CN102047242B - 内容管理 - Google Patents

内容管理 Download PDF

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CN102047242B
CN102047242B CN200980119993.1A CN200980119993A CN102047242B CN 102047242 B CN102047242 B CN 102047242B CN 200980119993 A CN200980119993 A CN 200980119993A CN 102047242 B CN102047242 B CN 102047242B
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content
computing device
client computing
resource
service provider
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CN102047242A (zh
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斯瓦米纳坦·斯瓦苏布拉马尼恩
大卫·R·理查森
布拉德利·E·马歇尔
克里斯托弗·L·斯科菲尔德
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Amazon Technologies Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/955—Retrieval from the web using information identifiers, e.g. uniform resource locators [URL]
    • G06F16/9566—URL specific, e.g. using aliases, detecting broken or misspelled links
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/06—Protocols specially adapted for file transfer, e.g. file transfer protocol [FTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
    • H04L67/30—Profiles
    • H04L67/306—User profiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/535—Tracking the activity of the user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/55—Push-based network services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H04L67/5681—Pre-fetching or pre-delivering data based on network characteristics

Abstract

提供了一种管理和处理资源请求的系统和方法。内容传递网络服务提供商确定与客户计算设备集合相关联的类别并监控所确定的类别的资源请求。然后内容传递网络服务提供商根据所确定的类别来识别用于向客户计算设备提供内容的至少一个高速缓存组件。在其他实施例中，内容传递网络服务提供商代替高速缓存组件来根据所确定的类别识别用于提供内容信息的第二客户计算设备集合。

Description

内容管理
背景技术
一般而言，可以利用计算设备和通信网络来交换信息。在通常应用中，计算设备可以经由通信网络向另一计算设备请求内容。例如，个人计算设备处的用户可以利用软件浏览器应用经由互联网向服务器计算设备请求网页。在这种情况下，用户计算设备可以称作客户计算设备，服务器计算设备可以称作内容提供商。
通常，考虑到向客户计算设备有效地发送所请求的内容和/或考虑到与内容的发送相关联的成本，一般激发内容提供商将所请求的内容提供给客户计算设备。对于大规模的实现，内容提供商可以从大量的客户计算设备接收内容请求，大量的客户计算设备可以使内容提供商的计算资源紧张。另外，客户计算设备所请求的内容可以具有多个组成部分，这些组成部分可以进一步使内容提供商的计算资源紧张。
参考示例，所请求的网页或初始内容可以与将用网页来显示的多个附加资源(如，图像或视频)相关联。在一个具体实施例中，网页的附加资源由多个嵌入式资源标识符(如，统一资源定位符“URL”)来标识。客户计算设备上的软件典型地处理嵌入式资源标识符以产生对内容的请求。通常，与嵌入式资源相关的资源标识符引用与内容提供商相关联的计算设备，使得客户计算设备向所引用的内容提供商计算设备发送对附加资源的请求。因此，为满足内容请求，内容提供商将提供与网页相关联的客户计算设备数据以及与嵌入式资源相关联的数据。
