CN101846512A - Method for implementing land patrol - Google Patents
Method for implementing land patrol Download PDFInfo
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- CN101846512A CN101846512A CN 201010191299 CN201010191299A CN101846512A CN 101846512 A CN101846512 A CN 101846512A CN 201010191299 CN201010191299 CN 201010191299 CN 201010191299 A CN201010191299 A CN 201010191299A CN 101846512 A CN101846512 A CN 101846512A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for implementing land patrol, which comprises the following steps of: acquiring a coordinate conversion parameter from a local area geodetic coordinate system adopted in a local area to WGS84, selecting over three image characteristic points on a satellite remote sensing image, acquiring coordinates of the image characteristic points in a local area geodetic coordinate system, converting the coordinates into WGS84 coordinates, meanwhile actually measuring WGS84 single-point positioning precision coordinates of the image characteristic points, correcting a WGS84 coordinate of a GPS public point according to the mean value of deviation of the converted WGS84 coordinate and the actual measured WGS84 coordinate of the same image characteristic point, and calculating the coordinate conversion parameter from the corrected WGS84 coordinate system to the local area geodetic coordinate system; and converting a WGS84 coordinate result actually measured by a GPS/PDA handheld all-in-one machine in real time by using the corrected coordinate conversion parameter to be consistent with a satellite remote sensing image coordinate system result, and performing comparative analysis on the land patrol result and the satellite remote sensing image. The method is simple and easy to implement, and has no complex operation for land patrol personnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of land patrol implementation method, specifically be utilize in the regional area existing WGS84 to Xi'an 80 coordinate transformation parameters and satellite remote-sensing image thereof, obtain novel coordinate transformation parameter based on the hand-held all-in-one of GPS/PDA fast and be used in a big way land patrol, the invention belongs to the land investigation technical field of mapping.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economic construction and the continuous propelling of urbanization, the illegal situation in soil is still severe, and the task of standing fast at the arable land red line is very arduous.Country and place have been set up in succession based on the land resources of " the sky is seen, ground looked into, on the net manage " the supervision system of enforcing the law, do not let slip the supervision to each piece soil, wherein vehicle-mounted land patrol becomes the important means of carrying out soil law enforcement supervision under the existing situation with its characteristics such as accurate fast, flexible.In land patrol, usually utilize the GPS technology to carry out figure spot location, what GPS adopted is world geodetic system WGS84 coordinate system, need be converted to the earth coordinates of China, and China's earth coordinates commonly used at present have Xi'an 80 coordinate systems, Beijing 54 coordinate systems etc.With Xi'an 80 coordinates is example, at first need in the zone, set up the many base station networks of GPS or fixing single base station, also need to set up the mobile base station when not having condition, determine that by the coordinate translocation at the high-grade reference mark of GPS WGS84 coordinate in the measured zone is tied to the coordinate transformation parameter between 80 coordinate systems of Xi'an then; At last high-precision coordinate transformation parameter is inserted in the GPS/PDA all-in-one, being used for real-time WGS84 coordinate conversion is Xi'an 80 coordinates, carries out the land patrol location, wherein, have the high-grade reference mark of GPS of above-mentioned two kinds of coordinate system achievements simultaneously, be called the public reference mark of GPS, be called for short the GPS common point.Yet, in the practical work, high-precision GPS CORS network is not all also set up in most areas, the whole nation, and fixing single base station or mobile base station are also limited because of operating radius, frequent foundation is very inconvenient, cause to be applicable on a large scale, be difficult to obtain as the coordinate transformation parameter of province territory scope.Though in the local scope, comparatively complete as some metropolitan area basis control datas such as provincial capitals, one basic control data of key area is many, obtains coordinate transformation parameter easily; Even but the coordinate transformation parameter that the GPS common point by regional some obtains, also because the WGS84 coordinate that the former WGS84 coordinate of GPS common point and GPS survey inconsistent on precision, existing coordinate transformation parameter can not directly be used, must revise, can not be directly used in the GPS/PDA all-in-one, just GPS/PDA location achievement can't convert to consistently with satellite remote-sensing image Xi'an 80 coordinates in real time, brings great obstacle for quick land patrol comparison.Therefore, real work presses for a kind of simple and feasible coordinate transformation parameter modification method, be implemented in and just can utilize satellite remote-sensing image to assist to finish the land patrol location under the situation that has the local coordinate transformation parameter, thoroughly reversing the inspection scene can not directly compare, the passive situation that industry just can be compared in only getting back to.