CN101835442A - 第一和第二骨之间的人工关节支撑件 - Google Patents

第一和第二骨之间的人工关节支撑件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101835442A
CN101835442A CN200880112619A CN200880112619A CN101835442A CN 101835442 A CN101835442 A CN 101835442A CN 200880112619 A CN200880112619 A CN 200880112619A CN 200880112619 A CN200880112619 A CN 200880112619A CN 101835442 A CN101835442 A CN 101835442A
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China
Prior art keywords
bone
joint
invention according
face
limits
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CN200880112619A
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米古尔·A·利纳雷斯
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Linares Medical Devices LLC
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Linares Medical Devices LLC
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Publication of CN101835442A publication Critical patent/CN101835442A/zh
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Abstract

一种与植入物关联的人工关节，包括：一对三维的并呈延伸结构的骨，其中每一骨限定波状外形的且对置的端面，所述端面一起限定关节位置。至少一层塑化层以共同作用和摩擦充分降低的方式施加至所述端面中的一个或两个。在囊的暴露面上限定了一润滑塑料。所述塑化层可以包括用于填充与关节位置相关联的三维区域的一流体接收和可膨胀囊。可以将可固化/硬化流体材料注入囊，所述流体材料包括环氧树脂、尿烷、明胶和双组分硬化剂中的至少一种。所述骨各自进一步包括由塑化和金属材料中的至少一种构成的人工植入物。

Description

第一和第二骨之间的人工关节支撑件
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求递交于2007年9月17日的序列号为60/972,909号的美国临时申请的优先权。所述申请的内容以引用方式整体纳入本说明书。
技术领域
本发明是供真的人体骨或人工人体骨使用的人工植入物。特别地，本发明的植入物是对现有技术的植入物的改进，尤其是对现有技术中的通常由金属或其他合成材料构成的植入物的改进，所述改进在于它为与诸如膝关节相关联的第一和第二骨的对置两端提供了压载和无摩擦的支撑。除了通过将压载流体注入被限定在所述骨之间的囊(bladder)以提供支撑之外，本发明还提供了许多种其他结构，用于更有效地在人工关节区域中建立缓冲和多方向支撑。
背景技术
现有技术中记载了很多人工(或假体)植入关节以及相关组件的实例，所述植入关节以及相关组件用于替换由长期佩带而磨损的，或因疾病或创伤而不可复原地损坏的现有关节。无论是被改造为适于与病人体内所留存的骨一起使用，还是用作包含了内置关节的一个或多个骨骼植入物的一个部件，这样的人工关节植入物的一个目的是提供所需量的缓冲支撑。带有内置减震装置的现有植入组件的实例包括但不限于，如Yao的第7,156,666号美国专利所描述的带有微运动减震器的模块化植入物，以及Nasser的USPN 5,389,107中的减震假体髋关节。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种与植入物关联的人工关节，其包括一对三维的并呈延伸结构的骨，其中每一骨限定一波状外形的且对置的端面，所述端面一起限定关节位置。至少一层塑化层以共同作用和摩擦充分降低的方式施加至所述端面中的一个或两个。在囊的暴露面上限定了润滑塑料。
