CN101836875A - 内窥镜手术施夹器 - Google Patents

内窥镜手术施夹器 Download PDF

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CN101836875A
CN101836875A CN201010138649A CN201010138649A CN101836875A CN 101836875 A CN101836875 A CN 101836875A CN 201010138649 A CN201010138649 A CN 201010138649A CN 201010138649 A CN201010138649 A CN 201010138649A CN 101836875 A CN101836875 A CN 101836875A
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CN101836875B (zh
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肯尼斯·H·惠特菲尔德
格雷戈里·索伦蒂诺
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Covidien LP
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Tyco Healthcare Group LP
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
    • A61B17/128Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord for applying or removing clamps or clips
    • A61B17/1285Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord for applying or removing clamps or clips for minimally invasive surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • A61B2017/00221Electrical control of surgical instruments with wireless transmission of data, e.g. by infrared radiation or radiowaves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/08Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/0803Counting the number of times an instrument is used

Abstract

本发明公开了一种将手术夹子施加于身体组织的设备,具有:手柄部和从所述手柄部向远侧延伸并限定纵轴的本体。该设备还具有设置在所述本体内的多个手术夹子和邻近所述本体的远端部安装的钳口组件。所述钳口组件包括在分隔位置与接近位置之间可活动的第一及第二钳口部。所述设备还具有在所述第一及第二钳口部之间可纵向活动的楔形板,及当所述钳口部在分隔位置时被配置以将手术夹子逐个向远侧推进至所述钳口组件的夹子推进器;设备进一步还具有至少部分设置在所述本体中并响应所述手柄部的致动能够纵向活动的致动器,及邻近所述第一及第二钳口部定位以将所述钳口部运动至接近位置的钳口闭合构件。

Description

内窥镜手术施夹器
相关专利申请的交叉引用
本申请为同时待审的于2005年10月7日提交的序列号为11/245,528的美国专利申请的部分持续申请,该美国专利申请要求享有于2004年10月8日提交的序列号为60/617,104的美国临时专利申请,及于2004年10月8日提交的序列号为60/617,016的美国临时专利申请的权益及优先权,每个申请的全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开的技术领域涉及手术施夹器。本公开尤其涉及一种具有用于在插入手术夹子期间稳定钳口结构的机构的内窥镜手术施夹器。
背景技术
内窥镜缝合器和施夹器在本领域中是公知的并且用于多个不同且有用的手术程序。在腹腔镜手术程序的情况下,通过插入皮肤中的小进入切口的窄管子或套管来实现进入腹部的内部。而在身体上的其它部位执行的微创程序通常一般被称作内窥镜程序。典型地,管子或者套管装置通过进入切口伸入患者的身体中,以便提供入口。此种入口允许外科医生利用套管针插入多个不同的手术器械并且用于在远离切口的地方执行手术程序。
在大多数的这些程序中,外科医生经常必须终止血液或其它液体通过一根或多根脉管的流动。在程序期间,外科医生经常会将手术夹子施加到血管或其它导管上,以防止体液流过这些导管。内窥镜施夹器用于在进入体腔时施加单个夹子,这在本领域中是公知的。典型地,这样的单个夹子由生物相容性材料制成并且通常被压布在脉管上。一旦施加到脉管上,该被压布的夹子就终止液体通过导管的流动。
在共同转让给格林(Green)等人的第5,084,057和5,100,420号美国专利中描述了在单次进入体腔的过程中能够在内窥镜或腹腔镜程序中施加多个夹子的内窥镜施夹器,上述两项专利的全部内容通过引用合并于此。在共同转让给布拉德(Pratt)等人的第5,607,436号美国专利中公开了另一种复合内窥镜施夹器,该专利的全部内容同样通过引用合并于此。这些装置被典型地用在单个手术程序中,但这不是必须的。在序列号为08/515,341的美国专利申请,即现在授予给皮埃尔(Pier)等人的第5,695,502号美国专利中公开了一种可重复消毒的手术施夹器,该专利所公开的内容通过引用合并于此。该施夹器在单次插入体腔的过程中推进并形成多个夹子。所述可重复消毒的施夹器被配置成容纳并与可更换的弹夹(clip magazine)合作,以便在单次进入体腔过程中推进和形成多个夹子。一个重要的设计目标是,将手术夹子装在钳口之间,而装载程序不会对夹子造成任何压缩。装载过程中夹子的这些弯曲或扭转经常会有许多无意的后果。装载过程中的这种压缩可能会略微地改变夹子在钳口之间的对准。这会导致外科医生把夹子从钳口之间移除而丢弃夹子。另外,这种预载压缩可能会轻微地压缩夹子的某些部分而改变夹子的几何形状。这将导致外科医生将被压缩的夹子从钳口之间移除而丢弃夹子。
经常在远离切口的地方执行内窥镜或者腹腔镜程序。因此,对于位于装置近端的用户而言,视野或者触觉反馈的减小可能使夹子的施加复杂化。因此希望通过向用户提供单个夹子被发射的指示、装载单元中所含夹子的消耗的指示或者任何其它手术事件的指示来改善器械的操作。还希望提供这样一种手术施夹器:其促进了夹子的成功装载并且用楔子固定(wedge)使该手术施夹器的钳口分开,然后将夹子装在钳口之间以便防止夹子的任何损坏或者过度压缩,并在发射前防止钳口对夹子的压缩。
执行程序的外科医生或内科医生在手术期间经常需要来自所使用的手术装置的反馈以帮助做出决定。在手术装置上提供数字计数装置可以有效地提供这样的反馈。使用数字计数装置(例如由光传感器或无线连接器操作的)的优点在于增加可靠性。通过使用电子传感器或者Wi-Fi技术除去机械部件可减少这些故障。
发明内容
根据本公开的第一方案,提供了一种将手术夹子施加到身体组织的设备,具有:手柄部和从所述手柄部向远侧延伸并限定纵轴的本体。该设备还具有设置在所述本体内的多个手术夹子和邻近所述本体的远端部安装的钳口组件。所述钳口组件包括在分隔位置与接近位置之间可活动的第一及第二钳口部。所述设备还具有在所述第一及第二钳口部之间可纵向活动的楔形板,及被配置以当所述钳口部在分隔位置时将手术夹子逐个向远侧推进至所述钳口组件的夹子推进器。所述设备进一步还具有至少部分设置在所述本体中并响应所述手柄部的致动能够纵向活动的致动器,及邻近所述第一及第二钳口部定位以将所述钳口部运动至接近位置的钳口闭合构件。
