CN102071483A - Preparation method of polytetrafluoroethylene chopped fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of polytetrafluoroethylene chopped fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN102071483A CN102071483A CN 201010552974 CN201010552974A CN102071483A CN 102071483 A CN102071483 A CN 102071483A CN 201010552974 CN201010552974 CN 201010552974 CN 201010552974 A CN201010552974 A CN 201010552974A CN 102071483 A CN102071483 A CN 102071483A
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide polytetrafluoroethylene chopped fiber with high intensity, high uniformity and low production cost and preparation technology thereof. A process flow comprises the following steps of: mixing polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder and a lubricating agent; stirring; standing; performing pre-compression molding; performing push molding; performing rolling molding; drying; performing hot stretching; parting off; twisting; performing primary hot drawing; performing secondary hot drawing; curling and thermally forming; cutting off; loosening; and inspecting and packaging so as to obtain high-intensity polytetrafluoroethylene chopped fiber. In a manufacturing process, the temperature rises gradually from the primary hot stretching to the secondary hot stretching to the curling and thermally forming.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, especially a kind of manufacture method of polytef flocks.
Background technology
Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre is a kind of macromolecular thermoplastic material.Because of its unique perfluorocarbon molecular structure, that polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has is corrosion-resistant, resistant of high or low temperature, low, the noninflammability advantages such as (LOI are 95%) of coefficient of friction, in field of aerospace, industry, medical treatment with in life important use arranged.Especially along with the fast development of modern industrialization process, atmosphere pollution has become a serious day by day global problem, and the improvement of pollutant has become key subjects, and is higher for the performance requirement of filtering material.Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre because have excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, high lubricated not viscosity, weather fastness are compared with the existing fiber that is used for filtering material has significant advantage, can be widely used in filtration, the purified treatment of various flue gases, dust, liquid, therefore extensive day by day in the application in dust removal and filtration field.
Though polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a thermoplastic macromolecule material, different with general thermal plasticity high polymer, only can produce transparent glutinous consolidation glue during fusion, and can melt-flow, also be not dissolved in any flux, therefore its processing is brought very big difficulty.The processing technology of existing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, for example the patent No. is zl200610026648.1, and there is following shortcoming in the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre that name is called a kind of method for producing polytef amosite production: 1, the powerful and powerful uniformity index of fiber is all unstable; 2, the elongation at break index instability of fiber, the material property uniformity is decided index instabilities such as weight average evenness; 3, the grammes per square metre of staple fibre is not easy to reduce.
Summary of the invention
The manufacture method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high strength, good uniformity, polytef flocks that production cost is low.
The manufacture method that realizes polytef flocks of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) the ptfe micropowder material is mixed equably with fluid lubricant;
(2) mixed raw material is inserted at the uniform velocity slowly stirring in the rabbling mechanism, be beneficial to raw material and fully mix;
(3) compound that stirs was left standstill 48~60 hours;
(4) with mixed raw materials process pre-molding;
(5) the mould material with pre-molding pushes, and is pressed into the cylindrical die material;
(6) the cylindrical die material after will pushing is made the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band through calendering, is beneficial to later process processing;
(7) the PTFE base band after will rolling carries out drying, removes lubricant wherein, so that the stretching of later process;
(8) dried polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band is introduced hot drafter and carry out hot drawing-off;
(9) the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band after the hot drawing-off being introduced cutting mechanism cuts;
(10) monofilament that branch is cut merges bunchy;
(11) will merge the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre that the good hot drawing-off of bunchy monofilament process twice reaches required grammes per square metre;
(12) with the curling HEAT SETTING of the process of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre bundle after the drawing-off, to guarantee its functional, stable molding;
(13) will curl after the HEAT SETTING and twist with the fingers monofilament and send into cutting machine and cut into staple fibre;
(14) staple fibre after will cutting off is transported to and carries out shredding in the opener.
The temperature that the hot drawing-off of slubbing in the manufacture process, two road heat are drawing to the HEAT SETTING of curling improves successively.
The lubricant of described step (1) is an aviation kerosine, and described ptfe micropowder is 39: 11~21: 4 with the mixed weight ratio of aviation kerosine.
The mixing speed of described step (2) is 2r/min~5r/min, and whipping temp is 20 ℃~30 ℃, and mixing time is greater than 90min; Leaving standstill of the mixed material of described step (3) is to carry out under 40 ℃~60 ℃ temperature.