一些内容提供商尝试通过使用内容传递网络(“CDN”)服务提供商来便于传送对所请求的内容(如，网页和/或在网页中标识的资源)。CDN服务器提供商典型地在通信网络中维持多个计算设备，通信网络可以维持来自不同内容提供商的内容。内容提供商可以命令或者建议客户计算设备向CDN服务提供商的计算设备请求内容提供商的内容的一些或者全部。
关于内容提供商，通常考虑到向客户计算设备有效地发送所请求的内容和/或考虑到与内容的发送相关联的成本，一般还激发CDN提供商向客户计算设备提供所请求的内容。因此，CDN服务提供商常常考虑例诸如传递所请求内容的等待时间等因素，以便满足服务水平协定或一般地提高传递服务的质量。
附图说明
参考以下的详细说明并结合附图，本发明的上述方面和许多伴随的优点将变得更容易理解，在附图中：
图1是示出了包括多个客户计算设备、内容提供商和内容传递网络服务提供商的内容传递环境的框图；
图2是图1的内容传递环境的框图，示出了从客户计算设备到内容提供商的内容请求的产生和处理；
图3是图1的内容传递环境的框图，示出了从客户计算设备到内容传递网络服务提供商的与嵌入式资源相对应的DNS查询的产生和处理；
图4是图1的内容传递环境的框图，示出了从客户计算设备到内容传递网络服务提供商的嵌入式资源的产生和处理；
图5是图1的内容传递环境的框图，示出了由资源高速缓存组件收集的相关类别信息的处理和管理；
图6是图1的内容传递环境的框图，示出了由资源高速缓存组件收集的相关类别信息的处理和管理的另一实施例。
图7是图1的内容传递环境的框图，示出了由资源高速缓存组件收集的相关类别信息的处理和管理的又一实施例。
图8是示出了由内容传递网络服务提供商执行以监控来自客户计算设备的资源请求的内容监控例程的流程图；
图9是示出了由内容传递网络服务提供商执行以管理用于传递至一类客户计算设备的内容的内容处理例程的流程图。
具体实施方式
一般而言，本公开涉及对于从客户计算设备向内容传递网络(“CDN”)服务提供商作出的资源请求的管理和处理。具体地，将关于以下内容来描述本公开的不同方面：监控来自客户计算设备群的资源请求，以及基于所监控的该群的资源请求来管理用于传递给一个或多个客户计算设备的内容。本公开的其他方面涉及：基于该监控的资源请求，来监控与跟客户计算设备相关联的类别相对应的资源请求。尽管通过示例和实施例来描述本公开的不同方面，但本领域技术人员将应该理解所公开的实施例和示例不应被理解为是限制性的。
图1示出了用于管理和处理内容请求的内容传递环境100的框图。如图1所示，内容传递环境100包括用于向内容提供商和/或CDN服务提供商请求内容的多个客户计算设备102(通常称作客户端)。在说明性实施例中，客户计算设备102可以对应于多种计算设备，包括个人计算设备、膝上型计算设备、手持计算设备、终端计算设备、移动设备、无线设备、多种电子设备和装置等等。在说明性实施例中，客户计算设备102包括用于在诸如广域网或局域网等通信网络108上建立通信的必要硬件和软件组件。例如，客户计算设备102可以配备有便于经由互联网或内联网来通信的连网装置和浏览器软件应用。
尽管图1中没有示出，每个客户计算设备102使用某种类型的本地DNS解析器组件，如，DNS名称服务器，该本地DNS解析器组件产生属于客户计算设备的DNS查询。在一个实施例中，本地DNS解析器组件可以由客户计算设备102所属的企业网来提供。在另一实施例中，本地DNS解析器组件可以由互联网服务提供商(ISP)来提供，互联网服务提供商(ISP)向客户计算设备102提供网络连接。
内容传递环境100还可以包括内容提供商104，内容提供商104经由通信网络108与一个或多个客户计算设备102通信。图1所示的内容提供商104与跟内容提供商相关联的一个或多个计算设备的逻辑关联性相对应。具体地，内容提供商104可以包括web服务器组件110，web服务器组件110与用于获得和处理来自客户计算设备102的对内容(如，网页)的请求的一个或多个服务器计算设备相对应。内容提供商104还可以包括原始服务器组件112和关联的存储组件114，原始服务器组件112和关联的存储组件114与用于获得和处理来自CDN服务提供商的对网络资源的请求的一个或多个计算设备相对应。相关领域技术人员应理解，内容提供商104可以与多种附加计算资源相关联，如，用于管理内容和资源的附加计算设备、DNS名称服务器等等。例如，尽管图1中未示出，然而内容提供商104可以与一个或多个DNS名称服务器组件相关联，所述一个或多个DNS名称服务器之间将有权解析与内容提供商的域相对应的客户计算设备DNS查询。
