CN102067167A - 自动对话技术 - Google Patents
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Abstract
描述了自动对话技术。一装置可以包括计算设备,该计算设备具有:操作用于接收传入消息的传入消息模块;通信地耦合到传入消息模块的对话标识模块,该对话标识模块操作用于确定传入消息是对话线程的一部分,并通过将传入消息的对话标识符属性设置为对话线程的对话标识符来将传入消息与对话线程相关联;以及通信地耦合到对话标识模块的对话管理器模块,该对话管理器模块操作用于确定对话规则与对话线程相关联,并将对话规则应用于传入消息。描述并要求保护其他实施例。
Description
背景
电子邮件应用程序可以给用户提供将消息存储在类似于由许多文件系统所提供的界面的界面内的逻辑文件夹中的能力。电子邮件应用程序还可以允许用户将已存储的消息分组到逻辑“对话”中。每一对话都是一组相关的消息,包括,例如,根消息和对根消息的回复或彼此之间的回复。当通过对话排列时,消息作为可以根据消息主题或线程分组的对话列表被显示在电子邮件应用程序的用户界面中。对话可以按日期排序,并且每一对话内的消息都可以基于谁回复了谁来排序。
尽管由对话组提供了方便性,但是,某些电子邮件应用程序将对于一个对话的操作限制到个体对话项目。例如,用户可能不需要参与同某些同事讨论午餐选项的对话线程。用户可能需要在个体对话项目到达时删除这些单个对话项目,以使其收件箱保持干净。这样的操作对于用户来说是繁琐并且费时的,特别是给定用户在任何给定一天可能接收到的电子邮件消息的量增大的情况下。因此,需要对项目管理和显示技术的改善来解决这些及其他问题,并增强用户在各种使用情形下的体验。
发明内容
提供本发明内容是为了以简化的形式介绍将在以下详细描述中进一步描述的一些概念。本发明内容并不旨在标识出所要求保护的主题的关键特征或必要特征,也不旨在用于限定所要求保护的主题的范围。
各实施例一般涉及消息应用程序的自动对话技术。某些实施例特别涉及可以跨诸如例如电子邮件应用程序等消息应用程序的整个对话组或线程地应用的自动对话动作。
例如,一个实施例可以包括诸如具有消息应用程序的计算设备之类的装置。消息应用程序可以包括,除了别的元素的之外,操作用于接收传入消息的传入消息模块。消息应用程序还可包括通信地耦合到传入消息模块的对话标识模块,该对话标识模块操作用于确定传入消息是对话线程的一部分,并通过将传入消息的对话标识符属性设置为对话线程的对话标识符来将传入消息与对话线程相关联。消息应用程序可以进一步包括通信地耦合到对话标识模块的对话管理器模块,该对话管理器模块操作用于确定对话规则与对话线程相关联,并将对话规则应用于传入消息。描述并要求保护其他实施例。
通过阅读下面的“具体实施方式”并参考相关联的图形,这些及其他特点和优点将变得显而易见。应该理解,前面的一般性的说明和下面的详细描述只是说明性的,不会对如权利要求所述的方面形成限制。
附图简述
图1示出了操作环境的实施例。
图2示出了计算设备的实施例。
图3示出了电子邮件应用程序的实施例。
图4示出了第一对话视图的实施例。
图5示出了第二对话视图的实施例。
图6示出了第三对话视图的实施例。
图7示出了第四对话视图的实施例。
图8示出了第五对话视图的实施例。
图9示出了逻辑流程的实施例。
图10示出了制品的实施例。
具体实施方式
各实施例包括被配置为执行某些操作、功能或服务的物理或逻辑结构。结构可以包括物理结构、逻辑结构或两者的组合。物理或逻辑结构是使用硬件元素、软件元素或两者的组合来实现的。然而,参考特定硬件或软件元素对实施例的描述只作为示例而非限制。使用硬件或软件元素以实际实践实施例的决定取决于若干个外部因素,如所希望的计算速率、功率水平、耐热性、处理周期预算、输入数据速率、输出数据速率、存储器资源、数据总线速度,及其他设计或性能约束。此外,物理或逻辑结构还可以具有对应的物理或逻辑连接,以便以电子信号或消息的形式在各结构之间传达信息。连接可以包括对于信息或特定结构适合的有线和/或无线连接。值得注意的是,对“一个实施例”、“实施例”的引用意味着结合该实施例所描述的特定特征、结构或特性被包括在至少一个实施例中。在本说明书中的不同位置出现短语“在一个实施例中”不一定都是指同一个实施例。
各实施例可以涉及消息应用程序的自动对话技术。可以为任何消息应用程序实现自动对话技术。消息应用程序的示例可包括,但不仅限于,电子邮件消息应用程序、文本消息应用程序、短消息服务(SMS)消息应用程序、多媒体消息服务器(MMS)消息应用程序、话音消息应用程序、视频消息应用程序等等。在一个实施例中,可以参考电子邮件应用程序作为示例而不是限制来描述自动对话技术。然而,特定实现可以关于其他消息应用程序实现自动对话技术,并仍在各实施例的范围内。
各实施例可以涉及诸如电子邮件应用程序等消息应用程序的自动对话技术。一般而言,电子邮件应用程序允许用户通过电子通信系统来编写、发送,以及接收消息。在某些实施例中,所描述的技术可以通过客户机/服务器电子邮件消息接发系统的一个或多个元素来实现。在这样的实施例中,服务器可以支持各种消息接发客户机,接受来自客户机的请求和数据,处理请求,存储数据,并将处理结果返回到客户机。因此,项目聚集和显示技术中的一个或多个可以实现为基于客户机的电子邮件应用程序、基于服务器的电子邮件应用程序内的特征,该基于服务器的电子邮件应用程序包括经由web浏览器和/或通过其他类型的与电子邮件进行交互的应用程序、程序或服务提供对电子邮件服务的访问的基于web的电子邮件应用程序。
在某些实施例中,自动对话技术中的一个或多个可以在诸如由位于美国华盛顿州雷德蒙市的微软公司出品的MICROSOFT OFFICE应用程序软件之类的电子邮件客户端应用程序或软件程序内实现。在这样的实施例中,所描述的技术可以由电子邮件客户端应用程序在联机或者脱机模式下执行。在脱机模式下,电子邮件客户端应用程序可以对本地存储或高速缓存的电子邮件消息执行一个或多个自动对话技术。可以理解,所描述的技术可以通过根据所描述的实施例的任何类型的电子邮件客户端来实现,包括,但不仅限于,消息接发应用程序编程接口(MAPI)客户端、超文本传输协议(HTTP)客户端、邮局协议3(POP3)客户端、因特网消息访问协议(IMAP或IMAP4)客户端、网络新闻传输协议(NNTP)客户端等等。
另选地或另外地,一个或多个自动对话技术可以实现为诸如由位于美国华盛顿州雷德蒙市的微软公司的MICROSOFT EXCHANGE之类的基于服务器的电子邮件应用程序或软件程序内的特征。服务器可以提供电子邮件、日历、联系人和任务功能,并支持对信息以及数据存储的移动和基于web的访问。服务器可以包括用于将包括电子邮件消息的项目及其他数据存储在邮箱和文件夹中的消息存储或与该消息存储进行通信,并可以提供用于与各种电子邮件客户端进行通信并允许访问消息存储的接口。服务器还可以包括包含有关系统的用户的信息和配置信息的目录或与该目录进行通信,该配置信息可以被消息传输子系统用来对于发往该服务器上的、同一个组织中的另一服务器上收件人和/或发往因特网或其他消息接发系统上的收件人的电子邮件消息执行各种路由和传输操作。
在某些实施例中,服务器可以支持各种web服务,包括web访问,移动访问,以及同步功能,因特网信息服务(IIS)和因特网服务器应用程序编程接口(ISAPI)应用程序——这些应用程序提供SMTP、NNTP、IMAP4和POP3服务,以使因特网用户通过各种因特网接入协议和基于HTTP的协议——包括通过HTTP通信的远程过程调用(RPC)——来访问消息接发数据。在一些实现中,数据可以被格式化为压缩的无线二进制XML(WbXML)数据,以有效利用移动客户端的带宽。除标准因特网协议之外,当供公司或其他组织使用时,服务器还可以支持通过专有的或非标准协议的通信。
电子邮件应用程序可以向用户提供将消息存储在类似于由许多文件系统所提供的界面的界面内的逻辑文件夹中的能力。可以理解,术语“文件夹”可以是指不管存储在用户界面中和/或在用户界面中表示的项目的任何集合。尽管当引用邮件集合时某些操作系统或应用程序可以不使用术语“文件夹”,但是,这样的情形也被描述和示出文件夹的实施例所涵盖。
