CN101678388B - 用于在涂覆过程中为基底充电的保持器 - Google Patents
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- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种支架保持器，其用于在使用干粉颗粒涂覆支架的过程中安装支架并为支架充电，所述颗粒包括惰性聚合物，药物或生物制剂。提供了一种组件，其用于在使用干粉颗粒涂覆支架的过程中支撑支架并为支架充电，所述颗粒包括惰性聚合物，药物或生物制剂。提供了一种腔室，其用于在支架周围产生电场，支撑支架，为支架充电，并将支架暴露在干粉颗粒下，所述颗粒包括惰性聚合物，药物或生物制剂。提供了一种方法，其用于在支架周围产生电场，支撑支架，为支架充电，并将支架暴露在干粉颗粒下，所述颗粒包括惰性聚合物，药物或生物制剂。
Description
背景技术
在基底(或称衬底)上进行涂覆通常是有益的，这使得该基底表面具有所需的性质或效果。
例如，为了良好的治疗或预防效果，涂覆生物医学植入物对于提供药物或生物制剂向体内特殊位置的定位递送是有用的。具体益处的一个方面是Ong和Serruys最近在Nat.Clin.Pract.Cardiovasc.Med.，(Dec 2005)，Vol 2，No.12,647中讨论的药物洗脱支架(DES)。典型地，这种药物或生物制剂与聚合物共沉积。这种药剂的定位递送避免了全身给药的问题，所述问题在于全身给药可能伴随有身体其他部位的不希望的效果，或者由于对患病身体部位的给药需要高浓度的药物或生物制剂，这可能不能由全身给药实现。可为药物或生物制剂的控制释放(包括长期或持久释放)提供涂覆。另外，生物医学植入物可涂覆材料来提供有益表面性质，例如增强的生物相容性或光滑性。
传统的溶剂基喷雾涂覆工艺由于与在基底上的涂覆组分采集相关的低效率和最终涂覆稠度而受到限制。随着基底尺寸的减小，并随着机械复杂性的增加，逐渐提高了在基底所有表面均匀涂覆的难度。
一种在基底上沉积惰性聚合物和药物或生物制剂的效率高成本低的方法，其中采集工艺是高效率的，产生的涂覆是共形，大致无缺陷且均匀的。涂覆的组分可被调节，药物或生物制剂的形态和/或二级结构可被控制，这在PCT/US 06/027,321进行了描述，其通过引用被全文并入本文。该方法允许在涂覆工艺过程中沉积药剂的结构和形态保存。在PCT/US 06/027,321中描述的该方法考虑了在涂覆方法中为支架充电并在支架和支架保持器周围产生电场。
因此，需要安装支架并为支架充电的支架保持器。
发明内容
本发明涉及在涂覆工艺工程中安装支架并为支架充电的保持器；耦接、支撑支架保持器并为支架保持器充电的组件；控制支架周围电场并提供涂覆支架平台的腔室；以及使用充电的保持器、充电的组件和腔室涂覆支架的方法。
一方面，本发明提供了在涂覆工艺工程中可移除地保持支架的支架保持器，其中在涂覆工艺工程中支架保持器为支架充电。在一个实施例中，保持器在支架周围形成电场。在另一个实施例中，保持器包括遮蔽支架的至少一部分的遮挡件。在另一个实施例中，保持器包括用于与支撑件界面连接的支撑件界面连接部分，其中支撑件支撑所述支撑件界面连接部分并为其充电。在另一个实施例中，支架保持器包括为支架充电的支架安装部分。在另一个实施例中，支架安装部分具有一定结构，其中支架在支架保持器的椭圆部分上滑动。在另一个实施例中，支架安装部分具有塌陷和扩张状态用于在支架的安装和移除过程中最小化涂覆损伤。在另一个实施例中，支架位于支架安装部分的可充电部段上。在另一个实施例中，支架安装部分包括弹簧部段。在另一个实施例中，支架安装部分包括围绕一中心轴线盘绕的螺纹。在另一个实施例中，螺纹为不导电的。在另一个实施例中，螺纹为可充电的。在另一个实施例中，保持器进一步包括操纵支架周围电场的构件。在其他实施例中，保持器呈能够安装支架并为支架充电以及在支架周围产生电场的各种结构。
一方面，本发明提供了一种组件，包括：在涂覆工艺工程中可移除地保持支架的至少一个支架保持器，其中所述支架保持器在涂覆工艺工程中为支架充电；用于支撑至少一个支架保持器的支撑件，其中所述支撑件为支架保持器充电。在一个实施例中，组件的支架保持器包括用于与支撑件界面连接的支撑件界面连接部分，其中所述支撑件支撑支撑件界面连接部分并为支撑件界面连接部分充电。在另一个实施例中，组件的支撑件包括电耦接到支架保持器的支撑件界面连接部分的至少一个耦接部分。在另一个实施例中，组件的支撑件包括连接到电源的充电部分。在其他实施例中，耦接部分呈能够为保持器充电并支撑保持器的各种结构。
一方面，本发明提供了用于支架涂覆工艺的腔室，其中所述腔室包括：包括第一孔的基体；组件，包括：用于在涂覆工艺工程中可移除地保持支架的至少一个支架保持器，其中所述支架保持器在涂覆工艺工程中为支架充电，用于支撑至少一个支架保持器的支撑件，其中所述支撑件为支架保持器充电；和用于涂覆由组件保持的支架的涂覆喷嘴，
