CN102063702A - Method for enhancing optical image - Google Patents

Method for enhancing optical image Download PDF

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CN102063702A
CN102063702A CN 201010542750 CN201010542750A CN102063702A CN 102063702 A CN102063702 A CN 102063702A CN 201010542750 CN201010542750 CN 201010542750 CN 201010542750 A CN201010542750 A CN 201010542750A CN 102063702 A CN102063702 A CN 102063702A
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吴阳霖
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Jiangsu Juxin integrated circuit technology Limited by Share Ltd
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WUXI INTMICRO CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for enhancing an optical image. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, inputting an image acquired in photoelectric navigation; 2, performing point-by-point scanning on the image, and acquiring a pixel value, namely pixel (a, b) of the current pixel point; 3, acquiring pixel values of adjacent pixel points at the top left corner, the bottom left corner, the top right corner and the bottom right corner of the current pixel point respectively; 4, solving relative difference values, namely difpix of the current pixel point and (2<n> + 2<m>) adjacent pixel points obtained in the step 3; 5, solving an absolute value of the relative difference value, namely the absolute value of difpix, comparing the absolute value with a set threshold, namely TH4, setting the pixel value of the current pixel point with a coordinate value of a (a, b) point to be the absolute value of difpix multiplying by M when the absolute value is larger than the threshold, namely the TH4, and setting the pixel value of the current pixel point with the coordinate value of the (a, b) point to be 0 when the absolute value is smaller than the threshold, namely the TH4; and 6, after performing the point-by-point scanning on the image, acquiring an enhanced contrast image. The method is easy to operate, good in enhancement effect and suitable for circuit realization, and enhancement efficiency is improved.