电子邮件应用程序还可以允许用户和/或逻辑将已存储的消息分组到逻辑对话中,以形成对话组或对话线程。每一对话都可以包括一组相关的消息,包括,例如,根消息和对根消息的回复或彼此之间的回复。当用户选定通过对话排列消息时,消息作为可以根据消息主题或线程分组的对话列表被显示在电子邮件应用程序的用户界面中。对话可以按日期排序,并且每一对话内的消息都可以基于谁回复了谁来排序。
在某些情况下,一对话的消息可以跨多个文件夹地存储。例如,用户可以人工地将消息组织到各种文件夹中。用户还可以设置用于基于发件人、主题或其他准则来将电子邮件消息自动地分隔到某些文件夹的一个或多个过滤规则。此外,由一个用户所发送的回复消息还可以存储在该用户的已发送项目文件夹内。
尽管由对话线程提供了方便性,但是,某些电子邮件应用程序将对于一个对话的操作限制到个体对话项目。例如,用户可能不需要参与同某些同事讨论午餐选项的对话线程。用户可能需要在个体对话项目到达时删除这些个体对话项目,以使其收件箱保持干净。这样的操作对于用户来说是繁琐并且费时的,特别是给定用户在任何给定一天可能接收到的电子邮件消息的量增大的情况下。
为解决这些及其他问题,各实施例可以为消息应用程序实现各种自动对话技术。某些实施例特别涉及可以跨诸如例如电子邮件应用程序之类的消息应用程序的整个对话组或对话线程地应用的自动对话技术。
例如,一个实施例可以包括诸如具有诸如电子邮件应用程序等消息应用程序的计算设备之类的装置。消息应用程序可以包括,除了别的元素的之外,用于接收传入消息的传入消息模块。消息应用程序还可包括可通信地耦合到传入消息模块的对话标识模块,该对话标识模块操作用于确定传入消息是对话线程的一部分,并通过将传入消息的对话标识符属性设置为对话线程的对话标识符来将传入消息与对话线程相关联。消息应用程序还可以进一步包括可通信地耦合到对话标识模块的对话管理器模块,该对话管理器模块操作用于确定对话规则与对话线程相关联,并对传入消息应用对话规则。以此方式,用户需要建立对话规则一次,该对话规则就可被自动地应用于一个对话线程中的所有已存储的消息,以及作为同一个对话线程的一部分的新的传入消息。结果,用户可能具有增强的消息接发体验。
更具体而言,对话管理器模块按可跨整个对话组或对话线程应用的对话级别动作的形式实现自动对话技术。对话级别动作通常影响整个对话线程中的某些或所有消息。通过对比,项目级别动作通常影响单个消息项目。对话规则的示例可包括,但不仅限于,“始终删除”对话规则、“始终移动”对话规则、“始终分类”对话等等。这些只是几个示例,且可以根据给定实现的需要,为对话线程实现任意数量的对话级别动作。在此上下文中,实施例不受限制。
图1示出了适于实施各实施例的操作环境100的框图。操作环境100可以包括为通过单个实体环境或多个实体分布式环境的实现而设计的元素。根据对于给定一组设计参数或性能约束的需要,每一元素都可以实现为硬件元素、软件元素或其任何组合。硬件元素的示例可包括器件、组件、处理器、微处理器、电路、电路元件(例如,晶体管、电阻器、电容器、感应器等等)、集成电路、专用集成电路(ASIC)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、存储器单元、逻辑门、寄存器、半导体器件、芯片、微芯片、芯片集等等。软件元素的示例可包括任何软件元素组件、程序、应用、计算机程序、应用程序、系统程序、机器程序、操作系统软件、中间件、固件、软件模块、例程、子例程、函数、方法、接口、软件接口、应用程序接口(API)、指令集、计算代码、计算机代码、代码段、计算机代码段、文字、值、符号,或其任何组合。
如此处所使用的,术语“系统”、“子系统”、“组件”,以及“模块”等等旨在表示计算机相关实体,包括硬件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或者执行中的软件。例如,组件可被实现为在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、硬盘驱动器、多个存储驱动器(光学和/或磁存储介质)、对象、可执行程序、执行的线程、程序,和/或计算机。作为说明,在服务器上运行的应用程序和服务器两者都可以是组件。根据给定实现的需要,一个或多个组件可以驻留在进程和/或执行的线程内,组件可以被局部化在一台计算机上和/或分布在两个或更多计算机之间。在此上下文中,实施例不受限制。
在图1所示出的实施例中,操作环境100可以包括,除了别的元素的之外,客户机计算设备110和服务器计算设备130。计算设备110,130可以利用具有计算能力和通信能力的任何合适的电子设备来实现。计算设备110,130的示例可包括,但不仅限于,移动设备、个人数字助理、移动计算设备、智能电话、蜂窝电话、手持机、单向寻呼机、双向寻呼机、消息接发设备、计算机、个人计算机(PC)、台式计算机、膝上型计算机、笔记本电脑、手持式计算机、服务器、服务器阵列或服务器场、web服务器、网络服务器、因特网服务器、工作站、微型计算机、大型计算机、巨型计算机、网络设备、web设备、分布式计算系统、多处理器系统、基于处理器的系统、消费电子产品、可编程消费电子产品、电视机、数字电视、机顶盒、无线接入点、基站、订户站、移动用户中心、无线网络控制器、路由器、集线器、网关、桥接器、交换机、机器或其组合。虽然如图1所示的操作环境100在某一拓扑中具有有限数目个节点,但是,可以理解,操作环境100可根据给定实现的需要,在替换的拓扑中包括更多或更少的节点。
计算设备110,130可以经由网络118和适当的无线或有线通信介质来可通信地耦合。计算设备110,130可以在彼此之间协调操作。协调可以涉及单向或双向信息交换。例如,计算设备110,130可以通过网络118传达信息。网络118可以包括分组交换网、电路交换网、或两者的组合。信息可被实现为跨各种网络接口发送的数据消息。示例性网络接口包括并行接口、串行接口,以及总线接口。
计算设备110,130可以实现相应的计算系统120,120a。计算系统120,120a可包括各种计算元件,诸如一个或多个处理器、协处理器、存储器单元、芯片集、控制器、外围设备、接口、振荡器、定时设备、视频卡、音频卡、多媒体输入/输出(I/O)组件等等。计算系统120,120a可以实现,除了别的元素之外,相应的客户端应用程序122和服务器应用程序132。在图1中所示出的示例中,客户端应用程序122可以包括电子邮件客户端应用程序124及其他应用程序126,而服务器应用程序132可以包括电子邮件服务器应用程序134及其他应用程序136。在各实现中,电子邮件客户端应用程序124和/或电子邮件服务器应用程序134可以执行根据所描述的实施例的一个或多个项目聚集和显示技术。
应用程序126可以包括支持客户机计算设备110的操作的一种或多种类型的应用程序。示例性应用程序可以包括,但不仅限于,web浏览器应用程序、电话应用程序(例如,蜂窝式、VoIP、PTT)、网络应用程序、消息接发应用程序(例如,IM、SMS、MMS)、日历应用程序、联系人应用程序、任务应用程序、文字处理应用程序、电子表格应用程序、数据库应用程序、媒体应用程序(例如,视频播放器、音频播放器、多媒体播放器、数码相机、摄像机、媒体管理)、基于位置的服务(LBS)应用程序、游戏应用程序等等。
应用程序136可以包括支持服务器计算设备130的操作的一种或多种类型的应用程序。在各实现中,应用程序136可包括支持根据所描述的实施例的作为电子邮件服务器、web服务器和/或文件服务器的服务器计算设备130的操作的服务器应用程序。在某些情况下,应用程序136中的一个或多个可以包括应用程序126中的一个或多个的网络、服务器或基于web的版本。在这样的情况下,应用程序126,136可以分开地操作,诸如当客户机计算设备110离线时,或当客户机计算设备110在线并经由网络118连接到服务器计算设备130时可以进行交互操作。
计算系统120、120a还可以包括适于控制客户机计算设备110和服务器计算设备130的操作的相应的操作系统128,138。在某些实施例中,操作系统128,138可以包括诸如由位于华盛顿州雷德蒙市的微软公司出品的MICROSOFT操作系统之类的操作系统的相应的客户端和服务器版本。可以理解,其他合适的操作系统可以用于客户机计算设备110和/或服务器计算设备130。
