CN1016594B - 改进锁定和分配结构的可压缩的中空制品 - Google Patents
改进锁定和分配结构的可压缩的中空制品Info
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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- B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
- B65D1/0223—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
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- Y10S215/00—Bottles and jars
- Y10S215/90—Collapsible wall structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S215/00—Bottles and jars
- Y10S215/902—Vent
Abstract
中空制品,如塑料瓶和管有一个包括伸缩锁定管的侧壁部分,它由改进的内、外折叠环构成,以减少未折叠与折叠(锁定)时管壁间的角度变化。改进的结构减少或避免了伸缩管第一次锁定时内折叠环处的“结晶”破裂及分层,因而使高密度线性聚合物塑料得以更好地应用。改进的结构也可使低密度聚合物塑料用于伸缩锁定管,而其他的厚度及结构则最终导致弹回而不是锁定。此外,还公开了一种装有锁定和非锁定伸缩管及突出底座的分配瓶。
Description
本发明所涉及的是一种中空制品、例如:有柔韧性塑料结构的容器或管子,特别是那些由许多伸缩管壁组成的、以便让容器或管子压缩的制品,美国专利4492313(美国再公告专利Re32379)已公开了这种容器制品的一个例子,而其它这种可收缩容器的例子则公开在上述再公告专利所引用的那些参考资料中。
现已证明对于大多数塑料来说,使用上述专利所制造的这些瓶子是成功的,但是,对于某些塑料来说折叠的作用将引起内折叠环出现龟裂或者微裂,而在透明的瓶体上出现半透明或者雾状的环,这种龟裂或微裂是塑性材料在其内部折叠环上由于急剧的角变形而引起的。尽管这种龟裂和微裂并不损害瓶子的外观、并有利于瓶子的折叠和锁定,但是它却削弱了瓶子的强度。
特别是,例如:高密度聚乙烯瓶在其制好后的第一次或者最初的压缩之后,它的锁定即得到了改善,并且它的强度没有受到严重的削弱,然而聚氯乙烯瓶在其最初的压缩之后,却在内折叠环处出现塑料开裂而被削弱,从而使瓶子无法使用。
由弹性体材料,聚对苯二甲酸乙酯和低密度塑料吹制的瓶子通常不会由于其初次压缩而在其内折叠环产生分层或裂纹,并且瓶子的强度也不会改变,但是其锁定作用却会被削弱,因而它不能象高密度塑料瓶那样自如地被压缩。
为了使由各种塑料所制成的可收缩瓶和其它中空制品的锁定作用更有效,申请人作了如下所叙述的改进。
对中空制品(例如:塑料瓶和管)的伸缩锁定管的进一步改进包括:一段由改进的内折叠环所形成的伸缩管壁。此伸缩管壁是通过减少靠近内折叠环处的侧壁的斜率,以减少内折叠环处侧壁间的未折叠(未
弯折)角而得以改进的。除了紧靠内折叠环处的管壁以外,其它伸缩管壁的斜率都未改变。这种改进了的内折叠环的中空制品可以自如地进行体积或长度的改变。
这种改进的结构由于减少了或避免了伸缩管第一次锁定时内折叠环处的“结晶”破裂,因而使高密度线性聚合物塑料得以更好的应用。同时,由于塑料不会出现超出弹性极限的形变,因此,瓶子的材料也就不会在内折叠环处由于出现裂纹而削弱。并且伸缩管还仍然能够自如地进行折叠和锁定,因此,这种改进的内折叠环,可使高密度线性聚乙烯和聚氯乙烯塑料广泛地应用于折叠瓶及其它中空制品。
这种改进的结构同样有利于低密度聚合物塑料、弹性体及橡胶材料,而不采用这种结构将使正常的锁定受到阻碍,并由此使其回复到未压缩状态。此外,令人惊奇的是,通过减少上述较硬塑料的形变或者减少较软和有弹性的材料在内折叠环处的形变,都可使伸缩管的锁定作用得到改进。在这两种情况下,在瓶子或中空制品内侧的内折叠环的角被加工或模制成非常大的角(接近360°)而仅有少数或较少的角度留给压缩过程中以用于形变,以便补偿分布在伸缩壁上靠近内折叠环处的不可避免的形变。
下面以分配瓶为例来说明使用改进的伸缩锁定管及非伸缩锁定管的中空制品。尽管此处说明的分配瓶具有本申请的改进的伸缩锁定管,但是它也可以采用申请人前述专利中的伸缩锁定管。因此各种瓶子材料都可适用于这些分配管。
图1a和图1b所示的是未改进的锁定的伸缩管内折叠环处的部分剖面图。
图2a和图2b所示的是改进的锁定的伸缩管内折叠环处的部分剖面图。
图3a和图3b所示的是另外一种改进的锁定的伸缩管内折叠环处的
部分剖面图。
图4a和图4b是带有改进伸缩管的中空制品的部分横截面图。
图5是带有改进伸缩管的分配瓶的横截面图。
图6是分配瓶完全压缩时的横截面图。
图1a和图1b所表示的是未折叠与折叠时,内折叠环14处的两个伸缩壁10和12间的角度关系。通常约为90°的锐角16是向外的,约为270°的钝角18向内或向着实质上为圆筒形的中空制品的轴11。当锁定压缩时,锐角16变为5°,而钝角18增至355°。内折叠环处85°的角度改变必然引起内折叠环处塑料材料的变形。为了清楚起见所示的角度已经放大了。内折叠环14处的结晶或分层和细微裂缝对于某些材料是有助于使伸缩管更可靠地锁定及保持锁定的。