继续参考图1，内容传递环境100还可以包括CDN服务提供商106，CDN服务提供商106经由通信网络108与一个或多个客户计算设备102和内容提供商104通信。图1所示的CDN服务提供商106与跟CDN服务提供商相关联的一个或多个计算设备的逻辑关联性相对应。具体地，CDN服务提供商106可以包括与通信网络108上的节点相对应的多个存在点(“POP”)位置116、122、128。每个POP 116、122、128包括DNS组件118、124、130，DNS组件118、124、130由用于对来自客户计算机102的DNS查询进行解析的多个DNS服务器计算设备构成。每个POP 116、122、128还包括资源高速缓存组件120、126、132，资源高速缓存组件120、126、132由用于存储来自内容提供商的资源并将所请求的不同资源发送至不同客户计算机的多个高速缓存服务器计算设备构成。DNS组件118、124、130和资源高速缓存组件120、126、132还可以包括便于通信的附加软件和/或硬件组件，包括但不限于负载平衡或负载共享软件/硬件组件。
在说明性实施例中，认为DNS组件118、124、130和资源高速缓存组件120、126、132是被逻辑分组的，而不管组件或组件的部分是否是物理分离的。此外，尽管POP 116、122、128在图1中被示为逻辑地与CDN提供商106相关联，然而POP以最适合客户计算设备102的各种人口统计特征的方式，在地理上遍及通信网络108而分布。此外，相关领域技术人员应理解，CDN服务提供商106可以与多种附加计算资源相关联，如，附加内容提供商134、用于管理内容和资源的附加计算设备等。
相关领域技术人员应理解，图1中提供的组件和配置本质上是说明性的。因此，可以使用附加的或备选的组件和/或配置，尤其是与用于促进通信的附加组件、系统和子系统有关的组件和/或配置。
现在参考图2至4，将示出图1的内容传递环境100的不同组件之间的交互。然而，为示例的目的，图已经被简化，使得许多用于便于通信的组件并没有被示出。相关领域技术人员应理解，可以使用这种组件，相应地在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，将发生另外的交互。
参考图2，客户计算设备102产生由内容提供商104(如经由web服务器110)来接收和处理的内容请求。根据说明性实施例，对内容的请求可以根据公共网络协议，例如超文本传送协议(“HTTP”)。当接收到内容请求时，内容提供商104标识合适的响应内容。在说明性实施例中，所请求的内容可以与经由信息处理(例如超文本置标语言(“HTML”)、可扩展置标语言(“XML”)等等)显示在客户计算设备102上的网页相对应。所请求的内容还可以包括多个嵌入式资源标识符，所述嵌入式资源标识符与应该作为所请求内容的处理的一部分由客户计算设备102获得的资源对象相对应。嵌入式资源标识符通常可以称作资源标识符或资源URL。
在一个实施例中，资源URL标识CDN服务提供商106的域(例如“cdnprovider.com”)、要请求的资源的相同名称(例如“resource.xxx”)以及在其中将找到资源的相同路径(例如“path”)。另外，资源URL可以包括附加处理信息(例如“additional information”)。资源URL可以具有以下形式：
http://additional_information.cdnprovider.com/path/resources.xxx
在另一实施例中，与CDN服务提供商106相关联的信息包括在修资源URL中(例如通过预先计划或其他技术)，使得资源URL可以保留与先前与内容提供商104相关联的URL有关的所有信息。在该实施例中，资源URL可以具有以下形式：
http://additional_information.cdnprovider.com/www.contentprovider. com/path/resource.xxx
当接收到所请求的内容时，客户计算设备102例如通过浏览器软件应用开始处理包括在内容中的任何置标码并尝试获取由嵌入式资源标识符标识的资源。因此，获取内容的第一步骤对应于客户计算设备102(通过其本地DNS解析器)发起针对资源URL资源标识符的DNS查询，这使得识别出对于变换后的URL的“.”和“com”部分而言是有权威的DNS服务器。在解析嵌入式URL的“.”和“com”部分之后，然后客户计算设备102发起对资源URL的DNS查询，这使得识别出对嵌入式URL的“.cdnprovider”部分而言是有权威的DNS服务器。与URL的“.”和“com”部分相对应的DNS查询的发起是公知的并且没有示出。
现在参考图3，在说明性实施例中，资源URL的“cdnprovider”部分的成功解析标识了与CDN服务提供商106相关联的DNS服务器的网络地址(如，IP地址)。在一个实施例中，IP地址是对POP的DNS服务器组件而言唯一的特定网络地址。在另一实施例中，IP地址可以被一个或多个POP共享。在该实施例中，提供给共享的IP地址的另外的DNS查询使用一到多网络路由方案(如，任播)，使得特定的POP将根据网络拓扑来接收请求。例如，在任播实现中，客户计算设备102向共享IP地址发起的DNS查询将到达逻辑上与客户计算设备具有最短网络拓扑距离(常常称作网络跃距)的DNS服务器组件。网络拓扑距离不必须与地理距离相对应。然而，在一些实施例中，可以推断网络拓扑距离是客户计算设备102与POP之间的最短网络距离。相关领域技术人员应理解的是，有多种方法可以确定网络拓扑距离。
