CN101155109B - Ethernet switching system and equipment - Google Patents

Ethernet switching system and equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101155109B
CN101155109B CN2006100630139A CN200610063013A CN101155109B CN 101155109 B CN101155109 B CN 101155109B CN 2006100630139 A CN2006100630139 A CN 2006100630139A CN 200610063013 A CN200610063013 A CN 200610063013A CN 101155109 B CN101155109 B CN 101155109B
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port
ethernet switching
logic interfacing
broadcasting packet
switching device
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CN101155109A (en
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刘珺
吕俊洋
杨平安
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an Ethernet exchanging system and device. A copy group composed of two physical terminals of the Ethernet exchanging device is added into a logic interface and the said logic interface belongs to a certain virtual local area network VLAN, the said physical terminals in the adjacent VLAN are connected to form a network loop. The two physical terminals of the logic interface are respectively divided into main terminal and spare terminal, the main terminal is used for sending and receiving the message and the main terminal and the spare terminal of the same logic interface do not transmit the same message. The invention also provides an Ethernet exchanging device. The said invention can prevent the broadcast loop in VLAN, implement quickly protect switch and reverse switch in VLAN, at the same time solve the problem that the protect switch and reverse switch of Ethernet exchanger is unreliable in NGN load-carrying net.

Description

A kind of ethernet switching system and equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to network communications technology field, relate in particular to a kind of ethernet switching system and equipment.
Background technology
VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network, be called for short VLAN) is a kind of by with the apparatus logic ground in the local area network (LAN) rather than physically be divided into the network segment one by one, thus the technology of realization virtual work group.Vlan technology allows network manager that the LAN of a physics logically is divided into different broadcast domains (or title virtual lan, be VLAN), each VLAN comprises one group of computer that same requirements is arranged, because VLAN logically rather than physically divides, so each computer in the same VLAN need not be placed in the same physical space, promptly these computers not necessarily belong to the same physics LAN network segment.
Can direct communication between the main frame in the VLAN, and directly intercommunication between VLAN, like this, broadcasting packet is limited in the VLAN.Except dividing broadcast domain, VLAN can also satisfy more complicated network application, helps the Control Network flow, reduces equipment investment, simplifies network management, improves internet security.The method of multiple division VLAN is arranged, and dividing VLAN according to the port numbering of switch is one of the most frequently used method.
There is the broadcasting loop problem in VLAN, and present technology is to utilize Spanning-Tree Protocol (Spanning TreeProtocol is called for short STP) to abolish loop.STP is the blocking network redundant link optionally, network is trimmed to tree-shaped, reaches the purpose of cancellation loop, possesses the link backup function simultaneously.STP belongs to the management agreement of data link layer, can be applicable to exist the local area network (LAN) of loop.STP is by transmitting a kind of special protocol massages between switch, be bridge protocol data unit (Bridge Protocol Data Unit, be called for short BPDU), STP finishes according to the information that comprises among the BPDU and generates tree calculating, determine that (RSTP improves topology of networks, provides state to restrain fast on the STP basis.MSTP can remedy the defective of STP and RSTP, and it both can be restrained fast, and the flow that also can make different VLAN is along separately path distribution, thereby provides good load balancing mechanism for redundant link).
As shown in Figure 1, the port of three Ethernet switches interconnects in twos, after these ports add same VLAN, in same VLAN, just constituted a broadcasting loop, if have broadcasting packet in this VLAN, the forwarding that will in VLAN, move in circles of this message, thus produce broadcast storm.At this moment must abolish with the STP agreement and broadcast loop in the VLAN, eliminate broadcast storm, just can make network work normal.
STP is bigger to device resource (CPU, internal memory) consumption rate, and it is limited that general equipment support enables the port number of STP, can not support the application of large scale network, if it is more to enable the port number of STP on equipment, cause the equipment cpu load excessive easily, make equipment operation unusual.
Summary of the invention
The member port that the present invention proposes logic interfacing (TRUNK) constitutes the method for backup group, prevents the broadcasting loop in the VLAN.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of ethernet switching system, described system comprises at least two ethernet switching devices, two physical ports of one of them ethernet switching device join a logic interfacing, described logic interfacing belongs to a virtual LAN VLAN, physical port in this VLAN links to each other, form a network loop, two physical ports of this logic interfacing are divided into main port and standby port respectively, main port is used for sending and receiving message, and main port under the same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet.