计算设备110,130可以包括用于诸如电子邮件消息及邮箱和文件夹中的其他数据之类的项目存储的数据存储,或与该数据存储进行通信。参考图1,数据存储可以由数据库140来实现。在这样的实现中,当经由网络118连接时,服务器计算设备130可以向客户机计算设备110提供对数据库140的访问。另选地或另外地,客户机计算设备110可以经由网络118直接访问数据库140。尽管为了说明目的而被示为单独的元素,但是,可以理解,在某些实施例中,数据库140可以构成客户机计算设备110和/或服务器计算设备130的一部分。还可以理解,数据存储可以驻留在客户机计算设备110,服务器计算设备130,和/或数据库140上,且在某些实施例中,客户机计算设备110、服务器计算设备130,和/或数据库140可以存储可以彼此同步的相应的数据存储。
除相应的计算系统120、120a之外,计算设备110,130还可以实现相应的通信系统150,150a。通信系统150,150a可包括各种通信元件,如发射机、接收机、收发机、无线电、网络接口、基带处理器、天线、放大器、滤波器等等。例如,在一个实施例中,计算设备110,130可以使用如参考图2所描述的计算和通信体系结构来实现。
图2提供了适于实施各实施例的计算设备200的说明性体系结构。计算设备200可以代表例如客户机计算设备110和/或服务器计算设备130。如图所示,计算设备200示出了个人或服务器计算机的常规计算体系结构,包括包含处理器204和系统存储器206的处理系统。系统存储器206可包括,除其他类型的存储器之外,随机存取存储器(RAM)和只读存储器(ROM)210。诸如基本I/O系统(BIOS)之类的输入/输出(I/O)系统可以实现诸如在启动操作期间使用存储在ROM 210中的逻辑来帮助在计算设备200内的各元件之间传输信息的例程。系统总线212可通信地耦合计算设备200的所有元件以促进信息传输和数据处理操作。
计算设备200还包括用于存储诸如操作系统128之类的操作系统以及其他程序模块216和程序数据218的大容量存储设备214。大容量存储设备214还可以存储各种应用程序,如下面比较详细地描述的。
大容量存储设备214可以通过连接到系统总线212的大容量存储控制器(未示出)连接到处理器204。大容量存储设备214以及其相关联的计算机可读介质,为计算设备200提供非易失性存储器。虽然此处包含的计算机可读介质的描述引用了诸如硬盘或CD-ROM驱动器之类的大容量存储设备,但是,本领域的技术人员应该了解,计算机可读介质可以是可以被计算设备200访问的任何可用的介质。作为示例而非限制,计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质和通信介质。计算机存储介质包括以用于存储诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据之类的信息的任何方法或技术实现的易失性和非易失性、可移动和不可移动介质。计算机存储介质包括,但不限于,RAM、ROM、EPROM、EEPROM、闪存或其它固态存储器技术、CD-ROM、DVD或其它光学存储、磁带盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其它磁性存储设备、或能用于存储所需信息且可以由计算机访问的任何其它介质。
根据各实施例,计算设备200可以通过网络118,使用到远程计算机的逻辑连接在联网环境中操作,在一些实现中,网络118可以是诸如因特网之类的传输控制协议(TCP)和网际协议(IP)网络。计算设备200可以通过连接到系统总线212的网络接口220(例如,有线或无线网络接口)连接到网络118。可以理解,网络118可以包括根据所描述的实施例的任何类型的网络,包括,但不仅限于,广域网(WAN)、局域网(LAN),和/或蜂窝电话网络,并且网络接口220可以支持各种传输层,如GPRS、CDMA 1xRTT、IEEE 802.11,及用于连接到各种网络和/或远程计算机系统的其他。
计算设备200可包括用于接收和处理来自多个输入设备224的输入的I/O控制器222。用户可以通过诸如键盘和定点设备(如,鼠标、跟踪球或触摸板)之类的各种输入设备224向计算设备200中输入命令和信息。输入设备224的其他示例可包括麦克风、游戏杆、游戏手柄、碟形卫星天线、扫描仪等等。输入设备224可以通过耦合到系统总线212的I/O控制器222连接到处理器204,但是,也可以通过诸如并行端口、游戏端口或通用串行总线(USB)之类的其他接口和总线结构来进行连接。I/O控制器222也可以提供到诸如监视器或经由I/O控制器222连接到系统总线212的其他类型的显示设备之类的各种输出设备224的输出。在各实现中,显示设备可以根据所描述的实施例,向用户呈现一个或多个用户界面(UI)。除显示设备之外,I/O控制器222可以提供到打印机、扬声器及其他外围设备的输出。
如上文所提及的,许多程序模块和数据文件可以存储在计算设备200的大容量存储设备214和RAM 208中。在图2中所示出的示例中,大容量存储设备214和RAM 208可以存储操作系统128以及一个或多个客户端应用程序122,包括电子邮件客户端应用程序124及其他应用程序126。可以理解,在一些实现中,大容量存储设备214和RAM 208可以存储操作系统138以及一个或多个服务器应用程序132,包括电子邮件服务器应用程序134及其他应用程序136。
根据各实施例,电子邮件客户端应用程序124和/或电子邮件服务器应用程序134可以实现一种或多种自动对话技术。例如,在一个实施例中,电子邮件客户端应用程序124和/或电子邮件服务器应用程序134可以如参考3所描述的那样来实现。
图3示出了适于实施各实施例的电子邮件应用程序300的一个实施例。参考图1和2,在一些实现中,电子邮件应用程序300可以作为电子邮件客户端应用程序124来操作,如驻留在计算设备110上的客户端应用程序122中的一个那样。另选地或另外地,电子邮件应用程序300可以作为电子邮件服务器应用程序134来操作,如驻留在计算设备130上的服务器应用程序132中的一个那样。此外,电子邮件应用程序300的一个或多个部分可以在电子邮件客户端应用程序124和电子邮件服务器应用程序134之间分布。电子邮件应用程序300的一个或多个部分也可以通过计算设备200的RAM 208中、另一个远程计算机上、或在计算机软件领域中的人所想到的任何其他变体中的应用程序来实现。
如图所示,电子邮件应用程序300可包括项目存储310。尽管为了说明起见,而不是限制,项目存储310被示为电子邮件应用程序300的一部分,但是,可以理解,根据所描述的实施例,项目存储310可以驻留在各个位置。例如,项目存储310可以驻留在客户机计算设备110上、服务器计算设备130上,和/或数据库140中。作为一个非限制性示例,电子邮件应用程序300的项目存储310可以驻留在计算设备200的程序数据218内,无论是数据库中和/或一个或更多文件中。作为另一非限制性示例,项目存储310可以全部或部分地驻留在诸如操作系统128或操作系统138之类的操作系统的文件系统中由用户所指定的目录里。作为另一非限制性示例,项目存储310可以全部或部分地驻留在可以由服务器计算设备130访问或主存的数据库140上。
在图3中所示出的示例中,项目存储310包括收件箱文件夹312、垃圾文件夹314、已发送项目文件夹316、一个或多个其他电子邮件文件夹318,以及一个或多个存档文件320。可以理解,项目文件夹或文件可以是指不管存储在用户界面中和/或在用户界面中表示的项目的任何集合。尽管当引用项目集合时某些操作系统或应用程序可以不使用项目文件夹,但是,这样的情形也被描述和示出文件夹的实施例所涵盖。还可以理解,根据所描述的实施例,也可以实现其他文件夹变体和文件。
