CN101573090B - 假体夹持器及其应用 - Google Patents

假体夹持器及其应用 Download PDF

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CN101573090B
CN101573090B CN200780044274.9A CN200780044274A CN101573090B CN 101573090 B CN101573090 B CN 101573090B CN 200780044274 A CN200780044274 A CN 200780044274A CN 101573090 B CN101573090 B CN 101573090B
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prosthesis
intervertebral disk
holder
prosthese
prosthesis holder
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CN101573090A (zh
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克里斯托夫·菲雷尔
热罗姆·勒维厄
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Spineart SA
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/4611Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
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Abstract

用于椎间盘假体(2)的由射线可透的材料制成的假体夹持器(1),其由至少两个相对于彼此可移动的部件构成,在一侧它包括用于联接至把手的元件(9),在另一侧包括用于可逆地联接至椎间盘假体的元件,设置所述可逆的联接元件是为了当椎间盘假体正确地压紧在两根脊椎骨之间时,允许通过施加垂直至脊柱的简单牵引力分离,当椎间盘假体不正确地压紧时,调整椎间盘假体上的可逆的联接元件的保持力,以便不允许通过简单牵引力分离,以及包括假体夹持器和椎间盘假体的组件。

Description

假体夹持器及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及用于椎间盘的假体夹持器及其应用。
背景技术
脊柱病理是通过所谓的“非融合”技术和特别是通过植入椎间盘假体逐渐地治疗的。
这些假体看来似乎产生了良好的效果。
然而,它们的植入是重大且有时困难的操作。事实上,植入的容易度和精确度对最终结果起主要作用,几乎和椎间盘假体本身的质量差不多。
事实上,假体在椎间盘空间中的位置必须完美,以确保适当的机能。在外科手术期间外科医生使用X光核实假体的位置。
椎间盘假体是很难操作的小物件(其最大尺寸约为一个厘米,厚度为几个毫米)。因此其安装需利用一种称为假体夹持器或嵌入工具的独立装置。配有把手或手柄的该装置被牢牢固定到假体上,以允许外科医生用力操持假体。安装假体后,该装置必须能够被取出来,而假体留在适当的位置上。
目前,这些装置通常是复杂的。特别是,将假体安装在假体夹持器上被证明是困难的。此外,这些假体夹持器由射线不透过(radio-opaque)材料制成,这不利于假体位置的X光可视化。
某些假体(例如来自Scient’X的Cervidisc假体或来自Medtronics的Prestige假体)夹持器形成夹子,所述夹子将紧握住假体。当假体安装在正确的位置时,通过从夹子上松开或拉(pulling on)把手从而释放假体。
