CN101099245A - 发光器件 - Google Patents

发光器件 Download PDF

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CN101099245A
CN101099245A CNA2005800463182A CN200580046318A CN101099245A CN 101099245 A CN101099245 A CN 101099245A CN A2005800463182 A CNA2005800463182 A CN A2005800463182A CN 200580046318 A CN200580046318 A CN 200580046318A CN 101099245 A CN101099245 A CN 101099245A
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luminescent device
light
phosphor
led
phosphor material
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CN100539215C (zh
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乔治·R·布兰德斯
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Kerui Led Co
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Cree Inc
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种发光器件(10)，包括：至少两个LED芯片(14，16)，具有彼此不同的光谱输出；以及磷光体材料，包括一种或多种磷光体(18)，设置成接收至少一个LED芯片的光谱输出以及相应地发射作为发光器件的光谱输出的组成的磷光体输出。在具体设置中，多个LED芯片和磷光体材料设置成产生白光输出，所述白光输出具有选自如下色温情况中的一个的色温：(i)从1350°k到1550°k范围内的色温，(ii)从2400°k到3550°k范围内的色温和(iii)从4950°k到6050°k的范围内的色温。

Description

发光器件
技术领域
本发明基本涉及结合有发光二极管(LED)和磷光体成分的发光器件。
背景技术
在照明技术中，已经使用多种方法以产生具有理想的光谱特性的光。
LED由于其具有包括小尺寸、长寿命、低能耗以及低发热的优点，因而已经被广泛应用。
2003年2月4日公布的美国专利6,513,949描述了一种用于产生白光的混合照明系统，包括至少一个LED和磷光体-LED，其中，LED和/或磷光体-LED的磷光体的颜色和数量可以改变。
2004年7月29日公布的美国专利6,600,175描述了一种发光组件，包括：LED，发射第一相对较短波长的辐射；以及降频转换(downconverting)发光介质(例如，磷光体介质)，该介质暴露于这种第一辐射，相应地发射第二相对较长波长的辐射。
利用蓝色LED和YAG磷光体(掺杂有铈的Y3Al5O12)的白色LED器件已经商业化，该磷光体部分地吸收来自蓝色LED的蓝色辐射(集中在470-480nm)并且发射具备显著的黄色特性的具有宽波长范围的光(集中在～550-600nm)。
商业上可获得的用于产生白光的LED/磷光体器件不会提供在各种所考虑的光谱范围中的高转换率的显色性。例如，在许多应用中，消费者更喜欢具有与阳光、传统的白炽灯光、或者诸如烛光的火光匹配的颜色(可由色温和显色指数值计量)的白光。