其中组件位于基体上，其中第一基体孔提供了通向腔室用于涂覆支架的涂覆喷嘴，并且其中涂覆喷嘴可移除地装配在第一基体孔中。在一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括连接到地源的至少一个接地构件。在另一个实施例中，接地构件可移除地装配在第一基体孔或第二基体孔中，在另一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括用于吹扫腔室的吹扫喷嘴，其中吹扫喷嘴装配在第一、第二或第三基体孔中。在另一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括用于使基体与组件的电荷绝缘的绝缘座，其中组件位于绝缘座上，绝缘座位于基体上，其中绝缘座具有与第一、第二、第三或第四基体孔对齐的至少一个孔。在另一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括盖子，其在组件上方装配并位于基体上。在另一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括在盖子外的至少一个绝缘接地构件，其中绝缘接地构件连接到地源并可移除地位于基体上。在其他实施例中，盖子是透明的，包括绝缘材料，和/或是一次性使用的，在其他实施例中，基体具有不导电的性质，和/或是热塑性部件。在另一个实施例中，腔室包括连接到组件的支撑件的电源。在另一个实施例中，腔室的组件包括以环形结构布置的多个支架保持器，其中涂覆喷嘴位于由保持器形成的环形结构内。
一方面，本发明提供了涂覆多个支架的一种方法，其中该方法包括：提供包括支撑件和多个支架保持器的组件，其中所述支架保持器以环形结构布置，其中涂覆喷嘴位于由支架保持器形成的环形结构内；将支架安装到支架保持器上；通过为支撑件充电而为支架充电，所述支撑件为支架保持器充电，所述支架安装在支架保持器上；和将充电的支架从涂覆喷嘴暴露在涂覆颗粒下，其中充电的支架吸引涂覆颗粒，其中在涂覆过程中在维持支架稳定的同时所述涂覆颗粒沉积在支架上。参考文件的并入
在此通过引用方式将说明书中提到的所有公开和专利申请并入本文，这等效于特别地、单独地声明通过引用方式将每个单独的公开或专利申请并入本文。
附图说明
利用所附权利要求特别地阐述了本发明中新颖的特征。后文的详细描述将阐述了一些说明性实施例和附图，通过参考这些详细描述将能更好地理解本发明的特征和优点，其中：
图1A至1B示出了涂覆系统内本发明的腔室。
图1C示出了本发明的腔室。
图2A示出了在腔室内充电时在支架和支架保持器周围的电场。
图2B示出了在腔室内充电时图2A的电场包围支架和支架保持器时横跨腔室长度的电势。
图2C示出了在腔室内充电时在支架和支架保持器周围的电场。
图2D示出了在腔室内充电时图2C的电场包围支架和支架保持器时横跨腔室长度的电势。
图2E和2F示出了在腔室内充电时在多个支架和支架保持器周围的电场的俯视图。
图3A和3B示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构A的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图4A和4B示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构B的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图5A和5B示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构C的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图6A和6B示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有遮挡件、呈结构C的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图7A和7B示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构D的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图8示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构E的支架安装部分、支撑件界面连接部分，所述支架保持器以假想线示出了支架安装部分的扩张；
图9A和9B示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构F的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图10示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构G的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分。
图11示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构H的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图12示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和支架，所述支架保持器具有呈结构I的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图13示出了图12的支架保持器实施例和支架的俯视图；
图14示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器，所述支架保持器具有呈结构J的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图15示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器，所述支架保持器具有呈结构K的支架安装部分和支撑件界面连接部分；
