CN101483440B - Detection, avoidance and/or correction of problematic puncturing patterns in parity bit streams used when implementing turbo codes - Google Patents

Abstract

Detecting, avoiding and/or correcting problematic puncturing patterns in parity bit streams used when implementing punctured Turbo codes is achieved without having to avoid desirable code rates. This enables identification/avoidance of regions of relatively poor Turbo code performance. Forward error correction comprising Turbo coding and puncturing achieves a smooth functional relationship between any measure of performance and the effective coding rate resulting from combining the lower rate code generated by the Turbo encoder (600) with puncturing of the parity bits. In one embodiment, methods to correct/avoid degradations due to Turbo coding are implemented by puncturing interactions when two or more stages of rate matching (610, 620) are employed.

Description

The detection of problematic puncturing pattern in parity bit stream used while implementing turbine code, avoid and/or correct

Patent application of the present invention is that international application no is PCT/US2003/038223, international filing date is on December 3rd, 2003, the application number that enters the China national stage is 200380106125.2, the dividing an application of the application for a patent for invention that denomination of invention is " detection of problematic puncturing pattern in parity bit stream used while implementing turbine code, avoid and/or correct ".

Technical field

The general use of the relevant turbine code of the present invention.In espespecially a kind of puncture turbine code that uses turbo decoder, detect and correct the method that reduces performance.

Background technology

Wireless telecommunication system is well known in this technical field.In general, such system comprises transmission and receives the called station of wireless communication signal each other.Representative, base station be endowed can manage and plurality of users platform (subscriber stations) between wireless parallel communication.In the demal multitask system (CDMA) of third generation mobile partnership project (3GPP) appointment, base station is called node (Node) Bs, subscriber board is called user's equipment (User Equipment, UE), the wave point and between this Node Bs and this UEs is called Uu interface.Fig. 1 represents a typical 3GPP cdma system.

The Uu wave point of a 3GPP communication system is used for transmitting the transmission channel (TrCH) of user's data, and transmits signal between UEs and Node Bs.In 3GPP time division duplex (TDD) communication, one or more physical channels that mutually repels actual resource definition transmits TrCH data.TrCH data transmit with continuous transport block (Transport Blocks, TB) group, and it is defined as transport block group (Transport BlockSets, TBS).Each TBS transmits with the delivery time interval (Transmission Time Interval, TTI) of a regulation, and its TTI can cross over (sapn) a plurality of continuously system time frame (time frames).A typical system time frame is 10 milliseconds, and TTIs is designated as the span (spanning) of 1,2,4 or 8 such time frame now.

Fig. 2 demonstrates 25.222 v3.8.0 according to 3GPP TS, at the TrCHs of tdd mode, is converted to synthetic (Coded Composite) transmission channel (CCTrCH) of coding, is then converted to the processing procedure of one or more physical channels data flow.By TB data, started, enclose Cyclical Redundancy Check code (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC) and carry out connection TB and partition encoding block.Then carry out convolution (convolution) coding or turbine coding, but do not specify in some instances any coding.Step after coding comprises the adjustment that waits change radio frames (frame), interlocks (interleaving) for the first time, cuts apart radio frames and speed.This radio frames cut apart the data on some frames of having divided in the TTI of appointment.Utilize this speed of position repetition or puncture procedure to adjust function, define some positions of the TrCH of each processing, its TrCH formed a CCTrCH data flow in the mode of multitask afterwards.

The pack processing of this CCTrCH data flow containing bit encryption (scrambling), cut apart physical channels, alternation sum reflection is to one or more physical channels for the second time.These a plurality of physical channels are to cutting apart by physical channels.For up link (uplink) transmission, UE is to Node B, and the physical channels maximum of transmitting for CCTrCH is designated as two at present.For down link (downlink) transmission, Node B is to UEs, and the physical channels maximum of transmitting for CCTrCH is designated as 16 at present.Each physical channels data flow is extended by channelization code (channelization codes), and has been tuned as the aerial transmission (airtransmission) on the frequency of appointment.

In the reception/decoding of these TrCH data, this receiving platform this process of reversing in essence.Therefore, the UE of TrCHs and Node B entity receive needs the information of TrCH processing parameter to repair this TBS data.For each TrCH, specify a transformat group (Transport Format Set, TFS) to comprise some predetermined transformats (Transport Format, TF).Each TF specifies different dynamic parameters, comprises TTI, coding form, code rate, speed adjustment and CRC length.For the TrCHs of the CCTrCH of a special frame, the set of the TFSs of predefined is called a transformat combination (Transport FormatCombination, TFC).

The processing procedure of helping receiving platform for the transmission of the Transport Format Combination Indicator (TFCI) of CCTrCH (TFCI).3GPP optionally stipulates " covering (blind) transport format detection " with receiving platform, and wherein this receiving platform is considered effectively possibility TFCIs.Wherein only have an effective TFCI, and use in any example.

In 3GPP, the transmission of time slot (time slot) comes across the transmitting Cong Xun (bursts) of predefined, slot part when slot part is with end when wherein this transmission physical channels is divided into beginning.One optionally training sequence (Midamble) be comprised between these two physical channels data divisions.This TFCI is designated as the arbitrary limit at this training sequence at present, also has two part transmission between two physical channels data divisions.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 be indivedual represents two examples that obtain from 3GPP TR 25.944 V3.5.0, and the block that wherein indicates MA represents training sequence, and the block that is denoted as T represents the part of TFCI.In Fig. 4, this CCTrCH is mapped to two physical channels, but only has one to comprise TFCI.

Fig. 5 a, 5b and Fig. 6 are the channel coding that obtains of the explanation according to 3GPP Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) and the example illustration of multitask.

The coding step of carrying out at communication system, plays the part of a key player in the performance in communication system and ability.Specifically, the data turbine coding of wireless transmission is played the part of a key player in the TDD of 3GPP system and FDD communication.

Turbine coding principle has been applied in information theory widely, and part forms main communication theory and real doing.These principles are used in and wrong control, detect, disturb suppress, etc. change and other communication association area.Turbine code is a kind of system convolution coding form of parallel recurrence, and its coding&decoding that can be used for channel detects and revise the mistake of digital data transfer while occurring in by different channel.Turbine coding in some cases, particularly useful while getting at for data transmissions the theoretical limit that reaches shannon law.These suitable situations generally comprise the transmission of large block data, very useful in mobile communication especially.

Fig. 7 represents that puncture produces the poor performance that so special encoding ratio is expected.At minimum detectable signal noise, measure the loss as 4dB in than (Signal-to-Noise Ratio, SNR) value.

Representative, the coordination position of puncture (eliminate) low rate coding and the two-forty turbine code that produces, until reach desirable code rate.The specific coding that puncture produces is because some puncture bit-type state than the poor performance of expecting.Because the recurrence encoded block in turbo coder has a unlimited impulse response, the information dissemination of relevant each system bits is in this many coordination positions.

In the error control coding scheme of any employing puncture, this puncture bit position will affect performance.This is because the puncture band (strings) of continuous position can be regarded as the Cong Xun mistake (burst errors) of this decoder.All error control methods can only be revised the Cong Xun mistake that is less than some threshold.Therefore, importantly, when design puncture scheme, consider the Cong Xun error correction ability of this coding.Lacking under the customizing messages of error control coding scheme, a good method is the maximum that minimizes this puncture bit strip.For high code rate, this transmits the non-puncture position between block corresponding to uniformly dispersing at this.The puncture scheme of this non-puncture position of uniformly dispersing can stop with some wrong handle generation interactive, and the reduction (degradation) that produces decoder performance.