根据本公开的另一个方案,所述设备具有楔形板,当楔形板在所述第一及第二钳口部之间纵向运动时,所述楔形板偏置所述第一及第二钳口部。在装载夹子期间所述楔形板将所述第一及第二钳口部保持为固定的预定关系。所述固定的预定关系防止了夹子装载期间所述第一及第二钳口构件的挠曲。
根据本公开的再一个方案,所述设备具有的楔形板具有导圆的远端头。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述设备具有的楔形板具有第一近侧窗口。所述第一近侧窗口适于被设置在所述本体中的构件啮合,且被配置以将所述楔形板维持在最远侧位置。所述最远侧位置在所述第一及第二钳口构件之间。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述设备具有的楔形板具有第二近侧窗口。所述第二近侧窗口适于被所述构件啮合,且所述第二近侧窗口被配置为以将所述楔形板保持在最近侧位置。所述最近侧位置为从所述第一及第二钳口构件缩回的位置。所述楔形板的所述最近侧位置被配置以允许所述第一及第二钳口构件压缩所述夹子。
根据本公开的又一个方案,通过所述致动器,所述设备具有的所述构件从所述第二近侧窗口能够运动至第一近侧窗口。所述致动器将所述楔形板向远侧移动。当所述楔形板向远侧运动时,所述构件从所述第二近侧窗口运动至所述第一近侧窗口。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述致动器进一步包括凸轮连杆。所述凸轮连杆可与在所述楔形板中的凸轮狭槽啮合。所述凸轮连杆将所述楔形板向远侧运动。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述构件为柔性支腿。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述设备具有的凸轮狭槽具有驱动棱边。所述凸轮连杆啮合所述驱动棱边。所述凸轮连杆被配置以将所述楔形板向远侧纵向运动。
根据本公开的又一个方案,当所述致动器被向远侧驱动时所述凸轮连杆被向远侧驱动。所述凸轮连杆啮合所述凸轮狭槽的所述驱动棱边。所述凸轮连杆使所述楔形板纵向运动以使所述导圆的远端头运动至所述第一及第二钳口构件之间。所述构件啮合所述第一近侧窗口以将所述楔形板保持在所述第一及第二钳口之间,从而用于装载。
根据本公开的又一个方案,当所述凸轮连杆被进一步向远侧驱动时,所述凸轮连杆脱开所述驱动棱边并在所述凸轮狭槽中来回移动(traverse)。所述凸轮连杆允许所述楔形板使所述导圆的远端头从所述第一及第二钳口构件之间向近侧运动。所述构件啮合所述第二近侧窗口以将所述楔形板保持在所述最近侧位置。
根据本公开的又一个方案,提供一种将手术夹子施加于身体组织的设备。该设备具有手柄部、从所述手柄部向远侧延伸并限定纵轴的本体、设置在所述本体内的多个手术夹子。该设备还具有邻近所述本体的远端部安装的钳口组件,和被配置以将手术夹子逐个向远侧推进至所述钳口组件的夹子推进器。该设备进一步包括至少部分设置在所述本体中并响应所述具有计数机构的手柄部的致动能够纵向活动的致动器。所述计数机构与所述手柄部相关连,且所述计数机构响应于所述手柄部的致动而计数(index)。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述计数机构包括液晶显示器。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述计数机构包括背部照明件。
根据本公开的又一个方案,当所述手柄部完全致动时使所述计数机构计数。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述设备具有由所述致动器触发的计数机构。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述计数机构位于手柄中并且连接至所述致动器。所述计数机构具有连接至所述致动器的构件。所述计数机构具有带显示器触点(display contact)的液晶显示器。所述显示器触点在所述构件接触所述显示器触点时被激活。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述构件为可转动的。所述构件响应所述致动器的纵向运动而转动以接触所述显示器触点。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述计数机构为带有透镜的液晶显示器。所述液晶显示器显示图像。所述透镜放大所述图像。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述致动器包括开口。具有所述构件的所述计数机构具有第一臂与第二臂。所述第一臂连接至所述开口。当所述致动器向远侧方向纵向运动时,所述致动器将所述第一臂偏置且所述构件响应所述运动而转动。所述第二臂响应所述构件的转动而接触所述显示器触点。所述显示器触点在所述第二臂接触所述显示器触点时被激活。
根据本公开的又一个方案,一种将手术夹子施加于身体组织的设备具有手柄部和从所述手柄部向远侧延伸并限定纵轴的本体。该设备还具有设置在所述本体内的多个手术固定件,和邻近所述本体的远端部安装的钳口组件。所述钳口组件包括在分隔位置与接近位置之间可活动的第一及第二钳口部。所述设备还具有被配置以将手术固定件逐个向远侧推进至所述钳口组件的驱动构件。所述设备进一步还具有至少部分设置在所述本体中并响应所述手柄部的致动能够纵向活动的致动器,及被支撑在所述手柄部中且被配置以显示事件发生次数和事件发生剩余次数中的至少一个的计数装置。所述无线技术可以为WI-FI
Figure GSA00000051755600051
和/或蓝牙技术
Figure GSA00000051755600052
。所述无线技术可以为呈监控器和/或记录信息系统形式的外部电子装置。
根据本公开的又一个方案,提供一种将手术夹子施加于身体组织的设备。该设备具有手柄部、从所述手柄部向远侧延伸并限定纵轴的本体、设置在所述本体内的多个手术夹子和邻近所述本体的远端部安装的钳口组件。所述钳口组件包括可在分隔位置和接近位置之间活动的第一和第二钳口部。所述设备还具有被配置以当所述钳口部在分隔位置时将手术夹子逐个向远侧推进至所述钳口组件的夹子推进器,及至少部分设置在所述本体中并响应所述手柄部的致动能够纵向活动的致动器。该设备还具有邻近所述第一及第二钳口部定位以将所述钳口部运动至接近位置的钳口闭合构件,和被配置以与所述夹子推进器啮合以防止当多个夹子基本用尽时将手术夹施加于组织的闭锁机构。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述闭锁机构具有一构件。所述构件与所述致动器一起可纵向运动至最远侧位置。所述构件到达所述最远侧位置且所述构件啮合所述夹子推进器。所述构件防止所述夹子推进器将手术夹向远侧推进至所述钳口组件。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述设备进一步包括夹子输出器(clipfollower)。所述夹子输出器将设置在所述本体中的夹子向远侧偏置。所述闭锁机构包括一构件。所述构件可与所述致动器一起纵向运动至最远侧位置。所述构件到达所述最远侧位置且所述构件啮合所述输出器。所述构件防止所述输出器向近侧回缩。一旦所述夹子推进器回缩,所述夹子推进器啮合所述输出器。所述构件防止所述夹子推进器将所述手术夹子向远侧推进至所述钳口组件。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述构件为闭锁楔。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述构件具有至少一个构件倾斜面。所述致动器具有至少一个致动器倾斜面。随着所述致动器向近侧回缩,至少一个致动器倾斜面与所述构件倾斜面啮合。所述啮合防止所述致动器向近侧回缩至最近侧位置。