继续参考图3，在上述任一实施例(或任何其他实施例)中，POP116的DNS组件118中的特定DNS服务器从客户计算设备102接收与原始URL相对应的DNS查询。一旦DNS组件118中的DNS服务器之一接收到请求，特定的DNS服务器就尝试解析请求。在如图3所示的一个说明性实施例中，特定的DNS服务器通过标识将处理对所请求资源的请求的资源高速缓存组件的IP地址，来解析DNS查询。当选择资源高速缓存组件120、126、132时，DNS服务器组件118提供与资源高速缓存组件相关联的高速缓存服务器计算设备、资源高速缓存组件或负载平衡器/负载共享设备的IP地址。
现在参考图4，然后客户计算设备102可以利用互联网通信协议来向由IP地址标识的资源高速缓存组件请求资源。如将在以下更详细地描述的，然后资源高速缓存组件处理请求，并将资源提供给客户计算设备102。当接收时，所请求的资源由客户计算设备102上的浏览器应用来适当地处理。相关领域技术人员应理解的是，所选择的资源高速缓存组件120、126、132可以像上述的那样在所请求资源是可用时提供所请求资源，或尝试从另一源(例如内容提供商104的对等高速缓存服务器计算设备或原始服务器112)获取所请求资源。
继续参考图4，连同处理资源请求一起，资源高速缓存组件确定与发请求的客户计算设备相关联的类别。在一个实施例中，资源高速缓存组件利用从客户请求接收到的信息来确定类别。可以直接地(例如由客户计算设备或ISP提供的信息)或间接地(如通过客户计算设备的IP地址推断出的信息)从客户确定类别。因此，资源高速缓存组件可以使用附加信息(例如发请求的客户计算设备所在的时区)来确定类别。资源高速缓存组件将类别信息与所请求内容相关联并维持相关联的类别信息(例如在日志文件中)以与CDN服务提供商106共享。在说明性实施例中，可以基于预定类别定义来统计地确定类别，使得可以在接收资源请求时进行类别的关联。例如，可以在请求处理时得知地理位置。在另一实施例中，在请求处理时，类别的确定可以是动态的并且可以不被确定(或是可确定的)。例如，在完成所观测数据的观测窗处理之前，可以不确定基于时间窗上的行为观测的行为类别。
在一个说明性实施例中，类别可以与客户计算设备所属的特定地理区域相对应。附加地或备选地，类别可以与时间域(例如时区、营业时间、白天/夜间、假期等等)相对应。在另一实施例中，类别可以与跟所请求内容或用户或两者相关联的具体主题范围(例如新闻组)相对应。此外类别可以与人口数据相对应。根据将要从发请求的客户计算设备收集的信息，资源高速缓存组件可以以相关领域技术人员将理解的多种方式来确定和维持该信息。此外，相关领域技术人员还应理解的是，在接收资源请求的POP处的一个或多个计算设备可以执行任何上述功能。
现在参考图5，将描述CDN服务提供商106如何处理和管理由资源高速缓存组件132收集的关联的类别信息的说明性实施例。资源高速缓存组件132将在POP128收集的关联的类别信息提供给CDN服务提供商106。然后CDN服务提供商以多种方式处理关联的类别信息。在一个实施例中，CDN服务提供商可以基于关联的类别信息来识别用于提供给CDN的计算设备的内容信息。基于在资源高速缓存组件132收集的关联的类别信息，所识别的内容信息可以包括被频繁请求的内容的列表。备选地，所识别的内容信息可以包括：被频繁请求的内容本身；以及与被频繁请求的内容(例如网络性能度量、内容提供商服务水平协定等等)和/或其他对应内容(例如，相应文献、广告等，如以下将相对于图7来进行更详细的描述的)相关联的附加信息。
除了识别内容信息外，CDN服务提供商106还可以识别用于提供该内容信息的特定高速缓存组件120。特定高速缓存组件的识别也可以基于在资源高速缓存组件132收集的关联的类别信息。例如，当类别与时区相对应时，CDN服务提供商可以识别有权为具有不同时区的客户计算设备服务的资源高速缓存组件120。在另一实施例中，CDN服务提供商可以简单地将所识别的内容信息发送给CDN服务提供商的所有资源高速缓存组件或资源高速缓存组件的子集，并且允许高速缓存组件确定如何管理所识别的内容信息。
继续参考图5，根据本说明性实施例，一旦关联的类别信息被CDN服务提供商处理，就将所识别的内容信息提供给所选择的资源高速缓存组件120，所选择的资源高速缓存组件120管理由CDN服务提供商106提供的所识别的内容信息。在一个实施例中，高速缓存组件120通过从存储位置获取内容来管理所识别的内容信息，以期待在高速缓存组件120处的对所识别内容的后续内容请求。在另一实施例中，高速缓存组件120可以将所识别的内容从磁盘存储器移至高速缓存组件120的存储器。在另一实施例中，高速缓存组件120可以改变与高速缓存组件120的存储器中的所识别的内容相关联的满期时间，以便确保当客户计算设备稍后请求该内容时该内容仍然可用。在又一实施例中，高速缓存组件120可以简单地验证高速缓存组件处的所识别的内容的可用性。