因此，在本领域中存在对高效LED/磷光体照明系统的持续需求，该系统产生具有与预定光谱分布精确匹配的显色性的光。
发明内容
本发明涉及结合有发光二极管(LED)和磷光体成分的发光器件。
在一方面，本发明涉及一种发光器件，包括：至少两个LED芯片，具有彼此不同的光谱输出；以及磷光体材料，包括一种或多种磷光体，设置成接收LED芯片(LED die)中的至少一个的光谱输出并且相应地发射作为发光器件的至少部分光谱输出的磷光体输出。
在另一方面，本发明涉及一种发光的方法，包括：激发至少两个具有彼此不同的光谱输出的LED芯片，以从每个这种芯片发射光谱输出；以及使来自至少一个这种芯片的光谱输出冲击(impinge)到包括一种或多种磷光体的磷光体材料上，以相应地发射作为构成这种光的光谱输出的至少一部分的磷光体输出。
本发明的其它方面、特征和实施例将通过随后的描述和权利要求而更加明显。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的发光器件的剖视图。
图2是用于图1的发光器件中所采用的LED芯片元件和磷光体中的每一种作为单独要素(isolated component)时的强度随波长变化的曲线图。
图3是用于图1的发光器件的集成输出的强度随波长变化的曲线图。
图4是包括五个不同的LED芯片颜色(示为蓝色LED、浅绿色LED、绿色LED、黄色LED和红色LED)的LED多芯片阵列。
图5是用于图4中的LED阵列中所采用的每个LED芯片元件作为单独要素时的强度随波长变化的曲线图。
图6是作为图4的LED阵列的集成输出的强度随波长变化的曲线图。
图7是根据本发明另一个实施例的发光器件的简化示意性描绘，该发光器件结合有包括五个不同LED芯片颜色(示为蓝色LED、浅绿色LED、绿色LED、黄色LED和红色LED)的LED多芯片阵列以及叠置于多芯片阵列之上的磷光体混合物。
图8是用于图7的发光器件中所采用的LED芯片元件和磷光体种类中的每一种作为单独要素时的强度随波长变化的曲线图。
图9是作为图7的发光器件的集成输出的强度随波长变化的曲线图。
图10是示出了以nm表示的波长、以电子伏特表示的能量的图解描述和示出了发射光所延伸的可见光光谱、激发范围和光谱范围的相关柱状图，用于描述根据本发明一个实施例的包括两个可见光LED(绿色和蓝色)和两种磷光体的发光器件。
图11示出了470nm LED、527nm LED、CaGa2S4:Eu2+磷光体和ZnGa2S4:Mn2+磷光体组合所产生的光谱分布。
图12是示出了以nm表示的波长、以电子伏特表示的能量的图解描述和示出了发射光所延伸的可见光谱、激发范围和发射横跨的光谱区的相关柱状图，用于描述根据本发明另一实施例的包括两个可见光LED(蓝色和红色)和只被蓝色LED激发的两种磷光体的发光器件。
图13是示出了以nm表示的波长、以电子伏特表示的能量的图解描述和示出了发射光所延伸的可见光谱、激发范围和发射横跨的光谱区的相关柱状图，用于描述根据本发明又另一实施例的包括两个LED(紫外光和蓝色)和一种磷光体的发光器件。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及结合有发光二极管(LED)和磷光体成分的发光器件。
本发明的发光器件使得通过提供至少两个彼此具有不同光谱特性的LED芯片和包括一种或多种磷光体的磷光体材料就能够获得极好的显色性。磷光体材料设置成从多个LED芯片中的至少一个接收能量并且相应地发射作为发光器件的至少部分光谱输出的磷光体输出。发光器件具有不同于每个LED芯片的光谱特性且不同于磷光体输出的光谱输出。
通过集成多个LED芯片和包含至少一种磷光体成分的磷光体材料的发光，可以构成本发明的发光器件，以获得与光(例如阳光、烛光(或其它火)或由白炽灯泡产生的光)的预定光谱分布相匹配的较好的显色性。
