CN101278507B - 单载波频分多址系统中的码分多路复用的设备和方法 - Google Patents

单载波频分多址系统中的码分多路复用的设备和方法 Download PDF

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CN101278507B
CN101278507B CN200680036721.1A CN200680036721A CN101278507B CN 101278507 B CN101278507 B CN 101278507B CN 200680036721 A CN200680036721 A CN 200680036721A CN 101278507 B CN101278507 B CN 101278507B
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拉维·帕兰基
阿莫德·卡恩德卡尔
阿拉克·舒蒂望
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    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
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    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
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    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
    • H04L27/2636—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]
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    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0026—Division using four or more dimensions

Abstract

在利用交错型FDMA(IFDMA)或局部型FDMA(LFDMA)的单载波频分多址(SC‑FDMA)系统中，发射器针对不同类型的数据(例如，业务数据、信令和导频)产生调制符号且对至少一个数据类型执行码分多路复用(CDM)。举例来说，所述发射器可对在还由至少一个其它发射器使用的子频带和符号周期上发送的信令和/或导频应用CDM。为了向给定数据类型(例如，信令)应用CDM，所述发射器用经指派的扩展代码对用于所述数据类型的所述调制符号执行扩展。可在符号、样本、样本与符号、子频带等上应用CDM。所述发射器可在所述扩展之后执行扰频。所述发射器针对业务数据、信令和导频产生具有相同或不同符号持续时间的SC‑FDMA符号，并传输所述SC‑FDMA符号。

Description

单载波频分多址系统中的码分多路复用的设备和方法
依据35U.S.C.§119主张优先权
本专利申请案主张2005年8月8日申请的题为“CODE DIVISION MULTIPLEXING INA SINGLE-CARRIER FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS SYSTEM”的第60/706,639号临时申请案、2005年8月22日申请的题为“CODE DIVISION MULTIPLEXING IN A SINGLE-CARRIER FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS SYSTEM”的第60/710,503号临时申请案，和2005年8月22日申请的题为“CODE DIVISION MULTIPLEXING IN A SINGLE-CARRIERFREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS SYSTEM”的第60/710,428号临时申请案的优先权，所有所述临时申请案均转让给本发明的受让人且以引用的方式明确地并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及通信，且更明确地说涉及无线通信系统中的传输技术。
背景技术
多路接入系统可在前向和反向链路上同时与多个终端进行通信。前向链路(或下行链路)是指从基站到终端的通信链路，且反向链路(或上行链路)是指从终端到基站的通信链路。多个终端可同时在反向链路上传输数据和/或在前向链路上接收数据。这通常通过在每一链路上多路复用所述多个数据传输以使得其在时域、频域和/或码域中彼此正交来实现。举例来说，可通过在码分多址(CDMA)系统中使用不同正交代码、通过在时分多址(TDMA)系统中在不同时隙中传输以及通过在频分多址(FDMA)系统或正交频分多址(OFDMA)系统中在不同子频带上传输来对不同终端的数据传输进行正交化。
终端可传输各种类型的数据，例如业务数据、信令和导频。业务数据是指由应用发送的数据(例如，语音或分组数据)，信令是指经发送以支持系统操作的数据(例如，控制数据)，且导频是指发射器和接收器两者事前知道的数据。所述不同类型的数据可能具有不同要求，且可用不同方式进行传输，例如以不同速率和以不同时间间隔进行传输。由于信令和导频代表额外开销，因而需要终端尽可能有效地传输信令和导频。
因此，此项技术中需要多路接入系统中的有效传输技术。
发明内容
本文描述用以在单载波频分多址(SC-FDMA)系统中有效传输不同类型的数据的技术。SC-FDMA系统可利用(1)交错型FDMA(IFDMA)在分布于频带或整个系统带宽上的子频带上进行传输，(2)局部型FDMA(LFDMA)在一组相邻子带上进行传输，或(3)增强型FDMA(EFDMA)在多组相邻子带上传输数据和导频。IFDMA还称为分布式FDMA，且LFDMA还称为窄带FDMA、经典FDMA和FDMA。
在一实施例中，发射器(例如，终端)为不同类型的数据(例如，业务数据、信令和导频)产生调制符号，并对一个或一个以上数据类型执行码分多路复用(CDM)。CDM可应用于业务数据、信令、导频或其任何组合。举例来说，发射器可对在还由至少一个其它发射器使用的子频带和符号周期上发送的信令和/或导频应用CDM。为了向给定数据类型(例如，信令)应用CDM，发射器用经指派的扩展代码(例如，Walsh代码)对所述数据类型的调制符号执行扩展。可在符号上、在样本上、在样本与符号两者上、在子频带上等应用CDM，如下文所描述。发射器还可在扩展之后执行扰频。发射器为业务数据、信令和导频产生具有相同或不同符号持续时间的SC-FDMA符号，并将所述SC-FDMA符号传输给接收器。接收器执行互补处理以恢复所传输的数据。
下文进一步详细描述本发明的各个方面和实施例。
附图说明
结合附图考虑，从下文陈述的具体实施方式中将更加了解本发明的特征和性质，附图中相同参考标号始终进行相应识别。
图1展示具有多个发射器和一接收器的系统。
图2A展示用于IFDMA的示范性子带结构。
图2B展示用于LFDMA的示范性子带结构。
图2C展示用于EFDMA的示范性子带结构。