相关领域技术人员应理解的是，在本公开的精神和范围内，可以使用任何多种方法学和算法来处理和管理关联的类别信息。为更进一步地示例的目的将提供以下具体示例。
在一个实施例中，类别信息与针对具有第一时区的区域中的客户计算设备集合而监控的内容请求相对应，CDN服务提供商处理类别信息以识别第一时区中被频繁请求的资源的集合。然后CDN服务提供商在有权为不同时区内的客户计算设备服务的高速缓存组件处，预加载与所识别的频繁请求资源集合相关联的内容。因此，CDN服务提供商能够在此后以较低的传递等待时间提供这种预加载的内容。相关领域技术人员还应理解的是，对于有权为处于不同时区中的客户计算设备集合服务的高速缓存组件可以基于可应用于单独高速缓存组件的处理约束，在任何合适的时间预加载内容。另外，相关领域技术人员还应理解的是，可以在高速缓存组件处完全或部分地预加载内容。
在另一说明性实施例中，CDN服务提供商处理关联的类别信息以识别被频繁请求的资源的列表并将该列表提供给资源高速缓存组件集合。然后每个资源高速缓存组件可以单独地确定是否预加载一个或多个被频繁请求的资源。
在又一说明性实施例中，内容信息是由第一客户计算设备群所做的资源请求而得出的内容列表，已经将内容列表提供给用于为第二客户计算设备群服务的高速资源组件，CDN服务提供商可以监控第二群中的客户计算设备后续是否向列表请求内容。然后CDN服务提供商可以基于后续学习到的第二群的行为来确定是否应该对由第一群向第二群推荐的内容列表做出修改。相关领域技术人员应理解的是可用执行多种逻辑来监控这种行为并基于该行为来更新推荐。
在另一说明性实施例中，CDN服务提供商监控来自第一客户计算设备群的资源请求并识别与这些资源请求相对应的内容集合。然后CDN服务提供商可以在有权为第二客户计算设备群服务的资源高速缓存组件处管理所识别的内容集合。如上述的集合，有多种方式可以管理所识别的内容集合，例如在资源高速缓存组件处预加载内容、验证内容的可用性、管理与存储器中的内容有关的高速缓存控制信息(例如改变满期数据或操作满期变量)等等。相关领域技术人员还应理解的是第一群和第二群可以是相同的或不同的。
在另一实施例中，CDN服务提供商监控与计算设备的类别相关联的资源请求并将所请求的资源与类别相关联。在一个实施例中，然后CDN服务提供商根据类别在CDN的资源高速缓存组件处预加载内容。该功能可以包含匹配确定，在匹配确定中CDN服务提供商将客户计算设备的类别与跟资源相关联的类别相匹配。例如，CDN提供商可以基于之前的请求将有关类别的主题(例如篮球比分)与已经与想同类别相关联的资源相匹配。备选地，功能可以包含相关确定，在相关确定中CDN服务提供商将客户计算设备的类别与跟资源相关联的不同的类别相关。例如，CDN服务提供商可以将第一地理类别(例如纽约市)与另一地理类别(例如旧金山)相关。在说明性实施例中，可以(例如由管理员)通过手动操作或基于观测到的行为来促进匹配或相关的确定。
现在参考图6，现在将描述针对CDN服务提供商106如何处理和管理由资源高速缓存组件132收集的关联的类别信息的备选实施例。该实施例与上面的参考图5所描述的实施例实质上相同，区别是不识别用于发送所识别的内容信息的特定资源高速缓存组件，而是识别客户计算设备。另外，上面的实施例中由所识别的资源高速缓存组件执行的后续处理功能现在可以由所识别的客户计算设备来相似地执行。根据该备选实施例，CDN服务提供商106包括：客户组件(例如软件应用)，用于在客户计算设备处管理所识别的内容信息。CDN服务提供商106将客户组件提供给期望参与这种服务的客户计算设备。
继续参考图6，在特定的说明性实施例中，资源高速缓存组件132将在资源高速缓存组件132处收集的关联的类别信息提供给CDN服务提供商106。在该实施例中，关联的类别信息包括标识与对跟第一客户计算设备集合相关联的类别所做出的请求相对应的内容的数据。当接收到该关联的类别信息时，CDN服务提供商106根据第一计算设备集合的类别来识别第二客户计算设备集合。然后CDN服务提供商将与资源请求有关的内容信息提供给第二客户计算设备集合中的客户计算设备。在该说明性实施例中，内容信息包括与第一客户计算设备集合相关联的类别的被频繁请求的内容的列表。第二设备集合中的客户计算设备通过验证所列内容的可用性以及在一个或多个所列资源不可用时获取所述一个或多个所列资源，(经由CDN服务提供商所提供的客户侧应用)来管理该内容信息。
现在参考图7，在一个实施例中，CDN服务提供商106可以提供从POP收集的类别信息用于附加的处理。如先前在图1中所示例的，一个或多个附加内容提供商134可以是CDN服务提供商106的一部分。附加内容提供商134可以与跟CDN服务提供商106相关联的附加组件或服务(例如广告引擎或服务、推荐引擎或服务、安全应用或服务等等)相对应。另外，尽管先前已经将第三方内容提供商134示例为CDN服务提供商106的一部分，然而相关领域技术人员应理解的是，一个或多个第三方内容提供商134可以是独立的。