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is: in the existing land patrol, because the construction of GPS grid of reference can not satisfy the demands, be difficult to obtain the WGS84 coordinate that extensively is suitable for and be tied to the coordinate transformation parameter of the earth coordinates that local adopts, and for different GPS reference points, the high-grade reference mark of GPS just, coordinate transformation parameter need carry out corresponding correction to guarantee the correctness of transformation result, because coordinate transformation parameter is uncertain, can't realize handling in real time the GPS measurement result, land patrol length consuming time.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of land patrol implementation method, before patrolling on the spot in the soil, the local terrestrial coordinate that obtains the local employing is tied to the coordinate transformation parameter A of WGS84 world geodetic system, described local terrestrial coordinate means the earth coordinates that land patrol is adopted in the local scope, and WGS84 world geodetic system coordinate is designated hereinafter simply as the WGS84 coordinate; On the satellite remote-sensing image that land patrol uses, choose at least 3 tangible image feature points, it is the atural object flex point of image definition, obtain the local earth coordinates coordinate of image feature point usefulness, be scaled the WGS84 coordinate by coordinate transformation parameter A, utilize the GPS/PDA all-in-one to survey out the real-time WGS84 single-point bearing accuracy coordinate of described image feature point simultaneously, according to the conversion WGS84 coordinate of same image feature point and the mean value of the deviation of actual measurement WGS84 coordinate, revise the former WGS84 coordinate of GPS common point, and calculate the coordinate transformation parameter A ' of revised WGS84 coordinate and local terrestrial coordinate; In coordinate transformation parameter A ' importing GPS/PDA all-in-one, the WGS84 coordinate results of GPS/PDA all-in-one actual measurement is converted to and the consistent coordinate system of satellite remote-sensing image coordinate system achievement, the comparative analysis of the achievement of in time patrolling and satellite remote-sensing image in real time; Wherein the grade of GPS common point is not less than the fourth class (or more than D level), and the component residual error of coordinate transformation parameter A and coordinate transformation parameter A ' is no more than ± 5cm, and the engineer's scale of satellite remote-sensing image is not less than 1: 10000, and the ground point bearing accuracy is not less than ± 5m.
As optimal way, coordinate transformation parameter A is retrieved as: utilize the above GPS common point coordinate results of existing at least 3 the C levels of local, local earth coordinates coordinate and WGS84 coordinate by the GPS common point calculate coordinate transformation parameter A between the two.
The present invention specifically comprises the steps:
(1) the local earth coordinates coordinate of equally distributed at least 3 GPS common points in the collection local scope
And WGS84 coordinate
Calculate the coordinate transformation parameter A (X of local by the planimetric coordinates transformation model
0, Y
0, k, α), described model is as follows:
X
0, Y
0Be translation parameters, k is a scale parameter, and α is a rotation parameter, when GPS common point quantity during more than two, goes out four parameters by the principle of least square method compensating computation;
(2) utilize satellite remote-sensing image figure to obtain the local earth coordinates coordinate of at least 2 obvious image feature points, and convert according to coordinate transformation parameter A and to obtain corresponding WGS84 coordinate;
(3) adopt the single-point of GPS/PDA all-in-one actual measurement image feature point to locate the WGS84 coordinate, according to the conversion WGS84 coordinate of same image feature point and the mean value of the deviation of actual measurement WGS84 coordinate;
(4) utilize the mean value of described grid deviation, revise the former WGS84 coordinate of GPS common point, the WGS84 coordinate that makes it to obtain with the single-point location keeps consistency on precision, and calculates the coordinate transformation parameter A ' of revised WGS84 world geodetic system and local earth coordinates by the planimetric coordinates transformation model.
