CN101225736B

CN101225736B - Hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer

Info

Publication number: CN101225736B
Application number: CN2008100453561A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祝效华; 邓福成; 朱虎军; 左凯; 司念亭; 张晓诚; 刘亚军; 童华
Original assignee: Southwest Petroleum University
Current assignee: Southwest Petroleum University
Priority date: 2008-02-01
Filing date: 2008-02-01
Publication date: 2011-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 2028-02-01
Also published as: CN101225736A

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling hole reamer with hydraulic double effect used in well drilling of petroleum and natural gas, comprising a central tube, a body, a knife wing, a valve flake, a spring, a bend, a nozzle, a sealing ring, a crank and a cutting teeth. The body is connected with a drill stem by a thread connection. The technical proposal is that: the knife is embedded outside the body and is connected with the body by a pin roll connection; the central tube is arranged in the body; an overflow opening and the valve flake are arranged in the central tube and connected together by a spring. Under normal displacement work condition, overflowing area between the valve flake and the overflowing opening is large; the overflowing area is reduced when the displacement is enlarged and the central tube is driven to downlink by differential pressure, and the knife wing is open to work by the crank arranged on the knife wing, at the moment the cutting tooth is cleaned by partial slurry passing through the bend; when the displacement is reduced, the central tube is driven to uplink by thrust of the bottom spring and then the knife wing is reset. The drilling hole reamer with hydraulic double effect used in well drilling of petroleum and natural gas has the advantages of simple structure, high functional reliability, less loss of pressure consumption, balance load of the knife wing, usage along with the drilling or the single and usage in well drilling construction of a bore hole wall with reducing diameter, collapsing block or blocking well condition.

Description

Hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer that is used for oil and gas well drilling, be particularly suitable for the easy undergauge of the borehole wall in the drilling well, collapse piece and even stop up the hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer of hole condition.

Background technology

In some stratum (as mud stone) owing to reasons such as rock self property, geostatic stress and mud dippings, complex situations such as slippage may take place in the stratum, the easy undergauge of well, the borehole wall easily collapse piece, cave in.If the well generation undergauge that had just bored or collapse, then drill bit and drill string are difficult to be lowered to once more; Occur in if collapse on drill bit or the stabilizer, then may cause and can't pull out of hole, the shackle of having at last abandons by the bit freezing tool, bit freezing often show as moment of torsion increase gradually, rotate slack-off, can't rotate at last and on carry; If well generation undergauge before the setting of casing, then sleeve pipe can't normally be lowered to, even or can be lowered to but cement sheath is thin, cementing quality is poor.If undergauge and even bit freezing take place in drilling process then tend to cause tens days and even the duration of some months is delayed, equipment leasing expense or drilling tool loss tend to reach more than 1,000,000 yuans.If before well cementation or when well cementation undergauge takes place and even cave in, then can cause cementing quality poor, the oil well life-span is low.

Avoid or slow down undergauge and the dysgenic major measure of bringing of caving in has 1) improve the drilling well timeliness, uses suitable drilling fluid, the reduction soak time; 2) use reaming tool.Using reaming tool is effective technical means comparatively.Reaming tool is divided into two classes, and the first kind is fixed, and the similar stabilizer of fixed reamer can effectively cut the borehole wall in the process that continues to creep into, and plays the effect of protecting the footpath, if but top well section hole shrinkage then can cause lock of tool drilling when pulling out of hole.Second class is the expanding reamer, and its feature is can be by regulating expansion and the contraction that pump pressure realizes wing, and wing can make it open maximum outside diameter through special design to equal bit diameter, and replaceable.But domestic present reamer is still immature, and job security is low, can't effectively finish ream operation.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is: for a kind of down-hole device that can do or work independently with driller is provided, have movable wing, utilize pressure reduction to promote the wing expansion, carry out reaming hole work, and by reducing pump pressure withdrawal wing, can avoid the loaded down with trivial details trip-out process in drilling process like this, save time, a kind of hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer of special proposition.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that head it off of the present invention adopted is: a kind of hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer, be installed between drill string and the drill bit, form by central tube, body, wing, valve block, spring, nozzle, sealing ring, crank, cutting teeth.Its architectural feature is: the diameter of body 1 is approximately the stabilizer diameter, and body 1 upper end is a screwed hole, with being threaded onto on the drill string 13; Sealing ring 4 is installed on the central tube 2, forms sealing with body 1; Wing 5 is installed on the body 1, is linked to each other by bearing pin 11; Be equipped with crank 6, one ends and be connected on the central tube 2 between wing 5 and central tube 2, an end is connected on the wing 5 by bearing pin; Central tube 2 lower ends have a taper to cross head piece 12, and valve block 7 or valve ball 19 are in the endoporus of central tube 2, and valve block 7 has last fillet surface 14 and following fillet surface 15, and it is parallel that 12 of head pieces are crossed in following fillet surface 15 and taper; Valve block 7 or valve ball 19 times link to each other with spring 9, and the spring base 16 of spring 9 is on inner hole wall under the head piece 12 is crossed in the taper of central tube 2; Nozzle 17 is on body 1, and nozzle 17 links to each other with chamber body by bend 18 when opening work when wing 5 is in; Between body 1 and central tube 2 bottoms spring 8 is arranged.The PDC composite sheet cutting teeth 10 of various outer diameter is installed on the wing 5; Wing 5 middle part cutting teeth external diameters are bigger, and forward end is dwindled gradually, and the rear end cutting teeth arranges that quantity is few.Bend 18 entrance are arc structure, and wing 5 middle parts after exporting streamline and opening are tangent.