Because the recurrence encoded block at this turbo coder has unlimited impulse response, relevant each system bits information dissemination is between many these coordination positions.By considering to be retained in the many data in residual coordination position, and some periodically impact of non-puncturing patterns in this coordination position can be described in quality.

The distance that measures this puncturing patterns has to form one the hydraulic performance decline region of deciding this puncture turbine code about the cycle of the half period impulse response of the recurrence encoded block of this turbo coder.

For the turbo coder of 3GPP, the recursive coder of composition has an impulse response, and it is that (half period property semi-periodic) has the periodicity of seven symbol periods for the positive time (positive time).Explanation by this encoder as a maximum length sequence (maximal length sequence is called for short M-sequence) generator can be understood in time, when if this shift register (Shift Register) starts with zero state and only use one when t=0, then this encoder is just for having three rank essence multinomial (primitivepolynomial) and initial condition { the linear feedback shift register of 100} (Linear Feedback ShiftRegister, LFSR), time, can produce the cycle 2 of a positive time ³the maximum length sequence of-1=7.

This encoder is when binary field (binary field) neutral line is non-, to become (LinearTime-Invariant, LTI) system.Therefore, the output of this decoder is the displacement version summation of this encoder pulse response, the position of the corresponding 1 ' s in this TB of each dfisplacement pulse response.If we consider that one is 0 ' whole s inputs during for t > T, and will be also half period property for the output that t > T should form recurrence encoded block.

Some non-puncture cycle can cause the loss about information is scattered in a small set of position in same bit byte.For example, this TB is comprised and follow many seven positions of zero., by the output of observing encoder after a large amount of punctures, attempt to consider to determine the problem of these seven positions now.In each of this output, be viewed as the summation of the subclass of these seven positions, and determine this subclass by the impulse response of this non-puncture cycle and this recurrence encoded block.For the non-puncturing patterns of major part (Periodic correlation of main and this half period property impulse response of its cycle), finally can obtain the summation of seven different subclass.Therefore, form seven system equation formulas with seven unknown numbers.Suppose that they,, for Line independent, can determine the value of these seven positions.Yet consider that this non-puncture cycle is simple (residual coordination position of each cycle), and be also the cycle of this recurrence encoded block 7.Then for t > 6, each is viewed as this seven summations that position same subsets is closed, and therefore cannot obtain new information.The system equation formula of order-1 (rank-1) forms, and unique solution does not exist.This is the periodic nature due to this signal.When this non-puncture cycle main phase is during about cycle of this recurrence encoded block, a series of observations of this coordination position finally will form the system equation formula of order-7.For our Qi Wei group, this enough determines separately this position, and the information that can determine this is to intersperse among between this residual coordination position.When this cycle, be not while being mainly correlated with, the order of this system becomes L/K, and wherein L is the cycle of recurrence encoded block, and K is the common distributor of maximum (Greatest Common Divider, GCD) of L and N, and the cycle that N is this non-puncturing patterns.

In the above description, for purposes of clarity, and supposition be a lot of zero in this groupuscule position afterwards.Yet, allow extra position group to follow first group, be not additional to this about the distribution information of early stage group.This can obtain from the causality of this system.

Some distribution information also may be lost even in the non-simple cycle, for example, considered the simple cycle that this non-puncturing patterns replaces between three and four.This produces one-period seven but has the non-puncturing patterns of two residual coordination positions of each cycle.Above-mentioned same problem produces one and has seven equations and system that order is two, and it is still not enough to determine separately this byte, but reduces the space size that may increase.Clearly, some non-puncturing patterns lose some about the information of this groupuscule position.

In order to obtain suitable usefulness, we need to go to detect, avoid and/or correct the problematic puncturing pattern in this coordination bit stream but do not need to avoid code rate.Typical problem interaction occurs in turbo coder output and between the puncture of speed adjusting stage.

Therefore need to provide one by revising puncturing patterns, produce a method of avoiding the two-forty turbine code of problem interaction.

summary of the invention

According to the invention of this case, confirm that the quality in puncture Correction of Errors coding transmission reduces, and therefore revise coding transmission.Confirm a puncturing patterns that is similar to a specific coding speed, and adjust according to the coupling between this puncturing patterns and this specific coding speed the value that expection reduces.

For FDD and TDD, comprise two speed adjusting stages and two puncture procedures, this is completed by some technical technology that is called incremental redundancy (incremental redundancy).Its wireless transmission/receive unit of permission (WTRU) receives the multiple transmission with soft combination (soft combine) identical TB from base station.If this transmission failure for the first time, this signal is attempted success when transmitting for the second time with more data re-transmission.In order to reach this object, therefore use the puncture of two different phases, because this WTRU has some performance, some its supported cache size, and in order to put into the transmitting again of this buffer memory that is incorporated into two penetration phase.The enough positions of speed adjustment puncture of this first stage, this residual position is placed in a buffer memory, and the puncture of second stage (or repetition) are in order to reach desirable whole code rates.When this two stage speed of combination is adjusted, the problem area of a code rate is multiaspect.Therefore, in two speed that involve at present, one of them speed is in the first stage of puncture, and one in second stage.

According to first preferred embodiment of this case, the P1/P2 puncture deviation that single stage speed is adjusted, carries out by this puncture error correction coding transmission.

The second preferred embodiment according to this case, speed adjustment at every one-phase can be used the two or more stages, in order to detect and to correct at R5 high rate downlink data grouping access (High SpeedDownlink Packet Access, HSDPA) high-speed downstream is shared the performance of the puncture turbine code of channel (High Speed DownlinkShared Channel, HS-DSCH).

Accompanying drawing explanation

The present invention, by following each preferred embodiment accompanying drawing and detailed description, can obtain one and more understand in depth:

Fig. 1 is according to the explanation of 3GPP now, the icon of a typical cdma system;

Fig. 2 is the explanation according to 3GPP TDD, the processing procedure of TrCH data in a CCTrCH;

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the explanations according to 3GPP TDD, channel coding and multitask example schematic;

Fig. 5 a, 5b and Fig. 6 be according to the explanation of 3GPP FDD, channel coding and multitask example schematic;

Fig. 7 is the curve chart of the typical consequence of special yard of puncture generation, the loss that its limit SNR value is 4dB;

Fig. 8 is when P1/P2 produces bias voltage, with high probability and code rate, describes the SNR curve chart for a block of decoding success (limit SNR);

Fig. 9 is the problem area schematic diagram about order even (ordered pair) (r1, r2), and it is the speed of the coordination bit stream that punctures in the first and second stages of speed adjustment individually;

Figure 10 is the circuit block diagram that the 3GPP speed of HSDPA is adjusted, and it uses the HS-DSCH of a turbine coding; And

Figure 11 is for the HS-DSCH transport block with some efficient coding speed, original block error rate (initial Block Error Rate, BLER) curve chart.

Embodiment

The invention relates to some and do not spend and avoid code rate, and can detect, avoid and/or correct method and the embodiment of problematic puncturing pattern in coordination bit stream.

The present invention is also applicable at FDD, CDMA 2000 and the transmission mode of TDD global system for mobile communications (UniversalMobile Telecommunications System, UMTS) and ground floor and the second layer of other transmission mode.In addition, afterwards in order to revise the method for puncturing patterns, the performance that can repair the turbine code of reduction.

About the present invention, its method may be implemented on a wireless transmission/receive unit (WTRU) and/or a base station.The WTRU mentioning afterwards can be used to the device operating under a wireless environment including but not limited to a UE, travelling carriage, fixing or moving user unit, call (pager) or other type.The base station of mentioning afterwards can be including but not limited to a base station, Node-B, controller of platform, access point (access point) or other interface arrangement under a wireless environment.