作为具体实例，本发明的发光器件可以构造成用以提供白光输出，所述白光输出具有在以下白光色温情况(A)、(B)和(C)中的一个的色温：
(A)具有从1350°k到1550°k的范围的色温的白光；
(B)具有从2400°k到3550°k的范围的色温的白光；
(B)具有从4950°k到6050°k的范围的色温的白光；
作为更具体的实例，蜡烛的色温是～1500°k、白炽灯泡的色温是～2680°k-3000°k、日出和日落的色温是～3200°k、晴天中午的色温是～5500°k。通过恰当地选择LED芯片元件和磷光体种类，可以在发光器件的光输出中获得非常接近所考虑的色温的值。
在本发明的各种具体实施例中，诸如上面示意性地提到的那些，发光器件的光谱输出可以是白光。在其它实施例中，发光器件的光谱输出可以是具有不同于白光的特定颜色的光。在另一个实施例中，发光器件的光谱输出可以包括可见光光谱之外的输出。
本发明获得在良好的转换效率下的较好的显色性，并且在发光器件的设计方面提供自由度，该设计使得能够获得例如具有特定的光谱图(spectral profile)或者具有阻止颜色随着该器件使用寿命而改变的光谱特性的最佳光谱输出。在后一方面中，众所周知，磷光体和LED易于老化，导致颜色随着时间而变化。本发明的发光器件由于其多个LED芯片元件和一种或多种磷光体成分，因而可以被构造并设置成用以补偿LED和/或磷光体的老化。
本发明期望利用在老化图(aging profile)方面彼此匹配的LED和磷光体的预定结合，从而使得整个器件在该器件的使用寿命期间具有一致的老化，因而使得即使当该器件老化时强度可能改变，但输出光的颜色在整个使用寿命中得以保持。在这方面，应该指出，LED的寿命通常以数万小时来测量，并且对于该器件的LED而言，在这段时期的输出的变化可能相对较小。
更普遍地，本发明期望在包括选择性地匹配的LED和磷光体的器件中实现该LED和磷光体的结合，以获得预定的输出光特性。
在其另一个实施例中，本发明也期望利用在发光器件中匹配的LED和磷光体的结合，以在该器件的使用寿命中的预定点提供颜色改变。对于这种目的而言，颜色的改变在例如向使用者或服务技术员提示诸如照明装置的更换、或者用于该装置的电池或其它电源装置的更换、或者其它维修或服务的动作或者在一段时间的操作之后期望执行的并且可通过提示性颜色改变来指示的其它动作的转变中可以相对迅速。
尽管在这里参照可见照明输出(即，在可见光照明光谱中)的产生来初步阐述本发明，但是本发明还广泛适用于在不可见光谱范围中(例如，在IR光谱、UV光谱或其它非可视光谱中)产生的发射输出。
本发明的发光器件与现有的LED-磷光体器件的不同在于，在提供的多个不同的LED芯片中，每个都与器件中的磷光体材料相关。
如本发明的具体用途应用中所期望的，磷光体材料可以包括一种或多于一种的磷光体种类。
磷光体材料被来自发光器件的LED芯片元件的辐射激发，以产生特定光谱特性的磷光体输出。因此，与只有单一LED芯片的相应器件相比，整个器件的光谱输出将是“平滑的”或以别的方式混合的组合辐射。可以选择单个磷光体种类以吸收由给定LED芯片发射的所有的或基本所有的辐射，或者可替换地，只吸收其上的来自LED芯片的入射辐射的一部分，而使得来自LED芯片的发射光的剩余部分传输时不被发光器件吸收。
在一个实施例中，发光器件设置为包括保护性封装内的多个LED芯片和磷光体的单一物体，其中，多个芯片设置为由磷光体材料覆盖的阵列。例如，多个LED芯片可以设置在一个或多个反射杯或其它支撑结构上，覆盖在芯片上的磷光体材料设置为磷光体材料层。当包括多个磷光体种类时，磷光体材料可以构造成相应磷光体的均匀的(例如，基本上均质的)混合物。
