CN101923067B - Polarographic flow-through cell - Google Patents
Polarographic flow-through cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN101923067B CN101923067B CN201010147301.9A CN201010147301A CN101923067B CN 101923067 B CN101923067 B CN 101923067B CN 201010147301 A CN201010147301 A CN 201010147301A CN 101923067 B CN101923067 B CN 101923067B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polarographic flow-through cell. The polarographic flow-through cell comprises a reference electrode installing passage, a liquid inlet, a mercury propeller, a shell, a working electrode installing passage, a liquid outlet, a cavity, mercury drops and an auxiliary electrode installing passage, wherein the shell is a main member; the central position of the shell is provided with the cavity; the lower end of the shell is connected with the cavity and provided with the liquid outlet; the upper end of the shell is connected with the cavity and provided with the liquid inlet; the central position is provided with the working electrode installing passage which is communicated with the cavity; the inner end of the working electrode installing passage is used for forming the mercury drops; and the mercury propeller is horizontally arranged on the shell at the position which is right-angled opposite to the working electrode installing passage. By changing the flow-through cell in the conventional polarographic working form, the to-be-measured solution can pass through the flow-through cell in turn to come into contact with three electrodes for electrochemical detection and analysis, so that the conventional polarographic analysis method can be expanded to other application fields. The polarographic flow-through cell has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and use, high stability and high reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrochemical analysis detection device, relate in particular to a kind of Polarographic flow-through cell.
Background technology
Nineteen twenty-four Czech chemist sea Lip river Paderewski invention polarograph, so-called polarograph, just refer to that usining renewable mercury drips as working electrode, on working electrode, apply scanning current potential, detect a kind of electrochemical analytical instrument that obtains corresponding electric current, can be for qualitative and quantitative detection and some theoretical researches of chemical composition.From invention polarograph, its electrode structure citation form is just definite, and the mercury of lower fast of usining during beginning drips as working electrode, does once experiment and will consume a lot of mercury that drips.The polarograph detection sensitivity of the electrode fabrication of this form is not high, and practical value is limited, also has so far application, is mostly applied to student experimenting, for demonstrating classical polarograph ultimate principle and basic experiment.Having there is a kind of polarographic method that is referred to as singly to sweep in the sixties in last century, makes the form of electrode and analytical approach have very large improvement.This method is to allow mercury pass through the superfine kapillary of endoporus, forms a mercury and drips, total time general 7 second of used time to kapillary lower end.Front growth of dripping for mercury for 5 seconds, the later stage is scanned, and be 2 seconds general sweep time, and this form is the citation form of polarograph in modern age, is referred to as singly to sweep polarography.Derive again on this basis multiple scan method, as square wave polarogram, pulse polarography etc., be referred to as modern polarographic analysis, wherein singly sweep polarography and apply the most general.The appearance of modern polarographic method, makes polarographic method really move towards practical, and there are many detection methods in China, and regulation National Standard Method is singly sweeps polarographic method.
From classical polarogram to modern polarogram, the citation form of electrode changes little, just from once analyzing, needs tens to up to a hundred mercury, to once analyzing, only needs a mercury as electrode, does not still break away from the restriction of dropping-mercury electrode.In analytic process, mercury drips continuous increase, is affected by gravity afterwards Automatic-falling greatly to a certain extent, and mercury drips genus Automatic-falling, uncontrolled, and this has just limited the application of polarographic method greatly.To last century the eighties released a kind of controlled dropping-mercury electrode, the domestic ruhende electrode that is referred to as.Kind electrode row mercury is controlled, mercury drips and can hang for a long time, polarographic analysis is before gone a step further again, but the citation form of polarographic analysis does not change, remaining kapillary lower end suspension mercury drips, upwards, kapillary is as the carrier that drips mercury or ruhende electrode for the opening direction of electrolytic cell, is immersed in the solution in the electrolytic cell that opening direction makes progress and detects together with other electrode.In modern chemical analysis, there is multiple flow analysis method, such as liquid chromatography, chromatography of ions, flow injection etc., after these analytical approachs have a separation or reacted test problems, the main flow that tradition is widely applied is photometric detection method, other method is for auxiliary, and for example electricity is led, Electrochemical Detection.Electrochemical Detection is highly sensitive in photometric detection, but only limits to solid electrode, and application is very limited, and application polarographic analysis very widely in traditional electrical chemical analysis, owing to limit by form, can not be for the detection of these last type of analysis methodologies.