上述这样的装置很好用,然而,将假体安装在假体夹持器上是困难的,且在介入治疗期间必须由外科医生或胜任的护理人员操作。这代表着时间损失和失败风险。此外,这些装置是射线不透过的,通常它们是金属的。当假体安装就位,外科医生检查它的位置(通常以侧面)从而了解它是否适当或是否必须被移动(例如进一步压紧)。这由X光操作。因此,外科医生很难区别假体和假体夹持器;特别是,外科医生难以肉眼观察与假体夹持器接触的假体的正面位置。
此外,无论现有的系统是什么(来自Medtronics的Maverick假体,来自LDR的Mobi-c,来自Synthes Prodisc),将假体夹持器从假体中分开不能确保椎间盘空间中植入物的稳定性。事实上,外科医生松开假体夹持器然后取出它。因此,当它被松开,它可以容易地被释放,即使该假体在该空间中不是很稳定。
此外,该椎间盘假体由至少两个相对于彼此可移动的部件构成,在介入治疗期间在操作组中将这些假体安装到它们的假体夹持器上并不容易(对于Prodisc(Synthes)或Prestige(Medtronics)或Cervidisc假体(Scient′X)尤其是这样)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过提出由射线可透的材料制成的假体夹持器来弥补上述假体夹持器的缺点,一方面所述假体夹持器旨在通过一夹紧机构固定到假体上,另一方面该假体夹持器具有一可逆的联接元件,该元件带有一把手,所述把手例如是有螺纹的或其他的孔。
在长时间的研究后,本申请人开发出一种假体夹持器,所述假体夹持器尤其不会妨碍假体的定位,所述假体夹持器是容易取出的,并且所述假体夹持器还可以验证假体的稳定性。此外,在操作间中进行的对假体的联接非常容易(例如简单拧紧)。
因此本申请的主题是用于椎间盘假体的假体夹持器,其特点在于该夹持器由射线可透的材料制成,在一侧该夹持器包括用于联接至把手的元件,在另一侧该夹持器包括用于可逆地联接至椎间盘假体的元件,当所述椎间盘假体在两根脊椎骨之间保持稳定时,所述可逆的联接元件设置成允许通过垂直施加于脊柱的简单牵引力分离,当所述椎间盘假体在两根脊椎骨之间不稳定时,所述可逆的联接元件在所述椎间盘假体上的保持力被设置为不允许通过简单牵引力分离,用于稳固地联接椎间盘假体的可移动部件的所述设置包括凹槽或肋状物。
因此,当该椎间盘假体正确地压紧在两根脊椎骨之间且稳定性是符合标准的,通过简单牵引力来进行分离。另一方面,如果该椎间盘假体没有正确地压紧或如果假体尺寸选择不正确(太小),该假体不稳定,在这种情况下,在外科医生施加牵引力时,椎间盘假体取出,且外科医生了解该椎间盘假体没有正确地压紧或其尺寸不适合于所述的椎间盘空间。
在本申请和在本文的其余其他部分中,词语“可逆的联接”代表可以随后分离的联接,特别是不使用工具进行分离。
用于假体夹持器至椎间盘假体的可逆联接的元件可以采取众多形式。优选它包括与设置在假体上的凸轮相联的随动装置,所述随动装置弹性地设置在该假体夹持器上。
例如,该随动装置为设置在假体夹持器的U形臂部上的凸出部分(形成叉),所述臂部设置成能夹紧假体,所述凸出部分指向所述U形臂部的内部。优选该凸出部分设置成指向U形臂部的端部。
在联接期间,该随动装置例如通过凹槽或肋状物引导,所述凹槽或肋状物构成凸轮的起始部分,然后该凹槽或肋状物变成中空,且该随动装置(凸出部分)将置于所形成的凹槽中,从而稳固地容纳假体。
优选在每个臂部上设置随动装置,特别是以相对于取出方向对称的位置设置随动装置。有利地,设置4个随动装置。
在以上实施例中,中空凸轮的深度、带有随动装置的臂部的厚度、长度以及它们的几何形状(特别是横截面轮廓),和构成假体夹持器的材料一同决定了椎间盘假体上可逆的联接元件的保持力。本领域技术人员可以通过一些简单实验确定必需的参数,以得到所需的保持力。
对于用于颈部区域的假体,脱离所必需的保持力可以是6至30牛顿,优选8至25N,特别是9至20N,相当特别的是10至15N。
对于用于腰部区域的假体,脱离所必需的保持力可以是8至50牛顿,优选10至40N,特别是12至30N,相当特别的是15至25N。
本领域技术人员了解,该凸出部分可以设置在假体夹持器的不同位置上,只要它们被弹性地设置,且在假体上设置相应的凹槽。类似地,凸出部分可以位于假体上,凹槽位于假体夹持器上。