Whether the land patrol implementation method based on satellite remote-sensing image figure and local coordinate transformation parameter of the present invention is built based on the continuous operation satnav integrated service system (CORS) of GPS technology the zone of patrolling and is not done strict demand, only need collect the regional existing coordinate transformation parameter of inspection or at least 3 high-grade reference mark of GPS before using, this requires in the whole nation each province and city, the back of land investigation end for the second time unquestionable; In addition land patrol supervise and examine itself be exactly satellite remote-sensing image with 1: 10000 engineer's scale as basic map, the easiest inspection equipment is exactly the GPS/PDA all-in-one.Need not extra infrastructure construction and coordinate translocation work on a large scale when therefore the present invention specifically implements, make that the coordinate transformation parameter operation that obtains practicality is simple, calculate quick; Every vocational works such as the applicable land patrol of the inventive method, soil supervise and examine and soil verification.
Under the land patrol implementation method of the present invention, make the GPS/PDA bearing accuracy before positional accuracy and the conversion after the real-time conversion suitable, can realize the real-time comparison and the analysis of verification figure spot and soil basis map in the inspection, the substantial length of operation technical requirement is low, be very suitable for the land manager of counties and townships level basic unit and use, can improve the work efficiency of land patrol on a large scale greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method.
The satellite remote-sensing image figure that Fig. 2 adopts for the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, a kind of land patrol implementation method based on satellite remote-sensing image figure RS image and local coordinate transformation parameter is provided.By on satellite remote-sensing image, choosing some tangible image feature points, utilize the GPS/PDA all-in-one to survey out the WGS84 single-point bearing accuracy coordinate of image feature point; Measure the national earth coordinates coordinate of image feature point simultaneously, utilize existing local coordinate transformation parameter to be scaled the WGS84 high-precision coordinate; WGS84 coordinate according to same image feature point is poor, revises the local coincide point of collecting, and then calculates revised coordinate transformation parameter; Utilize this corrected parameter to import in the GPS/PDA all-in-one, the figure spot that can implement fast in the land patrol is measured, guarantee GPS be positioned to fruit convert in real time consistent with the satellite remote-sensing image coordinate system, the compare of analysis of the achievement of in time patrolling.Algorithm flow of the present invention is simple, only needs disposable simple operations, can ad infinitum be used for large-scale land patrol work, has saved a large amount of in the past base station constructions, coordinate translocation and data processing work, is particularly suitable for the land patrol personnel's of basic unit use.
The present invention utilizes the satellite remote-sensing image in inspection zone to revise existing local coordinate transformation parameter in conjunction with the real-time positioning of GPS/PDA all-in-one.Technical scheme is: making full use of on the specific satellite remote sensing image basis of local existing high-precision GPS common point coordinate results and land patrol, by the GPS location and conversion of a small amount of obvious characteristic point on the RS image, apace that the WGS84 coordinate results of GPS/PDA all-in-one real-time positioning is unified to satellite remote-sensing image figure coordinate results.The detailed process of revising coordinate transformation parameter is as follows:
(1) the local earth coordinates coordinate of equally distributed GPS common point in the collection local scope
And WGS84 coordinate
Calculate the coordinate transformation parameter A (X of local by the planimetric coordinates transformation model
0, Y
0, k, α), described model is as follows:
This model is known in this field, no longer describes in detail, wherein X
0, Y
0Be translation parameters, k is a scale parameter, and α is a rotation parameter, when GPS common point quantity during more than two, goes out four parameter X by the principle of least square method compensating computation
0, Y
0, k, α;
(2) utilize satellite remote-sensing image figure to obtain the local earth coordinates coordinate of at least 3 obvious image feature points, and convert according to coordinate transformation parameter A and to obtain corresponding WGS84 coordinate;
(3) adopt the single-point of GPS/PDA all-in-one actual measurement image feature point to locate the WGS84 coordinate, according to the conversion WGS84 coordinate of same image feature point and the mean value of the deviation of actual measurement WGS84 coordinate;
(4) utilize the mean value of described grid deviation, revise the former WGS84 coordinate of GPS common point, the WGS84 coordinate that makes it to obtain with the single-point location keeps consistency on precision, and calculates the coordinate transformation parameter A ' of revised WGS84 world geodetic system and local earth coordinates by the planimetric coordinates transformation model.