图16示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和安装的支架，所述支架保持器具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分和呈结构L的支撑件界面连接部分；
图17示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和安装的支架，所述支架保持器具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分和呈结构M的支撑件界面连接部分；
图18示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和安装的支架，所述支架保持器具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分和呈结构N的支撑件界面连接部分；
图19示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和安装的支架，所述支架保持器具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分和呈结构O的支撑件界面连接部分；
图20示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和安装的支架，所述支架保持器具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分和呈结构P的支撑件界面连接部分；
图21示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的支架保持器和安装的支架，所述支架保持器具有呈图1A所示结构A的支架安装部分和呈结构Q的支撑件界面连接部分；
图22是根据本发明的一个实施例的组件的分解视图，所述组件具有图3A所示的支架保持器，所述支架保持器具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分和呈图20所示结构P的支撑件界面连接部分；
图23示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的组件的支撑件沿图22的线A-A的截面图，所述支撑件具有呈结构R的支撑件耦接部分；
图24示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的组件的支撑件沿图22的线A-A的截面图，所述支撑件具有呈结构S的支撑件耦接部分；
图25示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的组件的支撑件沿图22的线A-A的截面图，所述支撑件具有呈结构T的支撑件耦接部分；
图26示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的组件的支撑件沿图22的线A-A的截面图，所述支撑件具有呈结构U的支撑件耦接部分；和
图27是根据本发明的一个实施例的腔室的分解视图。
具体实施方式
在下面将详细解释本发明。本说明不旨在详细罗列可实施本发明的所有不同方式或者可添加到本发明的所有特征。例如，关于一个实施例所示的特征可结合到其他实施例中，并且关于一个具体实施例所示的特征可从该实施例中除去。另外，本文提出的对各种实施例的大量变更和添加对于本发明相关领域的技术人员将是显而易见的，其并不脱离本发明。因此，下列说明旨在描述本发明的一些具体实施例(包括优选实施例)，但并不详尽描述其所有的置换，结合和变更。在不脱离由权利要求限定的本发明的情况下，实施例的细节可改变。
申请人明确地指出，本文引用的所有美国专利参考文献通过引用被全文并入本文。
1、支架保持器
图3A至21示出了在涂覆工艺工程中可移除地保持支架并为支架充电的各种支架保持器。保持器在支架周围形成电场，图2A至2F所示的电场的实施例，导致了在涂覆工艺工程中未充电的涂覆颗粒被吸引到充电的支架。任意保持器可进一步配置有导电构件以此来操纵支架周围的电场。将电荷从保持器传导至支架的适合导电材料的例子包括，但不限于，不锈钢和形状记忆金属合金，例如镍钛合金(Ni-Ti合金)。
图3A至6B示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有如所示的支架安装部分2和支撑件界面连接部分3。支架安装部分2具有扩张和塌陷两种状态，并包括至少两个臂30，支架4安装在所述至少两个臂上，在其扩张状态，支架安装部分2具有由双箭头33所示的外距，其近似等于由双箭头10所示的支架内径。在扩张状态的支架安装部分2以相反方向在支架的内表面上施力，由此在最小化支架变形的同时将支架4保持在位置上。当支架保持器1的第一端31和支架保持器1的第二端32以相反方向同时移动时，或者当第一端31固定而第二端32远离第一端31移动时，臂30之间的距离减小。这允许支架4加载到支架保持器1上，或可替换地，在通过减小支架4和支架保持器1之间的接触而已经安装支架4的情况下允许支架4从支架保持器1释放。臂30由导电材料制成并当臂1接触支架4时将电荷传导至支架4。
在图3A和3B的实施例中，支架安装部分结构A具有包括椭圆部分的臂30。