所述塑化层可以包括用于填充与关节位置相关联的三维区域的一个流体接收和可膨胀囊。可以将可固化/硬化的流体材料注入所述囊，所述流体材料包括环氧树脂、尿烷、明胶和双组分硬化剂(a two-parthardener)中的至少一种。所述骨各自进一步包括由塑化材料和金属材料中的至少一种构成的人工植入物，且所述骨各自具有特定的形状和尺寸并限定了一个关节，所述关节选自至少包括上/下膝关节和外/内球窝关节之一的组。
在另一应用中，多个重叠盘构件被固定至一个限定选定关节的端面，以便允许一个对置的骨端面具有一个范围内的多方向和无摩擦的运动。在另一子应用中，多个同心限定的且可独立旋转的构件被固定至一个限定选定关节的端面。可以在所述各构件中进一步限定多个径向的润滑通道。
其他的应用包括多个以下对象：所述对象为用于在限定关节的骨之间提供基本无摩擦的和可移动的运动的单独的塑化滚子和滚子支撑带中的至少一种。为加强所述植入组件，可以在原有的外部骨中插入内部加强构件，并且该内部加强构件可被一定体积的可注入和可固化压载流体包围。所述塑化层还可以具有特定的形状和尺寸并进一步包括抗菌塑料。
附图说明
在阅读下文的详细描述时，请参考所附的附图，其中在所有附图中相同的参考标号表示相同的部件，附图中：
图1是根据本发明的优选实施方案的人工膝盖植入物的图解，其中展示了第一和第二骨，在第一和第二骨之间布置了压载囊(该囊譬如，被固定至第一骨的端部)，并且还包括用于与第二骨建立不费力接触的对置的且配合的润滑塑料；
图2是人工膝盖植入物的一个可替代变体的图解，该变体使用了用于替代所述的流体压载囊的多个重叠并可相互自由滑动的滚子部分；
图2A是一凸式骨(male bone)的端视图，并图示了由塑料/Teflon材料包覆的多个单独的第一和第二滚子；
图2B是另一构造的凸式骨的端视图，并图示了仅仅一对缓冲的和伸长的带支撑件；
图2C是凸式膝盖骨的另一个变体的端视图，并图示了与对置的骨的多方向缓冲支撑关联的重叠盘的第一构造；
图2D类似于图2C，但显示与膝盖骨支撑位置相关的更多数量的更小尺寸的重叠盘的另一种可能的构造：
图3A是沿图2A的线3A-3A截取的末端剖视图，图示了与关节构造相关联的多滚子构造；
图3B是沿图2B的线3B-3B截取的末端剖视图，图示了与所选择的关节构造相关联的所选择的伸长的带支撑件；
图3C是沿图2C的线3C-3C截取的末端剖视图，图示了所述的重叠的盘布置；
图3D是沿图2D的线3D-3D截取的末端剖视图，图示了改型的重叠的盘布置；
图4、4A和4B图示了多方向端面关节支撑件的三个可能的变体，包括线性、半线性和可完全旋转的支撑面；
图5是多个重叠的和不同直径尺寸的盘的端视图，所述盘用于实现偏心的关节支撑件移动；
图6是沿图5的线6-6取得的剖面图，更好地示出了与每一盘相关联的下侧小突出部的位置，所述每一小突出部位于下方的相继的盘内限定的凹槽内，以形成由多个相夹的盘形成的可控的关节偏心运动；
图7是另一关节构造的端视图，并示出了同心的且对置的可旋转的环部分；
图8是一关节布置的又一型式的端视图，其中示出了与所述多个盘中的每一个的变体相关联的多个单独和径向连通的润滑通道，诸如图5也示出的；
图8A-8C分别是图8中的最内层、中间层和最外层的盘的视图，并相似地描绘了错开的润滑通道式样；
图9示出了用于缓冲关节的承窝型布置，该图示出了布置在关节的内部球和外部承窝部分之间的大体环形和碗形的流体压载囊及邻接的润滑塑料层；
图10是是承窝关节的另一变体的图解，该变体包括以大体弯曲/弓形式样布置的多个重叠的盘构件；
图10A是可以被纳入图10的承窝布置的可能的盘构造的一个集合；
图10B是以图10的实施方案来布置的盘构件的部分视图；
图10C是示出了多个盘的另一构造，同样具有下侧的突出的小突出部，该小突出部被布置为相对于所述盘所位于的骨表面可以有有限的多方向的移动；
图11是在先存在的人工关节的改进应用的图解，该改进应用包括新的润滑塑料层以及压载囊；
图11A是图11示出的在先存在人工(金属和塑料)骨在应用一改进关节之前的端视图；
图11B是图11A示出的人工骨的旋转后的侧视图，且还示出了根据所选择的改进步骤施用的润滑塑料的新层；