基于由CDN服务提供商106提供的或者由CDN服务提供商106使得可用的类别信息，第三方内容提供商134可以将类别信息用作输入。例如，在一个实施例中，如果第三方内容提供商134与广告引擎或组件相对应，则可以处理类别信息以预期将来在高速缓存处显示广告的机会。因此，第三方内容提供商134可以处理输入，CDN服务提供商106可以执行附加步骤。在另一实施例中，如果第三方内容提供商134与推荐引擎或组件相对应，可以处理类别信息以预期附加的内容请求或未来的内容请求。因此，第三方内容提供商134可以处理输入，CDN服务提供商106可以执行附加步骤。相关领域技术人员应理解的是，在本公开的精神和范围内，可以使用任何多种方法学或算法来处理类别信息。
继续参考图7，附加内容提供商134可以将处理的信息提供回CDN服务提供商106用于进一步处理。附加地或备选地，附加内容提供商134可以将处理的信息直接提供给一个或多个POP，例如POP116。在任一实施例中，由CDN服务提供商106执行的附加动作可以包括：附加广告和/或显示机会的通知；也可以被预加载到资源高速缓存组件的附加内容的标识；和/或已经存储在资源高速缓存组件处的内容的另外的管理。
现在参考图8，将描述由CDN服务提供商106实现的用于监控来自客户计算设备的资源请求的内容监控例程800的一个实施例。相关领域技术人员应理解的是，针对例程800而概述的动作/步骤可以由与CDN服务提供商106相关联的一个或多个计算设备/组件来实现。因此，例程800在逻辑关系上如同由CDN服务提供商106来一般地执行一样，因此随后的说明性实施例不应被理解为限制。
在框802中，资源高速缓存组件132从客户计算设备接收内容请求。然后在框804中确定与客户计算设备相关联的类别信息。在说明性实施例中，框804中类别信息的确定可以特定地包括：基于多种标准将请求客户计算设备与第一其他客户计算设备群相关联。在一个示例中，标准与客户计算设备所处的时区相对应。在框806中继续，资源高速缓存组件还将所识别的类别信息与所请求内容相关联。接下来，在框808中，资源高速缓存组件132将信息提供给与关联的类别有关的CDN服务提供商106。例程在框810结束。
现在参考图9，将描述用于对用于向一类客户计算设备传递的内容加以管理的内容处理例程900的一个实施例。相关领域技术人员应理解的是，针对例程900而概述的动作/步骤可以由与CDN服务提供商106相关联的一个或多个计算设备/组件来实现。因此，例程900在逻辑关系上如同由CDN服务提供商106来一般地执行一样。
在框902中，CDN服务提供商106接收与关联的类别信息有关的信息，例如在图8的框810中从资源高速缓存组件提供的信息。接下来，在框904中，CDN服务提供商106处理所接收的类别信息。如上所述，可以在CDN服务提供商处实现用于处理所接收的类别信息的多种逻辑。继续参考图8描述的说明性实施例，CDN服务提供商106接收与第一时区中的客户计算设备所做出的资源请求有关的信息，并通过基于第一时区中的客户计算设备做出的资源请求识别有权为第二时区中的客户计算设备提供服务的高速缓存组件的内容，来处理该信息。例如，CDN服务提供商106可以将第一时区中的被最频繁请求的内容的列表提供给有权为第二时区中的客户计算设备服务的高速缓存组件。
继续进行至图9的框906，CDN服务提供商基于框904中对关联的类别信息执行的处理来管理内容。此外如上述的集合，可以实现多种用于管理内容的逻辑。根据本说明性实施例，CDN服务提供商可以通过在第二时区中的高速缓存组件处从存储位置获取所识别的内容，或者更具体地通过在高速缓存组件处从列表预加载信息以预期来自第二时区中的客户计算设备的类似请求，基于所处理的信息来管理内容。例程在框908结束。
相关领域和其他领域技术人员应理解的是，尽管这里已经将处理和管理功能描述为在CDN服务提供商的多种组件上执行，然而这些功能可分布在CDN服务提供商的一个或多个计算设备上。另外，在资源高速缓存组件处监控的内容请求和关联的类别信息可以由CDN服务提供商全局地维持并且被CDN服务提供商的高速缓存组件的所有或一些子集合共享。类似地，基于关联的类别信息的处理而识别的内容信息可以作为成批处理被提供给资源高速缓存组件，或响应于从一个高速缓存组件被发送至另一个高速缓存组件。
本领域和其他领域技术人员应理解的是，本公开中所描述的所有功能可以由所公开的组件和移动通信设备的一个或多个处理器所执行的软件来体现。软件可以持久地存储在任何类型的非易失性存储器中。
诸如“能够”、“可能”或“可以”等条件式语言，除非特别声明或在所使用的上下文中理解，否则通常用于表达的意思是：特定实施例包括特定的特性、元件和/或步骤，而其他实施例不包括。因此，这种条件式语言通常并不表示一个或多个实施例无论如何需要这些特性、元件和/或步骤，也不表示一个或多个实施例有必要包括用于在有或没有用户输入或提示的情况下判定这些特性、元件和/或步骤是否包含在任何具体实施例中或在该实施例中执行的逻辑。
