CN101938224A - Broadband piezoelectric energy harvesting system - Google Patents
Broadband piezoelectric energy harvesting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101938224A CN101938224A CN 201010207427 CN201010207427A CN101938224A CN 101938224 A CN101938224 A CN 101938224A CN 201010207427 CN201010207427 CN 201010207427 CN 201010207427 A CN201010207427 A CN 201010207427A CN 101938224 A CN101938224 A CN 101938224A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband piezoelectric energy harvesting system comprising a main strut and piezoelectric bimorphs strings, wherein the main strut is positioned in the working environment of a microelectronic device; each piezoelectric bimorph string comprises a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs connected in series; and the piezoelectric bimorphs have unequal lengths; and one end of each piezoelectric bimorph is suspended on the main strut, and the output ends of the piezoelectric bimorph strings are connected with the microelectronic device. As the working frequency band is wide, the broadband piezoelectric energy harvesting system can more effectively extract energy from a variable multi-frequency environmental vibration source to ensue the normal working of the microelectronic device. The broadband piezoelectric energy harvesting system can also move the position of the working frequency band by connecting with a plurality of piezoelectric bimorph strings in parallel and control the on-off of each piezoelectric bimorph string by adopting a control switch so as to vary the position of the working frequency band. Therefore, the system has stronger frequency adaptability and can adapt to the multi-frequency vibration source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the microelectronic component electric power system, the system that the vibrational energy that particularly a kind of utilization is captured is powered to microelectronic component from the operational environment of microelectronic component.
Background technology
Under the background that microelectronic component is used widely, the traditional battery-powered mode of carrying life cycle is short, mass-energy than high, be subjected to environmental limitations sometimes and the shortcoming of changing difficulty makes it be not suitable for being applied to and go in the modern networked sensing technology, therefore must seek the energy-provision way of more effective microelectronic component.Make the modern networked sensing technology can be, and have as modern functions such as automatic calibration, wireless operating, man-machine compatibilities towards more microminiaturized, more integrated circuit development.
At present, a kind of energy-provision way of effective microelectronic component is a vibrational energy of utilizing the operational environment of microelectronic component.Particularly, ubiquity noise or mechanical oscillation in the operational environment of microelectronic component, because the power consumption during microelectronic component work is also little, so can be by design one prisoner's energy device, described prisoner can device directly extracts energy from the vibration of the operational environment of microelectronic component, utilize the energy that extracts that microelectronic component is powered.This prisoner can be also referred to as energy accumulator (energy harvester) by device, and the characteristics of its wireless capacitation have been subjected to paying close attention to widely (referring to document [1]).Wherein, piezoelectric harvester is the particularity of (power electricity conversion regime) because conversion regime, and conversion efficiency height, energy consumption are low, and help microminiaturization, and this piezoelectric harvester is praised highly most.
Yet, after producing, existing piezoelectric harvester mostly is the device of fixed frequency, and the frequency in ambient vibration source may all change constantly, moreover, same ambient vibration source also may comprise a plurality of vibration frequency spectrums (referring to document [2]), in addition, under as influence of various factors such as temperature, electromagnetic field, gravitation variations, the frequency in ambient vibration source may be drifted about.And for piezoelectric harvester, in case the frequency departure in ambient vibration source the piezoelectricity prisoner of piezoelectric harvester can structure natural frequency, the prisoner can structure with multifrequency ambient vibration source between interaction with regard to a little less than very, its power output also can significantly reduce, and is difficult to guarantee the operate as normal of microelectronic component.
Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of improved piezoelectric harvester to overcome the defective of prior art.
The above-mentioned pertinent literature of mentioning:
[1]Joseph?A?D.Energy?harvesting?projects[J].IEEE?Pervasive?Computing，2005，4：69～71.
[2]Roundy?S，P?W，Rabaey?J.A?study?of?low?lever?vibrations?as?a?power?source?for?wireless?sensor?nodes[J].Computer?Communications，2003，26：1131～1144.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of broadband piezoelectric prisoner can system, its operating frequency broad, the variation of the vibration source frequency that can conform, and and multifrequency ambient vibration source between interaction strong, power output is big, can guarantee the operate as normal of microelectronic component.。
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of broadband piezoelectric prisoner can system, comprising: main pillar is arranged in the operational environment of microelectronic component; And be uneven in length and the piezoelectric bimorph string that constitutes of piezoelectric bimorphs of series connection successively by a plurality of, wherein an end of each piezoelectric bimorph is suspended in described main pillar, and the output of described piezoelectric bimorph string is applicable to described microelectronic component and is connected.