图3A展示IFDMA、LFDMA或EFDMA符号的产生。
图3B展示IFDMA符号的产生。
图4展示频率跳跃(FH)方案。
图5展示在符号上应用CDM的传输方案。
图6展示具有2码片扩展代码的两个发射器的传输。
图7展示在样本上应用CDM的传输方案。
图8展示在样本和符号上应用CDM的传输方案。
图9展示针对不同类型的数据使用不同的符号持续时间。
图10展示用于以CDM传输SC-FDMA符号的过程。
图11展示用于接收以CDM发送的SC-FDMA符号的过程。
图12展示发射器的框图。
图13展示接收器的框图。
图14展示接收(RX)空间处理器的框图。
具体实施方式
本文使用词语“示范性”来意指“充当实例、例子或说明”。没有必要将本文中描述为“示范性”的任何实施例或设计均解释为与其它实施例或设计相比是优选的或有利的。
本文描述的传输技术可应用于各种通信系统。举例来说，这些技术可用于利用IFDMA、LFDMA或EFDMA的SC-FDMA系统、利用正交频分多路复用(OFDM)的OFDMA系统、其它FDMA系统、其它基于OFDM的系统等。调制符号在时域中以IFDMA、LFDMA和EFDMA发送，且在频域中以OFDM发送。一般来说，所述技术可用于针对前向和反向链路利用一个或一个以上多路复用方案的系统。举例来说，所述系统可(1)针对前向和反向链路两者利用SC-FDMA(例如，IFDMA、LFDMA或EFDMA)，(2)针对一个链路利用SC-FDMA的一个版本(例如，LFDMA)且针对另一链路利用SC-FDMA的另一版本(例如，IFDMA)，(3)针对反向链路利用SC-FDMA且针对前向链路利用OFDMA，或(4)利用多路复用方案的其它某种组合。SC-FDMA、OFDMA、其它某种多路复用方案或其组合可用于每一链路以实现所需性能。举例来说，可针对给定链路使用SC-FDMA和OFDMA，其中SC-FDMA用于一些子带，且OFDMA用于其它子带上。可能需要在反向链路上使用SC-FDMA以实现较低PAPR并放松对终端的功率放大器要求。可能需要在前向链路上使用OFDMA以可能实现较高系统容量。
本文描述的技术可用于前向和反向链路。所述技术还可用于(1)正交多路接入系统，其中给定小区或扇区内的所有用户在时间、频率和/或代码上正交，和(2)准正交多路接入系统，其中同一小区或扇区内的多个用户可在相同时间相同频率上同时进行传输。准正交SC-FDMA系统支持空分多址(SDMA)，其使用在空间上位于不同点的多个天线来支持对于多个用户的同时传输。
图1展示具有多个(M个)发射器110a到110m和一接收器150的SC-FDMA系统100。出于简化起见，每一发射器110装备有单个天线134，且接收器150装备有多个(R个)天线152a到152r。对于反向链路，每一发射器110可以是终端的一部分，且接收器150可以是基站的一部分。对于前向链路，每一发射器110可以是基站的一部分，且接收器150可以是终端的一部分。基站通常是固定站，且也可称为基站收发器系统(BTS)、 接入点或其它某种术语。终端可以是固定的或移动的，且可以是无线装置、蜂窝式电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、无线调制解调器卡等。
在每一发射器110处，发射(TX)数据和导频处理器120对业务数据和信令进行编码、交错、符号映射，并产生数据符号。可针对业务数据和信令使用相同或不同的编码和调制方案，在以下描述内容的若干部分中将业务数据和信令统称为“数据”。处理器120还产生导频符号，并对数据符号和导频符号进行多路复用。如本文所使用，数据符号是对于数据的调制符号，导频符号是对于导频的调制符号，调制符号是用于信号星座图(signalconstellation)中一点的复值(例如，对于PSK或QAM)，且符号是复值。TX CDM处理器122对待以CDM传输的每一类型的数据执行扩展。SC-FDMA调制器130执行SC-FDMA调制(例如，对于IFDMA、LFDMA或EFDMA)，且产生SC-FDMA符号。SC-FDMA符号可以是IFDMA符号、LFDMA符号或EFDMA符号。数据SC-FDMA符号是对于数据的SC-FDMA符号，且导频SC-FDMA符号是对于导频的SC-FDMA符号。发射器单元(TMTR)132对SC-FDMA符号进行处理(例如，转换为模拟、放大、滤波和升频转换)，并产生射频(RF)调制信号，所述信号经由天线134发射。
在接收器150处，R个天线152a到152r从发射器110a到110m接收经RF调制信号，且每一天线向相关联的接收器单元(RCVR)154提供所接收信号。每一接收器单元154对其接收的信号进行调节(例如，滤波、放大、降频转换和数字化)，并向相关联的解多路复用器(Demux)156提供输入样本。每一解多路复用器156向SC-FDMA解调器(Demod)160提供以CDM发送的SC-FDMA符号的输入样本，且向RX空间处理器170提供不用CDM发送的SC-FDMA符号的输入样本。SC-FDMA解调器160对输入样本执行SC-FDMA解调制，并提供所接收符号。RX CDM处理器162执行互补解扩展，且提供所检测的数据符号。RX数据处理器164处理所述检测的数据符号以恢复以CDM发送的数据。
RX空间处理器170对由多个发射器使用的每一子带执行接收器空间处理，且将由这些发射器发送的数据符号分开。RX空间处理器170还对每一发射器的所检测SC-FDMA符号进行解多路复用。SC-FDMA解调器172对每一发射器的所检测SC-FDMA符号执行SC-FDMA解调制，并提供针对所述发射器的数据符号估计值，所述数据符号估计值是对由所述发射器发送的数据符号的估计值。RX数据处理器174对针对每一发射器的数据符号估计值进行符号解映射、解交错和解码，并提供针对所述发射器的经解码数据。一般来说，接收器150所作的处理与发射器110a到110m所作的处理互补。
控制器140a到140m和控制器180分别指导发射器110a到110m和接收器150处各种处理单元的操作。存储器142a到142m和存储器182分别为发射器110a到110m和接收器150存储程序代码和数据。
系统100可利用IFDMA、LFDMA或EFDMA进行传输。下文描述用于IFDMA、LFDMA和EFDMA的子带结构和符号产生。
图2A展示用于IFDMA的示范性子带结构200。将BW MHz的整个系统带宽分割成多个(K个)正交子带，给予所述子带索引1到K，其中K可以是任何整数值。相邻子带之间的间距是BW/K MHz。出于简化起见，以下描述假定总共K个子带均可用于传输。对于子带结构200，将所述K个子带排列成S个不相交或非重叠交织。所述S个交织是不相交的，因为所述K个子带的每一者仅属于一个交织。在一实施例中，每一交织含有N个子带，其均匀分布在总共K个子带上，每一交织中的连续子带间隔开S个子带，且交织u含有子带u作为第一子带，其中K＝S·N且u∈{l,...,S}。一般来说，子带结构可包括任何数目的交织，每一交织可含有任何数目的子带，且所述交织可含有相同或不同数目的子带。此外，N可以是或可以不是K的整除数，且所述N个子带可以均匀或不均匀分布在总共K个子带上。
图2B展示用于LFDMA的示范性子带结构210。对于子带结构210，将总共K个子带排列成S个非重叠组。在一实施例中，每一组含有彼此相邻的N个子带，且组v含有子带(v-1)·N+1到v·N，其中v是组索引且v∈{1,...,S}。子带结构210的N和S可与子带结构200的N和S相同或不同。一般来说，子带结构可包括任何数目的组，每一组可含有任何数目的子带，且所述组可含有相同或不同数目的子带。