新制成的中空制品在第一次压缩之前实质上需要较大的力才能压缩,因为它的内折叠环还未受到结晶、龟裂、裂纹的损害,因此它也就不能象铰链那样有效地作用。随着初次压缩及内折叠环上的形变,折叠环变成了一个铰链,因此也就不再需要较大的力去产生形变了,因此也就可以更容易、更可靠地进行伸缩管的形变及锁定了。新制成的中空制品在内折叠环处取较小的半径被认为是有利于第一次压缩的,上述的作用仅仅对于结晶塑料(例如:某些种类的高密度聚丙烯和聚氯乙烯)是最为适用的,然而对于某些种类的聚氯乙烯,结晶和龟裂会削弱内折叠环的侧壁、使其超过所允许的限度而不能应用,特别是在多级伸缩瓶组受到压缩时更是如此,而这种多级伸缩瓶组在瓶子已经储存和运输后,为了满足装料的要求而将瓶子加长是需要的。
然而,对于大多数弹塑性材料,特别是塑料来说,伸缩管内折叠环的形变并不引起结晶和龟裂,这样由于内折叠环不能被削弱而成为铰链,因此也就不能有效地进行锁定,这样,每次压缩实际上都需要同样的力,树脂原有的记忆也仍然保持着,并抵抗着瓶子的锁定状态。
对碳酸饮料来说唯一合适的树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙酯就是不结晶的、因而也就不能可靠地形成更好的锁定作用所必要的铰链式内折叠环。
图2a和图2b所示的是未折叠与折叠或者锁定位置时,两个伸缩壁间的改进的角度关系,在未折叠位置,侧壁20和22间的角度关系仍与上述的相同大约为90°,13和15与中心线11的角度关系也与上述的相同,在每个侧壁上靠近内折叠环处,侧壁20和22的分别由标号24和26所表示的角度关系改变成约为140°的角,这一改变不必呈一突变(折线状)的状况,而可是呈一条光滑曲线的过渡变化,结果模制好的内折叠环处侧壁间的未折叠角28约为10°(为了清楚起见放大了)。
如图2b所示随着折叠到锁定位置,角28减少到约5°,而角24和26则增至160°,而内折叠环14的各侧壁与中心线11间的角度关系则如图所示增至17和19,然而内折叠环的形变却大大减少了。图1所示的未改进的内折叠环,其角度变化是从90°至5°,即减少到原来的十八分之一,而图2所示的改进的内折叠环,其角度变化是从10°至5°,只减少到原来的一半,而角24和26的20°的增加只是一个很少的形变,并且分布在侧壁的较大的范围内。图2及下面图3的改进的内折叠环在厚度上都趋向于较薄,因为模制出的外形是由型坯在制造瓶子的瓶模中吹制而成的,而变薄则代替了未改进的内折叠环的铰链作用。
在图3a和图3b中,改进的内折叠环角度关系通过在内折叠环处将其制成具有角度实际为0°的角30的“U”形截面而被减少了,每个侧壁32和34的多半部分间的角度仍然保持约为90°,但是,在未折叠和模制状态的角36和38的角度改变较大。当折叠及锁定时,角36和38的弹性形变比图2的例子稍有增加。但是,形变仍然是较小的并且分布在较大的范围上。
形变的大幅度降低减少了由较硬塑料材料的结晶和龟裂所引起的
强度削弱,并且令人惊奇的是有利于非结晶的高弹性塑料有效地用于中空制品的伸缩锁定管。在后者的弹性塑料情况中,较小的形变不能储存足够的弹性能,以使伸缩管从锁定状态自动回复到未锁定状态。在前面的较硬塑料情况中,形变不足以削弱内折叠环处或靠近内折叠环处的塑料侧壁。
图4a和图4b所示的实际上为圆筒形中空制品的多级伸缩管部分,内折叠环40的结构既可以是图2和图3所示的结构,也可以是图1所表示的申请人以前的结构,其中伸缩管仍然保持不等的侧壁42和44,但是外折叠环46的尖角则由一定的圆角48代替而改进。由于外折叠环直径最大,壁厚最小,而较尖的边缘所形成的集中接触面在制造、储存、装料、运输过程中会由于不当的操作而更容易受到损坏和刺破。对外折叠环46的改进48,由于减少了集中接触,因此也减少了损坏的可能。
在中空制品,特别是瓶子和罐子中,与直壁的相比采用伸缩管结构可以增加侧壁的刚度和强度,但同时也增加了10%到40%的材料。然而,由于伸缩管能够类似于弹簧从地上弹起而形成缓冲作用,因此具有伸缩管结构的瓶子比传统的瓶子更能经受落地试验。
如图4a和图4b所示,尽管改进了外折叠环46,伸缩管仍然按照同样方式压缩和锁定,对于适合锁定的不等侧壁的伸缩管形状,内折叠环40的形状已发现要比外折叠环46的形状要求要严的多。
图5和图6所示的分配瓶,实质上是在圆筒形的中空制品上,采用不锁定的伸缩侧壁50和锁定的伸缩侧壁52。分配瓶的盖子54包括一个分配口或嘴56和一个供使用者向下按压的位置58,盖子54可以通过传统的方法,例如:模制在盖子上的以及瓶子啮合部位上的螺纹或牙扣而与瓶子相连接。
在大多数使用情况中,并且根据瓶子所装的液体的性质,分配嘴56一般都伸入到液体60中,液体一般装满到大约非锁定伸缩管50的位
置。如图所示,非锁定伸缩管50通常设置在伸缩锁定管52的上面,但是,在某些使用情况下,它也可以设置在伸缩锁定管的下面或侧壁伸缩锁定管的中上和中下部分。
通过按压位置58,液体通过开口56被分配,当松开58后,空气从传统的单向阀62进入瓶内,以便使非伸缩锁定管50回到张开位置,随着反复分配,伸缩锁定管不断被压缩,液体被分配直到如图6所示的完全锁定为止。如图6所示,瓶子带有一个突起的底座64,伸缩锁定管环绕着它而被压缩,因此,瓶子内只留下最小量的未分配液体、当分配瓶吹制成型时,突出的底座64可以采用特殊的活动模具来成型,或者底座是个分开的部件,由声波焊到瓶子的开口底部,突出的底座也可以在模制时通过双稳定的突出物从瓶子的底部来制造,然后在瓶子成型及冷却后,在底座内折断。
Claims (7)
1、一种可压缩的中空制品,具有实质上绕轴的圆筒形侧壁,并形成有许多实质上为环形的伸缩管,这些伸缩管由短的和长的圆锥部分交替构成,短圆锥部分的多半部分侧壁与圆筒侧壁的轴间夹角大于长圆锥部分的多半部分侧壁与圆筒侧壁的轴间夹角,长、短圆锥部分延伸到内外折叠环处相互结合成为整体,其特征在于,增加至少一个圆锥部分靠近其内折叠环处的圆锥部分侧壁与轴间的夹角。