根据本公开的又一个方案,提供一种将手术夹子施加于身体组织的设备。该设备具有手柄部,和从所述手柄部向远侧延伸并限定纵轴的本体。该设备还具有设置在所述本体内的多个手术夹子,和邻近所述本体的远端部安装的钳口组件。所述钳口组件包括可在分隔位置和接近位置之间活动的第一和第二钳口部。所述设备还具有当所述钳口部在分隔位置时被配置以将手术夹子逐个向远侧推进至所述钳口组件的夹子推进器。所述设备进一步还具有至少部分设置在所述本体中并响应于所述手柄部的致动能够纵向活动的致动器。所述设备还具有邻近所述第一及第二钳口部定位以将所述钳口部运动至接近位置的钳口闭合构件,和连接至所述致动器的具有多个棘轮齿的齿板。所述设备还具有带有至少一个被配置以啮合棘轮齿的齿的棘爪。所述棘爪被偏置在所述手柄部中。随着所述致动器纵向运动,所述棘轮齿越过所述棘爪。所述棘爪被配置以防止在所述设备完全致动之前所述致动器无意的返回。所述设备还具有在所述第一及第二钳口部之间可纵向活动的楔形板。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述棘爪被爪簧偏置。所述爪簧将棘爪偏置至与所述齿板啮合。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述设备进一步包括连接至所述手柄部内侧的第一及第二柱。所述第一及第二柱被配置以支撑所述爪簧。
根据本公开的又一个方案,提供一种将手术夹子施加于身体组织的设备。该设备还具有手柄部、从所述手柄部向远侧延伸并限定纵轴的本体、设置在所述本体内的多个手术夹子和邻近所述本体的远端部安装的钳口组件。所述钳口组件包括在分隔位置与接近位置之间可活动的第一及第二钳口部。所述设备还具有被配置以当所述钳口部在分隔位置时将手术夹子逐个向远侧推进至所述钳口组件的夹子推进器,及至少部分设置在所述本体中并响应于所述手柄部的致动能够纵向活动的致动器。所述设备进一步具有邻近所述第一及第二钳口部定位以将所述钳口部运动至接近位置的钳口闭合构件。所述本体部具有外径。所述钳口组件在分隔位置具有宽度。所述宽度小于或等于所述本体的外径。
根据本公开的又一个方案,所述设备具有的本体具有一长度。所述长度适合便于在超体重手术中的使用。根据本公开的又一个方案,具有适合便于在超体重手术中使用的所述长度的设备的长度大于三十厘米。
附图说明
在此,参照附图公开了手术施夹器的特定实施例,其中:
图1为手术施夹器的立体图;
图2为图1的手术施夹器的另一个立体图;
图3为手术施夹器的钳口结构的放大立体图;
图4为手术施夹器的俯视图;
图5为手术施夹器的侧视图;
图6为除去一半本体的手术施夹器的手柄组件的侧视图;
图6A及图6B为除去一半本体的手术施夹器的手柄组件的立体图;
图6C为除去一半本体的手术施夹器的手柄组件的侧视图;
图6D为从相反侧看去除一半本体的手术施夹器的手柄组件的立体图;
图6E及图6F为根据本公开的计数装置的另一个实施例的示意图;
图6G为根据本公开的计数装置的另一个实施例的示意图;
图6H为根据本公开的计数装置的又一实施例的示意图;
图6I为描述结合有无线技术的手术施夹器的实施例的示意图;
图7为结合轴组件的施夹器的手柄的分解立体图;
图7A为驱动连杆及推杆连接的立体图;
图7B为球形柄(knob)、衬套及止动销的横向截面图;
图7C为球形柄的立体图;
图7D为外管的近端的立体图;
图7E为装配了衬套的外管的近端立体图;
图8为棘爪的立体图;
图9为齿板的立体图;
图9A为齿板的另一个立体图;
图9B及图9C为致动器板(actuator plate)从两侧看的立体图;
图9D及图9E为肘节臂从两侧看的立体图;
图9F及图9G为叉形连杆从两侧看的立体图;
图10为手术施夹器的轴组件的分解立体图;
图10A为进给杆的立体图;
图10B为输出器及手术夹子的立体图;
图10C及图10D为脱扣挡块(trip block)的相对立体图;
图10E为推杆的立体图;
图10F为图10E的细节的放大图;
图10G为图10E的细节的放大图;
图10H为示出输出器下侧的接合面的输出器的立体图;
图11为推杆的远端及驱动器的立体图;
图12为推杆上的脱扣杠杆机构及闭锁楔的立体图;
图13为楔形板及偏置弹簧的立体图;
图14及图15为填充部件(filler component)从两侧看的立体图;
图16为轴组件及旋转球形柄的立体图;
图17为过压组件的立体图;
图18为推杆及钳口组件的立体图;
图19为图18的推杆及钳口组件的细节的放大图;
图20为图18的推杆及脱扣杠杆的细节的放大图;
图21为卸去外管的手术施夹器的远端的放大图;
图22为卸去部件的手术施夹器轴组件的立体图;
图23为图22的细节的放大图;
图24为图22的细节的放大图;
图25为图22的细节的放大图;
图26为推杆、驱动器及钳口组件的立体图;
图27为图26的细节的放大图;
图28为凸轮连杆及楔形板组件的立体图;
图29为图28的细节的放大图;
图30为图29的细节的放大图;
图31为填充部件及钳口组件的立体图;
图32为图31的钳口组件的放大立体图;
图33及图34为包括楔形板及驱动器的推杆的远端的立体图;
图35为处于预发射状态的手术施夹器的侧视图,其中局部以截面图示出;
图36为图35的细节的放大图;
图37为图35的细节的放大图;
图38为图37的细节的放大图,示出脱扣杠杆;
图39为图37的细节的放大图,示出输出器;
图40为图37的细节的放大图;
图41为图40的细节的放大图;
图42为以截面图示出的图37的手术施夹器的远端的侧视图;
图42A为以截面图示出的通道上的反馈推进器及矛状件的侧视图;
图43为楔形板及钳口组件的立体图;
图44为图43的细节的放大图,示出楔形板及钳口构件;
图45为沿着线45-45的图43的俯视图;
图46为图45的细节放大图,示出钳口及楔形板;
图47为图45的细节放大图,示出楔形板及凸轮连杆;
图48为以截面图示出的手柄壳体在最初行程开始时的侧视图;
图49为图48的细节的放大图,示出齿板及棘爪;
图50与图49相似为图48的细节的放大图;
图51为以截面图示出的进给杆及脱扣杠杆的侧视图;
图52为以截面图示出的输出器的侧视图;
图53为以截面图示出的手术施夹器的内窥镜部分的侧视图;
图54为图53的细节放大图,示出推杆的运动;
图55为楔形板及填充部件的俯视图,示出凸轮连杆的运动;
图56为以截面图示出的示出推进夹子的进给杆的侧视图;
图57为楔形板及凸轮连杆向远侧运动的俯视图;
图58为以截面图示出的示出柔性支腿凸轮运动出楔形板窗口的运动的侧视图;
图59为以截面图示出的示出夹子进入钳口的侧视图;
图60为凸轮连杆及楔形板运动的又一俯视图;
图61为以截面图示出的柔性支腿及楔形板分离的侧视图;
图62为楔形板进入钳口结构的俯视图;
图63为示出楔形板凸轮运动打开钳口结构的立体图;
图64为示出楔形板中凸轮连杆进一步推进的俯视图;
图65为以截面图示出的示出脱扣杠杆与进给杆啮合的侧视图;
图66为以截面图示出的示出推杆使柔性支腿凸轮运动与楔形板分离的侧视图;
图67为以截面图示出的示出进给杆将夹子装载入钳口结构的侧视图;
图68为以截面图示出的示出通过脱扣挡块使脱扣杠杆凸轮运动与进给杆分离的侧视图;
图69为以截面图示出的示出楔形板及进给杆的回缩的侧视图;
图69A为示出了去除一半本体的初始致动的立体图;
图70为以截面图示出的示出推杆的进一步推进的侧视图;
图71为以截面图示出的示出楔形板的回缩及杆的进一步推进的侧视图;
图72为楔形板从钳口结构回缩的立体图;