电子邮件应用程序300可以向用户提供将邮件存储在诸如收件箱文件夹312、垃圾文件夹314、已发送项目文件夹316之类的某些逻辑文件夹中,以及诸如用于存储与某一发件人或收件人、主题(例如,规划项目)、内容(例如,文本、附件)或其他准则相关联的项目的用户创建文件夹之类的一个或多个其他电子邮件文件夹318的能力。用户可以与电子邮件应用程序300交互并手动地将项目组织到各种文件夹中。用户还可以设置用于基于发件人、收件人、主题、内容或其他准则来将项目自动地分隔到某些文件夹的一个或多个过滤规则。此外,由用户响应于其他消息所发送的回复消息还可以存储在已发送项目文件夹316内。用户还可以将旧的项目存储在一个或多个存档文件320中,这些存档文件320可被实现为用户的本地硬盘驱动器上的一个或多个个人存储表扩展(.pst)文件和/或任何其他合适的存档数据结构。
电子邮件应用程序300可以允许用户将已存储的消息分组到逻辑对话中。每一对话都可以包括一组相关项目,包括,例如,根消息和对根消息的回复或彼此之间的回复。在一些情况下,一对话的相关项目可以跨多个存储位置存储,诸如跨收件箱文件夹312、垃圾文件夹314、已发送项目文件夹316、其他电子邮件文件夹318,以及存档文件320中的两个或更多地存储。
如图所示,电子邮件应用程序300可包括邮件管理逻辑330,该逻辑330可以负责执行此处所描述的项目聚集和显示技术中的一些或全部。在图3中所示出的示例中,邮件管理逻辑330包括各种模块,且每一模块表示由项目管理逻辑330执行的各种操作的离散的逻辑集。
项目管理逻辑330还可以包括用于操作可以支持各种其他操作和能力的电子邮件应用程序300的其他逻辑。示例性操作和能力可包括发送和接收操作、存储和组织操作、过滤操作、排序操作、搜索操作、预览操作、用于同步的能力、用于访问消息接发数据(包括web访问和移动访问)的能力、用于检测用户的联机/脱机状态的能力、用于将电子邮件应用程序300与日历、联系人和任务功能集成的能力、和/或根据所描述的实施例的任何其他特征。
在一些实现中,项目管理逻辑330可以作为客户机计算设备110上的客户端应用程序122的一部分或作为服务器计算设备130上的服务器应用程序132的一部分,驻留在电子邮件应用程序300内。然而,可以理解,根据所描述的实施例,项目管理逻辑330可以替代地或另外地被实现为存储在各种位置的一种或多种类型的计算机可读存储介质上的计算机可执行指令。
虽然图3中所示出的示例包括特定的一组逻辑,但是,可以理解,项目管理逻辑330提供一般功能的示例性实现。可以理解,逻辑的序列不一定必须按呈现的顺序执行,除非另有陈述。此外,尽管项目管理逻辑330可以被描述为执行特定步骤序列,但是,根据替换实施例,还可执行其他步骤序列。此外,由项目管理逻辑330所执行的某些个体步骤可包括多个子步骤,这些子步骤可以对个体步骤合适的各种序列执行。此外,取决于特定实现,还可以执行额外的步骤,或者某些步骤可以被项目管理逻辑330省去。
在图3所示出的实施例中,项目管理逻辑330可以被细分为传入消息模块332、对话标识模块334、对话管理器模块336、消息检索模块338,以及传出消息模块340。应该理解,这些模块可以共享一个或多个公共指令。此外,还应该理解,项目管理逻辑330可包括除所示出的模块之外的其他消息模块342,用以提供额外的消息功能。例如,项目管理逻辑可包括过滤掉“兜售信息(spam)”电子邮件消息的消息模块。
当由处理器204执行时,传入消息模块332与操作系统128进行交互,以接收由网络接口220从网络118接收到的传入电子邮件消息。例如,传入消息模块332可以使用由操作系统128所提供的接口来配置导致操作系统128向传入消息模块332提供传入电子邮件消息的回调。当传入消息模块332接收传入电子邮件消息时,传入消息模块332可以对传入电子邮件消息执行一个或多个电子邮件处理操作。例如,传入消息模块332可以确定传入电子邮件地址是否包括指定与由计算设备110,130维护的活动帐户相关联的电子邮件地址的“送往(to)”属性、“抄送(cc)”属性或“暗送(bcc)”属性。在此示例中,当传入电子邮件消息的“送往”属性、“传送”属性或“暗送”属性指定与由计算设备110,130先前维护的不活动帐户相关联的电子邮件地址时,传入消息模块332可以生成传出“弹回”消息。在传入消息模块332对传入电子邮件消息执行电子邮件处理操作之后,传入消息模块332可以向对话标识模块334提供传入电子邮件消息。
项目管理逻辑330可包括可通信地耦合到传入消息模块332的对话标识模块334。对话标识模块334操作用于确定传入消息是对话线程的一部分。对话标识模块334通过将传入消息的对话标识符属性设置为对话线程的对话标识符来将传入消息与对话线程相关联。
当由处理器204执行时,对话标识模块334从传入消息模块332接收传入电子邮件消息,并尝试识别与传入电子邮件消息相关联的现有对话。如果对话标识模块334不能成功地识别与传入电子邮件消息相关联的现有对话,则对话标识模块334可以将传入电子邮件消息与新对话相关联。
对话标识模块334可以以许多不同的方式确定消息是否是现有对话的一部分。例如,在一个实施例中,当下列条件中的一个或多个出现时,对话标识模块334执行将传入电子邮件消息与现有对话相关联的算法:
(1)传入电子邮件消息包括“答复”属性,该属性指定与由同现有对话相关联的所存储消息的“消息标识符”属性所指定的值相对应的值;
(2)传入电子邮件消息包括“引用”属性,该属性指定与由同现有对话相关联的所存储消息的“消息标识符”属性所指定的值相对应的值;以及
(3)传入电子邮件的规范化的“主题”属性与同现有对话相关联的所存储消息的规范化的“主题”属性相对应。
这些条件中的一个条件的出现可以表示用于允许对话标识模块334将传入电子邮件消息与现有对话相关联的示例性的一组前提条件。然而,还可以有其中在对话标识模块334将传入电子邮件消息与现有对话相关联之前可以发生附加条件的实现。例如,当条件(2)出现且仅当条件(1)不出现时,一个实现可以将接收到的消息与现有对话相关联。
另外地或替换地,对话标识模块334不将电子邮件消息与对话相关联。相反地,对话标识模块334可以执行用于将电子邮件消息与对话相关联的动作。这包括传入电子邮件消息以及传出电子邮件消息两者。
在对话标识模块334将传入电子邮件消息与现有对话相关联或将传入电子邮件消息与新对话相关联之后,对话标识模块334可以在消息数据库350中存储传入电子邮件消息连同标识与该传入电子邮件消息相关联的对话的对话标识符。在一种实现中,消息数据库350包括一个表,该表包括对应每一个电子邮件消息的行和对应电子邮件消息的每一属性的列。例如,该表可包括对应电子邮件消息的“送往”属性的列、对应电子邮件消息的“来自”属性的列、对应电子邮件消息的“抄送”属性的列、对应电子邮件消息的“日期”属性的列、对应电子邮件消息的“主题”属性的列、对应电子邮件消息的“正文”属性的列等等。此外,在此情况下,该表可包括对应标识与电子邮件消息相关联的对话的对话标识符的列。如下所示,在表1中提供了示例:
表1
应该理解,该表可包括对应电子邮件消息的许多其他属性的列。这些其他属性可包括“X-MimeOLE”属性、“内容类别”属性、“MIME版本”属性、“内容类型”属性、“内容传输编码”属性、“日期”属性、“消息ID”属性、“X-MS-Has-Attach(X-MS-已-附)”属性、“X-MS-TNEF-Correlator(X-MS-TNEF-相关器)”属性、“X-Priority(X-优先级)”属性、“优先级”属性、“重要性”属性、“抄送”属性、“暗送”属性等等。此外,还可以轻松地看出,表1包括了在同电子邮件地址“ybara@microsoft.com”相关联的人与同电子邮件地址“barney@microsoft.com”相关联的人之间交换的关于是否吃午餐的一系列电子邮件消息。应该注意,这些电子邮件消息在它们的“对话标识符”属性中列出了相同对话标识符。以此方式,这些电子邮件消息的“对话标识符”属性的对话标识符指示这些电子邮件消息与共同的对话相关联。