In one embodiment of the invention, described piezoelectric bimorph string is a plurality of, and described a plurality of piezoelectric bimorph strings are parallel with one another.
In another embodiment of the present invention, each piezoelectric bimorph string in parallel control switch of connecting.
In an embodiment more of the present invention, described each piezoelectric bimorph comprises: a pair of piezoceramics layer of space, and the thickness of described a pair of piezoceramics layer is identical, and all identical along thickness direction polarization and polarised direction; Metal level is held on the opposite face of described a pair of piezoceramics layer; And pair of electrodes in parallel, lay respectively at the opposing face of described a pair of piezoceramics layer.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described metal level is an aluminium alloy layer.
In an embodiment more of the present invention, described piezoceramics layer is the PZT-5H piezoceramics layer.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described piezoceramics layer is 0.4: 1 with described metal layer thickness ratio.
Compared with prior art, prisoner of the prior art can be all single natural frequency device by element, after producing because the limiting its main operating frequency and can't regulate of its geometry and work border, in case the vibration frequency of environment is away from this operating frequency, interaction therebetween will be very faint, and prisoner's energy efficiency is very low.And the prisoner of the broadband piezoelectric among the present invention can comprise a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs that are uneven in length in the system, its independent natural frequency has nothing in common with each other, mode by the electricity series connection is connected each wafer again, its operating frequency band is significantly widened, thereby can more effectively from the multifrequency ambient vibration source that changes, be extracted energy.
In addition, the position that broadband piezoelectric of the present invention is captureed the operating frequency band of energy system can increase or reduce the number of parallel piezoelectric twin lamella branch by the open and-shut mode that changes control switch, thereby moves on the different frequency fields.The frequency adaptability of this prisoner energy system is stronger, can be adjusted accordingly according to the variation of environmental vibration source frequency.
By following description also in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is more clear that the present invention will become, and these accompanying drawings are used to explain embodiments of the invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 capturees the circuit diagram of first embodiment of energy system for broadband piezoelectric of the present invention.
Fig. 1 a is the structural representation that broadband piezoelectric shown in Figure 1 is captureed the energy system.
Fig. 1 b is the experimental data schematic diagram that broadband piezoelectric shown in Figure 1 is captureed the energy system.
Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram that broadband piezoelectric shown in Figure 1 is captureed the piezoelectric bimorph of energy system.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram with piezoelectricity prisoner energy system of parallel piezoelectric twin lamella.
Fig. 3 a is the structural representation that piezoelectricity shown in Figure 3 is captureed the energy system.
Fig. 3 b is the experimental data schematic diagram that piezoelectricity shown in Figure 3 is captureed the energy system.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of broadband piezoelectric prisoner energy second embodiment of system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a is the structural representation that broadband piezoelectric shown in Figure 4 is captureed the energy system.
Fig. 4 b is the experimental data schematic diagram that broadband piezoelectric shown in Figure 4 is captureed the energy system.
Embodiment
With reference now to accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the invention, the similar elements label is represented similar elements in the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 1 a capture first embodiment of energy system for broadband piezoelectric of the present invention.With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 1 a, described broadband piezoelectric prisoner can system comprise main pillar 1000 and a piezoelectric bimorph string.Described main pillar 1000 is arranged in the operational environment of microelectronic component 2000.Described piezoelectric bimorph string is by a plurality of piezoelectric bimorph (PB that are uneven in length and connect successively, Piezoelectric Bimorph) (by the label among Fig. 1, Fig. 1 a 1,2 ..., m indicates) constitute, each piezoelectric bimorph 1,2 ..., the end of m be suspended in described main pillar 1000 (promptly an end fixing with described main pillar 1000, the other end is free state), wherein the output of piezoelectric bimorph string is applicable to described microelectronic component 2000 and is connected.
When noise or mechanical oscillation occurring in the operational environment of microelectronic component 2000, described main pillar 1000 also shakes, at this moment, each piezoelectric bimorph 1,2 in the piezoelectric bimorph string ..., deformation all takes place in m, thereby produce electric charge and power output arranged.The present invention compared with prior art, energy accumulator spare is single natural frequency device in the prior art, in case the vibration frequency of frequency and environment is not complementary, then can cause the output voltage of entire device very low, thereby make that its power output is faint, because each piezoelectric bimorph has carried out series design among the present invention, so series branch's total voltage is the output voltage sum of every piezoelectric bimorph.As long as wherein the vibration frequency of frequency and the environment of some piezoelectric bimorphs is approaching, the prisoner can system strengthen with the interaction between the multifrequency ambient vibration source, and the energy efficiency height is captureed in the power output increase, can guarantee the operate as normal of microelectronic component.In addition, the operating frequency band of present embodiment broadband piezoelectric prisoner energy system is widened by a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs series connection that are uneven in length, and can effectively extract energy from the multifrequency ambient vibration source that changes, and is the microelectronic component power supply.