2、根据权利要求1的可压缩中空制品,其特征在于,长圆锥部分和短圆锥部分的靠近内折叠环处的侧壁与轴间的夹角都大于多半部分圆锥侧壁与轴间的夹角。
3、一种可压缩的中空制品,具有一个侧壁,它实质上包括一个绕轴旋转而成的表面,至少一部分所说的侧壁形成多个环绕延伸的伸缩管,所说的伸缩管实质上包括朝上和朝下的、并在内和外折叠环处连接在一起的圆锥部分,其特征在于,内折叠环处的圆锥部分侧壁与轴间的夹角大于同一圆锥部分的另外多半部分侧壁与轴间的夹角。
4、根据权利要求3的可压缩中空制品,其特征在于,相邻的圆锥部分的多半部分侧壁间的夹角在压缩中角度的改变数倍于同一相邻圆锥部分靠近内折叠环处侧壁间的夹角在压缩中角度的改变。
5、一种容器,包括一个盖子和一个底,一个将盖子与底连接起来的侧壁,所说的侧壁包括多个实质上为环形的伸缩管,所说的环形伸缩管的一部分在压缩时不锁定,其余部分在压缩时则锁定,其中伸缩管的侧壁实质上是圆锥截面,锁定和非锁定伸缩管它们各自的相邻侧壁的夹角是相同的,内折叠环和外折叠环将相邻伸缩管的侧壁连接起来,其特征在于,伸缩锁定管的内折叠环其靠近内折叠环处的一对相邻伸缩管侧壁间的夹角小于同一对伸缩管侧壁多半部分间的夹角。
6、一种可压缩的中空制品,具有环形的侧壁,至少一部分所说的侧壁形成多个环绕延伸的伸缩管,所说的伸缩管通常包括与内、外折叠环相连的圆锥侧壁部分,其特征在于,外折叠环与内折叠环相比实质上是凸出的圆角,内折叠环在压缩过程中实质上保持固定的直径。
7、根据权利要求6的可伸缩中空制品,其特征在于,靠近内折叠环的圆锥侧壁间夹角小于离开内折叠环一段距离的圆锥侧壁间夹角。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US916,528 | 1986-10-08 | ||
US06/916,528 US4773458A (en) | 1986-10-08 | 1986-10-08 | Collapsible hollow articles with improved latching and dispensing configurations |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN87107832A CN87107832A (zh) | 1988-06-15 |
CN1016594B true CN1016594B (zh) | 1992-05-13 |
Family
ID=25437416
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN87107832A Expired CN1016594B (zh) | 1986-10-08 | 1987-10-08 | 改进锁定和分配结构的可压缩的中空制品 |
Country Status (22)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4773458A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0263536A3 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR970002206B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1016594B (zh) |
AR (1) | AR245062A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU611390B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR8703073A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1308671C (zh) |
DD (1) | DD275029A5 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK366187A (zh) |
FI (1) | FI873117A (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT52441A (zh) |
IL (1) | IL84115A (zh) |
MA (1) | MA21079A1 (zh) |
MC (1) | MC1933A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX171767B (zh) |
NO (1) | NO872935L (zh) |
PL (1) | PL268115A1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT85324A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1988002726A1 (zh) |
YU (1) | YU186787A (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA877526B (zh) |
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-
1986
- 1986-10-08 US US06/916,528 patent/US4773458A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-06-04 AR AR87307839A patent/AR245062A1/es active