邮件管理逻辑330可包括可通信地耦合到对话管理器模块336的消息检索模块338。当由处理器204执行时,消息检索模块338可使用户能够检索存储在消息数据库350中的电子邮件消息。例如,当电子邮件应用程序300通过服务器计算设备130来实现时,消息检索模块338可以从客户机计算设备110上的电子邮件客户端应用程序124接收周期性的检索新消息的请求,这些请求指定了与客户机计算设备110的用户相关联的电子邮件地址。响应于这样的请求,消息检索模块338可以标识消息数据库350中的先前没有发送到客户机计算设备110的任何新电子邮件消息。如果消息检索模块338标识任何这样的新电子邮件消息,则消息检索模块338可以向客户机计算设备110发送所标识的电子邮件消息,以及电子邮件消息的对话标识符。一旦接收到所标识的电子邮件消息,客户机计算设备110上的电子邮件客户端应用程序就可以呈现用户界面视图,在该视图中,所标识的电子邮件消息、以及以前检索到的电子邮件消息,被按照与电子邮件消息相关联的对话分组。例如,客户机计算设备110可以呈现用户界面视图,在该视图中,与对话相关联的电子邮件消息被作为电子邮件消息树来呈现。在另一种情况下,客户机计算设备110可以呈现一个界面,该界面包括每一个对话的电子邮件消息的单独列表。
项目管理逻辑330可包括通信地耦合到消息检索模块338的传出消息模块340。当由处理器204执行时,传出消息模块340可使用户能够发送传出电子邮件消息。例如,传出消息模块340可以从客户机计算设备110上的电子邮件客户端应用程序124接收发送传出电子邮件消息的请求。在此示例中,传出消息模块340可以将传出电子邮件消息与对话标识符相关联,并将此对话标识符合并到传出电子邮件消息中。在传出消息模块340将传出电子邮件消息与对话标识符相关联并将此对话标识符作为电子邮件消息的“对话标识符”属性合并到传出电子邮件消息之后,传出消息模块340可以指令操作系统128在网络118上发送传出电子邮件消息。
邮件管理逻辑330可包括通信地耦合到对话标识模块334的对话管理器模块336。对话管理器模块336可以一般性地被配置为实现各种自动对话技术。对话管理器模块336以可跨由电子邮件应用程序300管理的整个对话组或对话线程应用的对话级别动作的形式来实现自动对话技术。对话级别动作通常影响整个对话线程中的某些或所有消息。通过对比,邮件级别动作通常影响单个消息项目。
利用对话功能帮助用户降低信息过载的主要宗旨之一是给他们一个按对话模型行动的简便方式。对话模型现在智能地表示用户正与其进行交互的消息组。新对话模型将支持两个主要动作组。首先,对话模型将先前只是项目级别的东西提升到对话级别,并专门为对话项目引入新的一组动作。提升项目级别动作是关于将过去分别地对消息执行的动作一起进行批处理,如“标记”、“分类”,“指派”等等,以便用户需要为整个对话设置单个对话规则。例如,用户可以标记一个对话线程并用此来轻松地标记该对话线程中的最新的消息。此外,具有对话级别的视图允许电子邮件应用程序300引入第二类别的动作,特别是那些专门对对话线程本身起作用的动作。这些是利用“对话”的语义的一组操作,诸如“始终删除”或“始终移动”对话规则。
对话管理器模块336操作用于为对话线程创建对话规则。操作员或用户可以通过从一个对话线程中选定一个或多个消息,并为这一个或多个消息指派对话规则,来为对话线程创建对话规则。对话规则定义要对具有对话线程的共同对话标识符(ID)的现有和未来消息执行的一组对话级别动作。现有消息可以存储在消息数据库350中。未来消息可包括跨网络118和网络接口220从远程设备接收到的到电子邮件应用程序300的新的传入消息。对话规则的一些示例可包括,但不仅限于,“始终删除”对话规则、“始终移动”对话规则、“始终分类”对话等等。下面将进一步描述这些对话规则中的每一个。
一旦对话管理器模块336为对话线程创建对话规则,对话管理器模块336就将对话规则存储在对话动作表(CAT)中。CAT是被设计成用于存储驱动对话级别动作所需的信息的新表。CAT是其中对话“对象”具有与它相关联的正在进行的动作的场所。它是PST中的一个表,其包含具有正在进行的动作或一组动作的每一个对话的条目。如下所示,在表2中示出了CAT的基本结构:
表2
如表2所示,CAT可以包含对话标识符、用于指示是否对该对话标识符应用对话规则的参数(是或否)、以及实现给定规则所需的信息,诸如用于“始终移动”对话规则的目标文件夹,或用于“始终分类”对话规则的类别名称。CAT还提供用于指示给定对话规则保持有效的期满日期和时间。每当新的传入消息到达传入消息模块332并且对话标识模块334将该传入消息标识为对话线程的一部分时,对话管理器模块336就咨询CAT,然后,根据与对话线程相关联的各种对话规则,对传入消息执行后续消息处理操作。
对话管理器模块336操作用于创建“始终删除”对话规则以将传入消息自动地路由到“已删除项目”文件夹。“始终删除”对话规则是允许用户将到达对话的新项目自动地移动到“已删除项目”文件夹由此从“收件箱”文件夹中删去传入消息的超级用户特征。用户可以通过选择诸如用户界面条带上的用户界面按钮之类的用户界面元素来创建“始终删除”对话规则。
当用户选定诸如对话的消息之类的单个对话项目,将焦点对准该单个对话项目,并选择“始终删除”的用户界面按钮时,对话管理器模块336启动创建“始终删除”对话规则的操作。对话管理器模块336首先确定对话是否已经在适当的位置具有预先存在的“始终删除”对话规则。这可以通过检查对话项目的属性以确定父对话项目是否具有与它相关联的正在进行的动作来实现。此属性是当进行CAT处理时为消息设置的。对话管理器模块336生成诸如具有如表3所示的下列属性的对话框之类的用户界面视图:
表3
当用户点击[确定]时,该对话的当前文件夹中的所有单个消息都被移动到“已删除项目”文件夹。在CAT中为此对话使用其PR_CONVERSATION_ID(PR_对话_ID)创建一个条目——如果尚不存在的话。到达此对话并匹配PR_CONVERSATION_ID的新对话项目将自动地被移动到“已删除项目”文件夹。此逻辑服从在CAT中设置的期满原则集。
当多个对话项目具有焦点并且用户选定“始终删除”的用户界面按钮时,对话管理器模块336启动创建“始终删除”对话规则的操作。对话管理器模块336首先确定所选对话项目的当前文件夹是否是“已删除项目”文件夹。如果不是,则对话管理器模块336生成诸如具有如表4所示的下列属性的对话框之类的用户界面视图:
表4
当用户点击[确定]时,所选对话的当前文件夹中的所有个体消息都被移动到“已删除项目”文件夹。在CAT中使用PR_CONVERSATION_ID为每一个对话创建条目。到达这些对话并匹配PR_CONVERSATION_ID的新项目将自动地被移动到“已删除项目”文件夹。此逻辑服从在CAT中设置的期满原则集。
用户可以以许多不同的方式禁用对对话的正进行的“始终删除”动作。为了对一对话禁用“始终删除”对话规则,用户可以进入“已删除项目”文件夹。
当单个对话项目具有焦点并且当前服从“始终删除”对话规则,并且当前文件夹是“已删除项目”文件夹时,那么,条带用户界面将显示“禁用始终删除”用户界面按钮,以从对话线程中移除“始终删除”对话规则。选择用户界面按钮导致对话管理器模块336生成诸如具有如表5所示的下列属性的对话框之类的用户界面视图:
表5
当用户选定[确定]时,对话线程中的所有个体消息都移动到“收件箱”文件夹。对话管理器模块336从CAT中移除“始终删除”对话规则的相对应条目。
当多个对话项目在焦点上并且当前服从“始终删除”对话规则,并且当前文件夹是“已删除项目”文件夹时,那么,条带用户界面将显示“禁用始终删除”用户界面按钮,以从对话线程中删除“始终删除”对话规则。选择用户界面按钮导致对话管理器模块336生成诸如具有如表6所示的下列属性的对话框之类的用户界面视图:
表6
当用户选定[确定]时,所选对话的所有个体消息都移动到“收件箱”文件夹。对话管理器模块336从CAT中移除“始终删除”对话规则的相对应条目。
值得注意的是,当处于多选状态时,对话管理器模块336不选中每一对话的启用/禁用状态,因为这可能会影响电子邮件应用程序300的性能,诸如导致视图再现减速。为改善性能,对话管理器模块336不选中每一对话,而是将默认假设它们中的全部都具有与它相关联的正在进行的动作。可另选地,当性能不是问题时,当对于给定实现而言处于多选定状态时,对话管理器模块336可以选中每一对话的启用/禁用状态。