Preferably, two physical ports of described ethernet switching device join a logic interfacing and specifically comprise, realize two physical ports are bound a logic interfacing by TRUNK, and one of them physical port is a main port, another is a standby port, and main port is used to E-Packet.
Wherein, described ethernet switching device comprises the equipment that possesses the Ethernet function of exchange.
Wherein, main port under the described same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet and are specifically comprised:
Described standby port receives the broadcasting packet from the main port under the same logic interfacing, does not continue to transmit this broadcasting packet to described main port and other ethernet switching devices;
Perhaps, when two physical ports under the same logic interfacing receive from the broadcasting packet of other ethernet switching devices respectively, do not transmit this broadcasting packet mutually.
Wherein, break down, switch to standby port and E-Packet according to subscriber policy or main port.
The present invention switches to backup port by when detecting the master port fault of backup group fast with flow, thereby has improved the reliability of Network.The present invention further can exist the protection of insecure ether switch to switch problem with solving in the NGN bearer network, the reliability that improves the IP bearer network is had very strong practical value.
Wherein, described ethernet switching device supported vlans three layer interfaces, configuration of IP address is as the gateway of terminal equipment.
Wherein, when switching to standby port and E-Packeting, described ethernet switching device sends gratuitous ARP, triggers other ethernet switching devices and upgrades mac address learning table.
Wherein, when described ethernet switching device ARP active port is learnt, when not breaking down, learns master port described main port.
Wherein, the outgoing interface of described ethernet switching device main frame route is selected main port when master port does not break down.
Wherein, if this logic interfacing does not belong to a virtual LAN VLAN, direct configuration of IP address is as the gateway of terminal equipment.
A kind of ethernet switching device, comprise at least one logic interfacing, main port under the same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet, main port under the described same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet and are specifically comprised, described standby port receives the broadcasting packet from the main port under the same logic interfacing, do not continue to transmit this broadcasting packet to described main port and other ethernet switching devices, when two physical ports under the perhaps same logic interfacing receive from the broadcasting packet of other ethernet switching devices respectively, do not transmit this broadcasting packet mutually.
Preferably, realize described logic interfacing by TRUNK, two physical ports of described ethernet switching device join described logic interfacing by TRUNK.
The invention provides a kind of method of utilizing logic interfacing (TRUNK) to avoid VLAN broadcasting loop, this method need not be moved STP, just can prevent the broadcasting loop in the VLAN, eliminates broadcast storm, can improve the reliability and the normal discharge of network simultaneously and transmit.
TRUNK can provide load balance ability and Fault Tolerance.Because the flow of TRUNK real-time balance respective switch port and server interface, in case certain port breaks down, it can be cancelled non-working port automatically from the TRUNK group, and then redistributes the flow of each TRUNK port, thereby realizes System Fault Tolerance.
Further, exist the protection of insecure ether switch to switch problem in the NGN bearer network, the reliability that improves the IP bearer network is had very strong practical value because the present invention solves by the port backup group.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 utilizes Spanning-Tree Protocol for prior art and avoids the structural representation of VLAN loop;
Fig. 2 avoids the structural representation of VLAN loop for the present invention;
Fig. 3 avoids VLAN loop topology structural representation for the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 a is first kind of fault mode schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 b is second kind of fault mode schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 c is the third fault mode schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Run through specification, the preferred embodiment that illustrates and example should be counted as example of the present invention and be unrestricted.
As shown in Figure 2, D1, D2 and D3 are the equipment with ether function of exchange, such as the router of Ethernet switch or supported vlans function.Black circles P1 to P8 among Fig. 2 represents physical port, and physical port P1 and P8 join among the same VLAN, and wherein, physical port P1 and P2 belong to equipment D1, and physical port P3, P5, P7 belong to equipment D2, and physical port P4, P6, P8 belong to equipment D3.Different with other physical ports is that the general access terminal equipment of P7 and P8 is as Universal Media Gateway equipment UMG in PC, server, the soft switch (Universal Media Gateway) etc.