- 1987-06-19 BR BR8703073A patent/BR8703073A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-25 KR KR1019870006463A patent/KR970002206B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1987-07-14 NO NO872935A patent/NO872935L/no unknown
- 1987-07-14 PT PT85324A patent/PT85324A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-07-14 FI FI873117A patent/FI873117A/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-14 EP EP87201334A patent/EP0263536A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-07-14 AU AU75615/87A patent/AU611390B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-07-14 DK DK366187A patent/DK366187A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-08-03 MX MX007565A patent/MX171767B/es unknown
- 1987-10-06 IL IL84115A patent/IL84115A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-10-06 DD DD87307713A patent/DD275029A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-10-07 MC MC872569D patent/MC1933A1/xx unknown
- 1987-10-07 WO PCT/US1987/002569 patent/WO1988002726A1/en unknown
- 1987-10-07 ZA ZA877526A patent/ZA877526B/xx unknown
- 1987-10-07 CA CA000548743A patent/CA1308671C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-10-07 MA MA21320A patent/MA21079A1/fr unknown
- 1987-10-07 HU HU875514A patent/HUT52441A/hu unknown
- 1987-10-08 YU YU01867/87A patent/YU186787A/xx unknown
- 1987-10-08 PL PL1987268115A patent/PL268115A1/xx unknown
- 1987-10-08 CN CN87107832A patent/CN1016594B/zh not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4773458A (en) | 1988-09-27 |
KR970002206B1 (ko) | 1997-02-25 |
IL84115A (en) | 1991-04-15 |
MA21079A1 (fr) | 1988-07-01 |
CA1308671C (en) | 1992-10-13 |
AR245062A1 (es) | 1993-12-30 |
WO1988002726A1 (en) | 1988-04-21 |
CN87107832A (zh) | 1988-06-15 |
NO872935D0 (no) | 1987-07-14 |
HUT52441A (en) | 1990-07-28 |
KR890000318A (ko) | 1989-03-13 |
AU7561587A (en) | 1988-04-14 |
IL84115A0 (en) | 1988-03-31 |
EP0263536A3 (en) | 1989-03-22 |
MC1933A1 (fr) | 1989-05-19 |
DD275029A5 (de) | 1990-01-10 |
PL268115A1 (en) | 1988-09-15 |
FI873117A0 (fi) | 1987-07-14 |
DK366187A (da) | 1988-04-09 |
FI873117A (fi) | 1988-04-09 |
DK366187D0 (da) | 1987-07-14 |
BR8703073A (pt) | 1988-05-24 |
ZA877526B (en) | 1988-07-27 |
YU186787A (en) | 1989-02-28 |
PT85324A (pt) | 1988-11-30 |
AU611390B2 (en) | 1991-06-13 |
MX171767B (es) | 1993-11-15 |
NO872935L (no) | 1988-04-11 |
EP0263536A2 (en) | 1988-04-13 |
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