用于将假体夹持器可逆地联接至椎间盘假体的元件还可以包括栓钉(优选圆柱形),用于适配到假体中为该目的而提供的相应的孔中。该栓钉可以被刻痕并略微开口,以便能够用力安装并通过粘附力容纳假体,还需要最小的努力以实现分离。
叉形假体夹持器的侧摩擦表面和假体的侧摩擦表面还可以实际上是平行略微梯形的(例如具有0.5至1°的相对倾角),短的底部朝向所述叉的开口。腹板可以连接叉形假体夹持器的分支,且在有腹板部分上可以提供凸出部分或凹槽。
本领域技术人员可以容易地了解,词语“一个”表示“至少一个”。例如当文中描述用于椎间盘假体的假体夹持器的可逆的联接元件可以包括与设置于假体上的凸轮相联的“随动装置”,其意思是“至少一个随动装置”。
在实施本发明的优选条件之下,上述假体夹持器包括一分离把手和夹持部分,以及用于将该把手可逆地联接至该夹持部分的系统。
所述把手允许外科医生握紧该假体夹持器,假体的插入和压紧,以及分离和证实其适当的插入。
所述把手可以本领域技术人员所了解的以任何方式联接至该夹持部分。可以提及的例如螺纹装置、卡口、夹子装置等等。
在实施本发明的优选条件之下,上述假体夹持器包括两条臂部,该两条臂部形成U形夹子。
两条臂部中的每个优选包括凸出部分,所述凸出部分朝向U形的内部。
在实施本发明的其他优选条件之下,用于椎间盘假体的上述假体夹持器具有和椎间盘假体相同的最大宽度。
在实施本发明的其他优选条件之下,上述假体夹持器沿把手方向的长度优选小于10cm,特别小于5cm,更特别小于3cm,相当特别小于2cm。对于用于颈部区域的假体,其宽度优选为1至3cm,特别为1.2至2cm,更特别为1.3至1.9cm,相当特别为约1.5cm。对于用于腰部区域的假体,其宽度优选为2至6cm,特别为3至5cm,更特别为3至4cm,相当特别为约3.5cm。
在实施本发明的其他优选条件之下,用于椎间盘假体的本发明的假体夹持器具有和椎间盘假体相同的最大高度。特别是,用于椎间盘假体的假体夹持器具有和椎间盘假体相同的最大高度以及和椎间盘假体相同的最大宽度。
本发明的假体夹持器是射线可透的。例如它由热塑性树脂制成。所述热塑性树脂例如是高分子量聚乙烯、装填有玻璃或碳纤维的PEEK、或名为Radel的纯的聚苯砜并且优选缩醛(加强或非加强的热塑性缩醛树脂均聚物)。它还可以由两种或两种以上不同的材料制成。在这种情况下,至少用于紧握该假体和与所述假体接触的主要部分优选为射线可透的,以显现椎间盘空间中的假体,同时,该假体夹持器的其余部分是或不是由射线可透的材料制成。
所述把手可以由与假体夹持器相同或不同的材料制成,例如金属,象非常合适的不锈钢。
本发明主题的假体夹持器具有非常有用的质量。
所述叉是射线可透的,其容易显现椎间盘空间中的假体。此外,根据其设计,简单牵引力足以使其从假体脱离。这在验证假体的稳定性方面也具有优势,事实上在牵引期间,如果假体保持与假体夹持器连接,可以认为其在椎间盘空间中的初级稳定性是不足的,且通常需要选择另一个较大的尺寸。
在介入治疗期间,它们使得椎间盘假体的不同部件结合在一起。由于它们的高度可以比椎间盘假体的高度低,并且类似地,它们的宽度可以比所述椎间盘假体的宽度小,因此,它们有着较小的空间要求。
也可以得到在工厂里就已经适配于假体夹持器的假体。因此,假体夹持器的安装归结为将杆旋入为此目的而提供的螺纹孔中。这种操作是显而易见地简单。
因此,本申请的主题也是组件(或成套工具),包括假体夹持器和假体,优选预设置特别是一把手。优选地,该组件的各种元件是无菌的,特别是在包装期间是无菌的。所述把手可以不是无菌的。
假体夹持器设置成两部分可以额外地避免处理植入物,这种处理可能引起污染风险。如果该假体在工厂中被设置在假体夹持器上,甚至可以在不接触假体的情况下将把手安装在假体夹持器上,这就是所谓的“无接触”技术,即不接触任何东西,这对于无菌操作而言是最安全的。
下文附图中说明了这些性能和质量。它们证明在椎间盘假体在两根脊椎骨之间的安装方面使用上述假体是正确的。
因此,本申请的主题也是用于将椎间盘假体安装在两根脊椎骨之间的方法,其中使用上述假体夹持器将椎间盘假体放置在两根脊椎骨之间。