Fig. 8 is when coordination position P1/P2 produces bias voltage, with high probability and code rate, describes the SNR for a block of decoding success (limit SNR).As shown in Figure 7, we find to puncture the specific code that produces than desirable poor performance, as the peak value showing in figure by 1/3 3GPP turbine code speed.

Fig. 9 is the problem area schematic diagram about order even (ordered pair) (r1, r2), and it is the speed of the coordination bit stream that punctures in the first and second stages of speed adjustment individually.As can be seen, with the puncture speed of bit stream, the special area during for some association rates is so problematic.

In one embodiment, the puncture bias voltage of the P1 of coordination position and P2 is the speed adjustment that is used in the single stage.Figure 10 is that it is used in the HS-DSCH of a turbine coding for the block schematic diagram of the circuit 600 of the 3GPP speed adjustment of HSDPA.This circuit 600 is carried out the 3GPP speed plan for adjustment of a HSDPA.This circuit 600 comprises a circuit split circuit 605, first rate adjusting stage 610, incremental redundancy (IR) buffer 615, the second speed adjusting stage 620 and a position collecting circuit 625.This first rate adjusting stage 610 comprises a coordination 1 (Parity1, P1) bit rate Circuit tuning 630 and coordination 2 (Parity2, P2) bit rate Circuit tuning 635.The P2 bit rate Circuit tuning 650 that this second speed adjusting stage 620 comprises a system bits speed Circuit tuning 640, a P1 bit rate Circuit tuning 645 of adjusting for the second speed and adjusts for the second speed.In operation, process via this first rate adjusting stage 610, this virtual I R buffer 615, this second speed adjusting stage 620 and this collecting circuit 625 this system bits, P1 and P2 position.Notice that this P1 and P2 position are by minute other processing.A data-signal output N is provided in this system bits, P1 and the P2 position of these collecting circuit 625 combinations _data.When the quantity of simultaneously noting this bits of coded is less than or equal to this virtual I R buffer 615 big or small, this first bit rate adjusting stage 630 is transparent transmission (transparent).Consider the first stage case of this transparent transmission and the speed adjustment of Rel-4.

In actual application, a common circuit, as the indication of micro-processor interface circuit and amenable to process, carries out different circuit functions by expection.For implementing this particular electrical circuit function of the present invention using therefore selection of this Circuit tuning in this speed Circuit tuning 600 as those.

If whole code rates is greater than at 1/3 o'clock, the rule that this speed is adjusted is the function of execution puncture, and is being less than at 1/3 o'clock, carries out the function repeating.Current encoder speed be greater than 1/3 complete be owing to applying identical puncture speed but different puncturing patterns phase places to P1 and P2 position (to the inside of position).For fear of the non-puncture periodicity that represents to reduce this turbine code performance, the puncture rate variance of this P1 and P2 is independently.For example suppose the decreased number Δ of P1 position, and the number of P2 position is while increasing Δ, these whole code rates are constant but can avoid the non-puncture cycle of this problem.By this method, avoid this representation speed, and derived an analysis expression that needs deviation.

A simple and efficient method of revising this puncturing patterns is increased in the gap of P1 and P2 puncture bit quantity, be use in the middle of one, increase extra puncture and from another in the middle of the method that removes.This departure should just be used for avoiding some cycle.When the puncture speed of this P1 of deviation and P2 position, must conform with two restrictions.

When use has the cycle, be

non-puncturing patterns time, result produces performance and reduces.Whenever average non-puncture cycle of P1 and P2 position is to individual other even number and odd number

and Yan Shi

± 1 or ± 1/2 in time, will adopt these cycles.

The average non-puncture speed that P1 and P2 speed are adjusted block is I/ (P/2), and wherein I is the bits number in each branch's output of adjusting in speed.And P is whole numbers of the coordination position (P1 and P2) in speed adjustment output.Therefore, desirable code rate will cause a problematic puncturing pattern, if:

equation one

For $\hat{N}>0,$ Wherein:

equation two

In this coordination bit stream 1 of deviation and 2 and during the puncture speed of P1 and P2 position, must conform with two restrictions.

The first, one number Δ must effectively be increased in the residual bits number of coordination bit stream 1, to avoid this problematic puncturing pattern.The second, similar number Δ must reduce the residual bits number at coordination bit stream 2, equally effectively to avoid this problematic puncturing pattern.

These two restrictions can be incorporated into following Δ expression, wherein:

equation three

Step 1) user's formula two is calculated

Bu Sudden bis-) user's formula Yi Come Decision surely whether desirable Bian Code Su Shuai the raw Ge Ask topic puncturing patterns of Productivity.If Words ， The Following Continued Bu Sudden tri-， Fou The Let fixed

Bu Sudden tri-) user's formula three Come Meter calculate deviation delta.

Bu Sudden tetra-) with the form Come Meter that is modified in TS25.212/222, calculate Su and Shuai the whole Ginseng Number of Tone.

For fear of the puncturing patterns that reduces turbine code performance, the puncture quantity that adds to individually coordination bit stream 1 and 2 will have small difference, but keeps the total amount of puncture position certain.

If when the puncture bit quantity of coordination bit stream 1 reduces Δ, the puncture bit quantity at coordination bit stream 2 will increase Δ, overall code rate is constant, but can avoid problematic puncturing pattern.Attention for the position of this case, collect and the anti-collection phase in position must be corresponding adjustment.Because reduce indivedual regions tendency of performance, diminish, may contribute to avoid simply using to there is the code rate that reduces performance.Because have the now available above-mentioned equation detection of code rate that reduces performance, it is very simple therefore avoiding them.

For the mixed automatic repeat request as launched (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest, HARQ), may need to carry out two stage speed adjustment in 3GPP.This occurs in whenever carrying out incremental redundancy (incremental redundancy, IR), and the position output quantity of speed regulation rule is while being greater than this virtual I R buffer.Note when use combine HARQ catch up with (Chase) time, do not need a special IR buffer; A received bit buffer is just enough.If (do not rearrange, the buffer of a receiving symbol is just enough.) if this is in combination, only provided a little improvement and decide catching up with by IR, from this standard, removing IR will be wise.

In order to obtain higher data rate, 3GPP has introduced HSDPA and has selected when carrying out link adaptation (link adaptation).One of them assembly of link adaptation is coding and the modulation (Adaptive Modulation and Coding, AMC) of adaptability.Due to AMC, with a channel quality estimation, select modulation mode and a code rate that can reach maximum transfer rate (throughput).When channel quality is high, select QAM modulation and high code rate.With the puncture of the turbine code speed of one 1/3, obtain high code rate.At the during the design of channel quality indication (channel qual ity indicat ion, CQI) table, observe some transport block group size (Transport Block Set Sizes, TBSS) and demonstrate than the poor performance of expection.This CQI table is for modulation and the TBSS to a suggestion by channel quality estimation reflection.This problem poorer than estimated performance is twisted (hand tweaking) CQI with simple hand at present and is shown to avoid causing the TBSSs of problem.In AMC, this will cause transfer rate than best transmission rate variance, because best transfer rate will be bound to be avoided.

The link adaptation of supporting by AMC is a global feature of R5HSDPA.Due to AMC, modulation mode and code rate on HS-DSCH can change according to channel condition.Different coding speed on HS-DSCH has been exported the rate adaptation by this R99 turbo coder in a predetermined method (repeating or puncture), in other words as the function of a TBSS and the useful number of physical channels position.R99/R4 and R5 are used the turbo coder of identical 1/3 code rate.When the principle of speed adjustment is while being identical for R4 and R5, the standard of the suitable and more normal use of the code rate of greater efficiency (>1/2), the use in multiple stage that speed is adjusted and the possibility of incremental redundancy (IR) is allowed can distinguish R99/R4 and R5.