Verify the performance that a broadband piezoelectric embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 prisoner can system below in conjunction with actual experiment.
Fig. 1 b has showed that broadband piezoelectric is captureed the Changing Pattern of the power output of energy system with the external excitation frequency under two kinds of situations: the single piezoelectric bimorph that with length is 69.0mm is as prisoner's energy structure; Be respectively 68.0,68.5,69.0,69.5 with length, five piezoelectric bimorph series connection of 70.0mm can structure as the prisoner.By relatively finding, by the different piezoelectric bimorph of a series of length of connecting, can not only significantly improve the power output of energy accumulator, and can be with the operating frequency band scope (OFB) of power output more than 10 μ W by (91,96) Hz widens to (85,103) Hz.Be appreciated that the operating frequency band scope of energy accumulator can further be widened if the piezoelectric bimorph series connection is more or the length of the piezoelectric bimorph of series connection is greater or lesser.Here, can select the length variations mode and the length variations scope of piezoelectric bimorph according to actual conditions.
As Fig. 2, described every piezoelectric bimorph 1,2 ..., m comprises first piezoceramics layer 110, second piezoceramics layer 120, metal level 200, first electrode 310 and second electrode 320.
Described first piezoceramics layer 110 and second piezoceramics layer 120 can be the PZT-5H piezoceramics layer, also can be the piezoceramics layer of other models.PZT-5H piezoceramics layer major parameter is: (s
11, d
31, ε
33)=(16.5 * 10
-12m
2/ N ,-274 * 10
-12C/N, 3400 ε
0),
ε
0=8.854 * 10
-12F/m, ρ=7500kg/m
3, wherein, S
11Be softness factor, d
31Be piezoelectric modulus, ε
33Be dielectric coefficient, k31 is an electromechanical coupling factor, ε
0Be the vacuum dielectric coefficient, ρ is a density.
In addition, described first piezoceramics layer 110 is identical with the thickness of second piezoceramics layer 120, is h, and keeps at a certain distance away on thickness direction.In an embodiment, the distance at described first piezoceramics layer 110 and second piezoceramics layer 120 interval on thickness direction is 2c.Particularly, first piezoceramics layer 110 has first upper surface and first lower surface 112 relative with described first upper surface along thickness direction; Second piezoceramics layer 120 along thickness direction have second upper surface 121 with the second relative lower surface of described second upper surface 121, wherein, first lower surface 112 of first piezoceramics layer 110 is relative with second upper surface 121 of second piezoceramics layer 120, and first upper surface of first piezoceramics layer 110 is opposite with second lower surface of second piezoceramics layer 120.In addition, all along the thickness direction polarization, wherein the polarised direction p of first piezoceramics layer 110 is first lower surface to the first upper surfaces for described first piezoceramics layer 110 and second piezoceramics layer 120; The polarised direction p of second piezoceramics layer 120 is second lower surface to the second upper surfaces.
Described metal level 200 is held on first lower surface 112 of described first piezoceramics layer 110 and second upper surface 121 of described second piezoceramics layer 120, and thickness is 2c.Described metal level 200 can be aluminium alloy layer, preferably, and the Young's modulus E=70GPa of described aluminium alloy layer, density p=2700kg/m
3, at this moment, the toughness of aluminium alloy layer is better, and cost is lower.Described metal level 200 also can be the metal level of other materials formation.Preferably, described first piezoceramics layer 110 (or second piezoceramics layer 120) is 0.4: 1 with the thickness ratio of described metal level 200.Certainly, described first piezoceramics layer 110 (or second piezoceramics layer 120) and the thickness of described metal level 200 are than also being 0.3.
Described first electrode 310 is positioned at first upper surface of described first piezoceramics layer 110; Described second electrode 320 is positioned at second lower surface of described second piezoceramics layer 120, and described first electrode 310 and second electrode 320 are by the lead parallel connection.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 a have showed that the piezoelectricity prisoner with parallel piezoelectric twin lamella can system.As Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 a, described piezoelectricity prisoner can system comprise the operational environment that is arranged in microelectronic component 2000 main pillar 1000 and a plurality of be uneven in length and piezoelectric bimorph 1,2 in parallel successively ..., n.Wherein each piezoelectric bimorph 1,2 ..., n is suspended in described main pillar, and each piezoelectric bimorph 1,2 ..., the output of n is applicable to described microelectronic component 2000 and is connected.