在另一个实施例中，支架保持器1具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分2和支撑件界面连接部分3，包括至少两个臂30，支架4安装在所述臂上，这没有图3B的支架安装部分塌陷状态。支架4可沿着臂滑动以安装到支架保持器1和从支架保持器1释放。
在图4A和4B的实施例中，支架安装部分结构B具有从支架保持器中心轴线延伸的臂30，所述臂制造至少一个弯曲，并返回到支架保持器中心轴线。在本实施例中，支架4和支架保持器1之间的接触点36数量为至少两个。
在图5A和5B的实施例中，支架安装部分结构C具有从支架保持器1中心轴线延伸的臂30，所述臂呈弧形返回到支架保持器1中心轴线。
图6A和6B的实施例示出了具有呈结构C的支架安装部分2并进一步包括遮挡件5的支架保持器1。所述遮挡件5提供了对支架4内表面的遮蔽以此来减小和/或消除支架内表面的涂覆。用于遮挡件5的适当材料的例子包括不导电的材料、聚合物和/或不粘材料，例如聚四氟乙烯(例如，特氟隆)，和/或其他不导电材料。
图7A和7B示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈结构D的支架安装部分2和支撑件界面连接部分3。支架安装部分2结构D具有扩张和塌陷两种状态，并包括至少两个臂30，所述臂具有自由端35，支架4安装在所述自由端上。在其扩张状态，支架安装部分2具有由双箭头33所示的外距，其等于或大于由双箭头10所示的支架内径。在扩张状态的支架安装部分2以相反方向在支架的内表面上施力和/或突入支架间隙，由此将支架4保持在位置上。当臂自由端35相向移动时，臂自由端35之间的距离减小。这允许支架4加载到支架保持器1上，或可替换地，在通过减小支架4和支架保持器1之间的接触而已经安装支架4的情况下允许支架4从支架保持器1释放。臂30由导电材料制成并当臂30接触支架4时将电荷传导至支架4。
图8示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈所示结构E的支架安装部分2和支撑件界面连接部分3。支架安装部分2包括两个臂30，支架4安装在所述臂上。支架安装部分2在本实施例中可通过弹簧部段6在扩张状态和塌陷状态之间移动或被移动。扩张状态以假想线所示。在其扩张状态，支架安装部分2具有由双箭头33所示的外距，其等于或大于由双箭头10所示的支架内径。在扩张状态的支架安装部分2以相反方向在支架的内表面上施力，由此将支架4保持在位置上。当支架安装部分距离33减小时，手动地或通过相向移动臂30，支架4可加载到支架保持器1上，或可替换地，在通过减小支架4和支架保持器1之间的摩擦而已经安装支架4的情况下允许支架4从支架保持器1释放。臂30由导电材料制成并当臂1接触支架4时将电荷传导至支架4。
图9A和9B示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈所示结构F的支架安装部分2和支撑件界面连接部分3。支架安装部分2在本实施例中可通过弹簧部段6在扩张状态和塌陷状态之间移动或被移动。当弹簧端37和38以相反方向同时移动时，或者当弹簧的第一端37固定而弹簧的第二端38远离第一端或与第一端反向移动时，弹簧直径39减小。这允许支架4加载到支架保持器1上，或可替换地，在通过减小支架4和支架保持器1之间的接触而已经安装支架4的情况下允许支架4从支架保持器1释放。弹簧端37和38由导电材料制成并当臂1接触支架4时将电荷传导至支架4。
图10示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈所示结构G的支架安装部分2，支撑件界面连接部分3和可移除的帽7。当帽7从支架保持器1移除时，支架4可通过将支架4的一端靠在支架保持器1的支架安装部分2上并使帽7复位而安装在支架保持器1上，使帽7复位使得支架4的相对端还由帽7保持从而支架中心轴线与支架保持器1中心轴线对齐。
图11示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈所示结构H的支架安装部分2，支撑件界面连接部分3，用于遮蔽至少部分支架内表面的遮挡件5和可充电部段8。在本实施例中，可充电部段8由双箭头9所示的外径大于由双箭头41所示的支架内径。由此，当安装时，支架4位于可充电部段8上。用于遮挡件5的适当材料的例子包括不导电的材料、聚合物和/或不粘材料，例如聚四氟乙烯(例如，特氟隆)。
在另一个实施例中，图11实施例的变体，可充电部段8具有的外径9近似等于支架外径41，由此，当安装时，支架4在至少部分可充电部段8上方延伸并接触可充电部段8。
图12示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈所示结构I的支架安装部分2，支撑件界面连接部分3，用于遮蔽至少部分支架内表面的遮挡件5和可充电部段8，所述部段包括沿支架4长度延伸的可充电的杆42。在本实施例中，支架4在可充电的杆42上方延伸并接触可充电的杆42。用于遮挡件5的适当材料的例子包括不导电的材料、聚合物和/或不粘材料，例如聚四氟乙烯(例如，特氟隆)。
图13示出了图12的支架保持器1实施例和支架4的俯视图。
图14示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈所示结构J的支架安装部分2，支撑件界面连接部分3，用于遮蔽至少部分支架内表面的遮挡件5和可充电部段8，所述可充电部段包括绕支架保持器中心轴线(如假想线43所示)盘绕的可充电螺纹11。用于遮挡件5的适当材料的例子包括不导电的材料、聚合物和/或不粘材料，例如聚四氟乙烯(例如，特氟隆)。