对话管理器模块336操作用于创建“始终移动”对话规则以将传入消息自动地路由到目标项目文件夹。“始终移动”对话规则是允许用户容易地将特定对话中的项目移动到他们选取的文件夹。它比创建普通规则的权重轻得多,并从“移动到文件夹”条带按钮被访问(access off)。
当单个对话项目具有焦点,并选取了目标文件夹时,条带用户界面将显示“始终移动”用户界面按钮,其用以启动用于生成“始终移动”对话规则的操作,以将消息移动到目标文件夹。选择用户界面按钮导致对话管理器模块336生成诸如具有如表7所示的下列属性的对话框之类的用户界面视图:
表7
当用户点击[确定]时,对话的当前文件夹中的所有个体消息都被移动到选取的文件夹。对话管理器模块336在CAT中为此对话使用其PR_CONVERSATION_ID创建一个新条目——如果尚不存在的话。对话管理器模块336进行评估,并将带有匹配的PR_CONVERSATION_ID的新对话项目自动地移动到目标文件夹。此逻辑服从在CAT中设置的期满原则集。
当多个对话项目具有焦点,并选取了目标文件夹时,条带用户界面将显示“始终移动”用户界面按钮,其用以启动用于生成“始终移动”对话规则的操作,以将多个对话的消息移动到目标文件夹。选择用户界面按钮导致对话管理器模块336生成诸如具有如表8所示的下列属性的对话框之类的用户界面视图:
表8
当用户点击[确定]时,所选对话的当前文件夹中的所有个体消息都被移动到选取的文件夹。对话管理器模块336在CAT中为这些对话使用它们的PR_CONVERSATION_ID创建一条目——如果尚不存在的话。如果PR_CONVERSATION_ID已经具有与它相关联的“始终移动”对话规则,则这重写该规则。它将还将期满时间重置为默认时间。到达此对话并匹配PR_CONVERSATION_ID的新项目将被自动地移动到选取的文件夹。此逻辑服从在CAT中设置的期满原则集。
对于“始终移动”对话规则,有一些例外情况。例如,如果用户选取“已删除项目”作为“始终移动”对话规则的目的文件夹,则它基本上与“始终删除”对话规则相同。当在“已删除项目”文件夹中选择对话时,“始终删除”按钮将切换到其“去激活”状态。
用户可以以许多不同的方式禁用“始终移动”对话规则。例如,当单个对话项目具有焦点时,对话管理器模块336可以确定对话项目当前是否服从预先存在的“始终移动”对话规则。这可以通过检查对话项目的属性以判断父对话项目是否具有与它相关联的正在进行的动作来实现。此属性是当进行CAT处理时为消息设置的。条带用户界面将显示“禁用始终移动”用户界面按钮,以从对话线程中删除“始终移动”对话规则。选择用户界面按钮导致对话管理器模块336生成诸如具有如表9所示的下列属性的对话框之类的用户界面视图:
表9
当用户点击[确定]时,对话管理器模块336停止正在进行的“始终移动”动作。对话管理器模块336从CAT中删除对话线程的条目。基于给定实现,可以任选地从对话项目的当前位置移动或不移动它们。
当多个对话项目具有焦点时,条带用户界面将显示“禁用始终移动”用户界面按钮,以从对话线程中删除“始终移动”对话规则。选择用户界面按钮导致对话管理器模块336生成诸如具有如表10所示的下列属性的对话框之类的用户界面视图:
表10
当用户点击[确定]时,对话管理器模块336对于具有与它们相关联的动作的所有对话,停止正在进行的“始终移动”动作。对话管理器模块336从CAT中删除对话线程的条目。基于给定实现,可以任选地从对话项目的当前位置移动或不移动它们。
对话管理器模块336操作用于创建“始终分类”对话规则以向传入消息自动地指派一类别。向对话项目指派类别自动地实现对整个对话线程的正在进行的分类。
当使用条带用户界面中的适当的“始终分类”用户界面按钮对单个对话项目指派类别时,所选类别被应用于该对话的所有文件夹中的全部项目。这是正在进行的动作,并自动地创建CAT条目。这是对对于任何单个消息而言可能存在的其他类别的加法。例如,假设一个对话线程具有消息1,2,3和4,其中,消息1具有类别A,消息3具有类别B,而所有1-4都位于“收件箱”文件夹中。如果用户选择该对话线程,并应用带有类别C的“始终分类”动作,结果是加法,如下所示:
消息1-类别A+C
消息2-类别C
消息3-类别B+C
消息4-类别C
可以参考图4-8更详细地描述始终分类对话项目的这些及其他概念。
图4示出了对话视图402,404的实施例。对话视图402,404表示通过对话线程来分组消息的对话视图。对话视图402,404示出了多个消息420,每一消息都具有类别指示符。在对话视图402中,每一消息420都具有空的类别指示符410,从而指示没有类别被指派给相对应的消息420。当选择多个对话项目,并且“始终分类”对话规则应用于包括那些对话的所有文件夹中的全部消息时,全部消息420都将被指派到选取的一个类别或多个类别,如由阴影的类别指示符412所指示的。
图5示出了对话视图502,504的实施例。对话视图502,504还表示通过对话线程来分组消息的对话视图。当对话管理器模块336作用于所选消息类型的消息420时,诸如例如“Randy Byrne(兰迪·伯恩)”的所有消息,对话管理器模块336将选取的类别只应用所选消息类型的消息420。如图5所示,对话视图504将选取的类别指派到所选消息420,如由阴影的类别指示符412所指示的。
图6示出了对话视图602,604的实施例。对话视图602,604还表示通过对话线程来分组消息的对话视图。对话视图602示出类别指示符410中的一些有阴影,从而指示已经向相对应的消息420指派了一类别。对话管理器模块336可以在当单个对话项目在焦点上时删除一类别。例如,当用户选择条带用户界面上的“清除所有类别”用户界面按钮时,对话管理器模块336删除所有文件夹中的所有消息的所有类别。这甚至在消息420具有多个指派的类别的情况下也是正确的,如由分成多个类别指示符410的单个类别指示符410所指示的。这通常不是正在进行的动作。对话管理器模块336从CAT中删除“始终类别”对话规则。
图7示出了对话视图702,704的实施例。对话视图702,704还表示通过对话线程来分组消息的对话视图。对话线程702示出类别指示符410中的一些有阴影,且进一步示出消息420中的一些具有多个指派的类别,如由每有一些消息420就有单个类别指示符410分隔成多个类别指示符410所指示的。对话管理器模块336可以在单个对话项目在焦点上时移除指派给对话项目的多个类别中的单个类别。例如,当用户选择条带用户界面上的“清除类别”用户界面按钮时,对话管理器模块336从所有文件夹中的所有消息仅移除所选取的类别。例如,对应“Michael Affronti(迈克尔·艾弗兰狄)”的被分配了两个类别的消息420被对话管理器模块336修改,以移除两个类别中的一个,如由多个类别指示符410变为单个类别指示符410所指示的。这通常不是正在进行的动作。对话管理器模块336从CAT中移除所选取类别的“始终分类”对话规则。当致动“清除类别”用户界面按钮时,每当多个对话项目在焦点上时,对话管理器模块336可以应用类似的逻辑。
图8示出了对话视图802,804的实施例。对话视图802,804还表示通过对话线程来分组消息的对话视图。对话线程802示出类别指示符410中的一些有阴影,且进一步示出消息420中的一些具有多个指派的类别,如由每有一些消息420就有单个类别指示符410分隔成多个类别指示符410所指示的。对话管理器模块336可以在单个对话项目在焦点上时移除指定给对话项目的多个类别中的单个类别。例如,当用户选择条带用户界面上的“清除类别”用户界面按钮时,对话管理器模块336从所有文件夹中的所有消息仅移除所选取的类别。例如,对应“Michael Affronti”的被分配了两个类别的消息420被对话管理器模块336修改,以移除两个类别中的一个,如由多个类别指示符410变为单个类别指示符410所指示的。此外,对话管理器模块336还可以被布置成对所选消息类型的消息420起作用,诸如,例如,“Michael Affronti”的所有消息。在此情况下,对话管理器模块336从同一消息类型的消息420仅移除所选取的一个或多个类别。