本文所描述的和/或附图中描绘的流程图中的任何过程描述、元件或块应当被理解为，可以表示代码的模块、片段或部分，代码的模块、片段或部分包括用于在过程中实现特定逻辑功能或步骤的一个或多个可执行指令。本领域技术人员应理解，备选的实现包括在本文描述的实施例的范围之内，其中，根据涉及的功能，元件或功能可以被删除或不按所示或所述的顺序来执行，包括实质上同时执行或按相反顺序来执行。还应理解，可以使用与存储计算机可执行组件的计算机可读介质(如，CD-ROM、DVD-ROM、或网络接口)相关联的驱动机制，将上述数据和/或组件存储在计算机可读介质上并加载到计算设备的存储器中，此外，组件和/或数据可以包括在单一设备中或以任何方式分布。因此，通用计算设备可以被配置为，通过执行和/或处理上述不同数据和/或组件，来执行本公开的处理、算法和方法。
应强调的是，可以对上述实施例做出许多变化和修改，变化和修改的元素应被理解为在其他可接受的示例中。这里所有这样的修改和变化在本公开的范围之内且由权利要求来保护。
条款1.一种方法，包括：
在内容传递网络服务提供商处，监控来自第一客户计算设备群的资源请求；
识别与来自第一群的资源请求相对应的内容集合；
在有权为第二客户计算设备群服务的高速缓存组件处，预加载所识别的内容集合。
条款2.如条款1所述的方法，其中，第一群与第二群相同。
条款3.如条款1所述的方法，其中，第一群与第二群不同。
条款4.如条款1所述的方法，其中，第一客户计算设备群包括位于第一时区中的客户计算设备。
条款5.如条款4所述的方法，其中，第二客户计算设备群包括位于第二时区中的客户计算设备。
条款6.如条款1所述的方法，其中，监控资源请求包括：在时间窗期间，监控来自第一时区中的第一客户计算设备群的资源请求；预加载内容包括：在相同时间窗期间，在有权为另一时区中的第二客户计算设备群服务的高速缓存组件处，预加载内容。
条款7.如条款1所述的方法，其中，识别与第一群的资源请求相对应的内容集合包括：识别第一群的被频繁请求的内容。
条款8.如条款7所述的方法，其中，预加载所识别的内容集合包括：预加载所识别的被频繁请求的内容。
条款9.如条款7所述的方法，其中，预加载所识别的内容集合包括：预加载与所识别的被频繁请求的内容相关联的附加内容。
条款10.一种方法，包括：
在内容传递网络服务提供商处，从第一客户计算设备获取资源请求；
确定与第一客户计算设备相关联的类别；
将类别与所请求内容相关联；
根据所关联的类别，在内容传递网络服务提供商的高速缓存组件处，预加载所请求的内容。
条款11.如条款10所述的方法，其中，确定类别对应于：观测随时间的行为并基于所观测的行为来确定类别。
条款12.如条款10所述的方法，其中，预加载所请求的内容包括：根据类别以及根据时间，在高速缓存组件处预加载所请求的内容。
条款13.如条款10所述的方法，其中，类别与时间域相对应。
条款14.如条款10所述的方法，其中，根据所关联的类别在高速缓存组件处预加载所请求的内容包括：将跟由高速缓存组件服务的计算设备相关联的类别与所确定的跟第一客户计算设备相关联的类别相关。
条款15.如条款10所述的方法，其中，根据所关联的类别在高速缓存组件处预加载所请求的内容包括：将跟由高速缓存组件服务的计算设备相关联的类别与所确定的跟第一客户计算设备相关联的类别相匹配。
条款16.如条款10所述的方法，其中，根据所关联的类别在高速缓存组件处预加载所请求的内容包括：选择用于向具有与所确定的跟第一客户计算设备相关联的类别相匹配的类别的客户计算设备提供内容的高速缓存组件；以及将所请求的内容预加载到所选择的高速缓存组件。
条款17.一种方法，包括：
确定与客户计算设备集合相关联的类别；
监控所确定的类别的资源请求；
根据所确定的类别来识别用于向客户计算设备提供内容的至少一个高速缓存组件；
向所识别的高速缓存组件提供内容信息。
条款18.如条款17所述的方法，其中，所确定的类别与时间域相对应。
条款19.如条款18所述的方法，其中，时间域与第一时区相对应，根据所确定的类别来识别用于向客户计算设备提供内容信息的至少一个高速缓存组件包括：识别用于向第二时区中的客户计算设备提供内容信息的至少一个高速缓存组件。
条款20.如条款17所述的方法，其中，内容信息包括所确定的类别的被频繁请求的内容。
条款21.如条款17所述的方法，其中，内容信息包括与所确定的类别的被频繁请求的内容相关联的附加信息。
条款22.如条款17所述的方法，其中，内容请求包括所确定的类别的被频繁请求的内容的列表。
条款23.如条款22所述的方法，还包括：验证用于由所识别的高速缓存组件来传递的所列内容的可用性。
条款24.如条款23所述的方法，还包括：如果一个或多个所列资源不可用，则获取所述一个或多个所列资源。
条款25.如条款22所述的方法，还包括：
基于被频繁请求的内容的列表，来选择要在所识别的高速缓存组件处加载的内容；