图73为以截面图示出的推杆与驱动器啮合且卡齿牵开器(latch retractor)与推杆啮合的侧视图;
图74为扳机在全行程时手柄壳体的侧视图;
图75为图74的细节的放大图,棘爪离开齿板上的齿;
图76为以截面图示出的驱动器凸轮带动钳口围绕手术夹子闭合的侧视图;
图77至图79为驱动器凸轮带动钳口围绕手术夹子闭合的顺序图;
图80为以截面图示出的包括冲击弹簧的过压机构的侧视图;
图81为形成在脉管上的手术夹子的立体图;
图82为棘爪重置的细节的放大图;
图83为以截面图示出的示出卡齿牵开器重置的侧视图;
图84为以截面图示出的示出推杆回缩的侧视图;及
图85及图86为示出凸轮连杆在楔形板中重置的俯视图;
图87示出输出器与矛状件啮合的手术施夹器的远端的侧视图;
图88为部分以截面图示出的闭锁楔与推杆啮合的侧视图;以及
图89为棘爪与齿板在闭锁状态下的放大图。
具体实施方式
本申请公开一种新颖的内窥镜手术施夹器,其具有钳口控制机构,钳口控制机构被配置以在手术夹子插入期间使手术施夹器的钳口维持在分隔及稳定位置。应当注意的是,虽然所公开的钳口控制机构示出及描述为在内窥镜手术施夹器中,但是所公开的钳口控制机构可应用于任何手术施夹器或具有一对可压缩钳口的其他器械。
现在参照图1至图5,手术施夹器10通常包括手柄组件12及内窥镜部,内窥镜部包括从手柄组件12向远侧延伸的细长管状构件14。手柄组件12由塑性材料形成而细长管状构件14由例如不锈钢的生物适合性材料形成。手术施夹器10的细长管状构件14可以根据预期的用途而具有不同的外径,例如外径为5mm或10mm。而且,细长管状构件根据预期的用途,例如在超体重手术中,可以具有不同的延长或缩短的长度。在一个实施例中,细长管状构件14在超体重手术中可以具有超出30厘米的长度。在超体重手术的优选实施例中,细长管状构件14的长度为33厘米。在另一个优选的实施例中,用于超体重手术的细长管状构件14的长度为37厘米。在又一个优选的实施例中,用于超体重手术的细长管状构件14的长度为40厘米,然而本领域技术人员应该理解外部管状构件14可以具有超出30厘米的任意的长度且本公开不限定于上述任意一个实施例。一对钳口16安装在细长管状构件14的远端并由可活动地安装在手柄组件12中的扳机18致动。钳口16也由例如不锈钢或钛的生物适合性材料形成。特别的,在一些实施例中,当钳口16处于彼此相对打开的状态时,钳口16的最大宽度尺寸小于或等于细长管状构件14的外径,以在打开状态下通过套管或身体中的其他部分插入。这对于10mm的施夹器是特别适用的。钳口16安装为它们相对于细长管状构件14是纵向不动的。球形柄20可转动地安装在手柄组件12的远端,并且固定在细长管状构件14上来为细长管状构件14及钳口16提供围绕其纵轴的360度的转动。目前参照图3,钳口16限定槽道22用于在其中容纳手术夹子。
如图2及图4最佳所示,窗口200设置在手柄组件12中以观察指示器,指示器例如为与手柄组件12相关联的计数机构。
现在参照图6至图7,显示了施夹器10的手柄组件12。手柄组件12包括通过叉形连杆204连接至扳机18的纵向可运动的齿板202。销206被设置以将叉形连杆204连接至齿板202。齿板202被设置用于响应扳机18的致动而推进钳口16之间的手术夹子并使钳口16之间的手术夹子弯曲。齿板202通过位于齿板202与安装在壳体12中的轴颈36中的衬套210之间的复位弹簧208而被偏置至近侧位置。
为了防止在手术器械10完全致动之前扳机18及齿板202的无意复位,棘爪212可活动地安装在爪销214上。棘爪212与齿板202按照下述将更详细讨论的方式啮合。爪簧216设置在弹簧柱218之间以将棘爪212偏置与齿板202啮合。
目前参照图8,棘爪212包括用于将棘爪212安装在爪销214上的棘爪孔220。棘爪212还包括按照下述的方式与齿板202啮合的棘爪齿222。
参照图7、图9及图9A,齿板202通常包括用于通过销206将齿板202连接至叉形连杆204的齿板孔224。齿板202还包括齿板齿226,齿板齿226与棘爪齿222可啮合以限制齿板202在手柄组件12中的纵向运动。齿板202还设置有远侧凹槽228及近侧凹槽230。凹槽228及230被设置以当齿板202反向朝近侧运动时,允许棘爪212反向并在齿板202上返回。远侧钩232设置在齿板202上以按照下述的方式使得齿板202与各种驱动机构啮合。因此,扳机18的致动会驱动叉形连杆204,从而通过叉形连杆204并且对抗复位弹簧208的偏置来将齿板202向远侧驱动。
目前参照图9F及图9G,如上所述,叉形连杆204被设置以将扳机18连接至齿板202。特别地,叉形连杆204包括与扳机18上的柱(未示出)可啮合的钩扣适配端或闭锁结构件(locking feature)234。形成在叉形连杆204的相对端处的孔236被设置以安装在齿板销206上。狭槽238设置在叉形连杆204中使得叉形连杆204从其两侧支撑齿板202。包括扳机18及叉形连杆204的连杆机构提供较大机械优势,同时最小化连杆机构在手柄组件12中占用的空间。球形柄20包括可转动地安装在壳体12中的轴颈36中的凸缘34。
现在参照图6A及图6B,如上所述,手柄组件12在其近端设置有显示与手柄组件12相关联的指示器机构的窗口200。从而,设置有新颖的计数机构240,其被设置以提供关于已经发射的夹子的数量或仍在手术器械10中的夹子的数量的指示。计数机构240通过致动器242被触发,致动器242经由可枢转地安装至手柄组件12的肘节臂244与手柄组件12关联。计数机构240通常包括计数器246,计数器246具有响应于扳机18的致动而由肘节臂244脱扣或致动的诸如叶片弹簧、接触器、按钮等的致动结构件(actuation feature)248。透镜250被设置在计数器246与计数器窗口200之间以在操作期间保护计数器246或提高字母-数字数码的放大倍率。计数器246可以为液晶显示器(LCD)、发光二极管(LED)或模拟/机械类型。计数器246还可以包括印刷电路板、电池及背光或发光显示器。计数器246可以被配置以从最初设置在手术器械10中的手术夹子的总数量递减计数来指示剩下的夹子的数量。可选地,计数器246能够从0计数至已经发射夹子的总数。一个期望的计数器246为可从Golden View Display公司获得的LCD计数器模块。计数器246可以为本领域中公知的提供事件指示的任意装置。该事件可以与施夹器10的程序或操作相关。在优选的实施例中,计数器246可以为不同类型的液晶显示器。然而,在另一实施例中,显示器可以为一个或更多发光二极管、发光显示器、多彩显示器、数字显示器、模拟显示器、被动式显示器、主动式显示器、所谓“扭转向列”显示器、所谓“超扭转向列”显示器、“双重扫描”显示器、反射式显示器、背光式显示器、字母数字显示器、黑白显示器、所谓“低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管”或者LPTS TFT显示器、或者指示与程序或施夹器10相关的参数、信息或者图像的任意其他显示器。在一个实施例中,显示器为液晶显示器或“LCD”。LCD可以为向外科医生显示施夹器10的一种或更多参数的黑白或彩色显示器。在一个实施例中,所显示的参数可以为剩余夹子的数量、已使用夹子的数量、位置参数、手术使用时间或者其他任意关于程序的参数。
目前参照图9B及图9C,现在将描述致动器242的具体结构。如上所述,致动器242被配置以响应扳机18的运动使计数机构240进行计数,因此致动器242包括被配置以围绕贯穿齿板202及叉形连杆204的销206定位的驱动狭槽252。驱动狭槽252允许在销206啮合致动器242之前手术器械10被致动穿过预定的行程长度。连接狭槽254被设置以啮合肘节臂244上相应的销,以使肘节臂244相对计数器246偏置。为了防止致动器242在手柄组件12中回缩运动期间致动器242的挠曲或摆动,致动器242设置有一对抓手(finger)256,抓手256被配置以沿着形成在手柄组件12中的壳体导轨258行进(图6B)。挡片(tab)260(图6C及图6D)被设置在致动器242上以按照下面详细介绍的方式啮合复位弹簧。