图11C是图11B中所示方案的替代性变体，其中在老塑料层和改进的润滑塑料之间插入一定体积的胶。
图12是其中安装了内部支撑塑料支撑件的现有骨的图解；
图12A是沿图12的线12A-12A截取的剖视图，示出了外部的原有骨和内部布置的塑料支撑件的同心特性；
图13示出了一个骨和关节组合的另一压载布置，并示出了一个与内部可膨胀囊相仿的形状，以及连同，一个具有外部润滑塑料表面的限定辅助端部关节的囊；以及
图13A是沿图13的线13A-13A截取的剖视图，示出了内部塑料支撑件、所注入的液体塑料囊以及外部骨的同心布置。
具体实施方式
现在参考图1，在10处图示了根据本发明的人工膝盖/关节植入物的第一实施方案。如前文所述，该骨骼植入物意在作为人体骨和关节结构的替代物(诸如因为疾病、事故等)，并且其还是对现有假体金属植入物和类似物的改进，所述改进在于它在限定关节应用的骨的端面之间提供了改进的支撑。
在10处的膝盖和韧带实施方案示出了第一骨12和第二骨14，这两个骨通常对应于病人的上腿骨和下腿骨，并且这两个骨还限定了特别加以构造的且对置/安置的位置，这些位置通常还由关节区域16限定。如进一步理解的，骨12和14通常作为人工假体提供，这些人工假体包括具有必要的耐久性和弹性的塑料、金属或其他适合的材料构造。也可以想到的是，骨12和14可以具有天然的结构，并还可以包括人工关节组件安装在其内的病人自身带有的结构。
提供了可膨胀和压载的囊18，该囊由——诸如由增塑材料或其他适合的人工材料制成的——接收流体的且柔韧/可延伸的主体限定，该囊18可以热成形或以其他方式应用至所选择的骨(本实施例中为上骨12)的对置端面。囊18的暴露表面覆盖有20处的润滑(例如，通常是消过毒的)塑料层，这进而形成与一个——与第二人工骨14相关联的——对置表面22的基本无摩擦/不费力的接触。虽然这一实施方案和后续实施方案中都未进一步示出，还应理解的是，使用了适合的韧带结构以将骨及所得的形成于其间的关节保持在所需的相对位置上。
提供了针24(或其他适合的流体注射机构)以用于注射特定量的压载流体26(该流体包括诸如水基合成物或基于其他合成的流体的组合物)，所述压载流体操作用于将关节区域16压载至所需的压力/构造。在优选的变体中，一旦注射，经注射的压载体与所述关节的外形/形状共形(具体而言，填充了骨之间的缝隙/空间)，并与流体的凝固/硬化同步。通过这样的方式，所限定的骨12和14之间的膝关节区域16中生成了组合式的耐久的、形状配合的(form-fitting)缓冲及基本无摩擦表面。
现在参考图2，在28处示出了人工膝盖植入物的一个替代变体的图解，并同样示出了第一骨30和第二骨32(例如，金属/塑料的人工骨)。第一骨30具有一个端面，该端面，在相关部分，由一对大体线性并被隔开的通道(或轨道)34和36限定。另一个骨32——在此情况下为布置在下部的骨——具有一个对置的限定关节的端面，该端面使用了多个重叠和可相互自由滑动的滚子部分，参见38和40，并且该辊子部分被提供用于代替图1中所示的流体压载囊18。
图2A示出了一凸式骨的端视图，其中多个单独的第一和第二滚子38和40被包覆以塑料/Teflon材料，并进而以相对于通道/轨道24和26对准和对置的方式置于骨32的端面上。所述单独的滚子组还可以具有各种构造(见图2A的端视图图解中的复数的三个辊子和分立的复数的四个辊子)以及如将在后续变体中以更多的细节描述的，可以进一步具有其他多方向移动的特征。图3A是沿图2A的线3A-3B截取的剖视图，图示了与关节构造相关联的多滚子构造。虽然未清楚示出，应理解的是，可以引入适合的销轴用于以可旋转的方式安装每一滚子，将每一滚子的中点的侧面位置锚固至骨末端的面，以防止滚子从其所安置/接触的位置相对于所述对置端面发生位移或移动。
参考图2B(以及末端剖视图3B)，其示出了另一构造的凸式骨42的端视图，并且图示了单独的一对缓冲和伸长的带支撑件，见44。在沿图2B的线3B-3B的剖面图内进一步示出了该带支撑件44(也见图3B)，并示出了支撑在一对滚子46和48上的所选择的伸长带44，所述支撑件44与所选择的关节构造相关联。与一些前述实施方案所关联的压载囊和润滑塑料覆层不同，带支撑件44提供了双向的支撑，见箭头50。
带支撑件44可以由类似的润滑塑料和类似的无摩擦材料构成，且从图1和图2的图解中可以理解，带支撑件可以位于上或下人工骨的对置端面上，并能够通过与对置的限定关节的骨端面相接触而在额外的方向上平移。如前所述，滚子46和48可以各自包括适合的安装销或类似件，以相对于对置和接触的骨端面，以及限定关节的面以暴露(以及部分突出)的方式被固定在适当位置。