Description

The Enhancement Method of optical imagery
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method of pixel, especially a kind of Enhancement Method of optical imagery belongs to the technical field of electronic eyes pattern-recognition and optical navigation.
Background technology
At present, the Enhancement Method of optical imagery mainly adopts the extraction of one dimension direction, thereby can obtain a CONT enhanced features image.Specifically extracting mode as shown in Figure 1: on the one dimension direction of images acquired, collect corresponding pixel pix, and on the one dimension direction, gather adjacent two some pix1 and the pix2 of described pixel pix, judge whether need to strengthen this pixel by difference then, be whether pix_new=2*pix-(pix1+pix2) is greater than preset threshold, if just described unique point is strengthened during greater than preset threshold; The size of described threshold value is relevant with the contrast that image needs.By this extracting method, can access the characteristic image after a pair strengthens.But, because the influence of image sensor array neighbor is very big, the gray-scale value of often gathering respective pixel with around the gray-scale value of several pixels very approaching, so on the one dimension direction, adopt adjacent pixels point relatively not reach the contrast purpose, to the DeGrain of figure image intensifying.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Enhancement Method of optical imagery is provided, its method is simple to operate, strengthens effectively, improve to strengthen efficient, is fit to circuit and realizes.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the Enhancement Method of described optical imagery is characterized in that, the Enhancement Method of described image comprises the steps: 1, imports the image that obtains in the optical navigation; 2, above-mentioned image is carried out point by point scanning, obtain current pixel point pixel value pixel (a, b), wherein, a, b are respectively the horizontal ordinate and the ordinate values of current pixel point; 3, obtain the pixel value of the neighbor pixel in a current pixel point n upper left corner and n the lower left corner respectively, and obtain the pixel value of the neighbor pixel in a current pixel point m upper right corner and m the lower right corner respectively, described n and m are all more than or equal to 1; 4, the current pixel point of obtaining according to step 3 and (2 n+ 2 m) relative difference of individual neighbor pixel, described relative difference is:
difpix = ( 2 n + 2 m ) * pixel ( a , b ) - [ &Sigma; i = 1 n pixel ( a - i , b - i ) + &Sigma; j = 1 n pixel ( a + j , b + j ) + &Sigma; k = 1 m pixel ( a - k , b + k ) + &Sigma; l = 1 m pixel ( a + l , b - l ) ] ; Wherein, For current pixel point pixel (a, b) upper left corner n neighbor pixel and,
Figure BSA00000344191100014
For current pixel point pixel (a, b) lower right corner n neighbor pixel and,
Figure BSA00000344191100015
For current pixel point pixel (a, b) upper right corner m neighbor pixel and,
Figure BSA00000344191100016
For current pixel point pixel (a, b) lower left corner m neighbor pixel and; 5, ask the absolute value of described relative difference difpix | difpix|, and with described absolute value | difpix| compares with preset threshold TH4, when described absolute value | the size of difpix| is during greater than threshold value TH4, current pixel point is a feature pixel, with the current pixel point coordinate figure is (a, b) pixel value is changed to | difpix|*M, the multiple of described M for needing to strengthen; When described absolute value | the size of difpix| is during less than threshold TH4 value, and current pixel point is non-feature pixel, with the current pixel point coordinate figure be (a, pixel value b) is changed to 0; 6, to after the image point by point scanning, and each point of above-mentioned image carried out relative set, the contrast images after obtaining to strengthen.
When obtaining current pixel point and be positioned at edge of image, the pixel value in the n of a described current pixel point upper left corner, a n lower left corner, a m upper right corner or m the lower right corner is to obtain the pixel value of image averaging or the pixel value of neighbor pixel.
Advantage of the present invention: on the two-dimensional directional of image, take a plurality of diagonal angles adjacent pixels value of current pixel point to compare, avoided on image one dimension direction the neighbor pixel gray-scale value close, influence the enhancing of pixel; Method is simple to operate, strengthens effectively, improve to strengthen efficient, is fit to circuit and realizes.
Description of drawings
The synoptic diagram that Fig. 1 strengthens for existing optical imagery.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the extraction process flow diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with concrete drawings and Examples.
In order to strengthen the contrast of image, the characteristic information of outstanding image, to make things convenient for the coupling degree of accuracy in the mode identification procedure, avoided adopting the defective that adopts the consecutive point contrast on the image one dimension direction simultaneously, the present invention adopts the respective pixel point upper left corner, the lower left corner, the upper right corner and lower right corner symmetry adjacent pixels to put reference as a comparison, more can embody the brightness of respective pixel point local environment in image, accurately strengthen the contrast of image.
In order to strengthen the contrast of image, obtain the improved image normalization after respective image contrasts, need extract the unique point in the image, and the brightness of individual features point is strengthened, thus the contrast images that meets with a response.Described extracting method can be realized as follows:
1, the image that obtains in the input optical navigation, the described image that obtains is the image with certain length and width, comprise some pixels in the described image, the pixel value difference of each pixel, need to strengthen the brightness of respective point in the image, reduce the brightness of background in the image, thereby obtain the big contrast images of a secondary brightness, be convenient to the coupling degree of accuracy in mode identification procedure;
2, above-mentioned image is carried out point by point scanning, obtain current pixel point pixel value pixel (a, b), wherein, a, b are respectively the horizontal ordinate and the ordinate values of current pixel point;
3, obtain the pixel value of the neighbor pixel in a current pixel point n upper left corner and n the lower left corner respectively, and obtain the pixel value of the neighbor pixel in a current pixel point m upper right corner and m the lower right corner respectively, described n and m are all more than or equal to 1; When m=n=1, just adopt each pixel of the current pixel point upper left corner, the lower left corner, the upper right corner and the lower right corner as a comparison; When m and n got other values, the brightness contrast of other neighbor pixels in current pixel point and the image more can embody the brightness value of current pixel point in image, had improved the degree of accuracy of current pixel point contrast;