图2C展示用于EFDMA的示范性子带结构220。对于子带结构220，将总共K个子带排列成S个非重叠集合，其中每一集合包括G组子带。在一实施例中，如下将总共K个子带分布到S个集合。首先将总共K个子带分割成多个频率范围，其中每一频率范围含有K'＝K/G个连续子带。进一步将每一频率范围分割为S组，其中每一组包括V个连续子带。对于每一频率范围，将前V个子带分派给集合1，将接下来V个子带分派给集合2，依此类推，且将最后V个子带分派给集合S。集合s(其中s＝1,...,S)包括具有索引k的子带，k满足以下条件：(s-1)·V≤k模数(K/G)<s·V。每一集合含有G组的V个连续子带，或总共N＝G-V个子带。一般来说，子带结构可包括任何数目的集合，每一集合可含有任何数目的组和任何数目的子带，且所述集合可含有相同或不同数目的子带。对于每一集合，所述组可含有相同或不同数目的子带，且可均匀或非均匀分布在系统带 宽上。
SC-FDMA系统还可利用IFDMA、LFDMA和/或EFDMA的组合。举例来说，可针对每一子带组形成多个交织，且可将每一交织分派给一个或一个以上用户以供传输。作为另一实例，可针对每一交织形成多个子带组，且可将每一子带组分派给一个或一个以上用户以供传输。IFDMA、LFDMA、EFDMA及其变型和组合可认为是SC-FDMA的不同版本。一般来说，本文描述的技术可用于具有任何数目的子带集合的任何子带结构，且其中每一子带集合可包括可以任何方式排列的任何数目的子带。对于每一子带集合，(1)子带可个别且均匀或非均匀地分布在系统带宽上，(2)在一个组中子带可彼此相邻，或(3)子带可分布在多个组中，其中每一组可位于系统带宽中的任何地方，且可含有一个或多个子带。
图3A展示产生针对一个交织的IFDMA符号、针对一个子带组的LFDMA符号或针对一个子带集合的EFDMA符号。将待在一个符号周期中在所述交织、子带组或子带集合上传输的具有N个调制符号的原始序列标注为{d1,d2,d3,...,dN}(框310)。用N点离散傅立叶变换(DFT)将所述原始序列变换到频域以获得具有N个频域值的序列(框312)。将N个频域值映射到用于传输的N个子带上，且将K-N个零值映射到剩余K-N个子带上，以产生具有K个值的序列(框314)。用于传输的N个子带位于用于LFDMA的一组相邻子带中(如图3A所示)，位于用于IFDMA的一个交织中(其中子带分布在总共K个子带上)(图3A中未展示)，且位于用于EFDMA的一个具有多组子带的集合中(图3A中也未展示)。接着用K点离散傅立叶逆变换(IDFT)将具有K个值的序列变换到时域，以获得具有K个时域输出样本的序列(框316)。
将所述序列的最后C个输出样本复制到所述序列的开头，以形成含有K+C个输出样本的IFDMA、LFDMA或EFDMA符号(框318)。所述C个经复制的输出样本通常称为循环前缀或防护间隔，且C是循环前缀长度。循环前缀用于抗击由频率选择性衰退造成的符号间干扰(ISI)，频率选择性衰退是在整个系统带宽上变化的频率响应。
图3B展示针对其中N是K的整除数且N个子带均匀分布在总共K个子带上的情况为一个交织产生IFDMA符号。将待在一个符号周期中在交织u中的N个子带上传输的具有N个调制符号的原始序列标注为{d1,d2,d3,...,dN}(框350)。将所述原始序列复制S次以获得具有K个调制符号的扩展序列(框352)。所述N个调制符号在时域中发送且在频域中总共占据N个子带。所述原始序列的S个副本导致被占据的N个子带间隔开S个子带，其中S-1个具有零功率的子带将相邻的被占据子带分开。所述扩展序列具有占据 图2A中的交织1的梳状频谱。
将扩展序列乘以相位斜坡，以获得具有K个输出样本的频率变换序列(框354)。可如下产生所述频率变换序列中的每一输出样本：
xn＝dn·e-j2π(n-1)·(u-1)/K，其中n＝1,…,K 等式(1)
其中dn是扩展序列中的第n个调制符号，xn是频率变换序列中的第n个输出样本，且u是所述交织中的第一子带的索引。在时域中乘以相位斜坡e-j2π(n-1)·(u-1)/K产生在频域中占据交织u的频率变换序列。将频率变换序列的最后C个输出样本复制到频率变换序列的开头，以形成含有K+C个输出样本的IFDMA符号(框356)。
图3A所示的处理可用于为任何N和K值产生IFDMA、LFDMA和EFDMA符号。图3B所示的处理可用于为其中N是K的整除数且N个子带均匀分布在总共K个子带上的情况产生IFDMA符号。图3B中的IFDMA符号产生不需要DFT或IDFT，且因此可在任何可能的情况下使用。还可以其它方式产生IFDMA、LFDMA和EFDMA符号。
SC-FDMA符号(其可以是IFDMA、LFDMA或EFDMA符号)的K+C个输出样本在K+C个样本周期中传输，每一样本周期中传输一个输出样本。SC-FDMA符号周期(或简单地，符号周期)是一个SC-FDMA符号的持续时间，且等于K+C个样本周期。样本周期还称为码片周期。
如本文中一般使用的，子带集合是子带的集合，其可以是交织(对于IFDMA)、子带组(对于LFDMA)或具有多个子带组的集合(对于EFDMA)。对于反向链路，S个用户可在不彼此干扰的情况下同时在S个子带集合(例如，S个交织或S个子带组)上向基站进行传输。对于前向链路，基站可在没有干扰的情况下同时在S个子带集合上向S个用户进行传输。
图4展示可用于前向和/或反向链路的频率跳跃(FH)方案400。频率跳跃可提供频率分集和干扰随机化。通过频率跳跃，可向用户指派与跳跃型式相关联的业务信道，所述跳跃型式指示在每一时隙中将使用哪个(哪些)子带集合(如果有的话)。跳跃型式还称为FH型式或序列，且时隙还称为跳跃周期。时隙是花费在给定子带集合上的时间量，且通常跨越多个符号周期。跳跃型式可伪随机地在不同时隙中选择不同子带集合。
在一实施例中，针对每一链路定义一个信道集合。每一信道集合含有S个业务信道，所述业务信道彼此正交，使得任何两个业务信道在任何给定时隙中均不会映射到同一子带集合。这避免被指派到同一信道集合中的业务信道的用户之间的小区/扇区内干扰。每一业务信道基于所述业务信道的跳跃型式而被映射到特定的时间-频率区块序列。时间-频率区块是特定时隙中的特定子带集合。对于此实施例，可将S个业务信道指派给多达S个用户，且所述S个用户将彼此正交。还可将同一业务信道指派给多个用户，且这些重叠用户将共享同一时间-频率区块序列。
在另一实施例中，可针对每一链路定义多个信道集合。每一信道集合含有S个正交业务信道。每一信道集合中的S个业务信道可相对于剩余信道集合的每一者中的S个业务信道为伪随机的。这使被指派有不同信道集合中的业务信道的用户之间的干扰随机化。
图4展示业务信道1到时间-频率区块序列的示范性映射。业务信道2到S可映射到用于业务信道1的时间-频率区块序列的垂直且循环移位版本。举例来说，业务信道2可映射到时隙1中的子带集合2、时隙2中的子带集合5等等。
一般来说，多个用户可以确定性方式(例如，通过共享同一业务信道)、伪随机方式(例如，通过使用两个伪随机业务信道)或所述两者的组合而重叠。
通过准正交SC-FDMA，多个发射器可在给定时间-频率区块上进行传输。可使用CDM、时分多路复用(TDM)、频分多路复用(FDM)、局部型频分多路复用(LFDM)和/或其它某种多路复用方案对这些发射器的业务数据、信令和/或导频进行多路复用。