The physical port P1 of equipment D1 and P2 binding back form a logic interfacing, and this logic interfacing i.e. a port backup group, comprises a main port in the port backup group, and a standby port under the normal condition, has only main port to be responsible for E-Packeting.Next we are example with TRUNK, promptly utilize TRUNK to realize that logic interfacing describes in detail.
The major function of TRUNK is bound a plurality of physical ports a logical channel exactly in the prior art, and it is worked together just as a passage.TRUNK condenses together a plurality of physical ports and forms one and converge group, realizes out, the load balancing of inbound traffics in each member port.But, utilize TRUNK to realize the backup of active and standby physical port among the present invention.The TRUNK interface is a logic interfacing, can dispose miscellaneous service as physical interface, such as can configuration of IP address, joins VLAN, binding Layer3 Virtual Private Network (Layer3 Virtual Private Network is called for short L3 VPN) or the like.The TRUNK interface is divided into two kinds of Eth-TRUNK and IP-TRUNK, and the former can only be made of ethernet link, and TRUNK of the present invention refers to Eth-TRUNK.
Physical port P1 and P2 binding back forms a TRUNK interface, and these two physical ports can the cross-over connection oralia, also can be positioned at same interface board, is that main port, P2 are that standby port is an example with P1.The TRUNK interface joins among the VLANIF, and VLANIF is three layer interfaces of creating on VLAN, can configuration of IP address.If physical port P1 and P2 directly join among the VLANIF, then can form the broadcasting loop in the VLAN, need the broken ring of operation STP.Now physical port P1 and P2 are bound into the TRUNK interface and join again among the VLANIF, can not move STP, just can prevent the broadcasting loop in the VLAN, eliminate broadcast storm, can guarantee that the reliability of network and normal discharge transmit simultaneously by the present invention.
Main port P1 under the logic interfacing and standby port P2 do not transmit same broadcasting packet and comprise:
Standby port P2 receives the broadcasting packet from the main port P1 under the same logic interfacing, not to main port P1 and other ethernet switching devices D2 and this broadcasting packet of D3 continuation forwarding;
Perhaps, the main port P1 under the logic interfacing and standby port P2 do not transmit this broadcasting packet mutually simultaneously or when receiving broadcasting packet from other ethernet switching devices D2 and D3 respectively.
The MAC address learning problem: the result of MAC address learning is used to instruct two layers of forwarding, obtains the outbound port of message by target MAC (Media Access Control) address.For same broadcasting packet, message can not be predicted from the order that P1, P2 port arrive, adopt the method for study TRUNK logic interfacing, so just shielded the physical difference of P1, P2, but this situation, need identify the broadcasting packet, the unicast message that send for D1 at the Forwarding plane of D1 needs preferential master port at TRUNK to send, only just switch to port transmission message fully when master port breaks down, this can regard a kind of particular algorithm to TRUNK member port hash routing as.When the master port of D1 breaks down, be equipped with port and start working.For making other ethernet switching devices (D2, D3) fast flow be switched to the standby port of D1, D1 adopts from the method triggering access switch (D2, D3) of standby port transmission gratuitous ARP and carries out MAC address learning again, refresh the outbound port of source MAC, thereby guarantee that the flow of D2, D3 can correctly be forwarded to the port that is equipped with of D1.
ARP port problem concerning study: the IP address and the outbound port of the ARP message that must learning terminal on D1 sends over.Similar with the situation of MAC address learning, the ARP message can not be predicted from the order that P1, P2 port arrive, and ARP preferentially learns the master port of TRUNK interface, and only learns the TRUNK interface by the main frame route outbound port that ARP generates.
The handling problem of main frame route outgoing interface: transmit back the message of terminal for D1, the outgoing interface that obtains after looking into FIB on the D1 is a TRUNK logic interfacing, at this moment can not judge the real physical slot of interface number.Generally adopt physical outlet of hash algorithm computation for TRUNK logic interfacing, the present invention makes a modification to this algorithm, exactly physical port in the TRUNK interface is designated and only exists one main one to be equipped with port, and specify from master port and send message, be equipped with port and do not send message, unless just during the master port fault from being equipped with port transmission message.