图15示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈所示结构K的支架安装部分2，支撑件界面连接部分3，用于遮蔽至少部分支架内表面的遮挡件5和可充电部段8，其中支架安装部分包括绕支架保持器中心轴线(如假想线43所示)盘绕的可充电螺纹44。用于遮挡件5和不导电螺纹44的适当材料的例子包括不导电的材料、聚合物和/或不粘材料，例如聚四氟乙烯(例如，特氟隆)。
在另一个实施例中，图15的变体，遮挡件5与支架4隔开一定距离以控制内表面涂覆的质和/或量。
图16至21示出了安装在支架保持器1上的支架4，所述支架保持器1具有呈所示结构A的支架安装部分2，并具有呈不同结构的支撑件界面连接部分3。在可替换的实施例中，支架安装部分2为结构A至K的任意结构，或本发明范围内的其他实施例。支撑件界面连接部分3包括导电材料并由支撑件12充电。用于将电荷从保持器传导至支架的适当导电材料的例子包括，但不限于，不锈钢和形状记忆金属合金，例如镍钛合金(Ni-Ti合金)。
在图16至19中这些实施例的支撑件界面连接部分3具有扩张状态并包括至少一个臂30，其支撑并将支架保持器1电耦接至支撑件12的支撑件耦接部分13。在其他实施例中，支撑件界面连接部分3还具有塌陷状态。在图16至19的实施例中，在扩张状态的支撑件界面连接部分3以相反方向在支撑件12的支撑件耦接部分13内表面上施力，由此将支架保持器1保持在位置上。
在图16的实施例中，支撑件界面连接部分结构L具有臂30，其包括近似相互平行的部分。
在图17的实施例中，支撑件界面连接部分结构M具有从支架保持器1中心轴线延伸的臂30，所述臂制造多个弯曲，并返回到支架保持器中心轴线。在图17所示的实施例中，支撑件界面连接部分3和支撑件12的支撑件耦接部分13之间的接触点36数量为两个。可替换的实施例可通过改变支撑件界面连接部分的几何形状而改变接触点的数量。
在图18的实施例中，支撑件界面连接部分呈结构N，臂30从支架保持器中心轴线延伸并呈弧形返回到支架保持器1中心轴线。
图19示出了具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分2并具有呈结构O的支撑件界面连接部分3的支架保持器1。支撑件界面连接部分3包括弹簧部段6，其将支架保持器1通过可移除地配合支撑件12的支撑件耦接部分13而电耦接至支撑件12。
图20示出了具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分2并具有呈结构P的支撑件界面连接部分3的支架保持器1。在本发明的可替换的实施例中，支撑件界面连接部分包括销，杆，轴，或丝。
在图21的实施例中示出了具有呈结构Q的支撑件界面连接部分的支架保持器1。其中支撑件界面连接部分3为与支撑件12的支撑件耦接部分13配合的管。
2、组件
图22至26示出了组件的各种实施例，包括在涂覆工艺工程中可移除地保持支架并为支架充电的至少一个支架保持器，用于支撑至少一个支架保持器的支撑件，其中所述支撑件为支架保持器充电。支撑件由电源充电。支架保持器耦接到支撑件，由此将支撑件的电荷传递至支架保持器。支架保持器的电荷被传递至安装的支架。充电的保持器在支架周围形成电场，导致了在涂覆工艺工程中未充电的涂覆颗粒被吸引到充电的支架。支架保持器可从本说明书中提到的任意适当配合支架保持器支撑件界面连接部分的实施例，以及本领域技术人员能够在不脱离所附权利要求范围的情况下轻易实施的任意实施例中选择。用于将电荷从电源传导至支架保持器的支撑件的适合导电材料的例子包括，但不限于，不锈钢和形状记忆金属合金，例如镍钛合金(Ni-Ti合金)。
图22是根据本发明的一个实施例的组件15的分解视图。在本实施例中，组件15包括：具有呈图3A所示结构A的支架安装部分2的至少一个支架保持器1，具有呈图20所示结构P的支撑件界面连接部分的支撑件。支撑件12支撑支架保持器1并为支架保持器1充电。支架保持器1在涂覆工艺工程中可移除地保持支架4并为支架4充电。
在组件15的另一个实施例中，单一支撑件12包括多个支架保持器1。在另一个实施例中，组件15包括具有多个支撑件耦接部分13的支撑件12，所述多个支撑件耦接部分13以环形结构布置，多个支架保持器1相应于支撑件耦接部分13结构。支撑件12的中心孔提供了通向安装和充电的支架4的涂覆设备。示例性涂覆设备包括涂覆喷嘴，吹扫喷嘴，电场操纵构件和接地构件。
图23至26示出了组件15支撑件12的支撑件耦接部分13的实施例，其中支撑件耦接部分13可移除地耦接支架保持器1并为支架保持器1充电。
图23示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的组件15的支撑件12沿图22的线A-A的截面图，所述支撑件15包括呈结构R的支撑件耦接部分13。图23的支撑件耦接部分13包括支撑件内的孔，镗孔或管。与本实施例适当配合的支架保持器支撑件界面连接部分的非详尽例子分别为图16至20中的结构L、M、N、O和P。
图24示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的组件15的支撑件12沿图22的线A-A的截面图，所述支撑件12具有呈结构S的支撑件耦接部分13。图24的支撑件耦接部分13包括至少部分在支撑件以外的管。在本实施例中支撑件耦接部分13在支撑件12顶部。与本实施例适当配合的支架保持器支撑件界面连接部分的非详尽例子分别为图16至20中的结构L、M、N、O和P。