D, the current pixel point of obtaining according to step 3 and (2 n+ 2 m) relative difference of individual neighbor pixel, subtracting each other the mode of asking contrast according to image pixel, described relative difference is:
difpix = ( 2 n + 2 m ) * pixel ( a , b ) - [ &Sigma; i = 1 n pixel ( a - i , b - i ) + &Sigma; j = 1 n pixel ( a + j , b + j ) + &Sigma; k = 1 m pixel ( a - k , b + k ) + &Sigma; l = 1 m pixel ( a + l , b - l ) ] ; Wherein,
Figure BSA00000344191100033
For current pixel point pixel (a, b) upper left corner n neighbor pixel and,
Figure BSA00000344191100034
For current pixel point pixel (a, b) lower right corner n neighbor pixel and,
Figure BSA00000344191100035
For current pixel point pixel (a, b) upper left corner m neighbor pixel and,
Figure BSA00000344191100036
For current pixel point pixel (a, b) lower left corner m neighbor pixel and;
5, ask the absolute value of described relative difference difpix | difpix|, and with described absolute value | difpix| compares with preset threshold TH4, when described absolute value | the size of difpix| is during greater than threshold value TH4, current pixel point is a feature pixel, with the current pixel point coordinate figure is (a, b) pixel value is changed to | difpix|*M, the multiple of described M for needing to strengthen; When described absolute value | the size of difpix| is during less than threshold value TH4, and current pixel point is non-feature pixel, with the current pixel point coordinate figure be (a, pixel value b) is changed to 0; Described threshold value TH4 and intensification factor M all carry out corresponding setting according to the needs of picture contrast.In to the image that obtains, each pixel all adopts above-mentioned extraction and enhancing, just can access the contrast images after a pair strengthens, and has improved the coupling degree of accuracy in the mode identification procedure;
6,, determine unique point and non-unique point in the image, and described unique point and non-unique point are carried out corresponding setting, the contrast images after being enhanced to after each point by point scanning in the image.
When current pixel point is positioned at edge of image, can calculate the average pixel value that obtains image in advance, when the described pixel upper left corner, the lower left corner, the upper right corner or the lower right corner do not have corresponding pixel value, the pixel value in the corresponding upper left corner, the lower left corner, the upper right corner or the lower right corner just is changed to the average pixel value of image, also can adopt the pixel value of image border neighbor pixel to fill the pixel value in the corresponding upper left corner, the lower left corner, the upper right corner or the lower right corner, make the pixel that obtains the image border also can finish above-mentioned comparison process, improve the contrast of image border.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 2 and 3: following with n=1, m=1 is an example, and the process of the Enhancement Method of extraction of the present invention and image is described;
1, import the image that obtains, the size of described image is TH1 * TH2;
2, above-mentioned image is carried out point by point scanning, obtain current pixel point pixel value pixel (pixRow, pixCol), wherein, pixRow, pixCol are respectively the horizontal ordinate and the ordinate values of current pixel point; In order to obtain corresponding contrast images, need initialization corresponding line train value, make that image all can extract each pixel and processing accordingly to obtaining; Wherein, pixCol represents train value, and pixRow represents the row value;
3, obtain the pixel value of the neighbor pixel in 1 upper left corner of current pixel point and 1 lower left corner respectively, and obtain the pixel value of the neighbor pixel in 1 upper right corner of current pixel point and 1 lower right corner respectively;
4, the current pixel point of obtaining according to step 3 and the relative difference of 4 neighbor pixels, the computation process of described relative difference is
Difpix=-((pixel4-pixel)-(pixel-pixel1)+(pixel3-pixel)-(pixel-pixel2)), i.e. difpix=4*pixel-(pixel1+pixel2+pixel3+pixel4).Described calculating thought is basic processing mode in the Flame Image Process, and promptly image pixel subtracts each other and asks contrast.Because a pixel is all got in the upper left corner, the lower left corner, the upper right corner and the lower right corner of current pixel point, thus pixel1 be the current pixel point upper left corner pixel value and, the pixel value of pixel1 be pixel (pixRow-1, pixCol-1); Pixel4 be the current pixel point lower right corner pixel value and, the pixel value of pixel4 be pixel (pixRow+1, pixCol+1); Pixel3 be the current pixel point lower left corner pixel value and, the pixel value of pixel3 be pixel (pixRow+1, pixCol-1); Pixel2 be the current pixel point upper right corner pixel value and, the pixel value of pixel2 be pixel (pixRow-1, pixCol+1); When a plurality of upper left corners of getting current pixel point, the lower left corner, the upper right corner and lower right corner value, can obtain corresponding relative difference according to this
5, ask the absolute value of described relative difference difpix | difpix|, and with described absolute value | difpix| compares with preset threshold TH4, when described absolute value | the size of difpix| is during greater than threshold value TH4, confirm that current pixel point is the unique point of image, with the current pixel point coordinate figure is (pixRow, pixCol) pixel value is changed to | difpix|*M, the multiple of described M for needing to strengthen; When described absolute value | the size of difpix| is during less than threshold value TH4, and current pixel point is not the unique point of image, with the current pixel point coordinate figure be (pixRow, pixel value pixCol) is changed to 0; With size is the value order of TH1 * TH2 image according to corresponding ranks, successively to corresponding pixel contrast, search corresponding unique point and non-unique point, and the pixel value of unique point and non-unique point handled accordingly, can access required contrast images, described contrast images has been given prominence to the characteristic information of image;
6,, determine unique point and non-unique point in the image, and described unique point and non-unique point are carried out corresponding setting, the contrast images after being enhanced to after each point by point scanning in the image.
The present invention takes a plurality of diagonal angles adjacent pixels value of current pixel point to compare on the two-dimensional directional of image, has avoided on image one dimension direction the neighbor pixel gray-scale value close, influences the enhancing of pixel; Method is simple to operate, strengthens effectively, improve to strengthen efficient, is fit to circuit and realizes.