图5展示在符号上应用CDM的传输方案500。多个(Q个)发射器映射到同一时间-频率区块，且被指派有Q个不同扩展代码。所述扩展代码可以是Walsh代码、OVSF代码、正交代码、伪随机代码等等。每一扩展代码是具有L个码片的序列，其被标注为{c1,c2,...,cL}，其中L≥Q。CDM可(1)在SC-FDMA调制之前应用于调制符号上，或(2)在SC-FDMA调制之后应用于SC-FDMA符号上。对于SC-FDMA调制之前的CDM，将调制符号序列{dt,1,dt,2,…,dt,N}复制L次，且将L个经复制序列乘以所指派的扩展代码的L个码片，以产生L个经缩放调制符号序列。接着针对每一经缩放调制符号序列产生SC-FDMA符号并在一个符号周期中传输所述SC-FDMA符号。对于SC-FDMA调制之后的CDM，将含有K+C个输出样本的SC-FDMA符号Xt复制L次，且将L个经复制SC-FDMA符号乘以扩展代码的L个码片，以产生L个经缩放SC-FDMA符号Xt·c1到Xt·cL，所述L个经缩放SC-FDMA符号在L个符号周期中传输。
对于图5所示的实例，将第一SC-FDMA符号X1乘以L个码片c1到cL并在符号周期1到L中进行传输，将下一SC-FDMA符号X2乘以L个码片c1到cL并在符号周期L+1到2L中进行传输，依此类推。每一SC-FDMA符号Xt可用于业务数据、信令、导频或其组合。
对于符号周期上的CDM，假定无线信道在用于传输SC-FDMA符号的L个符号周期上是静止的。为了恢复SC-FDMA符号Xt，接收器将针对所述SC-FDMA符号接收的L个经缩放SC-FDMA符号乘以所指派的扩展代码的L个码片。接收器接着累计L个所得SC-FDMA符号，以获得用于SC-FDMA符号Xt的所接收SC-FDMA符号。
图6展示具有2码片扩展代码的两个发射器的示范性传输。对于图6所示的实例，每一发射器在符号周期1到2中传输信令，接着在符号周期3到t-1中传输业务数据，接着在符号周期t到t+1中传输导频，接着在符号周期t+2到T中传输业务数据。每一发射器以正常方式产生SC-FDMA符号，例如如图3A或3B所示。向发射器1指派扩展代码{+1,+1}，将用于信令的SC-FDMA符号乘以+1和+1以产生两个经缩放SC-FDMA符号，且在符号周期1和2中传输这两个经缩放SC-FDMA符号。发射器1还将用于导频的SC-FDMA符号乘以+1和+1以产生两个经缩放SC-FDMA符号，且在符号周期t和t+1中传输这两个经缩放SC-FDMA符号。向发射器2指派扩展代码{+1,-1}，将用于信令的SC-FDMA符号乘以+1和-1以产生两个经缩放SC-FDMA符号，且在符号周期1和2中传输这两个经缩放SC-FDMA符号。发射器2还将用于导频的SC-FDMA符号乘以+1和-1以产生两个经缩放SC-FDMA符号，且在符号周期t和t+1中传输这两个经缩放SC-FDMA符号。对于图6所示的实例，发射器1和2在没有CDM的情况下传输用于业务数据的SC-FDMA符号。
图6展示在一个时间-频率区块中传输业务数据、信令和导频。一般来说，可在给定时间-频率区块中传输任何类型的数据。举例来说，可在指派给发射器的每一时间-频率区块中传输业务数据和导频，且可根据需要(例如)在每隔j个时间-频率区块中周期性地传输信令，其中j可以是任何整数值。
图7展示在样本上应用CDM的传输方案700。可在一个符号周期中在一个具有N个子频带的集合上发送D个调制符号，其中D≥1且D可以是或可以不是N的整除数。每一调制符号可用于业务数据、信令或导频。将每一调制符号复制L次，且将L个经复制符号乘以所指派的扩展代码的L个码片以产生L个经缩放调制符号。出于简化起见，图7展示在一个符号周期中传输一个SC-FDMA符号，其中D是N的整除数或D＝N/L。将第一调制符号d1乘以L个码片c1到cL以获得L个经缩放调制符号s1＝d1·c1到sL＝d1·cL，将下一调制符号d2乘以L个码片c1到cL以获得L个调制符号sL+1＝d2·c1到s2L＝d2·cL，依此类推，且将最后调制符号dN/L乘以L个码片c1到cL以获得L个经缩放调制符号sN-L+1＝dN/L·c1到sN＝dN/L·cL。可基于N个经缩放调制符号s1到sN来产生SC-FDMA符号。如 果L＝N，那么在一个符号周期中在所有N个样本上发送一个调制符号。
为了恢复给定是调制符号dn，接收器将针对所述调制符号接收的L个经缩放调制符号乘以所指派的扩展代码的L个码片。接收器接着累计L个所得符号以获得用于调制符号dn的所接收调制符号。
图8展示在样本和符号上应用CDM的传输方案800。可在多个符号周期中在一个具有N个子带的集合上发送调制符号d。将所述调制符号复制L次，并将其乘以所指派的扩展代码的所有L个码片以产生L个经缩放调制符号。出于简化起见，图8展示其中L是N的整数倍且在L/N个符号周期中发送调制符号的情况。将调制符号d乘以所指派的扩展代码的前N个码片c1到cN以获得用于第一SC-FDMA符号的N个经缩放调制符号s1＝d·c1到sN＝d·cN，将其乘以接下来N个码片cN+1到c2N以获得用于第二SC-FDMA符号的N个经缩放调制符号sN+1＝d·cN+1到s2N＝d·c2N，依此类推，且将其乘以最后N个码片cL-N+1到cL以获得用于最后SC-FDMA符号的N个经缩放调制符号sL-N+1＝d·cN+1到sL＝d·cL。可针对每一具有N个经缩放调制符号的序列产生SC-FDMA符号。
为了恢复在符号和样本上发送的调制符号d，接收器将针对所述调制符号接收的L个经缩放的调制符号乘以所指派的扩展代码的L个码片。接收器接着累计L个所得符号以获得用于调制符号d的所接收调制符号。
图5到8展示用于在时域中应用CDM的各种方案。也可实施用于在时域中应用CDM的其它方案，且这属于本发明的范围内。举例来说，可在SC-FDMA符号的仅一部分中的样本(例如，SC-FDMA符号的前L个样本)上应用CDM。作为另一实例，可针对一些样本索引在符号上应用CDM，且并不针对其它样本索引应用CDM。作为又一实例，CDM可应用于多个调制符号上，且可在样本和符号两者上发送每一调制符号。
还可在频域中在子带上应用CDM。可在一个符号周期中在一个具有N个子带的集合上发送D个调制符号，其中D≥1且D可以是或可以不是N的整除数。可对D个调制符号执行D点DFT，以获得D个频域值。接着将每一频域值复制L次，且将L个经复制值乘以所指派的扩展代码的L个码片以产生L个经缩放值。针对所述D个频域值获得总共N个经缩放值，并将所述N个经缩放值映射到用于传输的N个子带。将零值映射到剩余子带上。接着对K个经缩放值和零值执行K点IDFT，以产生K个时域输出样本。通过将循环前缀附加到K个输出样本来形成SC-FDMA符号。子带上的CDM类似于图7所示的样本上的CDM，但垂直轴表示子带(而不是样本周期)，且d1到dN/L表示D个频域值(而不是调制符号)。
对于子带上的CDM，假定无线信道在用于传输频域值的L个子带上是静止的，所述L个子带是上面应用L码片扩展代码的子带。为了恢复D个调制符号，接收器获得用于SC-FDMA符号的K+C个输入样本，移除循环前缀，对K个输入样本执行K点DFT以获得K个所接收值，且保持用于传输的N个子带的N个所接收值。接收器接着将用于每一所传输频域值的L个所接收值乘以扩展代码的L个码片，并累计L个所得值以获得用于所传输频域值的所接收频域值。接收器接着对D个所接收频域值执行D点IDFT，以获得D个所接收调制符号。