图25示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的组件15的支撑件12沿图22的线A-A的截面图，所述支撑件12具有呈结构T的支撑件耦接部分13。在本实施例中，类似于图24的实施例，图25的支撑件耦接部分13包括至少部分在支撑件12以外的管。在图25所示的实施例中，支撑件耦接部分13在支撑件12侧部。与本实施例适当配合的支架保持器1支撑件界面连接部分3的非详尽例子分别为图16至20中的结构L、M、N、O和P。
图26示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的组件15的支撑件12沿图22的线A-A的截面图，所述支撑件12具有呈结构U的支撑件耦接部分13。在本实施例中，支撑件耦接部分13包括导电丝、杆、轴或类似支撑导电构件。与本实施例适当配合的支架保持器1支撑件界面连接部分3的非详尽例子为图21中的结构Q。
尽管通过优选实施例血管支架进行了描述，本发明可涉及从组中选择的任意类型的基底，所述组包括支架，关节，螺丝，杆，销，盘，卡钉，分流器，夹具，夹子，缝线，缝合锚钉，电极，导管，引线，移植，敷料剂，起搏器，起搏器外壳，心律转变器，心律转变器外壳，除纤颤器，除纤颤器外壳，假肢，耳道疏通管，眼科植入物，外科整形基底，椎间盘，骨替代物，吻合基底，血管包覆物，结肠造瘘袋附件基底，止血屏障，血管植入物，血管支撑件，组织粘结剂，组织密封剂，组织支架和腔内基底。在另一个实施例中，组件包括基底，其中基底安装在基底保持器上，其中基底保持器为基底充电，其中基底保持器由支撑件支撑，其中支撑件为基底保持器充电，支撑件包括用于为基底保持器充电的基底保持器耦接部分。
3、腔室
图27是根据本发明的一个实施例的用于支架涂覆工艺的腔室17的分解视图。该腔室17实施例包括：包括至少一个孔19的基体18；组件15，包括：用于在涂覆工艺工程中可移除地保持支架4的至少一个支架保持器1，其中支架保持器1在涂覆工艺工程中为支架4充电，用于支撑至少一个支架保持器1的支撑件12，其中支撑件12为支架保持器1充电；用于涂覆由组件15保持的支架4的涂覆喷嘴20，其中组件15位于基体18上，其中在基体18中的孔19提供了通向腔室17用于涂覆支架4的涂覆喷嘴20，其中涂覆喷嘴20可移除地装配在基体孔19中。本实施例进一步包括连接到地源的至少一个接地构件21，其中至少一个接地构件21可移除地装配在基体孔19中。图27所示的腔室17实施例进一步包括用于吹扫腔室17的吹扫喷嘴23，其中吹扫喷嘴23装配在基体孔19中。本实施例进一步包括用于使基体18与组件15电荷绝缘的绝缘座26，其中组件15位于绝缘座26上，绝缘座26位于基体18上，其中绝缘座26具有与基体孔19对齐的孔27。本实施例进一步包括装配在组件15上方并位于基体18上的盖子24，并包括在盖子24以外的绝缘接地构件44，其中绝缘接地构件44连接到地源并可移除地位于基体18上。在本实施例中，盖子24是透明的，包括绝缘材料，并且是一次性使用的。基体18具有不导电的性质，并且是热塑性部件。腔室17包括连接到组件的支撑件12的电源25。在另一个实施例中，腔室17的组件15包括以环形结构布置的多个支架保持器1，其中涂覆喷嘴20位于由保持器1形成的环形结构内。
尽管通过优选实施例血管支架进行了描述，本发明可涉及从组中选择的任意类型的基底，所述组包括支架，关节，螺丝，杆，销，盘，卡钉，分流器，夹具，夹子，缝线，缝合锚钉，电极，导管，引线，移植，敷料剂，起搏器，起搏器外壳，心律转变器，心律转变器外壳，除纤颤器，除纤颤器外壳，假肢，耳道疏通管，眼科植入物，外科整形基底，椎间盘，骨替代物，吻合基底，血管包覆物，结肠造瘘袋附件基底，止血屏障，血管植入物，血管支撑件，组织粘结剂，组织密封剂，组织支架和腔内基底。在一个实施例中，腔室包括：组件，包括：基底保持器，其中基底可移除地安装在基底保持器上，其中基底保持器为基底充电；支撑件，其中支撑件支撑基底保持器，其中支撑件为基底保持器充电，支撑件包括用于为基底保持器充电的基底保持器耦接部分；安装的基底，其中基底被充电；包括第一孔的基体；用于涂覆由组件保持的基底的涂覆喷嘴，其中组件位于基体上，其中在基体中的孔提供了通向腔室用于涂覆基底的涂覆喷嘴，其中涂覆喷嘴可移除地装配在第一孔中。
在另一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括连接到地源的至少一个接地构件，其中至少一个接地构件可移除地装配在第一或第二基体孔中。在另一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括用于吹扫腔室的吹扫喷嘴，其中吹扫喷嘴装配在第一、第二或第三基体孔中。在另一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括用于使基体与组件的电荷绝缘的绝缘座，其中组件位于绝缘座上，绝缘座位于基体上，其中绝缘座具有与第一、第二、第三或第四基体孔对齐的孔。在另一个实施例中，腔室进一步包括装配在组件上方并位于基体上的盖子，包括在盖子以外的绝缘接地构件，其中绝缘接地构件连接到地源并可移除地位于基体上。在另一个实施例中，盖子是透明的，包括绝缘材料，并且是一次性使用的。在另一个实施例中，基体具有不导电的性质，并且是热塑性部件。在另一个实施例中，腔室包括连接到组件的支撑件的电源。