The performance requirement of HSDPA in WG4 pointed out at least in efficient coding speed, in more than 1/2 scope, to reduce some dB for abnormal high and very unexpected SNR performance in the turbine coding at HS-DSCH and puncture transport block.

The puncturing patterns of inappropriate coordination bit stream of being exported by the turbo coder of 1/3 basic rate is the turbine coding performance at HS-DSCH by the strike of severe.Although the article of TDD provides original WG4 simulation result, identical reduction occurs in FDD too just, and reason is that two patterns all make to complete in the same way turbine coding and the speed adjustment (TS25.212 and TS25.222) HS-DSCH transport block (producing this problem interactive) just.

In some data rates, than the poor performance of expection, be also a fixedly problem for modulation and encoding scheme.If assign the code rate that can produce this problem to a user, power is controlled will compensate poor code rate, makes the volume lowering of cell platform.

In another embodiment, the result that the adjustment of this coordination bit stream allows high speed media access control protocol (Medium Access Control-High Speed, MAC-hs) simply to select any desirable transport block size to determine as a scheduling.The puncturing patterns that it need to change minutely in the speed adjusting stage of TS25.212/222 reduces.For example a modification that is rendered in the standard of FDD now of TS 25.212 formulations is affixed to why this modification is in reasonably discussing.

For the employing of the example of the first and second stage speed adjustment adjust example and to(for) apparent first stage speed, there are some acceptable solutions, by the adjustment of puncturing by coordination position, avoid this problem interactive (problematic interactions).

One of them solution, for example a simple deviation (biasing) method, is summarized under the impact of the example that conceptive apparent first stage speed is provided.

Now, add that same puncture measures coordination bit stream 1 in this turbo coder (Figure 10) output W and coordination bit stream 2 so that code rate is greater than 1/3, although also can adjust puncturing patterns phase place (phases).

When requiring a special code rate, and determine while using it can cause performance to reduce, select a small lower code rate to avoid this reduction performance.A good alternative code rate is the maximum code rate allowing in the code rate lower than this requirement, and the code rate of its requirement has defined an acceptable reduction performance.

If wish that a system can unrestrictedly be used available code rate, then the modification of puncturing patterns can be replied this performance.The key of replying puncture turbine code performance is to avoid the excessive redundancy (redundant) in this remaining coordination position of relevant this system bits, in other words, revises this puncturing patterns to improve performance.

One of them practice that completes this object is this coordination position of sampling, make all points to a complete cycle that should half period impulse response can reduce as far as possible number of samples, yet but maintain identical code rate, but the puncture in this block is by excessive distortion, or on the number of coordination position, produce extremely unstable in P1 and P2.

The method of noting this mitigation can be applied to has two above systems with bit stream.For example 3GPP turbine code (CDMA 2000) comprises four same bit streams.If there is a problematic puncturing pattern, the puncture speed that can adjust each other coordination stream relaxes, when maintaining a stable whole efficient coding speed.

In the single stage case of adjusting in speed, in the configuration at R99/R4 use and many R5, the cycle that this problem interaction between the output of this turbine coding and puncture transfer sequence occurs in this puncturing patterns is similar to the region of the residual bit period that equals seven multiples, and after when remaining one of average every 3.5 coordination positions.

These reduce indivedual corresponding orders is one and the order situation that is two.The situation that the corresponding order of the inventive example (rank) is one.Order is that the situation that two situation is than order in SNR reduction has less impact.Because the situation of higher rank (> 2) to the reduction of performance not obvious, is not order be one and order be two situation is not here discussed.

To make decision in the code rate of these regional centers:

$\mathrm{CR}=\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{3.5N}}=\frac{3.5N}{3.5N+2}$ N=1,2 ... equation four

When N is even number, the situation that the corresponding order of this critical code rate CR is; When N is odd number, the situation that the corresponding order of this critical code rate CR is two.For order, equal for the moment, we obtain CR=7/9, and 7/8,21/23 ..., and order equals at 2 o'clock, and we obtain CR=7/11, and 21/25 ....

In coordination bit stream 1 or coordination bit stream 2, the ratio of system bits and coordination bits number can be considered as coordination puncture than (parity puncturing rate).When use have approach or equal 7N/2 (N=1,2,3 ...) and during the residual bit-type state of coordination puncture ratio, performance will reduce.Some turbine codings and puncture interaction occur in too whenever for individual other even number and odd number N, the average period of the residual position of this coordination bit stream 1 or coordination bit stream 2 7N/2 ± 1 or ± 1/2 in.

When adopting two or two speed more than stage to adjust, with any stage or in speed the puncturing patterns that can have problems of the interaction between the adjusting stage.

Sealing kenel expression has developed and is being used for Release 5 3GPP turbo coder/speed adjustment that estimated performance reduces.This expression is by the following three { position before the first stage of adjusting in speed, dominant bit after speed adjustment for the first time, position after speed adjustment for the second time } or one of both { speed that the speed for the first time of relevant coordination position is adjusted, speed that the speed for the second time of relevant coordination position is adjusted } as output.This output, as following equation five represents, is a rational number, and it can relatively accept/refuse this configuration as providing/do not provide acceptable performance with a threshold value.This parameter r1 and r2 representative are closed and are connected in the speed that this speed about the first and second stages of coordination bit stream is adjusted.Although seem very complicated, this equation five is fragment linear (Piecewise Linear) and is continuous function, is therefore easy to solve on r1, r2.

Equation five

One based on this equational threshold comparison, and in order to test, whether this paired code rate can be carried out fully for it.Similarly, can use following three { block size, the size in speed for the first time the adjusting stage after, for the second time the size of speed after the adjusting stage }, because this three directly videos, arrive this paired code rate.

Before the periodicity effect of puncturing patterns also can be used on and adjusts speed, staggered (interleaving) this coordination position reduces.In this method, after reciprocal cross wrong (de-interleaving), avoid the periodic sample of this coordination position, even when execution cycle property sampling in speed is adjusted.

The functional speed that can be incorporated into of this channel interleaver is adjusted block interleaver.This can reach by increasing extra this speed adjustment block interleaver (it is defined by this channel interleaver) that is restricted to, when this interleaver of design.Yet this is by the interleaver of extra this system bits of needs.

The peace again of noting this non-puncture position is held in both hands and is only needed to occur within the scope of one, and it equals cycle of half period impulse response of this recurrence encoded block of this turbo coder.Therefore, can increase interleaver that small time changes to this coordination bit stream to avoid problematic puncturing pattern.This has the less memory of needs and contributes to minimize the advantage of the identical distortion of this puncture.

Changing some parameter can be used as a function of time (or bit pointer) and produces and can weaken the puncturing patterns that performance reduces.Such 3GPP example is included in whole execution speed and adjusts the modification that medium-rate is adjusted parameter X 1, e_ini, e_minus and e_plus parameter.In this mode, the parameter that affects this puncturing patterns can be punctured on the position in block and change in one or more position.Owing to allowing this parameter to change, this real-time code rate can be different from these desirable whole code rates (therefore can avoid this puncture interactive), and still keeps identical whole code rates.For example: 1) e_plus and e_minus can change frequency and cut off any harmful puncture that may be long-term in algorithm.2) can change puncture and change code rate and make it higher in some region of encoded block, and lower in other region.

Above-mentioned method is to revise example for producing the puncturing patterns of specific coding speed.All such methods can consider special situation and at this puncturing patterns, arrange compared with completing under universal.Change any method of this puncturing patterns, the arrangement that produces some original puncturing patterns, the trend of the over-all properties of the coding that changes.