本发明期望以覆盖在LED上的覆盖层或块形成磷光体，以便使磷光体的厚度与LED的原发射匹配，从而在LED的整个外表面或者输出表面上，原辐射发射穿过磷光体覆盖层或块的通常相同的厚度，以便由此提供来自照明器件的光谱输出的较好的均匀性。与不形成这种LED芯片而以其它方式获得的辐射相比，本发明还期望成形LED芯片能提供原辐射的定向提高的发射，或者更均匀的原辐射发射。因此，在本发明的各种实施例中，期望保形地(conformally)将磷光体材料覆盖在LED芯片上，以获得发光器件的预定有利特性。
磷光体材料可以任何适当的方式(例如，能够以射、浸涂、刷、滚动、喷溅或其它形式施加在多个芯片上的可调整液体配方设计(curable liquid formulation))施加在多个芯片上，以形成例如其中磷光体成分均匀地分散在层中的磷光体材料层。
在具体的应用中，可期望将LED芯片放入相应的单个反射杯中并将这些杯安装在单一的“灯泡”或封装内。可替换地，也可以期望将所有的LED芯片设置在单一的反射体封装内。多种磷光体可以覆盖在多个LED芯片上或选定的磷光体可以覆盖在特定的LED芯片上。可以使用单个LED芯片/磷光体封装，其中每个LED芯片设置成以使发射的能量射在磷光体上，以从器件中产生集成的输出光。
为了控制由LED芯片发射的光量，如果配线和电源布置的相关成本和复杂性适用于指定用途的应用，可以向每个芯片单独提供电流。可替换地，发光器件的光输出可以通过在芯片制作、芯片数量、芯片形状、芯片尺寸(面积)、接触质量、整个结构电阻等或者LED设计的其它方面的变化进行控制。
磷光体材料可以具有包括例如YAG(钇铝石榴石)磷光体、CaGa2S4:Eu2+磷光体、ZnGa2S4:Mn2+磷光体、SrSCu+，Na磷光体、CaSO4:Bi磷光体的任意合适的类型或者是任何其它适合类型的磷光体材料。
磷光体材料可以包括除磷光体本身之外的成分，诸如其中分散有磷光体的载体介质。在一个实施例中，载体介质包括玻璃或适于传输来自LED芯片和/或磷光体的发射能量的聚合物，以提供来自发光器件的光输出的理想特性。可用于这个目的的聚合物可以具有任意恰当的类型，包括但并不局限于包含聚烯烃、聚酰亚胺、聚砜、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯或相应的共聚物的聚合物。
磷光体可以以一定的数量以微粒或其它的不连续形式分散在载体介质中，该数量确保能够获得理想的特性和将LED芯片发射的能量转化成载体介质中的磷光体发出的光输出的转化程度。
具有磷光体材料的单一封装内的多个不同LED芯片的设置提供能够产生具有理想光谱特性的高强度光输出的紧凑且高效的结构。通过恰当地选择用于发光器件的不同LED芯片和磷光体，可以将相应芯片和磷光体的辐射发射以一定的方式集成，该方式能够获得与预定照明光谱(诸如，阳光、烛光或者传统的白炽灯泡发出的光的光谱)的精确匹配。
因此，可以以一种方式选择LED芯片和磷光体，该方式使得作为光源的LED芯片与响应来自这种芯片的能量影响而发射光的磷光体之间产生较小的能量差别，从而获得高效的光输出。
现在将参照附图描述本发明，其中，图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的发光器件10的剖视图。为了使描述和说明清楚起见，器件10以简化的示意形式示出，没有描述其它的光提取光学元件(例如，反射表面、或聚焦透镜)，并且也没有描述配线、封装头、结合结构、电源等。
发光器件10包括反射杯12或者类似支撑结构，其上安装有第一颜色的LED芯片14和第二颜色的LED芯片16。在这种多芯片阵列的具体排列中，第一LED芯片14是蓝色LED芯片，而第二LED芯片16是绿色LED芯片。
多芯片阵列覆盖有磷光体材料18，其在具体实施例中可以包括散布在诸如聚碳酸酯的聚合母体中的两种磷光体的混合物。适当地选择磷光体材料18中的磷光体，以便其被多芯片阵列发射的辐射激发并相应地发射输出辐射，从而由多芯片阵列和磷光体材料得到的发光器件的集成输出具有理想的光谱特性。