在腔室的另一个实施例中，组件包括呈环形结构的多个基底保持器，其中涂覆喷嘴位于由保持器形成的环形结构内。
4、方法
在一个方面本发明提供了涂覆多个支架的一种方法，其中该方法包括：提供包括支撑件和多个支架保持器的组件，其中所述支架保持器以环形结构布置，其中涂覆喷嘴位于由支架保持器形成的环形结构内；将支架安装到支架保持器上；通过为支撑件充电而为支架充电，所述支撑件为支架保持器充电，所述支架安装在支架保持器上；和将充电的支架从涂覆喷嘴暴露在涂覆颗粒下，其中充电的支架吸引涂覆颗粒，其中在涂覆过程中在维持支架稳定的同时所述涂覆颗粒沉积在支架上。
在另一个实施例中，涂覆颗粒包括惰性聚合物，药物或生物制剂。在另一个实施例中，涂覆颗粒和支架所暴露于的涂覆颗粒包括在PCT/US 06/027,321中描述的实施例。
尽管通过优选实施例血管支架进行了描述，本发明可涉及从组中选择的任意类型的基底，所述组包括支架，关节，螺丝，杆，销，盘，卡钉，分流器，夹具，夹子，缝线，缝合锚钉，电极，导管，引线，移植，敷料剂，起搏器，起搏器外壳，心律转变器，心律转变器外壳，除纤颤器，除纤颤器外壳，假肢，耳道疏通管，眼科植入物，外科整形基底，椎间盘，骨替代物，吻合基底，血管包覆物，结肠造瘘袋附件基底，止血屏障，血管植入物，血管支撑件，组织粘结剂，组织密封剂，组织支架和腔内基底。在一个实施例中，本发明提供了涂覆多个基底的一种方法，其中该方法包括：提供包括支撑件和多个基底保持器的组件，其中所述基底保持器以环形结构布置，其中涂覆喷嘴位于由基底保持器形成的环形结构内；将基底安装到基底保持器上；通过为支撑件充电而为基底充电，所述支撑件为基底保持器充电，所述基底安装在基底保持器上；和将充电的基底从涂覆喷嘴暴露在涂覆颗粒下，其中充电的基底吸引涂覆颗粒，其中在涂覆过程中在维持基底稳定的同时所述涂覆颗粒沉积在基底上。
5、定义
如在本说明书中使用的，下列词和短语通常旨在具有如下所述的意义，除非在它们使用的上下文中另有所指。
本文使用的“基底”，指的是需要沉积涂覆的任意表面，所述涂覆包括聚合物和药物或生物制剂，其中涂覆工艺并不在本质上改变药物制剂的形态或生物制剂的活性。生物医学植入物是本发明的具体益处；然而本发明不旨在限制于此类基底。本领域技术人员将认识到可从本文描述的涂覆工艺获得益处的可替换基底(例如药物片芯)作为化验装置的一部分或作为诊断试剂盒中的组件(例如试纸)。
本文使用的“生物医学植入物”指的是插入人体或动物体内的任意植入物，包括，但不限于，支架(例如，血管支架，外围支架)，电极，导管，引线，可植入起搏器，心率转变器或除纤颤器外壳，关节，螺丝，杆，眼科植入物，股骨销，骨盘，移植，吻合设备，血管包覆物，缝线，卡钉，脑积水分流器，透析移植，结肠造瘘袋附件设备，耳道疏通管，起搏器以及可植入心律转变器和除纤颤器的引线，椎间盘，骨销，缝合锚钉，止血屏障，夹具，螺丝，盘，夹子，血管植入物，组织粘结剂和密封剂，组织支架，各种类型的敷料剂(例如，创伤敷料剂)，骨替代物，腔内设备，血管支撑件，等。
植入物可由任意适合材料形成，包括，但不限于，有机聚合物(包括稳定或惰性聚合物和生物可降解聚合物)，金属，无机材料，例如硅，以及其组合，包括具有一种材料的核和一种或多种不同材料涂覆的分层结构。由导电材料制成的基底利于静电捕获。然而，本发明结合具有低传导率或不导电的基底考虑使用静电捕获。为了增强当使用不导电的基底时的静电捕获，在保持基底附近强电场的同时处理基底。
可使用或插入本发明的生物医学植入物的物体包括人体(包括男性和女性人体，以及婴儿、少年、青年、中年和老年人体)以及兽医方面的动物体(包括，但不限于，狗、猫、马、猴等)
在一个优选的实施例中，生物医学植入物为可扩张的腔内血管移植或支架(例如，包括丝网管)，其可通过与导管有关的球囊扩张血管成形术在血管内扩张以扩大或扩张血管内腔，例如PalmazShaz发明的美国专利No.4,733,665中所描述的。在另一个实施例中生物医学植入物是自扩张腔内血管支架(例如包括记忆金属，如Ni-Ti或镍钛合金)，其可通过导管输送以扩大或扩张血管内腔。
本文使用的“聚合物”指的是一系列重复单体单元，其可为交联或聚合的。任意适合的聚合物可用于实现本发明。本发明的聚合物还可包括二种、三种、四种或更多种聚合物。在本发明的一些实施例中，只使用了一种聚合物。在一些优选的实施例中，使用了两种聚合物的组合。为了提供不同性质的涂覆，可改变聚合物组合的比例。高分子化学领域技术人员应熟悉聚合物的不同性质。本发明中可使用的聚合物例子包括，但不限于，多元羧酸，纤维素聚合物，蛋白质，多肽，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，马来酸酐聚合物，聚酰胺，聚乙烯醇，聚环氧乙烷，葡萄糖胺聚糖，多糖，聚酯，聚氨酯，聚苯乙烯，共聚物，聚硅酮，聚原磷酯，聚酸酐，乙烯基单体的共聚物，聚碳酸酯，聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚乳酸，聚乙醇酸，聚己内酯，聚羟基丁酸酯戊酸盐，聚丙烯酰胺，聚醚，聚氨酯分散体，聚丙烯酸酯，丙烯酸胶乳分散体，聚丙烯酸，其混合物和共聚体。本发明的聚合物可为自然的或由原体人工合成的，包括凝胶，壳聚糖，糊精，环糊精，聚(氨酯)，聚(硅氧烷)或聚硅酮，聚(丙烯酸酯)，如聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)，聚(甲基丙烯酸丁酯)和聚(2-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)；聚(乙烯醇)聚(烯烃)，如聚(乙烯)，聚(异戊二烯)；卤化聚合物，如聚(四氟乙烯)-和衍生物和共聚物，如通常所售的特氟隆