每当新的传入消息到达传入消息模块332并且对话标识模块334将该传入消息标识为对话线程的一部分时,对话管理器模块336确定对话规则是否与对话线程相关联,且如果关联,则将对话规则应用到传入消息。对话管理器模块336咨询CAT,并根据与对话线程相关联的各种对话规则来对传入消息执行后续消息处理操作。
作为示例,假设名为迈克尔(Michael)的用户愿意停留在当天期间的大量邮件的顶上。他具有将分发列表邮件移动到不同文件夹的规则,但是仍要努力跟踪他在收件箱中接收到的普通邮件。他的一个同事启动至他的团队分发列表的电子邮件线程,迈克尔在他的收件箱接收到了关于即将召开的大学篮球最后决赛的电子邮件线程。迈克尔对参与今年的比赛不感兴趣,并希望从他的收件箱中移除该线程。他选取“始终删除”动作,且整个线程被移动到他的“已删除项目”文件夹。随着他的同事继续谈论该线程,所有后续的回复都被悄悄地放到迈克尔的“已删除项目”,使他的收件箱没有该对话的干扰,同时不会迫使他制定一次性的规则,或从该(通常)重要的别名(alias)删除他自己。
在另一示例中,假设名为保罗(Paul)的用户是文件编档员,并不断地基于发送邮件的规划项目或人将邮件移动到不同文件夹。随着新的对话到达他的收件箱,保罗可以容易地对已经到达该文件夹的消息进行操作,并将它们移动到他愿意移动的地方。关于“Morandi(莫兰迪)”规划项目的特定对话弹出,并仍会活动,如此,保罗使用“始终移动”动作轻松地将该对话中的新项目在它们到达时转到“Morandi规划项目”文件夹。
在再一个示例中,假设名为玛丽(Mary)的用户在新消息到达时将它们分类。随着对于一个对话的后续回复到达,每当新的回复到达,玛丽就需要手动地对每一邮件分别进行分类。玛丽使用“始终分类”动作以识别新项目已经到达对话,并将第一消息的正确类别自动地应用到对话的其余部分。
除对于传入消息应用对话规则之外,对话管理器模块336也对存储的消息应用对话规则。消息数据库350为每一个对话线程存储多个消息。当对话管理器模块336为对话线程创建新对话规则时,对话管理器模块336对适当的对话线程的多个存储的消息应用该对话规则。
可以参考一个或多个逻辑流程进一步描述上文所描述的实施例的操作。可以理解,代表性的逻辑流程不一定必须按呈现的顺序执行,或按任何特定顺序执行,除非另有陈述。此外,参考逻辑流程所描述的各种活动可以串行地或并行地执行。逻辑流程可以根据给定一组设计和性能约束的需要,使用所描述的各实施例一个或多个硬件元素和/或软件元素,或替换的元素来实现。例如,逻辑流程可以实现为由逻辑设备(例如,通用或特定用途计算机)执行的逻辑(例如,计算机程序指令)。
图9示出了适于实施各实施例的逻辑流程900的一个实施例。逻辑流程900可以代表由此处所描述的一个或多个实施例执行的某些或全部操作。
在图9所示出的实施例中,逻辑流程900可以在框902接收传入消息。例如,传入消息模块332与操作系统128进行交互,以接收由网络接口220从网络118接收到的传入电子邮件消息。例如,传入消息模块332可以使用由操作系统128所提供的接口来配置导致操作系统128向传入消息模块332提供传入电子邮件消息的回调。当传入消息模块332接收传入电子邮件消息时,传入消息模块332可以对传入电子邮件消息执行一个或多个电子邮件处理操作。在传入消息模块332对传入电子邮件消息执行电子邮件处理操作之后,传入消息模块332可以向对话标识模块334提供传入电子邮件消息。
逻辑流程900可以在框904确定传入消息是对话线程的一部分。例如,对话标识模块334从传入消息模块332接收传入电子邮件消息,并尝试标识与传入电子邮件消息相关联的现有对话。如果对话标识模块334不能成功地标识与传入电子邮件消息相关联的现有对话,则对话标识模块334可以将传入电子邮件消息与新对话相关联。对话标识模块334可以利用任意数量个不同的算法和条件来显式地或隐式地确定消息是否是对话线程的一部分。在此上下文中,实施例不受限制。
逻辑流程900可以在框906将传入消息与对话线程相关联。例如,如果传入消息模块332将传入消息标识为现有对话线程的一部分,则对话标识模块334通过在传入消息的适当属性中向传入消息指派共同对话标识符,来将传入消息与对话线程相关联。然而,如果传入消息模块332不将传入消息标识为现有对话线程的一部分,则对话标识模块334就通过向传入电子邮件消息指派新的对话标识符,来将该传入电子邮件消息与新对话相关联。在对话标识模块334将传入电子邮件消息与现有对话相关联或将传入电子邮件消息与新对话相关联之后,对话标识模块334可以在消息数据库350中存储传入电子邮件消息,以及标识与该传入电子邮件消息相关联的对话的对话标识符。
逻辑流程900可以在框908确定对话规则与对话线程相关联。例如,对话管理器模块336搜索CAT,以确定对话规则是否与对话线程相关联。对话管理器模块336可以使用任意数量个不同的搜索条件,诸如例如对话标识符,来搜索CAT。
逻辑流程900可以在框910对传入消息应用对话规则。例如,当对话管理器模块336定位与对话线程相关联的对话规则时,对话管理器模块336对传入消息应用所定位的对话规则。对话管理器模块336对传入消息执行对话规则所定义的某些消息处理操作,如删除传入消息,移动传入消息,分类传入消息,将传入消息转发到另一个用户的另一个电子邮件应用程序300、回复传入消息、复制传入消息、或由给定电子邮件应用程序300使得可用的任何其他消息处理操作。对话管理器模块336也可以使用传入消息和相对应的对话规则来对于由在计算设备110、130上执行的消息数据库350或应用程序存储的其他消息致动或触发后续的操作。
图10示出了适于存储各实施例的逻辑的制品1000的示图。如图所示,制品1000可以包括用于存储逻辑1004的存储介质1002。存储介质1002的示例可包括能够存储电子数据的一种或多种类型的计算机可读存储介质,包括易失性存储器或非易失性存储器,可移动或不可移动存储器,可擦除或不可擦存储器,可写入或可重写的存储器等等。逻辑1004的示例可包括各种软件元素,如软件组件、程序、应用、计算机程序、应用程序、系统程序、机器程序、操作系统软件、中间件、固件、软件模块、例程、子例程、函数、方法、过程、软件接口、应用程序接口(API)、指令集、计算代码、计算机代码、代码段、计算机代码段、文字、值、符号,或其任何组合。
在一个实施例中,例如,制品1000和/或计算机可读存储介质1002可以存储包括可执行计算机程序指令的逻辑1004,当由计算机执行所述指令时,所述指令使计算机执行根据所描述的实施例的方法和/或操作。可执行的计算机程序指令可包括任何合适类型的代码,如源代码、已编译的代码、已解释的代码、可执行代码、静态代码、动态代码等等。可执行计算机程序指令可以根据预定义的计算机语言、方式或语法来实现,以便指令计算机来执行某一功能。指令可以使用任何合适的高级、低级、面向对象、可视、已编译和/或解释性编程语言,诸如C、C++、Java、BASIC、Perl、Matlab、Pascal、Visual BASIC、汇编语言,及其他语言来实现。
各实施例可以使用硬件元素、软件元素或两者的组合来实现。硬件元素的示例可包括如前面为逻辑设备提供的示例中的任何一个,并且还包括微处理器、电路、电路元件(例如,晶体管、电阻器、电容器、感应器等等)、集成电路、逻辑门、寄存器、半导体器件、芯片、微芯片、芯片集等等。软件元素的示例可包括软件组件、程序、应用、计算机程序、应用程序、系统程序、机器程序、操作系统软件、中间件、固件、软件模块、例程、子例程、函数、方法、过程、软件接口、应用程序接口(API)、指令集、计算代码、计算机代码、代码段、计算机代码段、文字、值、符号,或其任何组合。确定一个实施例是否使用硬件元素和/或软件元素来实现可以根据诸如根据给定实现所需的任意数量的因素而不同,诸如所希望的计算速率、功率水平、耐热性、处理周期预算、输入数据速率、输出数据速率、存储器资源、数据总线速度,及其他设计或性能约束。
可以使用表达“耦合”和“连接”以及它们的派生词来描述某些实施例。这些术语不一定作为彼此的同义词。例如,可以使用术语“连接”和/或“耦合”来描述某些实施例,以指示两个或更多元素彼此处于直接物理或电接触。然而,术语“耦合”也可以意味着,两个或更多彼此不直接接触,但是仍彼此协作或进行交互。