图2C——其与末端剖视图3C关联——是凸式膝盖骨52另一个变体的端视图，并图示了与对置骨的多方向的缓冲支撑相关联的重叠的盘54、56、58、60等的第一构造。特别地，图2C的旋转的截面图中示出的多个盘54-60由相类似的润滑、消过毒的以及基本无摩擦的增塑材料构成，且这些盘操作用于在与对置的限定关节的骨端面接触时提供一有限程度的多方向运动。
如图2C的局部剖视图进一步示出的，可以使盘54-60成形为略带弓形的轮廓，这是考虑了与重叠/滑动盘所在的区域关联的骨-骨端面构造。所述盘可以被固定就位，诸如通过图2C中的以62代表性示出的柔软且可平移的覆盖材料固定。或者，所述盘可以以另一形式被定位或以其它方式固定在一起，进一步使它们维持一整体的且有效的可允许运动的关节表面。
图2D是与图2C类似的图示，但显示了更多数量的更小尺寸的重叠盘的另一种可能的构造，这些盘中的一组示为与膝盖骨支撑位置70相关的64、66、68等。图2D的布置基本类似于图2C中所示布置，除了增加所述盘的数量(以及减少每一盘的尺寸)对多个限定方向上的多方向和无摩擦的关节移动的许可范围具有一综合影响外。图3D中的布置可以包括或不包括用于不仅允许关节组件所需的运动范围而且还将盘保持就位的覆盖或限制材料(诸如图3C中62所示)。也参考图3D的末端剖视图，其图示了相对于图3C中示出的重叠盘尺寸更小的重叠盘。
图4、4A和4B图示了多方向端面关节支撑件的三个可能的变体，通过这些变体使得限定关节的植入部件具有组合的移动/旋转运动。所述的变体不仅包括图4在74处示出的半线性/可半旋转的表面74以及图4A在76示出的可完全旋转的支撑表面，还包括一对线性支撑(以及选择性地可移动的)表面，参见图4A中的一对并排定位的表面72。图4-4B中的替代构造意在图示什么样的变体可以用于那些被引入所述人工植入物和关节中的限定关节的且可移动的支撑表面，以及沿指定的以及对置的限定关节的表面能实现多种程度的(组合的线性和旋转)可移动支撑。
现在参考图5，示出了多个重叠的和不同直径尺寸的盘——参见外盘78、中间盘80和内盘82——的端面图解，这些盘使对置的和限定关节的骨(未示出)之间能够进行偏心的关节支撑移动。如图6所进一步示出的，沿图5的线6-6取得的剖面图更好地示出了与每一盘相关联的下侧小突出部的位置，参见针对盘78-82分别在84、86和88所示的。每一小突出部位于下方的相继的(在下方的)盘内限定的凹槽内，以形成由所组合的多个相夹的盘形成的某个范围内可控的关节偏心运动。
如图6所示，支撑面85可以限定一个对置的且限定关节的骨表面，或者替代地也可以限定一个镶面/保持表面，其意在将重叠和可移动的盘保持就位，并在允许它们进行受限的横向运动的同时防止所述盘解体。在使用中，所述盘将允许在所有二维方向上的偏心移动。
图7是另一关节构造的端视图，并示出了同心的且对置的可转动盘/环部分90、92和94。图7的布置意在针对以下情况：在使用者的(膝盖)关节为复合偏心运动，从而有利的是为该关节提供多方向的功能的情况下，所述多方向的功能如由交替的逆时针最外层环90、中间顺时针环92以及可以相对于外层的同心环旋转移位的同样逆时针可旋转的最内层盘94来限定。还可以提供环状支撑面，参见96和98，该环状支撑面使得最内层环94和外层同心盘90和92在其所希望的方向上独立旋转，而在邻接盘之间不产生明显的摩擦阻力。以此方式构造所述环90、92和94以限定提供了同轴和复合旋转移动的关节端面。
图8是一关节布置的又一型式的端视图，其中示出了与所述多个盘中的每一个的变体相关联的多个单独和径向连通的润滑通道，诸如图5也示出的。如图8A-8C所示出的，各个图分别示出了在图8中组装在一起的最内层100、中间层102和最外层104的盘，这些图分别在106、108和110处相似地(单独地和经组装地)描绘了错开的和径向突出的润滑通道的图案。
虽然并未清晰示出，应理解的是重叠的盘以一种所述盘100和102中的每一个均能够相对于最外层(可选择为固定的)盘104偏心移动的方式组装。所述各盘被进一步以防止盘100和102与最外层盘104分开的方式组装，这潜在地可以包括提供位于下侧的小突出部或其他适合的结构，以用于提供沿重叠的盘的底部或侧部的互相关联且受限的运动。