The citation form of traditional electrical chemistry polarographic analysis is that three electrodes point to below, electrolytic cell opening direction upwards, three electrodes are immersed in electrolytic solution cell to be analyzed, and solution in electrolytic cell to distribute be uniform, chemical composition to be measured is to be also evenly distributed in solution, analysis finishes rear replacing solution or changes electrolytic cell and solution simultaneously, after the mercury more renewing drips, then carries out next time and analyzes.Due to the upwards straight-through atmosphere of electrolytic cell opening direction, element to be measured is for being uniformly distributed, and solution cannot pass through electrode surface successively, and sometimes analyzing and testing need, to after sample separation or reaction, detect a certain specific region solution; Also sometimes solution stops flowing after first flowing to a certain specific region, forms one section of piston-shaped liquid regions, and then detects.These testing requirements cannot realize with traditional polarographic method.Again because three electrodes are immersed in the solution to be measured being placed in bulge, need to take more chemical reagent solution, and can not carry out timesharing, subregion is detected, so traditional galvanochemistry polarographic analysis electrode form, make galvanochemistry polarogram working method can not realize automatic continuous analysis, comprise the country that some science and technology are flourishing, as the U.S., the instrument with polarogram function of Swiss, still adopt three traditional electrode direction downward, electrolytic cell opening direction upwards, change by hand after hours solution or change solution and electrolytic cell simultaneously, the working method of instrument be still traditional be manual operations.
Liquid chromatography is detection method after a kind of conventional separation, be particularly useful for organic analysis, and polarographic method analyzing organic substance is particularly good at, and sensitivity is higher, but owing to limited by form, the past, traditional galvanochemistry polarographic method can not detect for liquid chromatography, chromatography of ions and Flow Injection Analysis.Electrochemiluminescence analysis is a kind of high-sensitivity analysis method that immediate development is got up, but limit owing to being subject to electrode form, current bibliographical information is all to use solid electrode, and cannot be applied to renewable quiet mercury or static horizontal mercury electrode, and this has also limited applying of electrochemiluminescence analysis.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of flow cell that changes traditional polarogram working forms is proposed, using on the basis of quiet mercury or static horizontal mercury electrode, make solution to be measured can pass through successively in order flow cell, with three electrode contacts, carry out Electrochemical Detection, make traditional polarographic method can be extended to other application, as liquid chromatography, chromatography of ions, Flow Injection Analysis, electrochemiluminescence analysis etc., and can realize continuous and automatic analysis.
A kind of Polarographic flow-through cell of the present invention, includes that contrast electrode installs that passage, working electrode, inlet, mercury push controller, mercury drip, housing, liquid outlet, cavity and auxiliary electrode install passage and form.Housing is the main component of a kind of Polarographic flow-through cell of the present invention, and the middle position of housing is provided with cavity.In the lower end of housing, be connected with cavity, be provided with liquid outlet; In the upper end of housing, be connected with cavity, be provided with inlet.Middle position, in other words in position substantially placed in the middle, is provided with the working electrode being connected with cavity, and in the inner of said working electrode, the mercury that the work of being used to form is used drips.With respect to the rectangular position of working electrode, on housing, be horizontally disposed form, be provided with mercury push controller.Here said mercury push controller, is after analysis finishes, mercury to be dripped and to be turned down, and enters into the discharge opeing position in cavity.Reach and fall to entering in cavity by analyzing to drip to push away with the mercury of crossing, here can there be two kinds form is set, a kind of be working electrode under form, another kind is that working electrode is in upper form, as long as working electrode and mercury push controller two are inner, be connected reliable, can reach and drip and push away the effect that falls to entering in cavity analyzing with the mercury of crossing.Housing adopts transparent material to make, and forms visual form in cavity.
A kind of Polarographic flow-through cell of the present invention, this is a kind of flow cell that changes traditional polarogram working forms, can make solution to be measured pass through successively in order flow cell, with three electrode contacts, carry out Electrochemical Detection analysis, make traditional polarographic method can be extended to other application, as liquid chromatography, chromatography of ions, Flow Injection Analysis, electrochemiluminescence analysis etc., and easily be automated analysis.One-piece construction of the present invention is simple, easy for operation, good stability, and reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Embodiment
Referring now to accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, be described as follows in conjunction with the embodiments: a kind of Polarographic flow-through cell of the present invention, include contrast electrode install passage 1, inlet 2, mercury push controller 3, housing 4, working electrode 5, liquid outlet 6, cavity 7, mercury drip 8 and auxiliary electrode passage 9 be installed formed.Housing 4 is main components of a kind of Polarographic flow-through cell of the present invention, and the middle position of housing 4 is provided with cavity 7.In the lower end of housing 4, be connected with cavity 7, be provided with liquid outlet 6; In the upper end of housing 4, be connected with cavity 7, be provided with inlet 2.Middle position, in other words in housing 4 position substantially placed in the middle, is provided with the working electrode 5 being connected with cavity 7, and in the inner of said working electrode 5, the mercury that the work of being used to form is used drips 8.With respect to the rectangular position of working electrode 5, on housing 4, be horizontally disposed form, be provided with mercury push controller 3.Here said mercury push controller 3, is after analysis finishes, mercury to be dripped to 8 and turn down, and enters into the discharge opeing position in cavity 7.Reach and drip 8 and push away to fall to entering in cavity 7 analyzing mercury by mistake, here can there be two kinds form is set, a kind of be working electrode 5 under form, another kind is that working electrode 5 is in upper form, as long as 3 liang of working electrode 5 and mercury push controllers are inner, be connected reliable, can reach by analyze with mercury drip 8 and push away the effect that falls to entering in cavity 7.Housing 4 adopts transparent material to make, and forms the interior visual form of cavity 7.A kind of Polarographic flow-through cell of the present invention, this is a kind of flow cell that changes traditional polarogram working forms, can make solution to be measured pass through successively in order flow cell, with three electrode contacts, carry out Electrochemical Detection analysis, make traditional polarographic method can be extended to other application, as liquid chromatography, chromatography of ions, Flow Injection Analysis, electrochemiluminescence analysis etc., and easily be automated analysis.One-piece construction of the present invention is simple, easy for operation, good stability, and reliability is high.