一般来说，可在时域中(例如，如图5到8所示)或在频域中应用CDM。与在频域中应用CDM相比，在时域中应用CDM可导致较低的峰值平均功率比(PAPR)。
发射器可对经缩放和/或未经缩放调制符号执行扰频。可向每一发射器指派扰频代码，其相对于指派给其它发射器的扰频代码为伪随机的。发射器m可在SC-FDMA调制之前将每一(经缩放或未经缩放)调制符号乘以所指派的扰频代码Sm的码片。扰频使发射器m对在同一时间-频率区块上进行传输的其它发射器造成的干扰随机化。扰频还允许接收器基于未经指派的扩展代码来估计来自其它小区的干扰(例如，如果不同扇区使用不同的扰频代码，且扇区内的所有发射器使用相同的扰频代码)，如下文所描述。可对所有类型的数据、对某一类型的数据、对以CDM发送的数据等执行扰频。
在以上描述内容中，用于不同类型的数据的SC-FDMA符号具有相同持续时间，且每一SC-FDMA符号在K+C个样本周期中传输。可针对不同类型的数据产生具有不同持续时间的SC-FDMA符号。
图9展示对于不同类型的数据具有不同符号持续时间的传输方案900。对于传输方案900，用于业务数据的SC-FDMA符号由在NT个样本周期中传输的NT个输出样本组成，用于信令的SC-FDMA符号由在NS个样本周期中传输的NS个输出样本组成，且用于导频的SC-FDMA符号由在NP个样本周期中传输的NP个输出样本组成，其中NT、NS和NP每一者可以是任何整数值。举例来说，NT可等于K+C，NS可等于K/Ms+C，且NP可等于K/Mp+C，其中Ms和Mp每一者可以是任何整数值。作为实例，用于导频的缩短SC-FDMA符号可具有用于业务数据的正常SC-FDMA符号的一半的持续时间(循环前缀不计算在内)。在此情况下，存在总共K/2个用于导频的“较宽”子带，其中每一较宽子带具有用于业务数据的“正常”子带的两倍的宽度。作为具体实例，K可等于512，C可等于32，NT可等于K+C＝544，NS可等于K/2+C＝288，且NP也可等于K/2+C＝288。可产生具有NT、NS或NP个输出样本的SC-FDMA符号，例如如图3A所示。
对于LFDMA，缩短SC-FDMA符号和正常SC-FDMA符号可占据系统带宽的同一部分。对于IFDMA，对于给定交织来说，在用于缩短SC-FDMA符号的较宽子带与用于正常SC-FDMA符号的正常子带之间没有直接映射。N个较宽子带可形成有多个交织，并划分为多个较宽子带子集，所述子集可分派给被指派给这些交织的多个发射器。每一发射器可产生其中调制符号映射到所指派的较宽子带子集上的缩短IFDMA符号。
CDM可应用于具有不同持续时间的SC-FDMA符号。对于图9所示的实例来说，可对导频产生缩短SC-FDMA符号并使用CDM在L个缩短符号周期中发送缩短SC-FDMA符号，以减少导频的额外开销量。也可对信令产生缩短SC-FDMA符号，并使用CDM在L个缩短符号周期中发送缩短SC-FDMA符号。可使用正常SC-FDMA符号来发送业务数据。
一般来说，CDM可应用于任何类型的数据，例如业务数据、信令和/或导频。举例来说，CDM可应用于信令和导频而不应用于业务数据，如图6所示。作为另一实例，CDM可应用于信令(例如，针对控制信道)，而不应用于业务数据或导频。CDM也可应用于时隙的一部分(如图6所示)或整个时间-频率区块上(例如，如图5所示)。还可选择性地应用CDM，例如在不良信道条件下应用CDM，而在良好信道条件下不应用CDM。
CDM可改进在不良信道条件下发送的传输的可靠性。发射器可受某一最大发射功率电平约束，所述最大发射功率电平可由管理机构或设计限制强加。在此情况下，CDM传输方案允许发射器经由较长时间间隔传输SC-FDMA符号。这允许接收器为SC-FDMA符号收集较多能量，这使得接收器能够以较低SNR执行检测且/或导出较高质量的信道估计值。CDM还可白化对其它发射器造成的干扰，这可改进这些其它发射器的性能。
图10展示用于以CDM传输SC-FDMA符号的过程1000。为业务数据、信令和导频产生调制符号(框1012)。用所指派的扩展代码Cm对用于业务数据、信令和/或导频的调制符号执行CDM(框1014)。可对多个发射器用来传输的符号周期执行CDM。也可在符号上、在样本上、在样本和符号两者上、在子带上等等执行CDM。可在扩展之后用所指派的扰频代码Sm执行扰频(框1016)。针对业务数据、信令和导频产生具有相同或不同持续时间的SC-FDMA符号(框1018)，并将其传输给接收器。
图11展示用于接收以CDM传输的SC-FDMA符号的过程1100。针对由多个发射器发送的业务数据、信令和导频接收SC-FDMA符号(框1112)。可针对每一发射器单独恢复以CDM传输的数据。可如下执行针对一个发射器m的处理。执行SC-FDMA解调制以针对发射器m获得所接收符号(框1114)。用指派给发射器m的扰频代码Sm对所接收 符号执行解扰频(如果适用的话)(框1116)。基于指派给发射器m的扩展代码Cm对以CDM发送的SC-FDMA符号执行解扩展(框1118)。可基于未指派给任何发射器的扩展代码来导出干扰估计值(框1120)。可基于发射器m的所接收导频针对所述发射器导出信道估计值(框1122)。所述信道估计值和干扰估计值可用于数据检测(例如，等化)、接收器空间处理等等(框1124)。举例来说，可针对以CDM发送的信令执行相干或非相干数据检测，且可针对不用CDM发送的业务数据执行接收器空间处理。
接收器可导出其中应用CDM的符号周期期间的干扰估计值。如果L个扩展代码可用且Q个扩展代码被指派给发射器，其中Q<L，那么接收器可基于L–Q个未指派的扩展代码来导出干扰估计值。举例来说，可保留一个或一个以上扩展代码用于干扰估计，且不将所述扩展代码指派给任何发射器。对于其中应用CDM的符号周期，接收器用Q个经指派的扩展代码的每一者来执行解扩展以恢复由发射器发送的传输。接收器也可用L–Q个未指派的扩展代码的每一者来执行解扩展，以获得针对所述未指派的扩展代码的干扰估计值。对于符号上的CDM，可如下导出针对未指派的扩展代码的干扰估计值：
其中r(ti,n)是针对符号周期ti中的样本周期n的所接收符号；
Ci,j是第j个未指派的扩展代码的第i个码片；且
Nj是针对第j个未指派的扩展代码的干扰估计值。
等式(2)对L个符号周期t1到tL上的所接收符号进行解扩展和累计，且进一步对N个样本周期上的结果进行平均。接收器可对针对所有L-Q个未指派的扩展代码的干扰估计值进行平均，以获得平均干扰估计值如下：
接收器还可对样本上的CDM和样本与符号两者上的CDM导出干扰估计值。一般来说，接收器可以与由发射器执行的扩展互补的方式在样本和/或符号上进行解扩展，且接着可在样本和/或符号上累计解扩展结果。
接收器可对给定时间-频率区块中的样本、符号和/或子带上的干扰估计值进行平均，以获得短期干扰估计值。接收器还可对多个时间-频率区块上的干扰估计值进行平均，以获得长期干扰估计值。接收器可使用短期干扰估计值来进行信道估计、数据检测、接收器空间处理等等。所述接收器可使用长期干扰估计值来确定操作条件且/或用于其它用途。
对于信道估计，接收器针对由给定发射器用来进行导频传输的每一符号周期的获得所接收SC-FDMA符号。接收器可从所接收SC-FDMA符号中移除循环前缀，执行SC-FDMA解调制、解扰频和解扩展，并针对用于导频传输的子带获得所接收导频值。所接收导频值可表达为：
Rp(k)＝H(k)·P(k)+N(k)，其中k∈Kp， 等式(4)