目前参照图9D及图9E,计数器杠杆244(counter lever)包括枢转地安装入壳体组件12的柱262。肘节臂244的第一端包括与致动器242中的连接狭槽254可啮合的销264,从而使得致动器242在壳体组件12中的纵向运动使计数器杠杆244围绕螺柱(stub)262作枢轴运动。肘节臂244的相反端包括接触杆268,接触杆268被配置以啮合并压下计数器246上的计数器按钮248,从而以使计数器246数字上增或减的多种预定模式使计数器246触发或递变(increment)。
在图6B至图6D中更好地示出了安装在手柄组件中的计数机构240、致动器242及计数器杠杆244的不同部件的布局。先参照图6B,为简明起见,其中齿板202已经卸去,可以看到致动器242的抓手256沿着形成在手柄组件12中的壳体导轨258行进。与叉形连杆204关联的销206在驱动狭槽252中行进(ride)。在致动器242的近端处,计数器杠杆244上的销264被设置在连接狭槽254中。
现在参照图6C及图6D,为了使计数器杠杆244在扳机18触发之前保持不与计数机构240啮合,设置了与致动器242上的挡片260可啮合的压力弹簧270。压力弹簧270的相反端与形成在手柄组件12壳体的相对面上的相应的凸起啮合以将致动器242朝最近侧方向偏置。
参照图6E至图6H,根据本公开的可选实施例,设备10可以设置有数字计数装置300。数字计数装置300被配置以警告外科/内科医生在手术程序期间出现的手术任务、性能、结果等数字或类型的变化。在实施例中,可以考虑到数字计数装置300可以连接至用于监控和显示各种各样的远程装置和/或患者数据的监视器及中央处理单元(未示出)。
数字计数装置300可以包括与手柄组件12相关联并且对外科医生可见的的指示机构302。指示机构302可以为LCD计数器,用于数字地显示文字数字或者其他期望的图形、艺术字(art)、图标等。数字计数装置300可以包括传感器304,传感器304用于监控设备10的例如其部件的运动的事件。传感器304和LCD计数器被连接至电源,例如任意类型的电池、AC/DC连接器或其他公知的电源。
可以通过多种不同的形式完成LCD计数器的循环,例如机械的、无线的、光学的或上述任意的组合。如图6F所示,传感器304可以为光传感器,当例如手术施夹器的夹子完成成形时,光传感器使LCD计数器光学地循环和/或递变式改变(incremently change)。光传感器可以包括产生在检测器310上显示的持续红外光束308的电子眼或者光纤导线306,使得红外光束308或者红外光束308的中断可以转换成电子信号。
操作中,红外光束308被物理障碍,例如被设备10的部件(例如夹子、驱动构件、推进器构件、扳机机构)打断,阻止图像检测器310检测光束308的存在。此时,传感器304触发LCD计数器以改变或循环。数字计数装置可以被配置以递增计算(count up)已使用夹子的数量或递减计算(countdown)剩余夹子的数量,或以其他方式改变显示。然后,只要物理障碍被除去,图像检测器310再次检测到红外光束,从而完成红外光束连接以便为下一次序重设LCD计数器。
可选地,如图6H所示,光导线306和/或检测器310可以被可运动地支撑在设备10中或者设备10的可动构件上,使得在设备10的发射期间,使光导线306和检测器310相对彼此移动和/或倾斜从而不重合,使得光导线306的光束308无法击中检测器310。
使数字计数装置循环的另一种方法是通过使用无线操作。如图6G所示,传感器可以使用任何形式的无线技术以传送信息而不使用电导体或导线。射频(RF);WI-FI
Figure GSA00000051755600151
(Wi-Fi Alliance,Austin TX),其是基于电气电子工程师协会(IEEE)802.11标准的无线局域网(WLAN);蓝牙技术
Figure GSA00000051755600152
(Bluetooth SIG,Inc.,Bellevue WA),其是工作于免授权的2.4GHz至2.485GHz的工业科学医学(ISM)频段中的短距离通信技术、使用扩展频谱、频率跳变、全双工信号理论频率为1600hops/sec;红外光;激光;或者可以从设置在或未设置在设备300中的发射器312发送至设置在或未设置在设备300中的接受器314的微波通信,以使LCD计数器循环或与LCD计数器通信。使用中,通信链路经由已建立的发射源被建立至LCD计数器。来自发射源的信息被转换为电信号,引起在LCD计数器上的显示循环或递变式改变。
如图6I所示,无线技术可以包括在手术施夹器10外部或者远离手术施夹器10的电子装置。例如,无线技术可以包括至少一个监视器322用于显示操作的参数和/或手术施夹器10的参数,和/或至少一个记录信息系统324用于存储和/或升级整个手术程序中的操作的参数和/或手术施夹器的参数。
下面介绍与施夹器10相关的不同部件及机构的结合。
参照图10,包括止动销50的衬套48被设置以将衬套210固定至球形柄20。驱动连杆272被连接至齿板202(图6及图7)使得驱动连杆272的近端啮合齿板202。尤其是,齿板202的远侧钩232啮合驱动连杆272的近端中的狭槽274。包括冲击弹簧56的过压机构围绕外管14设置,位于衬套48和球形柄20之间且被收纳或容纳在球形柄20的孔内,以在器械按照下面详述的方式致动期间防止钳口16的过压。驱动连杆272延伸入球形柄20的孔58中。
位于细长管状构件14的近端的凸缘邻接衬套48的近端(图7D及图7E)。
继续参照图10,为了致动不同的部件,设置了致动机构或推杆60,致动机构或推杆60安装为用于纵向运动穿过细长管状构件14。推杆60包括在其近端处的凸起物62,凸起物62与在推动连杆272的远端上的凹槽276可啮合。通过将推杆60的凸起物62定位在推动连杆272的凹槽276中(图7A),推杆60能够独立于推动连杆272和推杆60的纵向运动与外管组件一起转动。如图7B最佳所示,衬套48位于球形柄20内且通过止动销50固定在其中。
目前参照图7C和图7E,衬套48设置有用于定位的一对相对的纵向肋条278,纵向肋条278安装在球形柄20中相应的狭槽280中。
现在参照图7D和图7E,可以看出形成在衬套48的近端的内表面上的翼片282,其被配置以与外管14上相应的剪切块(cutout)284啮合。因此,外管14可以响应球形柄20的转动而转动。
参照图10,包括驱动器66及滑动接头68的凸轮机构从推杆60的远端延伸出以使得闭合的钳口16围绕手术夹子凸轮运动(cam)。
施夹器10被配置以保持多个用于施加到组织的手术夹子。施夹器10包括被配置以保持多个手术夹子72及将手术夹子72传送至钳口16的细长槽道构件70。应该理解的是,槽道构件70及钳口16不能相对细长管状构件14纵向运动。输出器74被弹簧76偏置以在槽道构件70中将手术夹子72向远侧推动。槽道罩78覆盖在槽道70上以保持和引导其中的弹簧76及手术夹子72。鼻状物80被设置在槽道罩78的远端以协助引导手术夹子72进入钳口16。
供给机构包括供给杆82,供给杆82被设置用于相对槽道罩78纵向运动以将各个夹子72推进入钳口16。具有导引销86和进给杆弹簧88的脱扣挡块84邻近槽道罩78的近端设置,以将进给杆82沿近侧方向偏置。特别地,导引销86的近端90与进给杆82下侧的钩92互连且穿过脱扣挡块84中的狭槽94。(还参照图10)为了使推杆60移动进给杆82,推杆60设置有脱扣杠杆96及偏置弹簧98。脱扣杠杆96与进给杆82的近端可按照下面详细描述的方式啮合。