Wherein the grade of GPS common point is not less than the fourth class, also is more than the D level, and the component residual error of coordinate transformation parameter A and coordinate transformation parameter A ' is no more than ± 5cm, and the engineer's scale of satellite remote-sensing image is not less than 1: 10000, and the ground point bearing accuracy is not less than ± 5m.
In the above-mentioned steps, if coordinate transformation parameter A is known, then can be directly from step (2).
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1 is a land patrol implementation method techniqueflow chart of the present invention.Using specific embodiments of the invention is to carry out the result of land survey inspection second time at the Tianjin Beichen District to verify.Though virtual reference station VRS system has been set up in Tianjin, but because Tianjin Bureau of Land and Resources does not have participative management, so the data of utilizing VRS to measure all must send to Tianjin VRS operation control unit and change Tianjin 90 coordinates or Xi'an 80 coordinate datas that just can obtain national earth coordinates, the whole coordinate data change-over period one more than a week, can't satisfy the demand of the professional required real time data conversion in territory, Tianjin.
Utilize the present invention to obtain to be used for the concrete operations and the computation process of real-time coordinate transformation parameter of land patrol business as follows:
(1) collects the high-grade reference mark of Beichen District GPS.
Tianjin Bureau of Land and Resources has born " the Tianjin land resources basic information database based on airborne LiDAR technology is built " project in earlier stage, evenly lay 4 B level GPS reference mark BCG01, BCG08, BCG20, BCG23 at Beichen District, had high-precision WGS84 planimetric coordinates and Tianjin 90 planimetric coordinatess;
(2) the coordinate transformation parameter A of local calculates.
The public coordinate in 4 B levels of Beichen District GPS reference mark according to collecting utilizes existing coordinate conversion software, as the south mapping Coord3.0 of company software, finds the solution Tianjin 90 coordinates and WGS84 coordinate transformation parameter;
Table 1 Beichen District B level GPS reference mark coordinate results
Utilize the concrete solution procedure of software as follows:
1. start Coord3.0 software;
2. select " calculating four parameters " function under " coordinate conversion " menu, enter common point coordinate inputting interface;
3. with Beichen District common point coordinate input relevant position, a pair of common point of whenever being totally lost is clicked " increase " button and is inherited other common point of input, finishes until whole inputs;
4. click " calculating " button, obtain coordinate transformation parameter result of calculation.
If the Tianjin of Beichen District 90 coordinates are known to the coordinate transformation parameter A of WGS84 coordinate, then need not the calculating of step (2), obtain the WGS84 coordinate of 4 B level GPS reference mark BCG01, BCG08, BCG20, BCG23, can carry out following step (3).
(3) RS image feature point is chosen.
Utilize Beichen District soil law enforcement inspection satellite remote-sensing image figure, on centralized training ground---the Wanyuan dragon is chosen 4 obvious image feature points along in the holiday resort, villa garden, as shown in Figure 2 cement field four corner point G1, G2, G3, G4;
(4) RS image feature point coordinate converts.
On the RS striograph, obtain Tianjin 90 coordinates of 4 obvious image feature points, utilize coordinate transformation parameter A to converse image feature and put corresponding WGS84 coordinate, be designated as X
WGS84, Y
WGS84
(5) RS image feature point real-time positioning.
Settle the interim base station of GPS nearby, origin coordinates adopts the single-point positioning result, and the WGS84 coordinate according to 4 obvious image feature points of GPS difference station-keeping mode actual measurement is designated as X '
WGS84, Y '
WGS84
(6) calculate same image feature point WGS84 coordinate mean deviation.
Calculate the grid deviation of 4 obvious image feature points respectively, finally get its mean value as mean deviation.
Table 2 utilizes RS image feature point to calculate WGS84 system mean deviation
(7) WGS84 coordinate correction in B level reference mark is calculated with new conversion parameter.
According to the WGS84 coordinate mean deviation that step (6) obtains, revise the WGS84 coordinate at 4 B level reference mark, utilize the new coordinate transformation parameter A ' of existing coordinate conversion computed in software WGS84 coordinate 90 coordinates again to Tianjin;
Table 3 utilizes the new conversion parameter of revised GPS reference mark WGS84 coordinate Calculation
(8) utilize new conversion parameter to realize land patrol.