Claims (2)

1. the Enhancement Method of an optical imagery is characterized in that, the Enhancement Method of described image comprises the steps:
(1), the image that obtains in the input optical navigation;
(2), above-mentioned image is carried out point by point scanning, obtain current pixel point pixel value pixel (a, b), wherein, a, b are respectively the horizontal ordinate and the ordinate values of current pixel point;
(3), respectively obtain the pixel value of the neighbor pixel in a current pixel point n upper left corner and n the lower left corner, and obtain the pixel value of the neighbor pixel in a current pixel point m upper right corner and m the lower right corner respectively, described n and m are all more than or equal to 1;
(4), the current pixel point of obtaining according to step (3) and (2 n+ 2 m) relative difference of individual neighbor pixel, described relative difference is:
difpix = ( 2 n + 2 m ) * pixel ( a , b ) - [ &Sigma; i = 1 n pixel ( a - i , b - i ) + &Sigma; j = 1 n pixel ( a + j , b + j ) + &Sigma; k = 1 m pixel ( a - k , b + k ) + &Sigma; l = 1 m pixel ( a + l , b - l ) ] ; Wherein, For current pixel point pixel (a, b) upper left corner n neighbor pixel and, For current pixel point pixel (a, b) lower right corner n neighbor pixel and, For current pixel point pixel (a, b) upper right corner m neighbor pixel and,
Figure FSA00000344191000016
For current pixel point pixel (a, b) lower left corner m neighbor pixel and;
(5), ask the absolute value of described relative difference difpix | difpix|, and with described absolute value | difpix| compares with preset threshold TH4, when described absolute value | the size of difpix| is during greater than threshold value TH4, current pixel point is a feature pixel, with the current pixel point coordinate figure is (a, b) pixel value is changed to | difpix|*M, the multiple of described M for needing to strengthen; When described absolute value | the size of difpix| is during less than threshold value TH4, and current pixel point is non-feature pixel, with the current pixel point coordinate figure be (a, pixel value b) is changed to 0;
(6), to after the image point by point scanning, and each point of above-mentioned image carried out relative set, the contrast images after obtaining to strengthen.
2. according to the Enhancement Method of the described optical imagery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: when obtaining current pixel point and be positioned at edge of image, the pixel value in the n of a described current pixel point upper left corner, a n lower left corner, a m upper right corner or m the lower right corner is to obtain the pixel value of image averaging or the pixel value of neighbor pixel.
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CN104616264A (en) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-13 厦门大学 Automatic contrast enhancement method of gene chip image
CN106205437A (en) * 2015-05-05 2016-12-07 联想(北京)有限公司 A kind of dead pixel detection method, electronic equipment and device

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103886556A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-06-25 江苏钜芯集成电路技术有限公司 Abnormal handling method of photoelectric navigation system
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CN104616264A (en) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-13 厦门大学 Automatic contrast enhancement method of gene chip image
CN104616264B (en) * 2015-02-12 2017-12-19 厦门大学 The automatic contrast enhancement method of gene-chip Image
CN106205437A (en) * 2015-05-05 2016-12-07 联想(北京)有限公司 A kind of dead pixel detection method, electronic equipment and device

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