本公开的施夹器10的显著的优点为设置有楔形板100,楔形板100被配置为:其在手术施夹器10致动期间被推入钳口16,并当接收手术夹子72时将钳口16保持在分隔状态。穿过楔形板100形成的凸轮狭槽136(图13,以下将详细描述)及安装在细长管状构件14中的填充部件102与设置在推杆60上的凸轮连杆104连接协作,以相对填充部件102及钳口16移动楔形板100。填充部件102位于钳口16的正后方,并且相对细长管状构件14不运动。
转至图10A,如上所述,进给杆82被设置以将手术夹子72运动入钳口16。进给杆82被推杆60上的脱扣杠杆96驱动。(参照图10。)特别地,进给杆82设置有狭长窗口106,狭长窗口106被配置以当推杆60被向远侧驱动时被脱扣杠杆96啮合。进给杆82还包括用于接收如下述的闭锁结构的窗口286。为了便于夹子插入钳口16,进给杆82在其远端设置有推进器108,推进器108被配置以将单独的夹子72推出夹子72的列并进入钳口16。如图10B所示,输出器74位于夹子的列的后侧以通过手术施夹器10推进夹子72。如图10H所示,输出器74包括用于与位于夹子槽道70远端的更远的闭锁结构啮合的接合面288。
参照图10C,如上所述,脱扣挡块84包括狭槽94以容纳进给杆82的钩92。如图10D最佳所示,为了使脱扣杠杆96脱开窗口106进而脱开进给杆82,脱扣挡块84设置有倾斜面110,倾斜面110被配置以啮合脱扣杠杆96及使脱扣杠杆96从进给杆82的窗口106中脱开。
现在参照图10E至图10G,下面将介绍推杆60的各种特征。图10E中示出独立于其他部件的推杆60的立体图。具体参照图10F,在近端,推杆60包括用于在其近端连接脱扣杠杆96的枢轴点112。另外,凸起物114设置在推杆60中,用于连接偏置弹簧98以将脱扣杠杆96偏置与进给杆82的窗口106啮合。设置倾斜面290以将推杆60与闭锁结构啮合,并防止在最后一个夹子发射之后推杆完全的收回。参照图10G,在远端,推杆60设置有用于固定凸轮连杆104的凸起物116。附加地,推杆60设置有隆起结构件(raisedfeature)118,隆起结构件功能为使填充部件102从楔形板100按照下面详述的方式脱开。
参照图11,推杆60被设置以将驱动器66推进与钳口16啮合以使钳口16在手术夹子已经定位在钳口16中之后围绕手术夹子闭合。滑动接头68的远端120处于驱动器66的凹槽122中。滑动接头68的近端凸起124在推杆60远端中的纵向狭槽126中行进。纵向狭槽126的长度允许推杆60在啮合驱动器66及纵向移动驱动器66以使钳口16围绕夹子72闭合之前运动预定纵向距离。卡齿牵开器128整体成形在滑动接头68的狭槽130中,以便在楔形板100已经被按照下面详述的方式向近侧收回后允许驱动器66被朝远侧驱动。
参照图12,施夹器10设置有新颖的闭锁结构以防止最后一个夹子72发送之后施夹器10的致动。施夹器10包括闭锁楔292,闭锁楔292可活动地装在推杆60中的槽道294中。闭锁楔292包括被配置以相对推杆60上的倾斜面290凸轮运动的倾斜面296。隆起的凸起298与进给杆82中的窗口286紧密配合以在其纵向运动期间将闭锁楔292固定至进给杆82。
现在参照图13,将详细描述楔形板100。如上所述,设置楔形板100以在手术夹子72装载在钳口16中期间将钳口16偏置并保持在分隔状态。另外,楔形板100的存在为钳口16提供了稳定性以防止钳口16在装载手术夹子72期间挠曲。如所示,楔形板100包括远端头134,远端头134被配置以啮合钳口16并使钳口16凸轮运动而打开并将钳口16保持在分隔状态。另外,楔形板100包括凸轮狭槽136,凸轮狭槽136被配置为与安装在推杆60上的凸轮连杆104配合以按照下面详述的方式控制楔形板100的运动。而且,远侧窗口138及近侧窗口140分别被设置以啮合填充部件102上的柔性结构。偏置弹簧142设置在底座(mount)144上以将楔形板100在细长管状构件14内大体朝近侧偏置。最后,止挡件146被配置以啮合填充部件102上相应的结构。
现在参照图14及图15,将描述填充部件102的不同的方案。填充部件102包括柔性支腿152,柔性支腿152被配置以啮合楔形板100中的远侧窗口138及近侧窗口140。填充部件102还包括被配置以接收凸轮连杆104的一部分的狭长凸轮狭槽148。分离棱边150设置在凸轮狭槽148中以利于凸轮连杆104从楔形板100中的凸轮狭槽136中分离。另外,填充部件102还包括用于与楔形板100上的舌片146(图13)啮合的止挡件154,以限制楔形板100向近侧的回缩,还包括纵向凹槽156以容纳楔形板100的一段长度的复位弹簧142。
图16及图17图示了冲击弹簧56相对转动球形柄20的位置。如上所述,冲击弹簧56被设置为过压机构以防止在手术夹子72按照与手术施夹器10的操作相关的下面将详细描述的方式弯曲期间钳口16的过压。过压机构被设计以防止外科医生使用扳机18时扳过头从而最终防止钳口16的损坏。
参照图18至图20,卸去细长管状构件14来示出推杆60及相关的驱动部件。特别地,参照图19,进给杆82的推进器108延伸穿过鼻状物80中的狭槽158以啮合手术夹子72。相似的,如图20所示,在推杆60的近端,脱扣杠杆96延伸穿过进给杆82中的窗口106。在此位置,脱扣杠杆96能够啮合狭槽106的边缘以将进给杆82沿着推杆60向远侧驱动穿过细长管状构件14。闭锁楔292在推杆60中的槽道294中为纵向可运动的。在闭锁楔上的凸起298与进给杆82中的窗口286紧密配合。
参照图21,与图19相似,然而,已经卸去鼻状物80以示出推进器108啮合位于槽道70中的手术夹子72。T状翼片300设置在槽道70上以保持槽道罩78与鼻状物80牢牢地固定至槽道70。
现在参照图22,卸去进给杆82以示出推杆60及相关联部件。
参照图23,示出了位于槽道70中的用于供给至在推杆60远端的钳口16的多个夹子72。夹子72纵向排列在槽道70中。固位指71设置在槽道70的远端以限制槽道70中的一叠夹子72直至夹子72被进给杆82推入钳口16。槽道70上的矛状件(lance)302被配置以啮合进给杆82上的接合面288。
参照图24,示出了装配了输出器74及输出器弹簧76的推杆60的中段部分。如所述,弹簧76将输出器74相对于推杆60向远侧偏置。
参照图25,示出了装配了脱扣杠杆96与偏置弹簧98的推杆60,脱扣杠杆96被偏置弹簧98向上偏置到最上方位置。闭锁楔292位于槽道294中。
参照图26及图27,示出装配了驱动器66的推杆60的与钳口16相对的一侧。如上所述,驱动器66被配置以使钳口16凸轮运动以围绕手术夹闭合。因此,钳口16包括倾斜凸轮面160用于容纳驱动器66的相应的凸轮面184(图34)。钳口16近端中的凹处187(图31)限制驱动器66的回缩。特别地,滑动接头68的凸起186啮合钳口16的凹处187(参照图31及图34)。
参照图28至图30,将描述槽道70、脱扣挡块84、楔形板100及填充部件102的相对装配位置。首先参照图29及图30,填充部件102位于槽道70上。填充部件102的近端邻近位于槽道70上的止挡件162。楔形板100以所示的方式位于填充部件102上方。如图30最佳所示,填充部件102包括具有形成在凸轮狭槽148中的分离棱边150的凸轮狭槽148。相似地,楔形板100包括凸轮狭槽136。如上所述,凸轮连杆104被设置为连接到推杆60(未示出)以将楔形板100向远侧驱动。为了便于驱动楔形板100,凸轮连杆104设置有凸轮连杆凸块164,凸轮连杆凸块164在楔形板100及填充部件102相应的凸轮狭槽136和148中行进。随着凸轮连杆104被相对于楔形板100向远侧推进,凸轮连杆凸块164啮合楔形板100的驱动棱边166以将楔形板100向远侧驱动。在之后描述的方式中,只要凸轮连杆104且尤其是凸轮连杆凸块164啮合填充部件102的分离棱边150,则凸轮连杆凸块164凸轮运动而脱离与驱动棱边166的啮合。
参照图30,填充部件102设置有柔性支腿152,柔性支腿152在楔形板100相应的远侧窗口138与近侧窗口140之间为可活动的。为了使柔性支腿152凸轮运动离开近侧窗口或远侧窗口中的一个,在柔性支腿152上设置凸轮面168,凸轮面168响应楔形板100相对于填充部件102的相对运动使柔性支腿152凸轮运动出窗口。