When noise or mechanical oscillation occurring in the operational environment of microelectronic component 2000, described main pillar 1000 also shakes, and at this moment, deformation all takes place each piezoelectric bimorph, thereby produces electric charge and power output is arranged.The present invention compared with prior art, each piezoelectric bimorph of present embodiment is parallel with one another, therefore total power output is the summation of each piezoelectric bimorph power output, the natural frequency of each piezoelectric bimorph has nothing in common with each other, therefore corresponding Oscillation Amplitude and power output are also inequality, even the vibration frequency of environment changes, also have piezoelectric bimorph existence near the vibration frequency of environment, interaction between prisoner energy system and the multifrequency ambient vibration source is strengthened, power output increases, capture the energy efficiency height, can guarantee the operate as normal of microelectronic component.In addition, the frequency field of the present embodiment broadband piezoelectric prisoner a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs of energy system removable operating frequency band in parallel can effectively extract energy from the multifrequency ambient vibration source that changes, be the microelectronic component power supply.
Verify the performance that piezoelectricity shown in Figure 3 prisoner can system below in conjunction with actual experiment.
Fig. 3 b has showed power output that prisoner under four kinds of situations can the system Changing Pattern with the external excitation frequency: the single piezoelectric bimorph that with length is 68.0mm can structure as the prisoner; The single piezoelectric bimorph that with length is 69.0mm can structure as the prisoner; The single piezoelectric bimorph that with length is 70.0mm can structure as the prisoner; With length be respectively 68.0,69.0, three piezoelectric bimorphs of 70.0mm are in parallel as prisoner's energy structure.By relatively finding, when behind the piezoelectric bimorph that two length in parallel again are different on the piezoelectric bimorph, the formant of new prisoner's energy system still has three, but as shown in phantom in Figure 4, compare resonance point apparent in view drift has all taken place with the prisoner's energy system that with these three piezoelectric bimorphs serves as prisoner's energy structure.When this frequency drift mainly comes from the number that increases or reduce the parallel piezoelectric twin lamella to the electricity effect of boundary conditions.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 4 a capture second embodiment of energy system for broadband piezoelectric of the present invention.As Fig. 4 and Fig. 4 a, described broadband piezoelectric prisoner can system comprise main pillar 1000 and a plurality of piezoelectric bimorph string.Can system compare with first embodiment piezoelectricity prisoner shown in Figure 1, the annexation of present embodiment master pillar and each piezoelectric bimorph string and operation principle all with piezoelectricity shown in Figure 1 prisoner can system the main pillar and the annexation and the operation principle of piezoelectric bimorph string identical, different is, this enforcement comprises a plurality of piezoelectric bimorph strings, as by piezoelectric bimorph 11,12, ..., first piezoelectric bimorph string that 1m constitutes, by piezoelectric bimorph 21,22, ..., second piezoelectric bimorph string that 2m constitutes, ..., by piezoelectric bimorph n1, n2, ..., n the piezoelectric bimorph string that nm constitutes, described a plurality of piezoelectric bimorph strings are parallel with one another.
When noise or mechanical oscillation occurring in the operational environment of microelectronic component 2000, described main pillar 1000 also shakes, and at this moment, deformation all takes place each piezoelectric bimorph in each piezoelectric bimorph string, thereby produces electric charge and power output is arranged.The Oscillation Amplitude and the power output of each piezoelectric bimorph of present embodiment have nothing in common with each other, can there be the approaching piezoelectric bimorph of vibration frequency with environment, thereby convergence resonance, interaction between prisoner energy system and the multifrequency ambient vibration source is strengthened, power output increases, prisoner's energy efficiency height can the microelectronic component operate as normal.
As shown from the above technical solution, present embodiment broadband piezoelectric prisoner energy system connects by a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs that are uneven in length on the one hand and widens the operating frequency band, comes the frequency field of mobile working frequency band on the other hand by a plurality of piezoelectric bimorph connection in series-parallel.Therefore, this piezoelectricity prisoner can system can more effectively extract energy from the multifrequency ambient vibration source that changes, be the microelectronic component power supply.
In the present embodiment, each piezoelectric bimorph string in parallel control switch of all connecting.Particularly, as Fig. 4, first piezoelectric bimorph string first control switch S that connects
1Second piezoelectric bimorph string, the first control switch S that connects
2...; First piezoelectric bimorph string first control switch S that connects
nTherefore, this broadband piezoelectric prisoner can system can be by changing the control switch of connecting with the piezoelectric bimorph string S1, S2 ... S
nOpen and-shut mode increase or reduce the number of piezoelectric bimorph string in parallel, thereby with the broadband piezoelectric prisoner can system the operating frequency Tape movement to different frequency fields.