The present invention compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that has is: (1) functional reliability height, operation element is few, adopts the mode of hydraulic pressure and mechanical bond; Press consumption few during (2) with brill, good to drilling condition compliance.The drive unit of wing expansion adopts dull and stereotyped valve block or spherical valve block, and valve is divided into two large divisions's runner with interior annular space, has improved porous road flowing hole structure in the past, and the pressure consume that effectively reduces when creeping into is lost; (3) do not use stuff, reduce pump pressure after the reaming and can normally creep into, need not to make a trip or drag for ball; (4) optimized the distribution mode of cutting teeth on the wing, cutting teeth is bigger at the wing middle part, and forward end is dwindled gradually, guarantee during work that the wing middle part is main cutwork district, reduce the cutwork amount of wing front end,, improve job security to reduce the moment of flexure load of bearing pin; (5) adopt the optimization runner, can reduce the runner erosion, guarantee to cool off cutting teeth, and improve large rock-carrying ability by optimizing exit angle; (6) can do with driller, also can work independently.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer first example structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer second example structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer wing 5 structural representations of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is dull and stereotyped valve block 7 structural representations of hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer second embodiment ball valve 19 structural representations of the present invention;

Among the figure: 1. body, 2. central tube, 3. well, 4. sealing ring, 5. wing, 6. crank, 7. valve block, 8. spring, 9. spring, 10. cutting teeth, 11. bearing pins, head piece is crossed in 12. tapers, 13. drill string, fillet surface on 14. valve blocks, 15. valve blocks are gone up fillet surface, 16. spring bases down, 17. nozzle, 18 bends., 19. valve balls, 20. pin shaft hole, 21. central tube radial flow path, 22. limited blocks.

The specific embodiment

According to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, when reamer was not worked, reaming wing 5 was regained, and keeps state as shown in the figure.Central tube 2 lower ends are provided with taper and cross head piece 12, and during normal discharge capacity work, the overcurrent flow area of making a slip of the tongue is bigger, and loss in head is little.When strengthening discharge capacity, spring 9 decrements increase, valve block 7 (or valve ball 19) contacts with the inclined-plane that head piece 12 is crossed in taper, the taper overcurrent flow area of making a slip of the tongue reduces, and loss in head is big, produces bigger downward thrust, the rigidity of spring rationally is set, make the support force of downward thrust greater than spring 9, under this thrust, central tube 2 moves downward vertically.Central tube 2 throw cranks 6 that move down move down, and wing 5 connects and body 1 by bearing pin 11, because the effect of contraction of bearing pin 11, the downward axially-movable of crank 6 can promote wing 5 and make circular motion around bearing pin 11, and wing 5 opens starts working.The profile of wing 5 is a shaped form, studs with the cutting teeth 10 of diamond compact on the cutting limit, and wing middle part cutting teeth is bigger, forward end is dwindled gradually, guarantee during work that the wing middle part is main cutwork district, reduce the cutwork amount of wing front end, to reduce the moment of flexure load of bearing pin.When reaming hole, because central tube 2 is descending, spring 8 compressions, nozzle 17, bend 18 are communicated with central tube radial flow path 21, and the part slurry flows is through nozzle 17 flushing cooling wings 5 and participate in taking rock.Wing 5 roots are provided with limited block 22, and limited block can avoid wing excessively to open, and limited block can make wing 5 open Breadth Maximums equal outside diameter.

When reducing discharge capacity, valve block 7 (or valve ball 19) upward pressure reduces, and spring 8 is replied, and valve block is up, and the overcurrent open area increases; Spring 9 is replied, and it is up to promote central tube 2, and wing 5 resets under action of gravity.

Dull and stereotyped valve block 7 and ball valve 19 structures are respectively as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.The bottom joint of valve block 7 and ball valve 19 links to each other with spring 9.

Claims

1. hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer, form by central tube, body, wing, valve block, spring, nozzle, sealing ring, crank, cutting teeth, it is characterized in that: the diameter of body (1) is approximately the stabilizer diameter, body (1) upper end is a screwed hole, with being threaded onto on the drill string (13); Sealing ring (4) is installed on the central tube (2), forms sealing with body (1); Wing (5) is installed on the body (1), is linked to each other by bearing pin; Be equipped with crank (6) between wing (5) and central tube (2), an end is connected on the central tube (2), and an end is connected on the wing (5) by bearing pin; Central tube (2) lower end has a taper to cross head piece (12), and valve block (7) or valve ball (19) are in the endoporus of central tube (2), and valve block (7) has last fillet surface (14) and following fillet surface (15), and it is parallel that head piece (12) face is crossed in following fillet surface (15) and taper; Valve block (7) or valve ball (19) link to each other with spring (9) down, and the spring base (16) of spring (9) is on inner hole wall under the head piece (12) is crossed in the taper of central tube (2); Nozzle (17) is on body (1), and when wing (5) is in when opening work, nozzle (17) links to each other with chamber body by bend (18); Between body (1) and central tube (2) bottom spring (8) is arranged.

2. hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the PDC composite sheet cutting teeth (10) that various outer diameter is installed on the wing (5); Wing (5) middle part cutting teeth external diameter is bigger, and forward end is dwindled gradually, and the rear end cutting teeth arranges that quantity is few.

3. hydraulic double-acting drilling reamer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: bend (18) entrance is an arc structure, and reamer wing (5) middle part after exporting streamline and opening is tangent.