验证用于由所识别的高速缓存组件来传递的所列资源的可用性；以及
如果一个或多个所列资源不可用，则获取所述一个或多个所列资源。
条款26.如条款17所述的方法，还包括：在高速缓存组件处管理所识别的内容。
条款27.如条款26所述的方法，其中，在高速缓存组件上处管理所识别的内容包括：将所识别的内容从高速缓存组件的磁盘存储器移至高速缓存组件的存储器。
条款28.如条款26所述的方法，其中，在高速缓存组件处管理所识别的内容包括：改变与高速缓存组件的存储器中的所识别的内容相关联的高速缓存控制数据。
条款29.如条款26所述的方法，其中，在高速缓存组件处管理所识别的内容包括：从存储位置获取所识别的内容。
条款30.一种方法，包括：
确定与客户计算设备集合相关联的类别；
监控所确定的类别的资源请求；
根据所确定的类别来识别第二客户计算设备集合；
向第二客户计算设备集合提供关于资源请求的内容信息。
条款31.如条款30所述的方法，其中，所确定的类别与时间域相对应。
条款32.如条款30所述的方法，其中，时间域与第一时区相对应，根据所确定的类别来识别第二客户计算设备集合包括：识别不同时区中的第二客户计算设备集合。
条款33.如条款30所述的方法，其中，内容信息包括所确定的类别的被频繁请求的内容。
条款34.如条款30所述的方法，其中，内容信息包括与所确定的类别的被频繁请求的内容相关联的附加信息。
条款35.如条款30所述的方法，其中，内容信息包括所确定的类别的被频繁请求的内容的列表。
条款36.如条款35所述的方法，还包括：验证用于由第二客户计算设备集合来传递的所列资源的可用性。
条款37.如条款37所述的方法，还包括：如果一个或多个所列资源不可用，则获取所述一个或多个所列资源。
条款38.如条款35所述的方法，还包括：
基于被频繁请求的内容的列表，来选择要在第二客户计算设备集合处加载的内容；
验证用于由第二客户计算设备集合来传递的所列资源的可用性；以及
如果一个或多个所列资源不可用，则获取所述一个或多个所列资源。
条款39.一种方法，包括：
基于所观测的行为在第一高速缓存组件处监控资源请求；以及
在第二高速缓存组件处，提供与所观测的行为相关联的内容的可用性。
条款40.如条款39所述的方法，其中，在第二高速缓存组件处提供与观测的行为相关联的内容的可用性包括：将内容从高速缓存组件的磁盘存储器移至高速缓存组件的存储器。
条款41.如条款39所述的方法，其中，在第二高速缓存组件处提供与所观测的行为相关联的内容的可用性包括：增大与高速缓存组件的存储器中的内容相关联的满期数据。
条款42.如条款39所述的方法，其中，在第二高速缓存组件处提供与所观测的行为相关联的内容的可用性包括：从存储位置获取内容。
条款43.一种系统，包括：
与内容传递网络服务提供商相关联的第一网络接入点，其中第一网络接入点可操作用于：
从第一客户计算设备获取资源请求；
将第一客户计算设备与第一客户计算设备群相关联；
监控第一群的资源请求；以及
根据所监控的第一群的资源请求来识别第二客户计算设备的内容；以及
用于在第二客户计算设备处管理所识别的内容的客户组件。
条款44.如条款43所述的系统，其中，管理所识别的内容包括：将所识别的内容从磁盘存储器移至第二客户计算设备的存储器。
条款45.如条款43所述的系统，其中，管理所识别的内容包括：增大与第二客户计算设备的存储器中的所识别的内容相关联的满期数据。
条款46.如条款43所述的系统，其中，管理所识别的内容包括：从存储位置获取所识别的内容。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于内容管理的方法，包括：
在内容传递网络服务提供商处，在时间窗期间，监控来自第一时区中的第一客户计算设备群的资源请求；
识别与来自第一客户计算设备群的资源请求相对应的内容集合，其中识别与来自第一客户计算设备群的资源请求相对应的内容集合包括识别第一客户计算设备群的被频繁请求的内容；
当预期到来白另一时区中的第二客户计算设备群的针对所识别的内容集合的至少一部分的请求时，在相同时间窗期间，在有权为第二客户计算设备群服务的高速缓存组件处，预加载所识别的内容集合。
2.一种用于内容管理的系统，包括：
与内容传递网络服务提供商相关联的第一网络接入点，其中第一网络接入点可操作用于：
从第一客户计算设备获取资源请求；
将第一客户计算设备与第一时区中的第一客户计算设备群相关联；
在时问窗期问，监控来自第一客户计算设备群的资源请求；以及
根据所监控的第一客户计算设备群的资源请求来识别针对另一时区中的第二客户计算设备群的内容集合，包括识别第一客户计算设备群的被频繁请求的内容；以及
管理针对第二客户计算设备群所识别的内容集合，包括：当预期到来白第二客户计算设备群的针对所识别的内容集合的至少一部分的请求时，在相同时间窗期问，在有权为第二客户计算设备群服务的高速缓存组件处，预加载所识别的内容集合。
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