产品，聚(氟乙烯)，聚(乙酸乙烯酯)，聚(乙烯基吡咯烷酮)。聚(丙烯酸)，聚丙烯酰胺，聚(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物)，聚(乙二醇)，聚(丙二醇)，聚(甲基丙烯酸)，等。适合的聚合物还包括可吸收和/或可再吸收的聚合物，包括以下物质的组合共聚物和衍生物：聚乳酸(PLA)，聚乙醇酸交酯(PGA)，聚(乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物)(PLGA)，聚酐，聚原酸酯，聚(N-(2-羟丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺)，聚(1-丙交酯)等。
由此描述了本发明的优选实施例，本领域技术人员在不脱离所附权利要求范围的情况下，能够容易地将本文的教导用于其他实施例。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于在涂覆工艺工程中可移除地保持支架的支架保持器，其特征在于，所述支架保持器在涂覆工艺工程中为所述支架充电，所述保持器在所述支架周围形成电场，所述保持器包括支架安装部分，所述支架安装部分包括两个臂，所述支架安装到所述两个臂上，所述支架安装部分具有塌陷和扩张状态，其中，所述塌陷状态减少了所述支架安装部分和所述支架之间在所述支架安装部分上的支架移除或支架布置过程中的接触，其中处于所述扩张状态的所述支架安装部分能够将电荷传导至所述支架，并且在将支架安装到所述支架安装部分上时处于所述扩张状态的所述支架安装部分沿相反方向在所述支架的内表面上施力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的支架保持器，其特征在于，所述两个臂由选自形状记忆金属合金或不锈钢的导电材料制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的支架保持器，其特征在于，所述保持器包括用于遮蔽至少部分所述支架的遮挡件。
4.根据权利要求1所述的支架保持器，其特征在于，所述保持器包括用于与支撑件界面连接的支撑件界面连接部分，其中，所述支撑件支撑所述支撑件界面连接部分并为所述支撑件界面连接部分充电。
5.根据权利要求1所述的支架保持器，其特征在于，所述两个臂包括椭圆部分。
6.根据权利要求1所述的支架保持器，其特征在于，其中处于所述扩张状态的所述支架安装部分具有的外径近似等于所述支架内径，以便在最小化支架变形的同时牢固地安装所述支架。
7.根据权利要求4所述的支架保持器，其特征在于，所述支撑件界面连接部分具有塌陷和扩张状态，其中，所述支撑件界面连接部分在其扩张状态将所述支架保持器耦接至支撑件的支撑件耦接部分并为所述支架保持器充电，其中，所述支撑件界面连接部分在其塌陷状态减小所述支撑件的支撑件耦接部分和所述支架保持器之间的接触。
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- 2007-10-23 CN CN2007800474256A patent/CN101678388B/zh active Active
- 2007-10-23 WO PCT/US2007/082275 patent/WO2008052000A2/en active Application Filing
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| JP5336382B2 (ja) | 2013-11-06 |
| CN101678388A (zh) | 2010-03-24 |
| US9539593B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 |
| EP2081694B1 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
| CA2667228C (en) | 2015-07-14 |
| EP2081694A2 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
| JP2010507465A (ja) | 2010-03-11 |
| US20080095919A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
| WO2008052000A2 (en) | 2008-05-02 |
| WO2008052000A3 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
| CA2667228A1 (en) | 2008-05-02 |
| CN102886326A (zh) | 2013-01-23 |
| EP2081694A4 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
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