Link failure is handled with flow and is switched fast: if main port P1 breaks down, then switch to standby port and E-Packet, perhaps according to subscriber policy, promptly the user disposes under certain situation, main port no longer is responsible for E-Packeting, and switches to standby port and E-Packets.Below elaborate, as shown in Figure 3, D1, D2 and D3 are the equipment with ether function of exchange, such as the router of Ethernet switch or supported vlans function.Black circles P1 to P8 among the figure represents physical port, and physical port P1 and P8 join among the same VLANa, and wherein, physical port P1 and P2 belong to equipment D1, and physical port P3, P5, P7 belong to equipment D2, and physical port P4, P6, P8 belong to equipment D3.Different with other physical ports is P7 and P8 access terminal equipment (as Universal Media Gateway equipment UMG (Universal MediaGateway) in PC, server, the soft switch etc.).Terminal equipment inserts from P7, P8 port, generally adopts dual homed to insert in order to guarantee reliability, is operated in active/standby mode, just as long as primary link can be received and dispatched flow, the MAC Address of active and standby port is identical, is assumed to be MACu.The MAC Address of supposing D1 again is MACd.The link of supposing terminal equipment access P7 physical port is a primary link, and the link that inserts the P8 port is a standby link, inserts VLANa, P1, P2 form TRUNK logic interfacing, P1 is a main port, and P2 is a standby port, and this TRUNK logic interfacing adds VLANa on D1 equipment.During operate as normal, D1 sends to the flow of terminal equipment from D1-〉P1-〉P3-〉P7-〉terminal equipment, terminal equipment sends to the flow of D1 from terminal equipment-P7-〉P3-〉P1-〉D1, the bidirectional traffics between D1 and the terminal equipment all are to walk shortest path.To the present invention with fault type abstract be three kinds, below set forth respectively.
Link failure under first kind of fault mode is handled and flow switches:
Shown in Fig. 4 a, for fault mode 1), after terminal equipment detected primary link failure, standby link was started working, and was equipped with port and became master port, and send a gratuitous ARP immediately from this new master port.D2, D3 equipment all can be received this gratuitous ARP, thereby revise the source port of the MACu address that arrives terminal equipment, D1 equipment is the fault of perception terminal equipment not, the flow path that D1 sends to terminal equipment switches to D1-〉P1-〉P3-〉P5-〉P6-〉P8-〉terminal equipment, terminal equipment sends to the flow of D1 from terminal equipment-P8-〉P6-〉P5-〉P3-〉P1-〉D1.
Link failure under second kind of fault mode is handled and flow switches:
Shown in Fig. 4 b, for fault mode 2), after D1 detected main port P1 fault, standby port P2 started working, and P2 becomes main port, and sends a gratuitous ARP immediately from this new main port.D2, D3 equipment all can be received this gratuitous ARP, thereby revise the source port of the MACd address that arrives D1, terminal equipment equipment can not perception D1 equipment fault, the flow path that D1 sends to terminal equipment switches to D1-〉P2-〉P4-〉P6-〉P5-〉P7-〉terminal equipment, terminal equipment sends to the flow of D1 from terminal equipment-P7-〉P5-〉P6-〉P4-〉P2-〉D1.
Link failure under the third fault mode is handled and flow switches:
Shown in Fig. 4 c, for fault mode 3), D1 can't perception.Usually can plan that bidirectional traffics between D1, terminal equipment are walked shortest path and without P5, P6.And ordinary circumstance D2, D3 geographically abut against together, so the probability that P5/P6 breaks down between the D2/D3 is very little.
In addition, the link failure between P5, P6 is when the active and standby port between D1, terminal equipment takes place to interlock, can cause flow to walk link between P5, P6, at this moment terminal equipment can be surveyed perception by ARP, thus toggle path, and the flow after guaranteeing to switch is without the link between P5, P6.
For D2, D3 device node fault take place, can be abstracted into this three kinds of link failure patterns, can realize that equally the quick switching and the protection of flow switched.