A method that can reach desirable whole code rates and avoid problematic puncturing pattern is to be adjusted at the puncture amount of carrying out in every one-phase.This method in being placed on the algorithm that 3GPP HSDPA turbine code/speed adjusts time, causes the volume minimizing of this virtual incremental redundancy (IR) buffer.The method is generally inferred one to puncture the individually modification of speed of every one-phase, and produces desirable whole puncturing patterns.

Change this operating point (r1, r2 that this is paired) and become some point (product that is r1*r2 is constant) on regular coding rate curve, and its performance be reduced in the deviation that can increase stage speed in permissible scope.

The problem of adjusting this stage puncture speed and also can reducing between puncturing patterns and turbine code performance in these two combinations with the relative speed between bit stream is interactive.

We can imagine this operating point is divided into two points. the speed that one of them is adjusted the first and second stage speeds that should the first coordination bit stream, another is to should the second coordination bit stream.Should select make whole code rates constant at these 2, its both fall within acceptable can region, and the total quantity of residual after speed is adjusted the first stage is no more than the restriction of reinforcement, as an IR buffer.

The invention provides simply many and effectively detect, avoid and/or correct at the problematic puncturing pattern of coordination bit stream and need not avoid the technology of ideal coding speed.According to the present invention, confirm a puncturing patterns that approaches a special code rate, and adjust according to the coupling of this puncturing patterns and this special code rate the value that an expection reduces, by the reduction reducing in puncture error correction coding transmission.

When producing high code rate by puncturing, generally it is desirable to be evenly distributed as far as possible the position for puncture.While using this scheme, inevitably, some code rate will need the non-puncture bit-type of the poor result of efficiency state.One of them such example occur in when this non-puncture bit-type state be periodically time, it has the cycle of the half period impulse response of a recurrence encoded block that equals this turbo coder.Can confirm all puncturing patterns that reduce performance that have with an algorithm.

In a special example of the present invention, determine the capacity of a WTRU, it comprises the buffer size that this WTRU supports.With puncture, reduce bits number with suitable this buffer, and adjust these whole code rates to enough error correcting capabilities are provided.This first stage in puncture provides first rate, and provides the second speed in the second stage of puncture.

According to the present invention, can reach in coordination bit stream and to detect, to avoid and/or correct problems puncturing patterns and complete puncture turbine code and need not avoid desirable code rate.This is applicable to but is not restricted to FDD, TDD and other transmission mode, and can do and confirm or avoid the region of relatively poor turbine code performance, and it may be led because of in the technical scheme of commonly using in early days.

The invention provides the preposition error correction (forward error correction) that comprises turbine coding and puncture, between its measurement in any performance and efficient coding speed, can reach a level and smooth functional relationship, this efficient coding speed is led because of the lower code rate by the turbo coder generation of tool coordination position puncture in merging.The example that performance measures is the signal-to-jamming ratio (SIR) of BLER, bit error rate (bit error rate, BER), needs or the SNR needing.

In a special data speed, produce a coding transmission, and some bits of coded are got rid of and the kenel of generation puncture.At receiver end, zero or other insert (filler) position and be placed to replace this puncture position, and this translator is to be based upon on the reception signal with this loss.According to the present invention, revising this puncturing patterns is in order to eliminate, the performance occurring under special puncturing patterns to be reduced.Specifically, if this puncturing patterns be conventional and have in essence one-period, it produces a reduction on signal most probably.Eliminate this reduction and just may reach desirable code rate.

The present invention is specially adapted to the coding of 3GPP, and can be used in the TDD of low bit rate (low chip rate), and the TDD of high sheet bit rate and FDD.

One of them is when so periodically example occurs in periodicity when non-puncturing patterns and equals cycle of half period impulse response of recurrence encoded block of this turbo coder.Provide an algorithm to confirm to have whole puncturing patterns of reduction.Extra, the modification of carrying out this puncturing patterns is stored the performance of this turbine code.

Use the puncture of revising to store turbine performance.If in ideal, a system can allow the available code rate of unconfined use, revises this puncturing patterns and can store this performance.Therefore,, if a system is considered to the code rate that can allow unconfined use available in ideal, revises this puncturing patterns and can store this performance.

Suitable coding means the air information obtaining from indicate the WTRU of this channel quality.Therefore, this conveyer is adjusted at and between other parameter, adjusts its code rate.In receiving bad example, add a large amount of redundancy (redundancy) to cause a low-down code rate, but the transmission of permission data complete the possibility of required block errors.

Quality estimation steps does not innately consider should not go to consider the possibility of the problem puncture that may use yet.Typical channel quality is based on signal power and power noise, but does not consider the encoder that punctured with a problematic method, so AMC will not be used to avoid problematic code rate.Therefore because channel quality is good, only need considerably less coding and can use the modulation of higher-order.If channel quality is bad, this code rate reduces.Therefore, with a data rate reducing, provide desirable error performance.Use a channel quality indicator to go the output of monitoring this channel quality and this data rate controller being sequentially provided.

To the user of whole supplies, decide the data rate of a merging with measuring capacity.If when within the scope of a cell, more than one user is transferred to a problematic code rate, the power of these users more than being just considered to need thereby reduced the capacity of cell platform.In many cases, by the present invention, can know or determine problematic code rate, therefore can avoid these speed.

The invention provides an ability of further confirming problem speed by some analytical methods, and dynamically or static state avoid these speed to respond this information.

For the modification that is used for producing the puncturing patterns of specific coding speed, there are some representative examples, as ground floor and the second layer in the transmission mode of TDD in the present invention and FDD.Can imagine that some are for the variation of describing example.All such variations can be considered the particular implementation of the more universal of special case and the arrangement of this puncturing patterns.Change any method of this puncturing patterns, some that produce original puncturing patterns are arranged, the tendency of the over-all properties of the coding that changes, and its object is arrangement and method that the generation of the puncturing patterns that comprises the present invention's imagination is so arranged.

Figure 11 represents three different HS-DSCH transport block BLER performances, and it increases individually the position of 4554,4705 and 4858 sizes.They are all 1/3 turbine coding speed, and then reflection is reduced to 6072 positions to the puncture of high speed entity downlink shared channels (High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channels, HS-PDSCH).This causes 0.75 times (being denoted as 7/9-), 0.77 times (being denoted as 7/9) and 0.80 times (being denoted as 7/9+) of an efficient coding speed of the transport block size of these three increases.

When turbine coding transport block on HS-DSCH increases efficient coding speed, (or increasing the speed that punctures in the same manner), can estimate that BLER performance will reduce in certain proportion, along with the raising of efficient coding speed, and obtains worse performance.But this not necessarily can occur unfortunately, the coding transmission block that can see in this example speed 0.77 (7/9) needs the SNR of the many 3dB of coding transmission block of some specific speeds 0.80 to reach approximately 10% identical BLER.

Reason for the reduction of observing is the periodicity (cycle equals seven) in the output of two turbo coder coordination bit streams, as the recurrence convolution encoder that forms impulse response gave, in many examples with second and/or the puncturing patterns implemented of first rate adjusting stage periodically produce bad interaction.This effect increases along with increasing of speed of puncture.

In following analysis, suppose a single R99 speed adjustment block.Yet this concept is more general by incremental redundancy with incremental redundancy is not implemented in to R4 and R5.Conclusion for these two examples is that this critical puncture speed that causes SNR to reduce can be predicted in rule, but need to consider a quite complicated parameter group.

In the MAC-hs of Node B, avoid the setting of critical puncture speed, it has a special advantage makes current standard not need to change and can leave the open details of carrying out to manufacturer (vendor-specific).When this method is better, the question blank of use (look-up tables) is complicated, and determines to add restriction in the scheduler of possible MAC-hs.