现在参考图9，示出了用于缓冲关节的承窝型布置，整体上见112，该图示出了布置在一环形地限定的关节的内部球118和外部承窝120部分之间的大体环形和碗形的流体压载囊114及邻接的润滑塑料层116。所述球和关节同样由诸如塑料或其他适合的高耐久性/耐冲击性骨植入物限定，且在122处同样示出了针或其他注射介质122，以用于通过注入流体化介质而压载囊114。所述流体可以同样包括诸如环氧树脂/尿烷/明胶等的物质，并也可以加入一双组分硬化剂，以便在注射时和形成囊时将该混合物固化和硬化至所需的支撑形状。如同样示出的，内部球118也可以包括外部的环形的/弯曲的润滑塑料层124，该塑料层与对置的层116可滑动地接触，该对置的层116形成在可扩张/压载的囊114上，以及形成在如标记箭头126所示正在膨胀的囊上。
图10是承窝关节的另一变体的图解，该变体包括在改良的内部球130和外部承窝132之间以大体弯曲/弓形式样布置的多个重叠的盘构件128。当以放大的清晰度示出时，应理解的是，盘构件128代替了图9中示出的压载/可膨胀囊，此外应理解，润滑塑料层132(类似于图9的124处也示出的塑料层)被设置为接触消过毒的塑料和无摩擦可移动盘128。
图10A和10B各自在134处进一步图示了可以被纳入图10的承窝布置的可能的盘构造的一个集合。特别地，所述盘设置有与前述图中所提到的部分相似的下侧的突出的小突出部或柄(stem)部分(见图10C的146)，其类似于前述图中所提到的小突出部或柄部分，这些小突出部或柄部分允许在第一轴向136和第二轴向138两个方向上的有限的运动(再次参见图10B)。
如图10A再次示出的，与关节相关联的安置面可以包括接收槽或孔，在140处可见，关联的盘134的柄部分146被支撑在该接收槽或孔中，并且所述盘被允许在它们的受限的横向和高度限定的维度上移动。盘134之间的多重重叠关系进一步使得它们可以在所限定的关节内相对容易地被保持就位。
再次参考图10A中的子图示，在142处进一步示出了环形位置的另一集合，这些环形位置与所示的孔140关联，并使所示的一对孔140也可以限定一个与给定的所选环形位置142相关联的环形安置通道。图10C是示出了多个盘144的另一构造，同样具有下侧的突出的小突出部146，该小突出部被布置为相对于带有多个安置凹槽148的骨表面可以有有限的多方向的移动，所述盘安置在所述安置凹槽上。
图11在150处示出了在先安装的人工关节的改进应用，其既包括一新的润滑塑料层也包括组合的压载囊152，并且其覆盖在一个在先存在的塑化(衬底)层154上。位于最端部的骨156(凸式)和158(凹式)通常由金属构造，这是人工和假体植入物领域所取得的最近进展的典型方案。提供了支撑韧带(未示出)以用于固定位于最端部的骨156和158，所述最端部的骨进而被骨骼支撑骨160和162包围和支撑，以定位和维持限定在骨156和158之间的关节。环形外部密封件——参见160——维持了关节的结构完整性，并防止了可膨胀的压载层的横向膨胀移动和/或流体在与该三维地限定的关节同步固化或硬化之前逃逸。图中了122处再次示出了注射针，该注射针可以将所需体积的流体注入囊152。
图11A是图11示出的所选择的在先存在的人工(金属和塑料)骨158在应用所述的改进关节之前的端视图。图11B是图11A中示出的人工骨158的另一个旋转后的侧视图，且还示出了根据所选择的改进步骤应用的润滑塑料新层152。现在参考图11C，示出了图11B所示方案的一个替代变体，其中在老塑料层154和新应用的改进润滑塑料152之间插入一定体积的胶162。与本设计相关联的附加选择是在与所述关节改进相关联的区域内产生极细小/微小的切口，而不需要预先移除或以其他方式干预预先安装好的植入物/假体。
现在参考图12，在164示出了根据另一优选变体的现有骨，并且在该骨内安装了内部支撑塑料支撑部166以向骨提供附加的结构刚度。这一应用中，在骨164的表面结构内的适合位置限定了孔形/圆形切口，参见168处。该插入支撑件——其之前在166处示出——被纵向地插入直到其完全地安置到基本中空的骨内部(如剖视图所示)。在此，将一定体积的注射流体——参见170处——填充入在塑化插入件的外表面和骨的内壁之间限定的环绕空间。图12A是沿图12的线12A-12A截取的剖视图，示出了外部的原有骨164和内部布置的塑料支撑件166的同心特性。