其中P(k)是子带k的所传输导频值；
H(k)是子带k的无线信道的复合增益；
Rp(k)是子带k的所接收导频值；
N(k)是子带k的噪声和干扰；且
Kp是用于导频传输的子带集合。
接收器可基于未指派的扩展代码来估计N(k)，例如如上所述。或者，可假设N(k)为具有零平均值和方差N0的加性白高斯噪声(AWGN)。
接收器可使用最小均方误差(MMSE)技术或其它某种技术来估计无线信道的频率响应。对于MMSE技术来说，接收器可导出无线信道的初始频率响应估计值，如下：
其中是子带k的信道增益估计值，且“*”表示复共轭。如果对于k的所有值来说|P(k)|＝1，那么等式(5)可表达为：
接收器还可以其它方式导出信道估计值。
对于数据检测，接收器获得由发射器用于进行数据传输的每一符号周期的所接收SC-FDMA符号。接收器可从所接收SC-FDMA符号中移除循环前缀，执行SC-FDMA解调制、解扰频和解扩展，并针对用于数据传输的子带获得所接收数据值。所接收数据值可表达为：
Rd(k)＝H(k)·D(k)+N(k)，其中k∈Kd， 等式(7)
其中D(k)是子带k的所传输数据值；
Rd(k)是子带k的所接收数据值；且
Kd是用于数据传输的子带集合。
接收器可使用MMSE技术在频域中对所接收数据值执行数据检测(或等化)，如下：
其中Zd(k)是子带k的所检测数据值。等式(8)用于一个天线的数据检测。对于多个天线，接收器可基于(1)在同一符号周期中进行传输的所有发射器的信道估计值和(2)(可能)干扰估计值来导出空间滤波矩阵。接收器接着可基于空间滤波矩阵来执行接收器空间处理，以获得每一发射器的所检测数据值。可用IDFT/IFFT对所有数据子带的所检测数据值进行变换以获得数据符号估计值。
图12展示发射器110m的一实施例。在TX数据和导频处理器120m内，编码器1212基于针对业务数据选择的编码方案来对业务数据进行编码。交错器1214基于交错方案对经编码的业务数据进行交错或重新排序。符号映射器1216基于针对业务数据选择的调制方案将经交错的数据位映射到调制符号。编码器1222基于针对信令选择的编码方案对信令进行编码。交错器1224基于交错方案对经编码的信令进行交错。符号映射器1226基于针对信令选择的调制方案将经交错的信令位映射到调制符号。导频产生器1232(例如)基于具有良好时间特征(例如，恒定时域包络)和良好频谱特征(例如，平坦频谱)的多相序列产生用于导频的调制符号。多路复用器(Mux)1238将用于业务数据、信令和导频的调制符号多路复用到适当的样本周期和符号周期上。
TX CDM处理器122m执行对于CDM的扩展和扰频。在CDM扩展器1240内，重复单元1242复制待以CDM发送的调制符号。乘法器1244将所复制符号乘以所指派的扩展代码Cm的L个码片，并提供经缩放调制符号。可针对不同类型的数据使用相同或不同的扩展代码。多路复用器1246从处理器120m处接收未经缩放调制符号且从CDM扩展器1240处接收经缩放调制符号，如果没有应用CDM则提供未经缩放调制符号，且如果应用CDM则提供经缩放调制符号。乘法器1248将来自多路复用器1246的调制符号乘以所指派的扰频代码Sm，并提供经处理的调制符号。
在控制器/处理器140m内，FH产生器(例如)基于指派给发射器110m的跳跃型式来确定在每一时隙中用于传输的子带集合。SC-FDMA调制器130m产生用于业务数据、信令和导频的SC-FDMA符号，使得在所指派的子带上发送调制符号。
图13展示用于以CDM发送的数据的接收器150处的SC-FDMA解调器160、RX CDM处理器162和RX数据处理器164的一实施例。在SC-FDMA解调器160内，R个SC-FDMA解调器1310a到1310r分别从R个解多路复用器156a到156r处接收输入样本。每一SC-FDMA解调器1310对其输入样本执行SC-FDMA解调制，并提供所接收符号。在RX CDM处理器162内，R个乘法器1318a到1318r分别从SC-FDMA解调器1310a到1310r获得所接收符号。对于每一接收天线，乘法器1318将所接收符号乘以指派给发射器m的扰频代码Sm。CDM解扩展器1320对发射器m执行解扩展。在CDM解扩展器1320内，乘法器1322将来自乘法器1318的经解扰频符号乘以指派给发射器m的扩展代码Cm。累计器1324累计扩展代码的长度上的乘法器1322的输出，且提供经解扩展的符号。CDM解扩展器1330对每一未指派的扩展代码执行解扩展。干扰估计器1332导出每一未指派的扩展代码的干扰估计值，例如如等式(2)所示。
在RX数据处理器164内，数据组合器1340对R个接收天线上的经解扩展符号进行组合。干扰组合器1342对R个接收天线上的干扰估计值进行组合，例如如等式(3)所示。组合器1340和/或1342可执行最大比率组合(MRC)且可给予具有较大可靠性的符号(例如，具有较少干扰的符号)较多权数。数据检测器1344对以CDM发送的数据符号执行非相干检测。虽然图13中未展示，但如果发射器m对以CDM发送的数据分别执行交错和编码，那么RX数据处理器164还可执行解交错和解码。
图14展示RX空间处理器170的一实施例。R个DFT单元1410a到1410r分别从R个解多路复用器156a到156r接收输入样本。每一DFT单元1410对每一符号周期的输入样本执行DFT，以获得针对所述符号周期的频域值。R个解多路复用器/信道估计器1420a 到1420r分别从DFT单元1410a到1410r接收频域值。每一解多路复用器1420向K个子带空间处理器1432a到1432k提供数据的频域值(或所接收的数据值)。
如果分别以扰频和CDM传输了导频，那么每一信道估计器1420对导频的频域值(或所接收的导频值)执行解扰频和解扩展。每一信道估计器1420基于针对每一发射器的所接收导频值为每一发射器导出信道估计值。空间滤波矩阵计算单元1434基于针对使用每一子带和时隙的所有发射器的信道估计值为每一时隙中的每一子带形成信道响应矩阵 H(k,t)。计算单元1434接着基于信道响应矩阵H(k,t)且使用迫零(ZF)、MMSE或MRC技术为每一时隙的每一子带导出空间滤波矩阵M(k,t)。计算单元1434提供用于每一时隙中的K个子带的K个空间滤波矩阵。
每一子带空间处理器1432接收用于其子带的空间滤波矩阵，用所述空间滤波矩阵对所接收数据值执行接收器空间处理，且提供所检测数据值。解多路复用器1436将针对每一发射器的所检测数据值映射到所检测SC-FDMA符号上。针对给定发射器的所检测SC-FDMA符号是由接收器150针对所述发射器获得的SC-FDMA符号，其中经由接收器空间处理来抑制来自其它发射器的干扰。SC-FDMA解调器172处理每一所检测SC-FDMA符号，且向RX数据处理器174提供数据符号估计值。SC-FDMA解调器172可执行来自所指派子带的数据符号估计值的IDFT/IFFT、等化、解映射等等。SC-FDMA解调器172还基于指派给M个发射器的业务信道将针对这些发射器的数据符号估计值映射到M个流上。控制器180内的FH产生器基于指派给每一发射器的跳跃型式来确定每一发射器所使用的子带。RX数据处理器174对针对每一发射器的数据符号估计值进行符号解映射、解交错和解码，并提供经解码数据。
对于图14所示的实施例，接收器处理包括接收器空间处理和SC-FDMA解调制。接收器空间处理对频域值进行操作。SC-FDMA解调制包括由DFT单元1410对输入样本执行以获得频域值的DFT/FFT和由SC-FDMA解调器172对所检测数据值执行以获得数据符号估计值的IDFT/IFFT。还可以其它方式执行接收器空间处理和SC-FDMA解调制。