图2是用于图1的发光器件中所采用的LED芯片元件和磷光体中的每一个作为单独要素时的强度随波长变化的曲线图。该曲线图示出了当单独考虑如下这些要素中的每个时，第一LED芯片(“蓝色LED”)、第二LED芯片(“绿色LED”)、第一磷光体(“磷光体1”)、第二磷光体(“磷光体2”)的发射光谱强度。
图3是用于图1的发光器件(包括其光谱已在图2中示出的LED芯片和磷光体成分)的集成输出(“集成输出1”)的强度随波长变化的曲线图。这种集成输出提供与烛光的光谱分布相接近的光谱分布。
图4是包括五个不同的LED芯片颜色的LED多芯片阵列22。芯片A、B、C、D和E(分别标注为“蓝色LED”、“浅绿色LED”、“绿色LED”、“黄色LED”和“红色LED”)构成多LED芯片阵列。
图5是用于图4中的LED阵列中所采用的每个LED芯片元件作为单独要素时的强度随波长变化的曲线图。曲线图示出了当单独考虑如下这些要素中的每个时，第一LED芯片(“蓝色LED”)、第二LED芯片(“浅绿色LED”)、第三LED芯片(“绿色LED”)、第四LED芯片(“黄色LED”)和第五LED芯片(“红色LED”)的发射光谱强度。
图6是作为图4的LED阵列的白光集成输出(“集成输出2”)的强度随波长变化的曲线图。集成光包括五个离散颜色，但是与传统的白炽灯丝灯泡产生的光谱相比较，在光谱分布中存在间隙。
图7是根据本发明的另一个实施例的发光器件的简化示意描述，该发光器件结合有包括设置在支撑表面26上的五个不同的LED芯片A、B、C、D和E(分别标注为“蓝色LED”、“浅绿色LED”、“绿色LED”、“黄色LED”和“红色LED”)的LED多芯片阵列22和位于该多芯片阵列上的磷光体混合物24。
图8是用于图7的发光器件中所采用的LED芯片元件和磷光体种类中的每一种作为单独要素时的强度随波长变化的曲线图。该曲线图示出了当单独考虑如下这些LED芯片和磷光体成分中的每个时，第一LED芯片A(“蓝色LED”)、第二LED芯片B(“浅绿色LED”)、第三LED芯片C(“绿色LED”)、第四LED芯片D(“黄色LED”)和第五LED芯片E(“红色LED”)的发射光谱强度，以及与磷光体混合物24中的磷光体材料相关的分布。
图9是作为图7的发光器件的集成输出的强度随波长变化的曲线图。通过比较图6和图9的光谱分布，可以看出，与不使用磷光体混合物24的相应LED芯片阵列相比较，在该器件中使用磷光体混合物24产生更平滑地变化的光谱分布，相应地该光谱分布是与理想白炽灯泡光谱较好地匹配的光谱。
本发明的特征和优点通过下面的作为本发明的具体方面、特征和实施例的阐述的非限定性的实例而更全面地示出。
实例1：包括两个可见光LED和两种磷光体的发光器件。
为了获得理想的光谱范围，使用X-Brite深蓝(460nm)LED和X-Brite绿(527nm)LED(均可从台湾台北Kingbright公司商业获得)的两个LED来构造图2所示类型的发光器件。该LED用作光源并激发包括两种磷光体的磷光体混合物。磷光体混合物中的第一磷光体是CaGa2S4:Eu2+磷光体，其发射微带黄色的绿光并且被具有小于～480nm(～25％吸收率)的波长的光激发。磷光体混合物中的第二磷光体是ZnGa2S4:Mn2+磷光体，其发射桔红色光并且被具有小于大约510nm(～50％吸收率)的波长的光激发。调节两个LED芯片的每个芯片的尺寸以及磷光体混合物中两种磷光体的每种磷光体的浓度，以获得类似于中午自然日光的相应光谱。
图10是示出以nm表示的波长、以电子伏特表示的能量的图解描述和示出了发射光所延伸的可见光的光谱、激发范围和光谱范围的相关柱状图，用于描述包括两个可见光LED(绿色和蓝色)和两种磷光体的这种发光器件。在图10中，柱C、D、E和F示出了该器件的发射光所覆盖的光谱范围，而柱A和B示出了该器件的激发范围。