Alternatively, puncturing patterns is done to small change, its be as at present in TS 25.212/222 adjusting stage of HS-DSCH produce.These are revised and only to form a minor alteration when speed is adjusted parameter generating at TS 25.212/222, and the more important thing is and do not need the extra signal that sends.

Because the second selection scheme (producing the small correction of puncturing patterns on turbine coding coordination bit stream) is too simple, and it,, for the apparent property of MAC-hs scheduler (transport block size is as desired in this scheduler determination result no matter select simply), is made a corresponding change at TS 25.212/222 and makes this problem up.

This composition recurrence convolution encoder has the unlimited impulse response for the cycle seven of positive time (positive time) in as the turbo coder of TS 25.212/222.The available consideration of impact of some kenel of residual in coordination bit stream (being non-puncture) position has how much information to stay these residual coordination positions to represent its quality.

This turbo coder produces system bits, coordination bit stream 1 (first forms the output of encoder) and the coordination bit stream 2 (second forms the output of encoder) of three bit streams, corresponding output sequence.

Notice that this composition recurrence convolution encoder is a LTI on GF2.Therefore, the output of this encoder is the summation of the impulse response displacement version of this encoder.Displacement version correspondence first position in TB of each impulse response.

Some puncturing patterns can cause the relevant a small set of distribution information loss across byte in a coordination bit stream therein.For example allow TB comprise and follow many seven positions of zero below.Consider to attempt to determine now the problem of these seven positions, by the output of the encoder after a large amount of punctures, observe.Each observation of doing in this output is the summation of these seven seat set.The subclass of each special survey is that the impulse response by this residual bit period and this recurrence encoded block decides.

For most puncturing patterns, the summation of seven different subclass of these seven positions of last observable.Therefore form seven with the system equation formula of seven unknown numbers.Suppose that they,, for Line independent, can determine the value of these seven positions.

Yet, when the periodicity of residual position is simple (residual coordination position of each cycle) and while being similarly seven with cycle of recurrence encoded block, due to the periodicity of this signal, the summation that the same subsets that is these seven positions for each observation of t > 6 is closed, and observation subsequently cannot obtain new information.Therefore, form a system equation formula that order is, but without unique solution.

When the periodicity of residual is not seven multiple, after observing several times this coordination position, finally can form the system equation formula that an order is seven.For our seven groups, this enough goes to determine separately this position, has enough information to decide the position that is dispersed in residual coordination interdigit.

For the distribution information in some non-simple and easy cycles also possible loss, for example, consider the example that non-puncturing patterns is rotated (each cycle is to have two residual coordination positions at 7 o'clock) between three and simple cycle of four.

This causes the non-puncturing patterns of one-period seven but has two residual coordination positions of each cycle.Above-mentioned relevant arguement produces seven system equation formulas that order is two.This still determines not separately this group of positions, but this reduces the dimension that they may cross over space really.Clearly, some information of relevant TB are for the residual bit-type state of non-puncture also possible loss.

Have at least two replacement schemes to avoid interactive in turbine coding output and the problem between the puncture of speed adjusting stage.

Avoiding problematic puncturing pattern is by a method, and it need to go to avoid using cause the puncturing patterns reducing and do not use some that the transport block size of reception is videoed to the combination of HS-PDSCHs by this MAC-hs.

This is avoided if not need to set up the question blank that is used for confirming problematic arrangement, the expection reduction expression that estimation was previously described in MAC-hs scheduler exactly.

Using an advantage of look-up-table method is not need to change current standard, and does not need to leave for the special execution work of manufacturer.

A shortcoming of avoiding method is that in fact it is very complicated, if when a special configuration will strengthen performance reduction, because this problem has many dimensions (dimensions), and they will all play the part of an important role in decision.The parameter of this MAC-hs scheduler need to additionally be considered to increase:

(1) the transport block group size of HS-DSCH transmission;

(2) be stored in WTRU and give the soft information bit quantity of HARQ; And

(3) distribute to the physical channels bit quantity of HS-PDSCHs.

For FDD, these parameters are implied in about the number of this channelization coding and the merging indicating device of modulation format i (1 < i < 29) and this transport block size k in TS25.321 _i(0 < k _i< 62).

Described below is one embodiment of the present of invention, the combination that it comprises previous description technique.

This mixed ARQ is technically distributed in bits number in the output of this channel encoder to the video total bit order of this HS-PDSCHs group of this HS-DSCH.Recurrence version (redundancy version, RV) parameter is controlled the functional of this mixed ARQ.Accurate byte in the mixed functional output of ARQ will rely on the number of input position, number and this RV parameter of carry-out bit.

Functional two speed adjusting stages and the virtual buffer of comprising of this mixed ARQ.

The first rate adjusting stage distributes the number of input position to this virtual I R buffer, and relevant information is provided by higher level (layer).If while noticing that the number of input position does not surpass this virtual I R buffer memory capacity, this first rate adjusting stage is apparent.

The second speed adjusting stage was distributed in first rate adjusting stage bits number afterwards to organizing useful physical channels bits number at the HS-PDSCH of this TTI.

The definition of usage flag:

N ^tTI: speed is adjusted front bits number in transmission time layout.

Δ N _i: the calculating variable of a centre.

if on the occasion of, represent the bits number repeating in each Transmission Time Interval on the TrCHi with transformat 1.If negative value, represents the bits number puncturing in each Transmission Time Interval on the TrCH i with transformat 1.

Δ N _{pAR/T γ}: in the adjusting stage of speed for the first time of HARQ, adjust the bits number with bit stream length.

Δ N _data: total to the useful position of HS-DSCH in TTI.

E _int: the initial value of variable e in speed adjustment kenel determines algorithm.

E _plus: the added value of variable e in speed adjustment kenel determines algorithm.

E _minuS: the minimizing value of variable e in speed adjustment kenel determines algorithm.

B: indication mechanism and coordination position

B=1: system bits, x _k.

B=2: the first coordination position (forming encoder from upper turbine), z _k.

B=3: the second coordination position (forming encoder from lower turbine),

.

The function of HARQ position separation should be carried out in the separated identical mode in turbine coding TrCHs position.

The HARQ first stage speed adjustment of HS-DSCH transmission channel is carried out by the method below with following special parameter.

In this virtual I R buffer, the maximum number of useful soft position is N _iR, it is the signal sending from the higher level of each HARQ process.The number of adjusting bits of coded in previous TTI in speed is N ^tTI, this is that the high-speed synchronous of the information sent by higher level and each TTI is controlled parameter institute inference that channel (High Speed Synchroni zation Control Channel, HS-SCCH) sends out.While noticing that the processing of HARQ and the storage of physical layer betide independently each HARQ process and generally exist.

If N _iRbe not less than N ^tTItime (bits of coded of all corresponding TTI can be stored.), the first rate adjusting stage should be apparent.For example this can be by setting e _minus=0 completes.Notice the action of not carrying out repetition.

If N _iRbe less than N ^tTItime, this coordination bit stream is adjusted parameter by setting speed

complete puncture, wherein subscript i and 1 is illustrated in transmission channel and the transformat in the inferior project of reference.Notice that, when the speed adjusting stage is carried out puncture, its value is negative.Select the position puncture, remember and be δ, should be dropped and not be calculated in the number of the whole bit streams by this virtual I R buffer.

If the execution first stage, while puncturing, should be carried out following step.With pointer b, come indication mechanism position (b=1), the first coordination position (b=2) and the second coordination position (b=3).Parameter Δ N _{pAR/T γ}to change with the length in bit stream, to avoid the generation of problem puncture speed.