值得强调的是,提供了公开内容的“摘要”以符合37C.F.R.部分1.72(b)——其要求将可使读者快速地弄清本技术公开的特征的摘要。但应理解,它不能被用来解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。此外,在前面的“具体实施方式”中,可以看出,各种特点可以编组到一个实施例中,以便简化说明。本公开的此方法不应被解释为反映所要求保护的各实施例需要比每一个权利要求中明确地记载的特征更多的特征的意图。相反,如下面的权利要求所反映的,本发明的主题在于少于单个所公开的实施例的所有特征。如此,下面的权利要求被包括到“具体实施方式”,且每一个权利要求本身也作为单独的实施例。在所附权利要求书中,术语“包括(including)”和“其中(其中)”被分别用作相应的术语“包括(comprising)”和“其中(wherein)”的普通英语等效词。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等等只用作标记,并不旨在对它们的对象施加数值要求。
尽管用结构特征和/或方法动作专用的语言描述了本主题,但可以理解,所附权利要求书中定义的主题不必限于上述具体特征或动作。相反,上述具体特征和动作是作为实现权利要求的示例形式公开的。
Claims (15)
1.一种方法,包括:
接收(902)传入消息;
确定(904)所述传入消息是对话线程的一部分;
将所述传入消息与所述对话线程相关联(906);
确定(908)对话规则与所述对话线程相关联;以及
将所述对话规则应用于(910)所述传入消息。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,接收作为电子邮件消息、文本消息、短消息服务消息、多媒体消息服务器消息、语音消息或视频消息的所述传入消息。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,包括创建具有多个消息的所述对话线程。
4.如权利要求1-3中的任一项权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,包括为所述对话线程创建对话规则。
5.如权利要求1-4中的任一项权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,包括创建“始终删除”对话规则以将所述传入消息自动地路由到“已删除项目”文件夹。
6.如权利要求1-5中的任一项权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,包括创建“始终移动”对话规则以将所述传入消息自动地路由到目标项目文件夹。
7.如权利要求1-6中的任一项权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,包括创建“始终分类”对话规则以为所述传入消息自动地指派类别。
8.如权利要求1-7中的任一项权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,包括将所述对话线程的对话规则存储在对话动作表中。
9.如权利要求1-8中的任一项权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,包括通过向所述传入消息指派所述对话线程的对话标识符来将所述传入消息与所述对话线程相关联。
10.如权利要求1-9中的任一项权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,包括将所述对话规则应用于所述对话线程的任何所存储的消息。
11.一种包括其中包含指令的机器或计算机可读存储介质的制品,当指令被执行时使系统能实现如权利要求1到10中的任一项权利要求所述的方法。
12.一种装置,包括:
操作用于接收传入消息的传入消息模块(332);
通信地耦合到所述传入消息模块的对话标识模块(334),所述对话标识模块操作用于确定所述传入消息是对话线程的一部分,并通过将所述传入消息的对话标识符属性设置为所述对话线程的对话标识符来将所述传入消息与所述对话线程相关联;以及
通信地耦合到所述对话标识模块的对话管理器模块(336),所述对话管理器模块操作用于确定对话规则与所述对话线程相关联,并将所述对话规则应用于所述传入消息。
13.如权利要求12所述的装置,其特征在于,所述消息包括电子邮件消息、文本消息、短消息服务消息、多媒体消息服务器消息、语音消息或视频消息。
14.如权利要求12或13所述的装置,其特征在于,所述对话管理器模块操作用于为所述对话线程创建对话规则,所述对话规则包括用于将所述传入消息自动地路由到“已删除项目”文件夹的“始终删除”对话规则,用于将所述传入消息自动地路由到目标项目文件夹的“始终移动”对话规则,或用于为所述传入消息自动地指派类别的“始终分类”对话规则。
15.如权利要求12-14中的任一项权利要求所述的装置,其特征在于,包括通信地耦合到所述对话管理器模块的消息数据库(350),所述消息数据库操作用于为所述对话线程存储多个消息,所述对话管理器模块操作用于为所述对话线程创建对话规则,并将所述对话规则应用于所述对话线程的所述多个所存储的消息。
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EP2291820A4 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
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CA2725046C (en) | 2016-04-19 |
US20130159879A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
ZA201007810B (en) | 2012-02-29 |
MY172510A (en) | 2019-11-28 |
JP5480894B2 (ja) | 2014-04-23 |
AU2009271517B2 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
KR20110040777A (ko) | 2011-04-20 |
EP2291820A2 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
US9338114B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 |
AU2009271517A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
TWI479329B (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
WO2010008671A2 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
RU2523165C2 (ru) | 2014-07-20 |
US8402096B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
WO2010008671A3 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
RU2010152843A (ru) | 2012-06-27 |
TW201001178A (en) | 2010-01-01 |
JP2011525677A (ja) | 2011-09-22 |
MX2010014056A (es) | 2011-02-22 |
US20090319619A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
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