本申请的主题也是用于选择用于插在两根脊椎骨之间的椎间盘假体的方法,其中使用上述假体夹持器将椎间盘假体放置在两根脊椎骨之间,牵引力施加在假体夹持器上,并观察该椎间盘假体是否保持在适当位置或与假体夹持器脱开。
用于使用上述假体夹持器的优选条件也适用于根据上述本发明的其他主题,特别是适用于包括上述假体夹持器和椎间盘假体的组件。
附图说明
通过参考附图可以更好地理解本发明,附图中:
图1显示椎间盘假体的透视图,所述椎间盘假体由至少两个相对于彼此可移动的部件组成,图示中其部件彼此分开。
图2显示分离的椎间盘假体夹持器及其相应的假体的透视图,
图3显示预安装的椎间盘假体夹持器及其相应的假体的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1显示椎间盘假体,所述椎间盘假体由至少两个相对于彼此可移动的部件组成,图示中其部件彼此分开。
假体2包括一上板和一下板,从上往下看大约为带有圆角的正方形。该实施方式中,假体1的每个板的尺寸约为1.5cm乘1.3cm。下板包括一凹槽,一圆顶25安置在其中。上板包括一凹形的凹槽,其形状与圆顶对应。
假体2包括与图2相应的假体夹持器的凸起元件互补的中空元件。特别地,每个板沿着相对的两侧包括凹槽21形成一凸轮。凹部23(总共四个,两个在假体左边两个在假体右边,即每块板两个)用于接收假体夹持器的凸出部分8。这些元件的尺寸适于假体夹持器的对应元件的尺寸。
假体2的上面和下面包括尖角元件24,其允许在压紧之后固定假体。
图2显示分离的椎间盘假体夹持器1及其相应的假体2。这里所示的假体夹持器1不带有其把手。它通常具有U形叉外观,包括两个分支3、4和中心部分5。每一分支包括三个肋状物,一个中央肋状物6,两个次级肋状物7(附图中每个分支仅可看见一个)。具有显著厚度(根据假体和其预定的颈部或腰部的尺寸,从1至5mm)的中央肋状物6作为主导杆并坚固了该组件,但根据本发明不允许可逆联接。这一特点是由次级肋状物7(厚度为约0.4至3mm)所带来的,所述次级肋状物7在其末端包括一凸出部分8,该凸出部分8向所述叉的内部突出。该凸出部分8作为随动装置。由于该凸出部分8的几何形状(特别是横截面轮廓),其弹性地设置,且这里构成假体夹持器1的材料由缩醛制成,允许该两条臂部相对彼此移动分开。
假体夹持器1和假体2的肋状物协作阻止假体2的部件的移离,且凸出部分8和凹部23的协作,结合圆顶25与假体2上部的凹槽的协作,避免假体2的零件互相滑动,从而稳固地联接假体2的两个部件。
在其中心部分5,假体夹持器2包括一螺纹孔9,一把手(未示意)可以旋进螺纹孔9中。
一腹板10刚性良好地连接两个臂部3和4。
假体夹持器1的高度略微比椎间盘假体2的高度低。在该实施方式中,其在把手方向的长度为约1.5cm,宽度为约1.5cm,高度为约6mm。
这里所示的假体2的两个板移动到一起,圆顶25与上板中的凹入的凹槽接触。
假体2包括与假体夹持器的凸起元件互补的中空元件,特别地,假体2包括形成一凸轮的凹槽21,在联接时凸出部分8与所述凸轮随动。腹板10放置在假体的上板和下板之间的空间22中。假体的凹部23(总共四个,两个在假体左边两个在假体右边,即每块板两个)用于接收假体夹持器的凸出部分8。这些元件的尺寸适于假体夹持器的对应元件的尺寸。
假体2的上面和下面包括尖角元件24,其允许在压紧之后固定假体。
在联接期间,如图3所示,次级肋状物7被插入作为相应凸轮的凹槽21中。在接合时,凸出部分8与凹部23咬合,以便稳固地联接假体2的两个部件。观察附图时,本领域技术人员了解,凸出部分8可以设置在假体夹持器的不同位置上,只要它们被弹性地设置,且假体上提供相应的凹部23。类似地,凸出部分8可以置于假体和假体夹持器的凹部23上。
如图3所示,假体2可以配备有其假体夹持器1,所述假体夹持器1已经在工厂中安装好。因此,假体夹持器的最终安装仅限于将一把手旋入其中心部分5所提供的螺纹孔9中。
凹槽21的凹部23的深度,携带上述随动装置的臂部3、4的长度、厚度以及它们的几何形状(特别是横截面轮廓),和构成假体夹持器1的材料一起确定了假体上的假体夹持器的保持力。