最后，参考图13，一个剖视图示出了一个骨172和关节组合的另一压载布置，并示出了一个与被支撑在一硬化塑料端塞175上的内部可膨胀囊174相仿的形状。与此同时，一个限定辅助端部关节的囊176具有外部润滑塑料表面178以用于接触一对置的骨末端限定的面(未示出)。在可固化流体/胶质组合物被注入和成型之前，在原有骨172中纵向插入一内部的硬化塑料插入件180，以填充和加固诸如萎缩骨的骨腔。如图13A——沿图13的线13A-13A截取的一个剖面图——中进一步所示，示出了内部塑料支撑件180、所注入的液体塑料囊174以及外部骨172和外部阻塞层175的同心布置。
通过对本发明的描述，本领域普通技术人员将清楚地明了不背离所附权利要求的范围的其他和附加的优选实施方案。

Claims (20)

1.一种与植入物关联的人工关节，包括：
一对三维的并呈延伸结构的骨，其中每一骨限定一波状外形的且对置的端面，所述端面一起限定了关节位置；以及
至少一层塑化层，其被施加至至少一个端面并与一对置的端面以摩擦充分降低的方式共同作用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发明，其中所述塑化层还包括用于填充与关节位置相关联的三维区域的一个流体接收和可膨胀囊。
3.根据权利要求2所述的发明，还包括在所述囊的暴露面上限定的润滑塑料。
4.根据权利要求2所述的发明，还包括可固化/硬化流体材料，其包括环氧树脂、尿烷、明胶和双组分硬化剂中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的发明，所述骨各自进一步包括由塑化和金属材料中的至少一种构成的人工植入物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的发明，所述骨各自具有特定的形状和尺寸，并形成一个关节，该关节选自至少包括上/下膝关节和外/内球窝关节之一的组。
7.根据权利要求1所述的发明，还包括多个重叠盘构件，该多个重叠盘构件被固定至一个限定选定关节的端面并允许一个对置的骨端面具有一个范围内的多方向和无摩擦的运动。
8.根据权利要求1所述的发明，还包括多个被固定至一个限定选定关节的端面的多个同心限定且可独立旋转的构件。
9.根据权利要求8所述的发明，还包括在所述各构件中限定的多个径向的润滑通道。
10.根据权利要求1所述的发明，还包括多个以下对象：所述对象为用于在限定关节的骨之间提供基本无摩擦的和可移动的运动的单独的塑化滚子和滚子支撑带中的至少一种。
11.根据权利要求1所述的发明，还包括插入到已存在的外部骨中的并且被可注入和可固化的压载流体包围的内部加强构件。
12.根据权利要求1所述的发明，所述塑化层具有特定的形状和尺寸，并进一步包括抗菌塑料。
13.一种人工假体关节，包括：
骨，其具有波状外形的端面；
塑化层，其被施加至所述端面并与一个关联于第二骨的对置端面以摩擦充分降低的方式共同作用；以及
流体接收和可膨胀的囊，其用于填充所述骨之间存在的三维区域。
14.根据权利要求13所述的发明，还包括在所述囊的暴露面上限定的润滑塑料。
15.根据权利要求13所述的发明，还包括被注入所述囊的可固化/硬化的流体材料，所述流体材料包括环氧树脂、尿烷、明胶和双组份硬化剂中的至少一种。
16.根据权利要求13所述的发明，所述骨各自进一步包括由塑化和金属材料中的至少一种构成的人工植入物。
17.根据权利要求16所述的发明，其中所述骨各自具有特定的形状和尺寸，并形成一个关节，该关节选自至少包括上/下膝关节和外/内球窝关节之一的组。
18.一种与植入物关联的人工关节，包括：
一对三维的并呈延伸结构的骨，其中每一骨限定包覆了塑化材料的一波状外形的且对置的端面，所述端面一起在它们之间限定了关节位置；以及
与所述端面中的选定的一个端面相关联的多个单独的可移动构件，其用于辅助提供骨之间的基本无摩擦运动。
19.根据权利要求18所述的发明，所述可移动构件还包括多个重叠盘构件，该多个重叠盘构件被固定至一个限定选定关节的端面并允许一个对置的骨端面具有一个范围内的多方向和无摩擦的运动。
20.根据权利要求19所述的发明，还包括在所述可移动构件中的每一个内限定的多个径向的润滑通道。
CN200880112619A 2007-09-17 2008-09-17 第一和第二骨之间的人工关节支撑件 Pending CN101835442A (zh)

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