The pre-molding of described step (4) carries out on preformer, and preload pressure is 0.5MPa~0.8MPa, and the precompressed temperature is 20 ℃~30 ℃.
The pushing of described step (5) is to adopt the pushing machine to be pressed into the cylindrical die material, and pushing pressure is 3.5MPa~4.2MPa, and the pushing temperature is 160 ℃~180 ℃.
The rolling temperature of described step (6) is 45 ℃~55 ℃, and linear velocity is 0.5m/min~0.8m/min.
The baking temperature of described step (7) is controlled at 300 ± 10 ℃.Dry purpose is to remove lubricating auxiliary agent in the pre-shaped articles, for follow-up hot drawing-off is laid a solid foundation.
The linear velocity of the cutting machine of described step (9) is 0.8m/min~2.0m/min.
The twist of also twisting with the fingers in the described step (10) is 10 ± 1/meter, can make the monofilament of dispersion synthetic a branch of like this, helps the processing of later process.
Frequency control is adopted in the hot drawing-off of described step (11), and draw ratio was controlled at 1: 1400.
The temperature that described step (11) is carried out the hot drawing-off of slubbing in the double hot drawing-off is controlled at 200 ℃~220 ℃; The temperature of the hot drawing-off in two roads is controlled at 240 ℃~260 ℃.The hot drawing temperature in two roads is higher than the hot drawing temperature of slubbing, helps the increase of filament length; But temperature is too high unfavorable to the moulding of monofilament on the contrary, rationally grasps the quality that drawing temperature could effectively be controlled monofilament.
The curling HEAT SETTING heat treatment typing of described step (12) is to import the high-temperature shaping district through the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after the drawing-off, described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre speed of service in shaping area is 5m/min, heat setting temperature is controlled at 360 ± 5 ℃, adopt constant tension force simultaneously, to guarantee the stable of fiber shape, make the regulation package through wrap-up more at last.
The opener of described step (14) is that free style is hit, and revolution is 200 ± 10r/min, can guarantee fiber opening like this, can avoid hitting power excessive again, the damage fiber.
The advantage of the manufacture method of extension microporous teflon membran of the present invention is as follows:
(1) ptfe micropowder material adds a kind of lubricant, through stirring, leave standstill the abundant mixing that helps raw material.
(2) mixed raw material makes product more even through the extruding of 3 different temperatures.
(3) the hot drawing-off of slubbing, the two road heat of producing the process from polytetrafluoroethylene fibre are drawing to the HEAT SETTING use gradient temperature that curls, and performances such as the weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, powerful uniformity and increase brute force are significantly improved.
(4) process equipment is simple, easy to operate, row yielding is high, production cost is low.
(5) frequency control is adopted in hot drawing-off, reduces the drawing-off fluctuation; Draw ratio was controlled at 1: 1400, and drawing-off efficient height, fibre diameter are thin.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of polytef flocks manufacture method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The manufacture method of polytef flocks of the present invention is as follows:
Ptfe micropowder material and aviation kerosine were mixed by weight 39: 11~21: 4, and the ratio of preferably using with is 81: 19; Raw materials mixed is stirred, and mixing speed is 2~5r/min, and whipping temp is 20~30 ℃, and mixing time is 90min, and raw material is fully mixed.
The mixed material that stirs is placed under 40~60 ℃ the temperature, left standstill 48~60 hours, be beneficial to the ptfe micropowder material lubricant is absorbed comprehensively, the two is fully mixed, make the required prefabricated material of processing.
Prefabricated material inserted carry out precompressed in the preformer, pressure is 0.5~0.8MPa, and press temperature is 20~30 ℃, makes the prefabricated molds material; The prefabricated molds goods are inserted the compacting of pushing machine, press temperature is 160~180 ℃ again, and pressure is 3.5~4.2MPa, makes the cylindrical die material again.
The cylindrical die material is pressed into the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band in the downward pressure of 45~55 ℃ temperature, and linear velocity is 0.5~0.8m/min.
The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band that extrudes is introduced drying device, and baking temperature is controlled at 300 ± 10 ℃, and dry purpose is the lubricating auxiliary agent of removing in the base film, for follow-up hot drawing-off is laid a solid foundation.
Dried polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band is introduced hot drafter carry out hot drawing-off.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band after overheated drawing-off imports in the cutting mechanism, and the cutting machine linear velocity is 0.8~2.0m/min.