Coordinate transformation parameter A ' importing GPS/PDA all-in-one with newly obtaining is converted to the inspection positioning result consistent with the RS image coordinate with GPS figure spot measurement result in real time.
By land patrol method of the present invention, field operation personnel are on-the-spot just can be the coordinate of earth coordinates consistent with satellite remote-sensing image figure with the WGS84 coordinate conversion of being surveyed by GPS, the correction work of coordinate transformation parameter is simple and easy to realize, does not also have complicated operations for the land patrol personnel.The on-the-spot soil comparison that just can realize land patrol, the later stage also can further be analyzed the report of output land patrol with industry data processing platform (DPP) in the data importing.
Claims (3)
1. land patrol implementation method, it is characterized in that before patrolling on the spot in the soil, the local terrestrial coordinate that obtains the local employing is tied to the coordinate transformation parameter A of WGS84 world geodetic system, described local terrestrial coordinate means the earth coordinates that land patrol is adopted in the local scope, and WGS84 world geodetic system coordinate is designated hereinafter simply as the WGS84 coordinate; On the satellite remote-sensing image that land patrol uses, choose at least 3 tangible image feature points, it is the atural object flex point of image definition, obtain the local earth coordinates coordinate of image feature point usefulness, be scaled the WGS84 coordinate by coordinate transformation parameter A, utilize the GPS/PDA all-in-one to survey out the real-time WGS84 single-point bearing accuracy coordinate of described image feature point simultaneously, according to the conversion WGS84 coordinate of same image feature point and the mean value of the deviation of actual measurement WGS84 coordinate, revise the former WGS84 coordinate of GPS common point, and calculate the coordinate transformation parameter A ' of revised WGS84 coordinate and local terrestrial coordinate; In coordinate transformation parameter A ' importing GPS/PDA all-in-one, the WGS84 coordinate results of GPS/PDA all-in-one actual measurement is converted to and the consistent coordinate system of satellite remote-sensing image coordinate system achievement, the comparative analysis of the achievement of in time patrolling and satellite remote-sensing image in real time; Wherein the grade of GPS common point is not less than the fourth class, also is more than the D level, and the component residual error of coordinate transformation parameter A and coordinate transformation parameter A ' is no more than ± 5cm, and the engineer's scale of satellite remote-sensing image is not less than 1: 10000, and the ground point bearing accuracy is not less than ± 5m.
2. a kind of land patrol implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being retrieved as of coordinate transformation parameter A: utilize the above GPS common point coordinate results of existing at least 3 the C levels of local, local earth coordinates coordinate and WGS84 coordinate by the GPS common point calculate coordinate transformation parameter A between the two.
3. a kind of land patrol implementation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that specifically comprising the steps:
(1) the local earth coordinates coordinate of equally distributed at least 3 GPS common points in the collection local scope
And WGS84 coordinate
Calculate the coordinate transformation parameter A (X of local by the planimetric coordinates transformation model
0, Y
0, k, α), described model is as follows:
X
0, Y
0Be translation parameters, k is a scale parameter, and α is a rotation parameter, when GPS common point quantity during more than two, goes out four parameters by the principle of least square method compensating computation;
(2) utilize satellite remote-sensing image figure to obtain the local earth coordinates coordinate of at least 3 obvious image feature points, and convert according to coordinate transformation parameter A and to obtain corresponding WGS84 coordinate;
(3) adopt the single-point of GPS/PDA all-in-one actual measurement image feature point to locate the WGS84 coordinate, according to the conversion WGS84 coordinate of same image feature point and the mean value of the deviation of actual measurement WGS84 coordinate;
(4) utilize the mean value of described grid deviation, revise the former WGS84 coordinate of GPS common point, the WGS84 coordinate that makes it to obtain with the single-point location keeps consistency on precision, and calculates the coordinate transformation parameter A ' of revised WGS84 world geodetic system and local earth coordinates by the planimetric coordinates transformation model.
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