of stalk layers concrete paving mode separately is: going up subgrade is rape stalk, and laying density is 0.3kg/m
2Following subgrade is a corn straw, and laying density is 0.45kg/m
2Planting aquatic plants above the wetland plant bed, its planting requirement is with embodiment 1.The waterplant and the proportion thereof of concrete plantation are respectively in whole wetland district: calamus 4.2%, arrowhead 4.7%, Medulla Junci 0.9%, wild rice 13.0%; Floral leaf Scirpus tabernaemontani 2.0%, reed 57.7%, Canna generalis Bailey 0.8%, Spiked Loosestrife 0.8%; Rhizome of Grass leaf Sweelflag 3.8%, Scirpus tabernaemontani 5.3%, Wildcelery Herb 2.8%, aquatic Canna generalis Bailey 1.8%; Water flag 1.4%, awns 1.4%, cattail 2.2%, rhizoma alismatis 1.9%.This embodiment carries out practical application in the Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province stone mortar ripples water factory's water source ecological wetland improvement engineering (first phase).Ripple 1630 mu of ecological wetland core purifying area project planning areas of stone mortar comprise pretreating zone, wetland root hole ecological purification district, deep purifying district, pilotage water up to standard.The engineering zone relates to 13.8639 ten thousand square metres wetland root hole system laying, 18.0375 ten thousand square metres wetland water plant planting.The wetland engineering of rippling stone mortar formally put into operation on April 1st, 2007, and wherein trial run is dropped on July 2nd, 2008 in the zone to the east of the river, the north suburb, and trial run was dropped in the zone to the west of the river, the north suburb on January 20th, 2009.Latch up phenomenon does not all appear in present whole wet land system operational excellence, facts have proved that it is feasible that the method for wetland root hole is constructed in this manual work, and has obtained successful project application.
Fig. 7 illustrates embodiments of the invention 3, wherein the paving mode of straw in the wetland plant bed be thick-thin-thin-thick alternately.Present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 and 2 be in each independent stalk layer all with slightly-thin-thin-thick (4 subgrades) pattern is laid, and straw is equally distributed in soil in corresponding level; Straw is thick among the embodiment 1-thin and thin-thick arrangement be symmetrically distributed, but interval the natural soils layer of one deck 10cm; Straw is with carefully-slightly phase inter mode arrangement among the embodiment 2, and the centre is also at a distance from the thick natural soils layer of about 10cm.Laying pattern in the face of embodiment 3 specifies down.The wetland plant bed is constructed the soil layer total depth and is about 65cm, wherein lays two-layer straw altogether, and every layer thickness is 15cm.This two-layer stalk layer is layed in the soil layer apart from 25-40cm and 50-65cm under the wetland face of land respectively, is the thick natural soils layer of 10cm between the two-layer stalk layer.The ratio that the section area of thickness mixed straw accounts for the wetland soil sectional area is 4%.Use the dried corn straw of diameter between 0.67-1.95cm as thick stalk, with the dried broom seedling conduct thin stalk of diameter at 0.2-0.32cm.These 2 layers of stalk layers concrete paving mode separately is: going up subgrade is corn straw, and laying density is 0.94kg/m
2Subgrade is a broom seedling stalk in going up, and laying density is 0.40kg/m
2In down subgrade be broom seedling stalk, laying density is 0.40kg/m
2Following subgrade is a corn straw, and laying density is 0.94kg/m
2Planting aquatic plants above the wetland plant bed, its planting requirement is with embodiment 1.
Claims (6)
1. method that the wetland root hole is constructed in manual work is characterized in that: be medium with soil, make up the initial stage at wetland, at wetland soil sublayer heeling-in straw, plantation can form the aquatic and/or hygrophyte of nature root hole on heeling-in stalk wetland bed,
Wherein the soil layer of heeling-in straw is 0.2-1.5m under the wetland soil face of land; Straw diameter in the heeling-in of wetland soil sublayer is 2-50mm, and the main shaft of the straw of heeling-in is held in 0.5%-10% to the scale dimension that sectional area accounts for the soil profile total area in the unit soil profile area.
2. the method for wetland root hole is constructed in manual work according to claim 1, it is characterized in that major axes orientation and the wetland entry of straw of heeling-in is parallel through wetland bed sublayer flow path direction.
3. the method for wetland root hole is constructed in manual work according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in wetland soil, adding the mud of 1%-10% weight.
4. the method for wetland root hole is constructed in manual work according to claim 1; It is characterized in that waterpower regulation and control through the crucial joint control point of wetland position; And/or, build the head difference of wetland bed both sides with whole wetland bed step ground potential difference, filter thereby impel in the root hole system of current in wetland bed.
5. the method for wetland root hole is constructed in manual work according to claim 1, it is characterized in that at 1 to 6 layer of straw of wetland soil sublayer heeling-in.
6. the method for wetland root hole is constructed in manual work according to claim 5, it is characterized in that in each straw layer the laying pattern for thick-thin or thin-thick or thick-thin-thin-thick.
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| CN103951137B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2017-01-04 | 南昌大学 | BCO-SBBR-BAF-CW group technology processes the method for pig farm biogas slurry |
| CN103880257B (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2015-09-30 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | The ecologic assemblage treatment process of a kind of rural area decentralized type sewage and device |
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| CN105409695B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-07-06 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | A kind of method for improving urban green space water infiltration rate |
| CN109368814B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2023-09-12 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Bionic reed root hole coupling denitrification system and heavy pollution water body restoration method |
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