Performance below in conjunction with actual experiment proof diagram 4b illustrated embodiment two broadband piezoelectrics prisoner energy system.
Fig. 4 b is depicted as to have power output that the broadband piezoelectric prisoner that has 4 different length piezoelectric bimorphs on three piezoelectric bimorph strings and each the piezoelectric bimorph string can system (the first piezoelectric bimorph string comprises that mutual series connection and length are respectively 70.0,69.0,68.0,4 piezoelectric bimorphs of 67mm with the Changing Pattern of external excitation frequency; The second piezoelectric bimorph string comprises that mutual series connection and length are respectively 68.0,67.0,66.0,4 piezoelectric bimorphs of 65.0mm; The 3rd piezoelectric bimorph string comprises that mutual series connection and length are respectively 66.0,65.0,64.0,4 piezoelectric bimorphs of 63.0mm).All be provided with a control switch on each piezoelectric bimorph string, shown in Fig. 4 b, can effectively regulate the operating frequency band of prisoner's energy system by the open and-shut mode of each control switch Si of rational change (i=1,2,3).From Fig. 4 b as can be seen: 1) the operating frequency band of piezoelectricity prisoner energy system can significantly be widened by a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs series connection that are uneven in length, thereby can more effectively extract energy from the multifrequency ambient vibration source that changes; 2) position of the operating frequency band of piezoelectricity prisoner energy system can increase or reduce the number of parallel piezoelectric twin lamella branch by the open and-shut mode that changes control switch, thereby moves on the different frequency fields.
Above invention has been described in conjunction with most preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of above announcement, and should contain various modification, equivalent combinations of carrying out according to essence of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a broadband piezoelectric is captureed the energy system, comprising:
Main pillar is arranged in the operational environment of microelectronic component; And
By the piezoelectric bimorph string that a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs that are uneven in length and connect successively constitute, wherein an end of each piezoelectric bimorph is suspended in described main pillar, and the output of described piezoelectric bimorph string is applicable to described microelectronic component and is connected.
2. broadband piezoelectric as claimed in claim 1 is captureed the energy system, it is characterized in that described piezoelectric bimorph string is a plurality of, and described a plurality of piezoelectric bimorph strings are parallel with one another.
3. broadband piezoelectric as claimed in claim 1 prisoner can system, it is characterized in that each piezoelectric bimorph string in parallel control switch of connecting.
4. capture the energy system as claim 1 or 3 described broadband piezoelectrics, it is characterized in that described each piezoelectric bimorph comprises:
The a pair of piezoceramics layer of space, the thickness of described a pair of piezoceramics layer is identical, and all identical along thickness direction polarization and polarised direction;
Metal level is held on the opposite face of described a pair of piezoceramics layer; And
Pair of electrodes in parallel lays respectively at the opposing face of described a pair of piezoceramics layer.
5. broadband piezoelectric prisoner as claimed in claim 4 can system unite, and it is characterized in that described metal level is an aluminium alloy layer.
6. broadband piezoelectric as claimed in claim 4 is captureed the energy system, it is characterized in that described piezoceramics layer is the PZT-5H piezoceramics layer.
7. broadband piezoelectric as claimed in claim 4 is captureed the energy system, it is characterized in that described piezoceramics layer is 0.4: 1 with described metal layer thickness ratio.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104978494A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-14 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Method for determining magnet spacing in rotary nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting structure |
| US10694466B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2020-06-23 | University Of South Carolina | Power optimization for a unit cell metamaterial energy harvester |
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| CN101572506A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2009-11-04 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Cantilever beam oscillating ferroelectric generator |
| WO2010036089A2 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-01 | Mimos Berhad | A device for maximum detection of vibrating energy for harvesting energy |
| CN101714834A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-05-26 | 清华大学 | Collision type piezoelectric vibration energy collection device |
| US20100141096A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2010-06-10 | Churchill David L | Piezoelectric Composite Beam with Automatically Adjustable Natural Frequency |
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2010
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Patent Citations (7)
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| US5801475A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1998-09-01 | Mitsuteru Kimura | Piezo-electricity generation device |
| US20100141096A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2010-06-10 | Churchill David L | Piezoelectric Composite Beam with Automatically Adjustable Natural Frequency |
| CN101262189A (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2008-09-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Piezoelectric generator for collecting bending vibration energy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104978494A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-14 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Method for determining magnet spacing in rotary nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting structure |
| US10694466B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2020-06-23 | University Of South Carolina | Power optimization for a unit cell metamaterial energy harvester |
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