为了取出假体夹持器,以便在适当位置离开假体2,以及为了验证假体2的令人满意的稳定性,在AB方向拉把手就足够了。如果凸出部分8变成从凹部23脱离,从而在适当位置离开假体,这表示假体是令人满意的稳定。假体的部件被释放,且根据圆顶提供的球形接头,板可以相对于彼此移动。
图3也显示,在依靠假体夹持器1来联接假体2的两个部件中使用肋状物可以略微减少组件的空间要求。从附图可以清楚地看到,假体夹持器1事实上具有和椎间盘假体2相同的宽度。它也具有和椎间盘假体2相同的高度。减少的空间要求在外科手术方面特别有用。

Claims (8)

1.用于椎间盘假体(2)的假体夹持器(1),所述椎间盘假体由至少两个相对于彼此可移动的可移动部件构成,其特征在于,所述假体夹持器由射线可透的材料制成,在一侧包括用于联接至把手的元件(9),在另一侧包括具有形成U形夹子的两条臂部(3,4)和中心部分(5)的元件用于可逆地联接至椎间盘假体,所述可逆的联接元件设置成当椎间盘假体在两根脊椎骨之间稳定时允许通过垂直施加于脊柱的简单牵引力分离,椎间盘假体上的可逆的联接元件的保持力被调整为当椎间盘假体在椎骨间的空间中不稳定时不允许通过简单牵引力分离,所述假体夹持器的设置使得所述假体夹持器稳固地联接椎间盘假体的可移动部件,用于稳固地联接椎间盘假体的可移动部件的所述设置包括设置在每条臂部(3,4)上的一个中央肋状物(6)和两个次级肋状物(7),所述次级肋状物(7)在其末端包括向所述U形夹子的内部突出的凸出部分(8),以及设置在每个可移动部件上的沿着其相对两侧形成凸轮的一对凹槽(21),具有凹部(23)用于接收所述假体夹持器(1)的凸出部分(8),在联接期间,每个次级肋状物(7)被插入作为相应凸轮的凹槽(21)中,并且所述凸出部分(8)接合在所述凹部(23)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的假体夹持器,其特征在于,所述凸出部分(8)是设置在椎间盘假体上的凸轮的随动装置,所述随动装置是弹性地设置在假体夹持器上。
3.根据权利要求1至2任一所述的假体夹持器,其特征在于,它还包括一分离把手和用于将把手可逆地联接至假体夹持器(1)的系统。
4.根据权利要求3所述的假体夹持器,其特征在于,它由热塑性树脂制成。
5.组件,包括如权利要求1所定义的假体夹持器和椎间盘假体(2)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的组件,其特征在于,该组件是预安装的。
7.根据权利要求5至6任一所述的组件,其特征在于,该组件包括如权利要求2所定义的假体夹持器(1)。
8.根据权利要求5至6任一所述的组件,其特征在于,该组件包括如权利要求3或4所定义的假体夹持器(1)。
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EP2083762B1 (fr) 2016-06-22
CN101573090A (zh) 2009-11-04
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FR2908978B1 (fr) 2012-08-03
CA2670062A1 (fr) 2008-06-05
US9937060B2 (en) 2018-04-10
BRPI0719369B1 (pt) 2018-07-17
KR20090083435A (ko) 2009-08-03
JP5448834B2 (ja) 2014-03-19
FR2908978A1 (fr) 2008-05-30
MX2009005553A (es) 2009-06-08
JP2010510846A (ja) 2010-04-08
KR101362987B1 (ko) 2014-02-14
US20100023019A1 (en) 2010-01-28
BRPI0719369B8 (pt) 2021-06-22
US20150245924A1 (en) 2015-09-03

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