The monofilament that branch is cut is merged into thigh, and the in addition an amount of twist, and the twist is controlled in 10 ± 1/meter the scope, can allow the monofilament that disperses synthetic a branch of like this, is beneficial to later process processing.
The hot drawing temperature of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre monofilament slubbing after cutting is controlled at 200~220 ℃; The hot drawing temperature in two roads is controlled at 240~260 ℃; Frequency control is adopted in hot drawing-off, and draw ratio was controlled at 1: 1400.The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) long fiber requires to keep the temperature stabilization and the uniform tension in order of draw zone when overheated drawing-off, good to guarantee fibre forming, and the line footpath evenly, grammes per square metre is stable, powerful and powerful good evenness.
Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after overheated drawing-off enters the heat treatment shaping area, the heat treatment typing is to import the high-temperature shaping district through the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after the drawing-off, described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre speed of service in shaping area is 5m/min, heat setting temperature is controlled at 360 ± 5 ℃, adopt constant tension force simultaneously, to guarantee the stable of fiber shape, make the regulation package through wrap-up more at last.
After the typing of curling, enter in the cutting machine, be cut into the polytef flocks of Len req on request.
Staple fibre after the cut-out is transported in the opener, and opener is that free style is hit, and revolution is controlled in the scope of 200 ± 10r/min, so both can guarantee fiber opening, can avoid hitting power to cross the macrolesion fiber again.
At last, staple fibre that shredding is good is through packaging and warehousing after the assay was approved.
Embodiment one
Ptfe micropowder material and aviation kerosine were mixed by weight 39: 11; Raw materials mixed is stirred, and mixing speed is 2r/min, and whipping temp is 20 ℃, and mixing time is 90min, and raw material is fully mixed.
The mixed material that stirs is placed under 40 ℃ the temperature, left standstill 48 hours, be beneficial to the ptfe micropowder material lubricant is absorbed comprehensively, the two is fully mixed, make the required prefabricated material of processing.
Prefabricated material inserted carry out precompressed in the preformer, pressure is 0.5MPa, and press temperature is 20 ℃, makes the prefabricated molds material; The prefabricated molds goods are inserted the compacting of pushing machine, press temperature is 160 ℃ again, and pressure is 3.5MPa, makes the cylindrical die material again.
The cylindrical die material is pressed into the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band in the downward pressure of 45 ℃ temperature, and linear velocity is 0.5m/min.
The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band that extrudes is introduced drying device, and baking temperature is controlled at 300 ± 10 ℃, and dry purpose is the lubricating auxiliary agent of removing in the base film, for follow-up hot drawing-off is laid a solid foundation.
Dried polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band is introduced hot drafter carry out hot drawing-off.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band after overheated drawing-off imports in the cutting mechanism, and the cutting machine linear velocity is 0.8m/min.
The monofilament that branch is cut is merged into thigh, and the in addition an amount of twist, and the twist is controlled in 10 ± 1/meter the scope, can allow the monofilament that disperses synthetic a branch of like this, is beneficial to later process processing.
The hot drawing temperature of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre monofilament slubbing after cutting is controlled at 200 ℃; The hot drawing temperature in two roads is controlled at 240 ℃; Frequency control is adopted in hot drawing-off, and draw ratio was controlled at 1: 1400.The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) long fiber requires to keep the temperature stabilization and the uniform tension in order of draw zone when overheated drawing-off, good to guarantee fibre forming, and the line footpath evenly, grammes per square metre is stable, powerful and powerful good evenness.
Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after overheated drawing-off enters the heat treatment shaping area, the heat treatment typing is to import the high-temperature shaping district through the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after the drawing-off, described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre speed of service in shaping area is 5m/min, heat setting temperature is controlled at 360 ± 5 ℃, adopt constant tension force simultaneously, to guarantee the stable of fiber shape, make the regulation package through wrap-up more at last.
After the typing of curling, enter in the cutting machine, be cut into the polytef flocks of Len req on request.
Staple fibre after the cut-out is transported in the opener, and opener is that free style is hit, and revolution is controlled in the scope of 200 ± 10r/min, so both can guarantee fiber opening, can avoid hitting power to cross the macrolesion fiber again.
Embodiment two
Ptfe micropowder material and aviation kerosine were mixed by weight 81: 19; Raw materials mixed is stirred, and mixing speed is 4r/min, and whipping temp is 25 ℃, and mixing time is 100min, and raw material is fully mixed.