如上所述,钳口16被设置以接收及弯曲位于其中的手术夹子72。参照图31及图32,钳口16通常包括固定在基座172上的一对柔性支腿170。钳口构件16a及16b位于柔性支腿170的远端。一对锁臂174从基座172向远侧延伸并且终止于翼片176。翼片176被配置以啮合细长管14(图10)上的相应的孔177而将钳口16固定至细长管14。钳口16包括用于容纳手术夹子72的槽道22。如所示,填充部件102设置在钳口16的正后方,并且与钳口16一样,填充部件102不会相对于外部管状构件14纵向运动。
目前参照图32,钳口16被配置以容纳楔形板100,从而使得在手术夹子插入钳口16期间楔形板100的远端头134用于最初分离钳口部16a及16b并将钳口部维持在分离且对准配置。如上所述,当手术夹子72装载在钳口部中时这样防止钳口16a相对于钳口16b的任何扭曲或挠曲。柔性支腿170中的每一个包括凸轮边缘178(参照图44和图63)以将楔形板100的远端头134引导到钳口16中。
参照图33,示出了楔形板100位于推杆60上使得卡齿牵开器128延伸穿过楔形板100中的狭槽182。如图34所示,卸去楔形板100,可以看到驱动器66的远端设置有凸轮面184。凸轮面184与钳口16上的凸轮面160配合(参照图27),以响应驱动器66相对于钳口16的纵向运动而与钳口16一起凸轮运动。滑动接头68上的凸起186延伸穿过楔形板100中的狭槽188以限制滑动接头68相对于钳口16的回缩。
下面将描述手术施夹器10在例如血管的目标组织周围弯曲手术夹的操作。参照图35和图36,扳机18通常与齿板202一起为未压缩状态,因此推杆60被复位弹簧208偏置至最近侧位置。另外,致动器242处于最近侧位置使计数器杠杆244保持与计数器246分离。棘爪212位于齿板202上的远侧凹槽228中。如图37至图42及最初参照的图38最佳所示,在未发射状态,脱扣杠杆96由推杆60承载,被偏置弹簧98向上偏置,与进给杆82中的狭槽邻近并接触。脱扣挡块84在相对于脱扣杠杆96的远侧位置。固定至进给杆82的闭锁楔在近侧位置。
参照图39,输出器74被弹簧76向远侧偏置,使得夹子72向远侧方向被偏置。
参照图40,推杆60和进给杆82与被偏置至向上位置的卡齿牵开器128一起为不动的。
参照图41,填充部件102的柔性支腿152在楔形板100的远侧窗口138中。推杆60上的隆起结构件118在柔性支腿152的近侧。
如图42最佳示出的,在手术施夹器10的远端,当静止于未发射状态时,楔形板100及进给杆82在相对钳口16的最近侧位置。推进器108在矛状件302的远端(图42A)。
图43至图47示出了楔形板100、钳口16及填充部件102的初始静止位置。
首先参照图43和图44,如所示,楔形板100处于相对于钳口16的最近侧位置。如图43所示,柔性支腿152在楔形板100的远侧窗口138中,而凸轮连杆104在相对于楔形板100中的凸轮狭槽136的最近侧位置。
如图45与图46最佳所示,楔形板100在相对于钳口16的最近侧位置,远端头134在钳口16的凸轮边缘178的近侧。
参照图47,楔形板100在相对于填充部件102的最近侧位置,使得楔形板100的驱动棱边166在填充部件102的分离棱边150的近侧。
参照图48,为了初始致动施夹器10,扳机18被移动,通过最初悬挂的叉形连杆204将齿板202向远侧驱动,从而将推杆60向远侧驱动。当销206移动穿过致动器242中的驱动狭槽252时,致动器242保持在最近侧位置。目前参照图50,如果扳机18在该点被释放,则齿板齿226将阻止棘爪齿222向近侧运动,从而防止了扳机18的释放和手术施夹器10部分的或无意部分的致动。
在初始行程期间,推杆60运动预定距离。关于图51,随着推杆60被向远侧驱动初始距离,脱扣杠杆96啮合进给杆82的狭长窗口106并将进给杆82向远侧移动相似的距离。闭锁楔292被进给杆82向远侧带动。如图42和图51所示,当进给杆82被向远侧驱动且夹子72被驱动入钳口16时,由于弹簧76的偏置,输出器74向远侧运动以将一叠手术夹子72向远侧推进。
参照图49,随着齿板202向远侧运动,棘爪212顺时针转动使得棘爪齿222移出远侧凹槽228并开始与齿板齿226啮合。
参照图53与图54,随着推杆60和进给杆82向远侧运动,推杆60将凸轮连杆104向远侧驱动初始距离,使得凸轮连杆104上的凸轮连杆凸块164啮合楔形板100。如所示,填充部件102的柔性支腿152位于楔形板100的最远侧窗口138中。
如图55所示,随着凸轮连杆104与推杆60一起向远侧运动,凸轮连杆凸块164啮合楔形板100上的驱动棱边166以将楔形板100相对于填充部件102向远侧推进。
参照图56,随着进给杆82向远侧运动,进给杆82远端的推进器108啮合夹子72并开始将夹子72推进入钳口16。明显的,在该点,推杆60还没有与驱动器66接触,从而防止在手术夹子72完全插入之前钳口16的压缩。
再次参照图55,随着手术施夹器10被致动穿过第二预定距离,凸轮连杆104上的凸轮凸块164继续向远侧驱动楔形板100,且柔性支腿152被凸轮面168凸轮运动出远侧窗口138并凸轮运动入近侧窗口140,以使楔形板100与填充部件102啮合。如图57和图58所示,在该点,进给杆82、楔形板100、推杆60、夹子72和输出器74(图52)全部沿最远侧方向运动。
参照图59,进给杆82继续相对手术夹子72推进进给杆82远端的推进器108,以将夹子72推进入钳口16。保留在槽道70中的手术夹子72被输出器74(图52)沿远侧方向偏置,且楔形板100(图54)继续向远侧运动而驱动器66相对于细长管状构件14保持静止。
参照图60,随着推杆60进一步移动,如图60箭头最佳所示,凸轮连杆104的凸轮凸块164通过在填充部件102中形成的分离棱边150凸轮运动而脱开与楔形板100的驱动棱边166的啮合。在进一步预定距离行程期间,填充部件102的柔性支腿152扣入楔形板100的近侧窗口140中,从而防止楔形板100从其最远侧位置的回缩。
如图61所示,柔性支腿152位于楔形板100的近侧窗口140中,从而防止楔形板100回缩,而进给杆82和推杆60继续沿如箭头所示方向向远侧运动。
如图62与图63所示,楔形板100的远端头134通过与钳口构件16a及16b中的凸轮面178啮合而促使钳口构件16a及16b分开。如上所示,通过将楔形板100定位在钳口构件16a及16b的凸轮面178中,楔形板100不仅将钳口16分开以适当的容纳手术夹子72,而且附加地防止每一个单独的钳口构件16a及16b相对彼此挠曲,从而阻止当夹子72插入钳口16时夹子72的任何扭曲。
参照图64,如上所述,柔性支腿152防止楔形板100向近端回缩,同时凸轮连杆104继续推进穿过填充部件102的狭槽148和楔形板100的狭槽136(图64)。
如图65最佳所示,随着推杆60继续向远侧运动所述行程,脱扣杠杆96被与推杆60一起向远侧推进直至脱扣杠杆96啮合脱扣挡块84的凸轮面110(参照图10D)。随着脱扣挡块84的凸轮面110(图10D)被推进抵住脱扣杠杆96,脱扣杠杆96将被凸轮运动脱离与进给杆82的狭长窗口106的啮合,由于进给杆弹簧88(参照图10)的偏置允许进给杆82返回至近侧位置。
目前参照图66,随着推杆60继续运动穿过其行程,推杆60上的隆起结构件118开始使柔性支腿152凸轮运动出楔形板100的近侧窗口140,使得楔形板100能够在之前缩回,且使得手术夹子72在钳口16之间弯曲。这些在图67中最佳示出,其中进给杆82已经完全将夹子72插入钳口16中,且楔形板100已经回缩至最近侧位置。