本文描述的技术可通过各种方法实施。举例来说，这些技术可在硬件、软件或其组合中实施。对于硬件实施方案，发射器处的处理单元可在一个或一个以上专用集成电路(ASIC)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、数字信号处理装置(DSPD)、可编程逻辑装置(PLD)、场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、电子装置、其它经设计以执行本文描述的功能的电子单元或其组合内实施。接收器处的处理单元也可用一个或一个以上ASIC、DSP、处理器等实施。
对于软件实施方案，所述技术可用执行本文描述的功能的模块(例如，程序、函数等)实施。软件代码可存储在存储器(例如，图1中的存储器142或182)中，且由处理器(例如，控制器140或180)执行。存储器单元可在处理器内实施或在处理器外部实施。
提供对所揭示实施例的先前描述是为了使所属领域的技术人员能够制作或使用本发明。所属领域的技术人员将容易了解对这些实施例的各种修改，且本文所定义的一般原理可在不脱离本发明精神或范围的情况下应用于其它实施例。因此，本发明不希望局限于本文所示的实施例，而是本发明应符合与本文揭示的原理和新颖特征一致的最宽范围。

Claims (48)

1.一种无线通信系统中的设备，其包含：
处理器，其操作以产生调制符号，通过将调制符号序列复制L次以及将经复制的调制符号序列乘以扩展代码的L个码片来用扩展代码扩展所述调制符号以获得用于码分多路复用CDM的L个扩展调制符号，且基于所述L个扩展调制符号和用于传输的一组连续子频带产生至少一单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号，其中L是所述扩展代码的长度；以及
存储器，其耦合到所述处理器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以在由至少两个用于传输的发射器使用的至少一个符号周期上执行码分多路复用CDM扩展。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以在执行CDM扩展后用扰频代码来执行扰频。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备，其中向不同扇区指派不同扰频代码。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以在符号上执行CDM扩展。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以基于所述L个扩展调制符号产生L个SC-FDMA符号。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以产生一SC-FDMA符号，将所述SC-FDMA符号复制L次以及将经复制的SC-FDMA符号乘以扩展代码的L个码片。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以在样本上执行CDM扩展。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以基于所述L个扩展调制符号产生单个SC-FDMA符号。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以在符号和样本两者上执行CDM扩展。
11.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以通过基于所述L个扩展调制符号产生至少两个SC-FDMA符号来产生至少一SC-FDMA符号，其中L是所述扩展代码的长度。
12.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以在子频带上执行CDM扩展。
13.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中至少一个其他扩展代码未指派给任何发射器，而是保留用于干扰估计。
14.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以针对至少两种类型的数据产生调制符号，且对所述至少两种类型的数据中的至少一种类型的数据执行CDM扩展。
15.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以针对业务数据和控制信息产生调制符号，且对控制信息执行CDM扩展。
16.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以产生具有至少两个不同持续时间的SC-FDMA符号。
17.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以针对业务数据和控制信息产生调制符号，针对业务数据产生具有第一持续时间的SC-FDMA符号，且针对控制信息产生具有第二持续时间的SC-FDMA符号，所述第二持续时间短于或长于所述第一持续时间。
18.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以针对业务数据和导频产生调制符号，针对业务数据产生具有第一持续时间的SC-FDMA符号，且针对导频产生具有第二持续时间的SC-FDMA符号，所述第二持续时间短于或长于所述第一持续时间。
19.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以针对不用CDM扩展发送的数据产生具有第一持续时间的SC-FDMA符号，且针对用CDM扩展发送的数据产生具有第二持续时间的SC-FDMA符号，所述第二持续时间短于或长于所述第一持续时间。
20.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其进一步包含：
控制器，其操作以基于频率跳跃型式确定在不同时隙中用于传输的不同子频带组，其中所述用于传输的一组连续子频带对应于所述用于传输的不同子频带组中的一者。
21.一种无线通信的方法，其包含：
产生调制符号；
通过将调制符号序列复制L次以及将经复制的调制符号序列乘以扩展代码的L个码片来用扩展代码扩展所述调制符号以获得用于码分多路复用CDM的L个扩展调制符号，其中L是所述扩展代码的长度；以及
基于所述L个扩展调制符号和一组用于传输的连续子频带产生至少一单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法，其进一步包含：
在执行扩展后用扰频代码来执行扰频。
23.根据权利要求21所述的方法，其中所述扩展包含
用所述扩展代码在符号上、或在样本上、或在样本和符号两者上CDM扩展所述调制符号。
24.根据权利要求21所述的方法，其中所述扩展包含
用所述扩展代码针对正被传输的至少两种类型的数据中的至少一种类型的数据CDM扩展所述调制符号。
25.根据权利要求21所述的方法，其中所述产生所述至少一SC-FDMA符号包含