A kind of Polarographic flow-through cell of the present invention, its Polarographic flow-through cell inlet is located at upper end, liquid outlet can be located at lower end, the solution after work and with after mercury drip all and discharge by peristaltic pump.Polarographic flow-through cell working electrode, kapillary mouth of pipe direction can make progress, and mercury drips and is statically placed on the kapillary mouth of pipe, vertical with horizontal direction; Also can small angle inclination, be not more than 30 degree with vertical direction angle, this is for adopting static horizontal mercury electrode mode.Polarographic flow-through cell working electrode, capillary exit direction can be downward, and this is for adopting ruhende electrode mode.Polarographic flow-through cell mercury push controller, the cross sectional shape that pushes away mercury bar is cylindric, can be also square, and material is that plastics, glass or corrosion-resistant metal are made.It is vertical that the installation direction of mercury push controller and kapillary go out mercury mouth, is close to capillary exit, can come and go to slide along capillary exit horizontal direction to promote mercury and drip movement.A kind of Polarographic flow-through cell of the present invention, working electrode, contrast electrode, this three electrode channel of auxiliary electrode and mercury push controller all communicate with flow cell cavity, and isolate by seal approach and atmospheric sealing.
Claims (3)
1. a Polarographic flow-through cell, is characterized in that the middle position of housing (4) is provided with cavity (7); Lower end in housing (4), is connected with cavity (7), is provided with liquid outlet (6); Upper end in housing (4), is connected with cavity (7), is provided with inlet (2); In housing (4) position substantially placed in the middle, be provided with the working electrode (5), the contrast electrode that are connected with cavity (7) passage (1) and auxiliary electrode installation passage (9) are installed, the inner in said working electrode (5), be useful on the mercury that formation work uses and drip (8), when the direction that the mercury of working electrode (5) drips (8) makes progress, for sleeping mercury electrode, in the time of downwards, be ruhende electrode.
2. a kind of Polarographic flow-through cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, with respect to the rectangular position of working electrode (5), on housing (4), being horizontally disposed form, is provided with mercury push controller (3).
3. a kind of Polarographic flow-through cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that housing (4) adopts transparent material to make, and forms visual form in cavity (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010147301.9A CN101923067B (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-04-15 | Polarographic flow-through cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010147301.9A CN101923067B (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-04-15 | Polarographic flow-through cell |
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| CN101923067A CN101923067A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| CN101923067B true CN101923067B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| CN201010147301.9A Expired - Fee Related CN101923067B (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-04-15 | Polarographic flow-through cell |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102830152B (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-06-04 | 山东美医林电子仪器有限公司 | Method and device for controlling mercury drop of static mercury electrode |
| CN103616430B (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2016-03-02 | 山东美医林电子仪器有限公司 | A kind of ruhende electrode controls the device that mercury drips |
| CN107238640B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2023-07-21 | 河北医科大学 | Micro flow cell for use with microdialysis device |
| CN109613101B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江工商大学 | Electrochemical detector for numb taste detection |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87210630U (en) * | 1987-10-12 | 1988-04-27 | 吴振庭 | Electrolytic cell for polarographic analysis |
| CN2036672U (en) * | 1988-08-06 | 1989-04-26 | 潘纲 | Measurement device for polarographic flowing system |
| US4950379A (en) * | 1987-04-09 | 1990-08-21 | Nova Biomedical Corporation | Polarographic cell |
| US5078854A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1992-01-07 | Mallinckrodt Sensor Systems, Inc. | Polarographic chemical sensor with external reference electrode |
| CN201751840U (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-02-23 | 许建民 | Polarographic flow cell |
-
2010
- 2010-04-15 CN CN201010147301.9A patent/CN101923067B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4950379A (en) * | 1987-04-09 | 1990-08-21 | Nova Biomedical Corporation | Polarographic cell |
| CN87210630U (en) * | 1987-10-12 | 1988-04-27 | 吴振庭 | Electrolytic cell for polarographic analysis |
| CN2036672U (en) * | 1988-08-06 | 1989-04-26 | 潘纲 | Measurement device for polarographic flowing system |
| US5078854A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1992-01-07 | Mallinckrodt Sensor Systems, Inc. | Polarographic chemical sensor with external reference electrode |
| CN201751840U (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-02-23 | 许建民 | Polarographic flow cell |
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