First stage speed is adjusted changing value and is calculated as following:

If while carrying out puncture:

ΔN _PAR/Tγ=0；δ _PR=49；α=1

while(α≤4)

λ=PR-round

$\mathrm{if}\left(\right|\mathrm{\&lambda;}|>\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&delta;}}_{\mathrm{PR}}})\mathrm{or}(\mathrm{PR}>\frac{48}{49})\mathrm{or}(\mathrm{PR}<\frac{1}{49})\mathrm{then}$

α=α+1

δ _PR=98

else if(λ>0)then

α=5

else

α=5

end if

end while

A=2 is when=2

A=1 is when=3

If Δ N _,while being zero when b=2 or b=3, should not carry out step and the speed adjustment algorithm of following corresponding coordination bit stream.

For each radio frames, should adjust kenel by computation rate, wherein:

X _ias implied above

e _ini＝X _i

e _plus＝a×X _i

e _{min uss}＝a×|ΔN _i|

The adjustment of the HARQ second stage speed of HS-DSCH transmission channel completes by one of two possibility methods.

If use second stage puncture, and one of them compound puncture speed with bit stream drops on following any when interval when using following formula to calculate, [91/128,92/128], [217/256,222/256], [231/256,232/256], [237/256,238/256], this same bit stream should puncture.Notice puncture may occur in two with bit stream one of them, or both all occur, or even neither occur, but the system that will not occur in is with on bit stream.

Compound puncture is than (Composite Puncturing Ratio),

In addition, the second stage speed adjustment of HS-DSCH transmission channel should complete by following parameter.The position that is selected to puncture, it is expressed as δ, should be dropped and not be calculated in the bit stream that approaches this collection.

The parameter of the second speed adjusting stage depends on the value of this RV parameter s and r.This parameter s distinguishes by 0 and 1 value system bits (s=1) and nonsystematic position (s=0) processing according to sequencing during the transmission.(scope is from 0 to r for this parameter r _max-1), in puncture, change initial error variable e _ini.When repeating, parameter s and r change initial error variable e _ini.This parameter X _i, e _plusand e _{min us}with following table one, calculate.

Bits number note before the second speed adjustment is done to N _systo represent this system bits, N _p1represent 1 of coordination (parity 1 bits), and N _p2represent 2 of coordinatioies (parity 2 bits).By using the physical channels number note at HS-DSCH, be P.N _databe in a TTI to the effective bits number of HS-DSCH, and definition N _data=P * 3 * N _data1.This speed is adjusted parameter and is determined as follows.

For N _data≤ N _sys+ N _p1+ N _p2time, in the second speed, in the adjusting stage, carry out puncture.The number of transmission system position during transmission, the transmission for system bits is preferential is N _{t, sys}=min{N _sys, N _data, and transmission for nonsystematic position is preferential is N _{t, sys}=max{N _data-(N _p1+ N _p2), 0}.

For N _data> N _sys+ N _p1+ N _p2time, in the second speed, in the adjusting stage, carry out repetition.The number of setting transmission system position is

complete the similar repetition in whole bit streams.

Coordination bits number in transmission for individual other coordination 1 and 2 of coordinatioies is:

and N _{t, p2}=N _data-(N _{t, sys}+ N _{t, p1}).

	X i	e plus	e minus
				System RM S	N sys	N sys	|N sys-N t，sys|
Coordination 1 RM P1_2	N	p1	2·N p1					2·|N p1-N t，p1|
				Coordination 2 RM P2_2	N p2	N p2	|N p2-N t，p2|

The parameter that table one: HARQ the second speed is adjusted

The above-mentioned table one parameter selection result to the second speed adjusting stage of having made a summary.Speed for each bit stream is adjusted parameter e _inibe to calculate according to RV parameter r and s, it is when puncture

be N _data≤ N _sys+ N _p1+ N _p2.And when repeating be

be N _data> N _sys+ N _p1+ N _p2.R ∈ { 0,1, L, r wherein _max-1}, and r _maxto change r and the number of whole redundancy versions of obtaining.Notice r _maxto change according to changing mode, for 16QAM, r _max=2, and for QPSK, r _max=4.

Attention: (modulo operation) used following explanation under modulo operation: the value of (x mod y) is strictly limited in 0 and arrives in the scope of y-1 (-1 mod 10=9).

The HARQ second stage speed adjustment of HS-DSCH transmission channel completes the mode with following, and its special parameter by the following column count of each bit stream is separated into block (segment).The position that is selected to puncture, it is expressed as δ, should be dropped and not be calculated in the bit stream that approaches this collection.

This coordination bit stream will be divided into three blocks, and the first block is by the X by same bit stream _seg1position forms, and the second block will be by next X _seg2position forms, and last block is by the X by being left _seg3position forms.

The first block note is x _{i, 1}, x _{i, 2}... x _{i, Xseg1};

The second block note is x _{i, Xseg1+1}, x _{i, Xseg1+2}... x _{i, Xseg2};

And last block note is x _{i, Xseg1+Xseg2+1}, x _{i, Xseg1+Xseg2+2}... x _{i, Xi};

Wherein

x _seg3=X _imod98

Attention: if work as X _ibeing less than 98 appears at while only having the 3rd block to exist, and if X _ithat 98 multiple and the 3rd block are when being empty.For these special blocks are empty situation, surely not on non-existent block, carry out any puncture.

The additional parameter of the second speed adjusting stage of HARQ is used in problem puncture speed.

Calculating parameter P, N _data, N _sys, N _p1, N _p2, N _{p, t1}and N _{p, t2}, additional parameter is defined as follows.

Before the second speed is adjusted, the number that coordination after separation is 1 is for being N in 1 note of coordination of first, second, and third block individually _{p1, seg1}, N _{p1, seg2}and N _{p1, seg3}.Before the second speed is adjusted, the number that coordination after separation is 1 is for being N in 2 notes of coordination of first, second, and third block individually _{p2, seg1}, N _{p2, seg2}and N _{p2, seg3}.Speed is adjusted parameter and is determined as follows.

To N _data≤ N _sys+ N _p1+ N _p2, in the second speed adjusting stage, carry out puncture.

Coordination bits number after separation is

N _pb，seg3＝N _pb mod98

For coordination 1 (b=2) and coordination 2 (b=3), in the coordination bits number of each block, be:

N _{t，pb，seg3}＝N _t，pb-(N _{t，pb，seg1}+N _{t，pb，seg2})

Parameter X _i, e _plusand e _minuswith table two below, calculate.

Table two: second speed of tremble (dithered) is adjusted parameter

For the block of each bit stream, this speed is adjusted parameter e _inibe to calculate according to RV parameter r and s, it is when puncture

r ∈ { 0,1, L, r wherein _max-1}, and r _maxto change r and the number of whole redundancy versions of obtaining.Notice r _maxto change according to changing mode, for 16QAM, r _max=2, and for QPSK, r _max=4.

Attention: note: (modulo operation) used following explanation under modulo operation: the value of (x mody) is strictly limited in 0 and arrives in the scope of y-1 (-1 mod 10=9).This speed adjustment algorithm is sequentially required each block of same bit stream.

For two same bit streams, after this speed adjustment algorithm, be required each in three blocks, these three puncture blocks should be interlocked in their original order together.

This more chain bit stream note do: x _{0, seg1,1}, x _{0, seg1,2},

, x _{0, seg2,1}, x _{0, seg2,2}...

, x _{0, seg3,1}, x _{0, seg3,2}...

collect with N this HARQ position _row* N _colthe square interleaver (rectangular interleaver) of size completes.Row is by following decision with the number of row:

For 16QAM, N _row=4, and for QPSK, N _row=2

N _col＝N _data/N _row

Wherein use N _data.

Data are this interleavers that write by hurdle, and since the first hurdle reading from this interleaver by hurdle.