If the TRUNK interface does not add VLAN, direct configuration of IP address, gateway as terminal equipment, at this moment can regard a kind of simplification situation of this invention as, at this moment need be at the active and standby port among every VLAN appointment TRUNK, only need specify active and standby port at whole TRUNK, be identical for the processing of ARP, the transmission of gratuitous ARP, the generation method of main frame route.This simplification situation, can not specify active and standby port at each VLAN, being equipped with port is not handle flow, therefore can not realize that flow load all carries on a shoulder pole function, and TRUNK adds the method for VLAN as two layer interfaces, can specify different physical ports as master port at different VLAN, therefore see that on the whole two physical ports of TRUNK are load balancing.
If on D1,, also can determine logic interfacing with additive method without TRUNK, make physical port constitute backup group, substitute TRUNK with this logic interfacing, the method among the present invention program is still effective.

Claims (15)

1. ethernet switching system, described system comprises at least two ethernet switching devices, two physical ports of one of them ethernet switching device join a logic interfacing, two physical ports of this logic interfacing are divided into main port and standby port respectively, main port is used for sending and receiving message, main port under the same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet, described logic interfacing belongs to a virtual LAN VLAN, described physical port on described at least two ethernet switching devices under the same VLAN links to each other, form a network loop, main port under the described same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet and are specifically comprised, described standby port receives the broadcasting packet from the main port under the same logic interfacing, do not continue to transmit this broadcasting packet to described main port and other ethernet switching devices, when two physical ports under the perhaps same logic interfacing receive from the broadcasting packet of other ethernet switching devices respectively, do not transmit this broadcasting packet mutually.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, two physical ports of described ethernet switching device join a logic interfacing and specifically comprise, realizes two physical ports of ethernet switching device are joined a logic interfacing by TRUNK.
3. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ethernet switching device comprises the equipment that possesses the Ethernet function of exchange.
4. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, breaks down according to subscriber policy or main port, switches to standby port and E-Packets.
5. system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, when switching to standby port and E-Packeting, described ethernet switching device sends gratuitous ARP, triggers other ethernet switching devices and upgrades mac address learning table.
6. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when described ethernet switching device ARP active port is learnt, learns described main port when master port does not break down.
7. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the outgoing interface of described ethernet switching device main frame route is selected main port when master port does not break down.
8. ethernet switching device, it is characterized in that, comprise at least one logic interfacing, main port under the same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet, main port under the described same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet and are specifically comprised, described standby port receives the broadcasting packet from the main port under the same logic interfacing, do not continue to transmit this broadcasting packet to described main port and other ethernet switching devices, when two physical ports under the perhaps same logic interfacing receive from the broadcasting packet of other ethernet switching devices respectively, do not transmit this broadcasting packet mutually.
9. equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that, two physical ports of described ethernet switching device join described logic interfacing by TRUNK.
10. ethernet switching system, described system comprises at least two ethernet switching devices, two physical ports of one of them ethernet switching device join a logic interfacing, described logic interfacing disposes the IP address, two physical ports of described logic interfacing are divided into main port and standby port respectively, main port is used for sending and receiving message, main port under the same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet, the described physical port of described at least two ethernet switching devices is connected to form a network loop, main port under the described same logic interfacing and standby port are not transmitted same broadcasting packet and are specifically comprised, described standby port receives the broadcasting packet from the main port under the same logic interfacing, do not continue to transmit this broadcasting packet to described main port and other ethernet switching devices, when two physical ports under the perhaps same logic interfacing receive from the broadcasting packet of other ethernet switching devices respectively, do not transmit this broadcasting packet mutually.
11. system according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, two physical ports of described ethernet switching device join a logic interfacing and specifically comprise, realize two physical ports of ethernet switching device are joined a logic interfacing by TRUNK.
12. system according to claim 10 is characterized in that, breaks down according to subscriber policy or main port, switches to standby port and E-Packets.
13. system according to claim 12 is characterized in that, when switching to standby port and E-Packeting, described ethernet switching device sends gratuitous ARP, triggers other ethernet switching devices and upgrades mac address learning table.
14. system according to claim 10 is characterized in that, when described ethernet switching device ARP active port is learnt, learns described main port when master port does not break down.
15. system according to claim 10 is characterized in that, the outgoing interface of described ethernet switching device main frame route is selected main port when master port does not break down.
CN2006100630139A 2006-09-30 2006-09-30 Ethernet switching system and equipment Expired - Fee Related CN101155109B (en)

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