针对正被传输的至少两种类型的数据产生具有至少两个不同持续时间的SC-FDMA符号。
26.一种无线通信系统中的设备，其包含：
用于产生调制符号的装置；
用于通过将调制符号序列复制L次以及将经复制的调制符号序列乘以扩展代码的L个码片来用扩展代码扩展所述调制符号以获得用于码分多路复用CDM的L个扩展调制符号的装置，其中L是所述扩展代码的长度；以及
用于基于所述扩展调制符号和一组用于传输的连续子频带产生至少一单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号的装置。
27.根据权利要求26所述的设备，其进一步包含：
用于在执行扩展后用扰频代码执行扰频的装置。
28.根据权利要求26所述的设备，其中用于扩展的装置包含
用于用所述扩展代码在符号上、或在样本上、或在样本和符号两者上CDM扩展所述调制符号的装置。
29.根据权利要求26所述的设备，其中用于扩展的装置包含
用于用所述扩展代码针对正被传输的至少两种类型的数据中的至少一种类型的数据CDM扩展所述调制符号的装置。
30.根据权利要求26所述的设备，其中用于产生所述至少一SC-FDMA符号的装置包含用于针对正被传输的至少两种类型的数据产生具有至少两个不同持续时间的SC-FDMA符号的装置。
31.一种在无线通信系统中的设备，其包含：
处理器，其操作以接收用码分多路复用CDM发送的至少一单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号，对所述至少一SC-FDMA符号执行SC-FDMA解调制以从用于传输的一组连续子频带中获得经接收符号，且通过将所述经接收符号乘以扩展代码的L个码片，并累计L个所得符号来对所述经接收符号执行解扩展以恢复调制符号，其中L是所述扩展代码的长度；以及
存储器，其耦合到所述处理器。
32.根据权利要求31所述的设备，其中多个发射器在指派给所述发射器用于传输的至少一个符号周期中以CDM扩展传输SC-FDMA符号。
33.根据权利要求31所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以在符号上、或在样本上、或在符号和样本两者上执行解扩展。
34.根据权利要求31所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以在执行解扩展前用扰频代码执行解扰频。
35.根据权利要求31所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以基于未指派给任何发射器的至少一个其他扩展代码来导出干扰估计值。
36.根据权利要求35所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以基于所述干扰估计值来执行数据检测。
37.根据权利要求35所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以用干扰估计导出信道估计值，且基于所述信道估计值和所述干扰估计值来执行数据检测。
38.根据权利要求31所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以获得用于多个天线的解扩展符号，将所述多个天线上的所述解扩展符号进行组合，且在组合之后在所述多个天线上执行数据检测。
39.根据权利要求31所述的设备，其中所述处理器操作以对在符号周期中由至少两个发射器未用CDM扩展传输的SC-FDMA符号执行接收器空间处理。
40.根据权利要求31所述的设备，其进一步包含：
控制器，其操作以基于频率跳跃型式确定在不同时隙中用于传输的不同子频带组，其中所述用于传输的一组连续子频带对应于所述用于传输的不同子频带组中的一者。
41.一种无线通信方法，其包含：
接收用码分多路复用CDM发送的至少一单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号；
对所述至少一SC-FDMA符号执行SC-FDMA解调制以从用于传输的一组连续子频带中获得经接收符号；以及
通过将所述经接收符号乘以扩展代码的L个码片，并累计L个所得符号来用扩展代码的L个码片对所述经接收符号执行解扩展以恢复调制符号，其中L是所述扩展代码的长度。
42.根据权利要求41所述的方法，其中所述解扩展包含
在符号上、或在样本上、或在符号和样本两者上用所述扩展代码解扩展所述经接收符号。
43.根据权利要求41所述的方法，其进一步包含：
在执行解扩展之前用扰频代码执行解扰频。
44.根据权利要求41所述的方法，其进一步包含：
基于未指派给任何发射器的至少一个其他扩展代码来导出干扰估计值。
45.一种在无线通信系统中的设备，其包含：
用于接收用码分多路复用CDM发送的至少一单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号的装置；
用于对所述至少一SC-FDMA符号执行SC-FDMA解调制以从用于传输的一组连续子频带中获得经接收符号的装置；以及
用于通过将所述经接收符号乘以扩展代码的L个码片，并累计L个所得符号来用扩展代码的L个码片解扩展所述经接收符号以恢复调制符号的装置，其中L是所述扩展代码的长度。
46.根据权利要求45所述的设备，其进一步包含：
用于在执行解扩展之前用扰频代码执行解扰频的装置。
47.根据权利要求45所述的设备，其中用于解扩展的装置包含
用于在符号上、或在样本上、或在符号和样本两者上用所述扩展代码解扩展所述经接收符号的装置。
48.根据权利要求45所述的设备，其进一步包含：
用于基于未指派给任何发射器的其他扩展代码来导出干扰估计值的装置。
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JP5571131B2 (ja) 2014-08-13
TWI371186B (en) 2012-08-21
US20140376518A1 (en) 2014-12-25
EP1922830A2 (en) 2008-05-21
PT1922830E (pt) 2014-12-16
US20070041404A1 (en) 2007-02-22
WO2007019555A2 (en) 2007-02-15
DK1922830T3 (en) 2015-01-19
CN106899397B (zh) 2020-02-14
KR20080032252A (ko) 2008-04-14
EP1922830B8 (en) 2015-03-18
JP2009505504A (ja) 2009-02-05
JP2012239186A (ja) 2012-12-06
WO2007019555A3 (en) 2007-06-28
KR101029430B1 (ko) 2011-04-14
US9693339B2 (en) 2017-06-27
CN106899397A (zh) 2017-06-27
ES2524981T3 (es) 2014-12-16
US8885628B2 (en) 2014-11-11
PL1922830T3 (pl) 2015-04-30
EP1922830B1 (en) 2014-10-15
CN101278507A (zh) 2008-10-01

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