N _{t, sys}it is the number of transfer system position.Middle value N _rand N _cuse lower column count:

and N _c=N _{t, sys}-N _rn _col

If N _c=0 and N _r> 0, and this system bits is written into the 1st ... N _rrow.

In addition system bits is at first N _cin field, be written into the 1st ... N _r+ 1 row, and if N _rduring > 0, system bits is at remaining N _col-N _cfield in be also written into the 1st ... N _rrow.

Remaining space is filled coordination position.The remaining row of field are separately inserted with hurdle direction in this coordination position.2 of coordination 1 and coordinatioies are inserted with the order substituting, with 2 beginnings of a coordination first effective field with minimum pointer number.If two have different length with bit stream, 2 writing of should replacing of coordination 1 and coordination, then with 2 beginnings of a coordination, until shorter same bit stream finishes, then the residual coordination position in longer stream should be written into.

For each hurdle of 16QAM, this order with first row, secondary series, the 3rd row, the 4th row is read from interleaver.For each hurdle of QPSK, this order with first row, secondary series is read from interleaver.

When the HS-DSCH speed adjustment situation that the analysis of adjusting problem when speed is limited in the first stage is apparent, in speed, adjusts interaction between the periodicity of kenel and the intrinsic periodicity of turbo coder and produce performance and reduce.Specifically, it is expressed in representation speed, and identical position is dropped in the position (at non-puncture bit stream) of residual position (being non-puncture), or for the long block of non-puncture stream, in the position of seven modulus of periodicity states.The reduction of performance has been proved to be by identical mechanism and has improved, when the first stage is not while being apparent.

In following narration, the kenel of the position, position that " puncturing patterns " is defined as puncturing from a primary flow." puncture speed " is defined in original bit stream the inverse of the bits number of (comprising puncture position) between position, puncture position.

In the example of adjusting in two stage speed, cause the puncture reducing to occur with two methods:

1) kenel that the position of only puncturing from the first stage occurs

2) kenel that the position of puncture occurs after second stage, this kenel depend on the first and second speed adjusting stages both.

For fear of one of them the puncture mechanism that causes performance to reduce, following method is used:

In the first stage, test this puncture and whether can produce a problematic puncturing pattern.By one of estimation " implicit continuing " (implicit duration) function, completed, its prediction is periodic length in puncturing patterns.If first stage speed adjustment only refers in this example, illustrate while needing and just adjust at the implicit Duration Function calculating.In this example, the small increase of figure place of puncturing in the first bit stream, and be corresponding small minimizing at the number of the second bit stream.This effect that has the speed displacement of puncturing in two streams to be to break seven modulus of periodicity states, when keeping puncture position total too.The adjustment that remains on every first-class middle puncture speed can be little of making the coding of every first-class middle execution unaffected.

In second stage, the compound puncture speed for each bit stream, considers to calculate realization adjustment to puncture speed in the first stage.In the puncture speed of each bit stream, with a question blank comparison, its question blank prediction mode is the speed of seven cycle kenels, the reduction that therefore will improve coding efficiency.If the recombination rate of a bit stream drops in the scope of a problem speed, carry out one " trembling " (dithering) algorithm.

If the puncturing patterns in the puncture speed of first stage will cause rate reduction, or may obtain a unwanted kenel after the adjustment of second stage speed time, at two, carry out different puncture speed in bit stream.In this example, at the first number with bit stream meta puncture with a Δ N _pARITYamount reduce, at the second number with the puncture of bit stream meta, with identical amount, increase simultaneously.The decision that whether should carry out such change is the parameter depending on a calculating, and its estimation maintains the inverse of the residual bit string length of identical mode seven positions in this non-puncture stream.This length becomes and also grows (i.e. seven seven cycles of mode) than 49 positions, then carries out the adjustment to this bitstream length.

This puncture algorithm that trembles can be applied at two of second stage with bit stream one of them or both.When processing one during with bit stream, this algorithm adopts two puncture speed, and one of them is higher than original puncture speed, another lower than; Then it switches between these two puncture speed, this coordination bit stream is carried out to puncture simultaneously.The sum of puncture position is held identical with primal algorithm.Generally may with two in bit stream, puncture and have one or more switching point between speed at one.The number of switching point is not critical performance, because the number of the bitstream segments puncturing in each speed and switching point is respectively independently.

The number of switching point is set to one (or two), mean this puncture stream and comprise the puncture speed lower than original rate of two (or three) this first block use, and this second block is used a block (segments) higher than the puncture speed of original rate.If cannot explain whole same bit streams, the 3rd block of last permission puncturing on original rate.The 3rd block maintains short state, and in puncture, quantitatively allows accurately the puncture speed that remains whole.With this method, this coordination stream is divided into a small amount of block, this original rate adjustment algorithm can be used with the change of some minor parameters simply.

On the first block between higher puncture speed and original rate, and lower puncture speed and the difference between original rate have been set as 1/49 on the second block.The problem speed in all examples is avoided in this selection, and in code rate, can not produce a significantly change.

In main example, the speed adjustment algorithm of this modification operates under as the identical method of previously definition.In less important example, its first or second stage speed adjustment will cause performance to reduce time, carry out different length bit stream and/or tremble.The two modification does not change the body of speed set-up procedure by any way, but applied speed, adjusts parameter.In addition in one embodiment, this modification can complete with a modification to this speed adjustment dsp software (Rate Matching DSP software), and can not affect other any part of system.

Above-mentioned be to providing, detect, avoid/preferred embodiment of correct problems turbine code puncturing patterns and the description of alternative solution.Because the present invention represents and describes with the preferred embodiment of being correlated with, the personage who has the knack of this technology will understand that the details in any pro forma change and not de-as above-mentioned invention scope in the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the method that speed is adjusted, the method comprises:

System bits is staggered;

The first parity bit stream is staggered;

The second parity bit stream is staggered;

In the situation that the figure place of staggered system bits, staggered the first parity bit stream and staggered the second parity bit stream is not more than virtual buffer, described staggered system bits, described the first staggered parity bit stream and described the second staggered parity bit stream are buffered in described virtual buffer;

In the situation that the figure place of described staggered system bits, described the first staggered parity bit stream and described the second staggered parity bit stream is greater than described virtual buffer, described the first staggered parity bit stream and described the second staggered parity bit stream are carried out to first rate adjustment, and the first staggered parity bit stream after described staggered system bits, speed are adjusted and the second staggered parity bit stream buffer memory after speed adjustment; And

With speed adjustment unit, the output of described virtual buffer is carried out to the second speed adjustment.

2. a wireless transmission/receive unit, this wireless transmission/receive unit comprises:

The first interleaver, is configured to system bits staggered;

The second interleaver, is configured to the first parity bit stream staggered;

The 3rd interleaver, is configured to the second parity bit stream staggered;

Virtual buffer, be configured in the situation that the figure place of staggered system bits, staggered the first parity bit stream and staggered the second parity bit stream is not more than virtual buffer, by described staggered system bits, described the first staggered parity bit stream and described the second staggered parity bit stream buffer memory;

First rate adjustment unit, be configured in the situation that the figure place of described staggered system bits, described the first staggered parity bit stream and described the second staggered parity bit stream is greater than described virtual buffer, described the first staggered parity bit stream and described the second staggered parity bit stream are carried out to first rate adjustment;

Virtual buffer, also be configured in the situation that the figure place of described staggered system bits, described the first staggered parity bit stream and described the second staggered parity bit stream is greater than described virtual buffer the second staggered parity bit stream buffer memory after the first staggered parity bit stream after described staggered system bits, speed are adjusted and speed are adjusted; And

The second speed adjustment unit, is configured to the output of described virtual buffer to carry out the second speed adjustment.

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