图68示出了脱扣杠杆96被脱扣挡块84的凸轮面110凸轮运动脱开与进给杆82的啮合,且克服偏置弹簧98的偏置,使得进给杆82与脱扣杠杆96分开且进给杆82能够开始向近侧回缩。如所示,在图69中,当楔形板100回缩而夹子72插入钳口16时,进给杆82的推进器108被回缩至下一个最远侧夹子72后侧的近侧位置。
参照图69A,随着扳机18被继续压缩,致动器242上的驱动狭槽252中的销206向远侧推进,直至销206啮合驱动狭槽252的远端304。此后,随着扳机18被进一步压缩,销206使致动器242向远侧运动。肘节臂244上的销264在连接狭槽254中顺时针转动,从而将肘节臂244上的接触臂268向致动结构件248驱动。
参照图70,脱扣杠杆96被脱扣挡块84上的凸轮面110完全凸轮运动向下,且推杆60继续向远侧运动穿过另一预定行程。
目前参照图71,由于楔形板100向近侧回缩而推杆60继续向远侧运动,填充部件102上的柔性支腿152扣入楔形板100的远侧窗口138。如图72中所示,楔形板100被回缩至相对钳口16的近侧位置。
参照图73,当卡齿牵开器128相对推杆60向下凸轮运动时,推杆60已经向远侧运动了预定的距离。推杆60现在啮合驱动器66,推杆60的活动向远侧推动驱动器66。驱动器66牵引滑动接头68且同时滑动接头68向远侧机械地牵引卡齿牵开器128,使得卡齿牵开器128的凸轮面向下至钳口衬垫172的下侧并使得卡齿牵开器128与推杆60的狭槽126啮合。
参照图74和图75,随着扳机18被完全压缩以将推杆60驱动至最远侧位置,当扳机18完成压缩且夹子72完全成形时,参照图74,计数器杠杆完全顺时针转动,驱动缓冲器268抵住计数器按钮248,从而使计数器246显示的数字递变。
如上所述,在计数器246中示出的数字的递变可以是从最初手术缝合器中所含手术夹子72的全部量减少,或者可以是递增计算以显示已由手术器械10发射的夹子的数量。
参照图75,在手术器械10完全发射时,棘爪齿222与齿板齿226分开并留在近端凹槽230中。显著的,推杆60的完整行程需要将夹子72从最初位置带至完全插入钳口16的位置。当推杆60运动穿过其最远侧位置时,其使驱动器66按照上述方式运动以弯曲手术夹子72。例如,参照图76至图79,驱动器66相对钳口16a及16b上的凸轮面160向远侧推进,使得驱动器66上的凸轮面184使钳口16a及16b凸轮运动,从而闭合在其间保持的手术夹子72。
目前参照图80,设置安全机构以防止扳过头状态,因此防止夹子72过压而损坏组织、钳口16或驱动器66。如果扳机18被继续挤压超过期望的用于夹子72完全形成的行程,冲击弹簧56压在球形柄20与衬套48之间限定的空间,从而防止推杆60的进一步向远侧的运动。
图81示出在血管V周围形成的完全成形的夹子。
参照图82,当扳机18被释放(未示出),现在棘爪212克服爪簧216的偏置逆时针转动,使得棘爪齿222沿齿板齿226行进以重置手柄组件。如图83所示,当驱动器66回缩时,卡齿牵开器128再次向上偏置入其最上侧位置,从而重置驱动机构。
参照图84至图86,随着推杆60回缩,推杆60的隆起结构件118运动经过填充部件102中的柔性支腿152。应该理解为,当楔形板100已经完全缩回时楔形板100不会活动。随着推杆60缩回,推杆60将楔形板100中狭槽136与填充部件102中狭槽148中的凸轮连杆104向近侧牵动至其最初位置。如图86最佳所示,在该位置,施夹器10再次处于最初位置以重新发射并因此将另一个夹子附着至血管。
现在参照图87至图89,首先参照图87,只要所有手术夹子72被从手术施夹器10中发射出,输出器74在最远侧位置使得接合面288啮合槽道70上的矛状件302,从而锁住或防止输出器74的向近侧的缩回。如所示,进给杆82上的推进器108在缩回时啮合输出器74并且楔在鼻状物80与输出器74之间使得进给杆82不能向近侧缩回。
如图88所示,由于进给杆82被限制在最远侧位置,固定至进给杆82的闭锁楔292也被限制在最远侧位置。因此,当推杆60试图向近侧缩回时,闭锁楔292上的倾斜面296啮合推杆60上的倾斜面290,从而防止推杆60的进一步缩回。
参照图89,因为推杆60不能向近侧完全缩回,所以齿板202不能向近侧完全缩回。齿板齿226啮合棘爪齿222并防止棘爪212向回转动入远端凹槽228,从而防止施夹器10的重设。以这种方式,施夹器10在最后的手术夹子72发射之后完全锁住阻止进一步的发射的企图。因为棘爪齿222和齿板齿226防止驱动机构的任何向远侧的运动,所以阻止了尤其扳机18被进一步挤压。
应该理解本公开的实施例可以作出不同的改进。因此,以上描述不作为限定,仅仅作为对优选实施例的示例。本领域技术人员将在所附的权利要求书的范围和精神下设想其他的改进。

Claims (16)

1.一种将手术固定件施加于身体组织的设备,该设备包括:
a)手柄部;
b)从所述手柄部向远侧延伸并限定纵轴的本体;
c)设置在所述本体内的多个手术固定件;
d)邻近所述本体的远端部安装的钳口组件,所述钳口组件包括在分隔位置与接近位置之间可活动的第一及第二钳口部;
e)驱动构件,其被配置为当所述钳口部在分隔位置时,其将手术固定件逐个向远侧推进至所述钳口组件;
f)致动机构,其至少部分设置在所述本体中,并响应所述手柄部的致动能够纵向活动;及
g)支撑在所述手柄部中的计数装置,其中,所述计数装置被配置以显示事件发生次数与事件剩余发生次数中的至少一个。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述计数装置为数字计数装置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述计数装置包括用于触发显示器中的响应的光传感器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备,其中所述光传感器包括恒定光的光源和用于所述恒定光的检测器,其中当由所述恒定光的光源产生的恒定光被中断时所述光传感器触发响应。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备,其中在发射次序中对应于一个手术固定件的完全成形的时刻,所述恒定光被所述设备的部件临时中断,其中所述显示器上显示的发生次数的值改变1。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其中所述显示器上显示的剩余发生次数的值减少1。
7.根据权利要求4所述的设备,其中所述恒定光的光源产生红外线光束。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述计数装置被操作地连接至所述手柄部。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述计数装置为液晶显示器。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述计数装置为发光二极管。
11.根据权利要求1所述的设备,进一步包括位于所述致动机构的远侧并邻近所述第一及第二钳口部的钳口闭合构件,以当所述致动机构纵向运动时使所述钳口部运动至接近位置。
12.根据权利要求1所述的设备,进一步包括连接至进给杆的闭锁机构,闭锁机构被配置及尺寸设计为防止在施加最后一个手术固定件之后所述设备的再致动。
13.根据权利要求3所述的设备,进一步包括无线技术以在所述传感器与所述计数装置之间传送信息。
14.根据权利要求13所述的设备,其中所述无线技术为WI-FI
Figure FSA00000051755500021
与蓝牙技术
Figure FSA00000051755500022
中的至少一个。
15.根据权利要求13所述的设备,其中所述无线技术为外部电子装置。
16.根据权利要求15所述的设备,其中所述外部电子装置为监视器与记录信息系统中的至少一个。
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