The mixed material that stirs is placed under 50 ℃ the temperature, left standstill 50 hours, be beneficial to the ptfe micropowder material lubricant is absorbed comprehensively, the two is fully mixed, make the required prefabricated material of processing.
Prefabricated material inserted carry out precompressed in the preformer, pressure is 0.6MPa, and press temperature is 25 ℃, makes the prefabricated molds material; The prefabricated molds goods are inserted the compacting of pushing machine, press temperature is 170 ℃ again, and pressure is 3.8MPa, makes the cylindrical die material again.
The cylindrical die material is pressed into the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band in the downward pressure of 50 ℃ temperature, and linear velocity is 0.6m/min.
The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band that extrudes is introduced drying device, and baking temperature is controlled at 300 ± 10 ℃, and dry purpose is the lubricating auxiliary agent of removing in the base film, for follow-up hot drawing-off is laid a solid foundation.
Dried polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band is introduced hot drafter carry out hot drawing-off.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band after overheated drawing-off imports in the cutting mechanism, and the cutting machine linear velocity is 1.5m/min.
The monofilament that branch is cut is merged into thigh, and the in addition an amount of twist, and the twist is controlled in 10 ± 1/meter the scope, can allow the monofilament that disperses synthetic a branch of like this, is beneficial to later process processing.
The hot drawing temperature of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre monofilament slubbing after cutting is controlled at 220 ℃; The hot drawing temperature in two roads is controlled at 260 ℃; Frequency control is adopted in hot drawing-off, and draw ratio was controlled at 1: 1400.The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) long fiber requires to keep the temperature stabilization and the uniform tension in order of draw zone when overheated drawing-off, good to guarantee fibre forming, and the line footpath evenly, grammes per square metre is stable, powerful and powerful good evenness.
Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after overheated drawing-off enters the heat treatment shaping area, the heat treatment typing is to import the high-temperature shaping district through the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after the drawing-off, described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre speed of service in shaping area is 5m/min, heat setting temperature is controlled at 360 ± 5 ℃, adopt constant tension force simultaneously, to guarantee the stable of fiber shape, make the regulation package through wrap-up more at last.
After the typing of curling, enter in the cutting machine, be cut into the polytef flocks of Len req on request.
Staple fibre after the cut-out is transported in the opener, and opener is that free style is hit, and revolution is controlled in the scope of 200 ± 10r/min, so both can guarantee fiber opening, can avoid hitting power to cross the macrolesion fiber again.
Embodiment three
Ptfe micropowder material and aviation kerosine were mixed by weight 21: 4; Raw materials mixed is stirred, and mixing speed is 5r/min, and whipping temp is 30 ℃, and mixing time is 120min, and raw material is fully mixed.
The mixed material that stirs is placed under 60 ℃ the temperature, left standstill 60 hours, be beneficial to the ptfe micropowder material lubricant is absorbed comprehensively, the two is fully mixed, make the required prefabricated material of processing.
Prefabricated material inserted carry out precompressed in the preformer, pressure is 0.8MPa, and press temperature is 30 ℃, makes the prefabricated molds material; The prefabricated molds goods are inserted the compacting of pushing machine, press temperature is 180 ℃ again, and pressure is 4.2MPa, makes the cylindrical die material again.
The cylindrical die material is pressed into the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band in the downward pressure of 55 ℃ temperature, and linear velocity is 0.8m/min.
The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band that extrudes is introduced drying device, and baking temperature is controlled at 300 ± 10 ℃, and dry purpose is the lubricating auxiliary agent of removing in the base film, for follow-up hot drawing-off is laid a solid foundation.
Dried polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band is introduced hot drafter carry out hot drawing-off.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band after overheated drawing-off imports in the cutting mechanism, and the cutting machine linear velocity is 2.0m/min.
The monofilament that branch is cut is merged into thigh, and the in addition an amount of twist, and the twist is controlled in 10 ± 1/meter the scope, can allow the monofilament that disperses synthetic a branch of like this, is beneficial to later process processing.
The hot drawing temperature of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre monofilament slubbing after cutting is controlled at 210 ℃; The hot drawing temperature in two roads is controlled at 250 ℃; Frequency control is adopted in hot drawing-off, and draw ratio was controlled at 1: 1400.The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) long fiber requires to keep the temperature stabilization and the uniform tension in order of draw zone when overheated drawing-off, good to guarantee fibre forming, and the line footpath evenly, grammes per square metre is stable, powerful and powerful good evenness.
Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after overheated drawing-off enters the heat treatment shaping area, the heat treatment typing is to import the high-temperature shaping district through the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after the drawing-off, described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre speed of service in shaping area is 5m/min, heat setting temperature is controlled at 360 ± 5 ℃, adopt constant tension force simultaneously, to guarantee the stable of fiber shape, make the regulation package through wrap-up more at last.
After the typing of curling, enter in the cutting machine, be cut into the polytef flocks of Len req on request.
Staple fibre after the cut-out is transported in the opener, and opener is that free style is hit, and revolution is controlled in the scope of 200 ± 10r/min, so both can guarantee fiber opening, can avoid hitting power to cross the macrolesion fiber again.
Polytef flocks of the present invention, degree of crystallinity are up to more than 99%, and internal crystallization is banded polycrystalline aggregate, can guarantee that the uniformity of fiber has very high intensity simultaneously.
Claims (10)
1. the manufacture method of a polytef flocks comprises the steps:
(1) the ptfe micropowder material is mixed equably with fluid lubricant;
(2) mixed raw material is inserted at the uniform velocity slowly stirring in the rabbling mechanism;
(3) compound that stirs was left standstill 48~60 hours;
(4) with mixed raw materials process pre-molding;
(5) the mould material with pre-molding pushes, and is pressed into the cylindrical die material;
(6) the cylindrical die material after will pushing is made the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band through calendering;
(7) the PTFE base band after will rolling carries out drying, removes lubricant wherein;
(8) dried polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band is introduced hot drafter and carry out hot drawing-off;
(9) the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) base band after the hot drawing-off being introduced cutting mechanism cuts;
(10) monofilament that branch is cut merges bunchy;
(11) will merge the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre that the good hot drawing-off of bunchy monofilament process twice reaches required grammes per square metre;
(12) with the curling HEAT SETTING of the process of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre bundle after the drawing-off, to guarantee its functional, stable molding;
(13) will curl after the HEAT SETTING and twist with the fingers monofilament and send into cutting machine and cut into staple fibre;
(14) staple fibre after will cutting off is transported to and carries out shredding in the opener,
The temperature that the hot drawing-off of slubbing in the manufacture process, two road heat are drawing to the HEAT SETTING of curling improves successively.
2. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lubricant of described step (1) is an aviation kerosine, described ptfe micropowder is 39: 11~21: 4 with the mixed weight ratio of aviation kerosine.
3. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mixing speed of described step (2) is 2r/min~5r/min, and whipping temp is 20 ℃~30 ℃, and mixing time is greater than 90min; Leaving standstill of the mixed material of described step (3) is to carry out under 40 ℃~60 ℃ temperature.
4. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pre-molding of described step (4) carries out on preformer, and preload pressure is 0.5MPa~0.8MPa, and the precompressed temperature is 20 ℃~30 ℃.
5. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the pushing of described step (5) is to adopt the pushing machine to be pressed into the cylindrical die material, and pushing pressure is 3.5MPa~4.2MPa, and pushing temperature is 160 ℃~180 ℃.
6. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rolling temperature of described step (6) is 45 ℃~55 ℃, and linear velocity is 0.5m/min~0.8m/min.
7. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the baking temperature of described step (7) is controlled at 300 ± 10 ℃; The linear velocity of the cutting machine of described step (9) is 0.8m/min~2.0m/min; The twist of also twisting with the fingers in the described step (10) is 10 ± 1/meter.
8. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: frequency control is adopted in the hot drawing-off of described step (11), and draw ratio was controlled at 1: 1400.
9. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (11) is carried out in the double hot drawing-off, and the temperature of the hot drawing-off of slubbing is controlled at 200 ℃~220 ℃; The temperature of the hot drawing-off in two roads is controlled at 240 ℃~260 ℃.
10. the manufacture method of polytef flocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the curling HEAT SETTING of described step (12) is to import the high-temperature shaping district through the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre after the drawing-off, described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre speed of service in shaping area is 5m/min, heat setting temperature is controlled at 360 ± 5 ℃, adopts constant tension force simultaneously; The opener of described step (14) is that free style is hit, and revolution is 200 ± 10r/min.
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