图11示出了470nm LED、527nm LED、CaGa2S4:Eu2+磷光体和ZnGa2S4:Mn2+磷光体结合所产生的光谱分布。LED发射强度和磷光体浓度已经被调节，以产生曲线图中所示的光谱分布。
实例2：蓝色和红色LED以及只被蓝色LED激发的两种磷光体。
为了获得理想的光谱范围，使用X-Brite深蓝(460nm)LED和X-Brite红(670nm)LED(均可从台湾台北Kingbright公司商业获得)的两个LED来构造图2所示类型的发光器件。该LED用作光源并且蓝色LED被用来激发包括两种磷光体的磷光体混合物。磷光体混合物中的第一磷光体是SrSCu+，Na磷光体，其发射集中于530nm的绿光并且被波长短于～490nm(～20％吸收率)的光激发。磷光体混合物中的第二磷光体是CaSO4:Bi磷光体，其发射桔黄色光并且被具有波长短于大约～510nm(～10％吸收率)的光激发。在制造期间，LED芯片被磷光体覆盖，所有芯片安装在单一封装内以使制造和装配变得容易。磷光体被蓝色LED芯片发射的蓝光激发，但只传输红色LED芯片发出的红光。调节这两个LED芯片的每个芯片的尺寸以及磷光体混合物中的两种磷光体的每种磷光体的浓度，以获得类似于中午自然日光的相应光谱。
图12是示出了以nm表示的波长、以电子伏特表示的能量的图解描述和示出了发射光所延伸的可见光的光谱、激发范围和光谱范围的相关柱状图，用于描述包括两个可见光LED(蓝色和红色)和只受蓝色LED发射光激发的两种磷光体的混合物的发光器件。在图12中，柱C、D、E和F示出了该器件的发射光所覆盖的光谱范围，而柱A和B示出了该器件的激发范围。
实例3：紫外光和蓝色LED以及一种磷光体。
为了获得接近日光光谱的理想光谱范围，使用可从美国北卡罗来纳州达勒姆市Cree，Inc.商业获得的MegaBrite紫外光(460nm)LED和可从台湾台北Kingbright公司商业获得的X-Brite信号绿色(505nm)LED的两个LED用于制造图2所示的一般类型的发光器件，其中，磷光体材料只包括一种磷光体。紫外光LED用作激发磷光体而绿色LED促成发射光以确保发光器件产生的光谱分布与理想的日光光谱精确匹配。  器件中使用的磷光体是CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+，Mn2+磷光体，其在蓝色、黄-绿色、橙色和红色中辐射。此磷光体可传输绿色而X-Brite信号绿色LED产生在此光谱区域中的光。磷光体被波长短于410nm(～50％吸收率)的光激发。调节这两个LED芯片的每个芯片的尺寸以及磷光体的浓度，以获得类似于中午自然日光的相应光谱。
图13是示出了以nm表示的波长、以电子伏特表示的能量的图解描述和示出了发射光所延伸的可见光的光谱、激发范围和光谱范围的相关柱状图，用于描述包括两个LED(紫外光和蓝色)和一种CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+，Mn2+磷光体的这种发光器件。在图12中，柱B、C、D和E示出了该器件的发射光所覆盖的光谱区域，而柱A示出了该器件的激发范围。
工业实用性
通过提供具有彼此不同的光谱特性的至少两个LED芯片和包括一种或多种磷光体的磷光体材料，本发明的发光器件和方法使得能够获得极好的显色性，由此发射具有不同于每个LED芯片的光谱特性以及不同于磷光体输出的光谱特性的光。因此，这种器件和方法提供了一种发光系统，该发光系统可以灵活设计，以获得与例如阳光、烛光(或其它火光)的光或白炽灯泡产生的光的预定光谱分布匹配的显色性。
本发明的光发射系统在良好的转换效率下获得较好的显色性，并且提供了发光器件设计的自由度，该设计使得能够获得例如具有特定的光谱图或者具有阻止颜色随着该器件使用寿命而改变的光谱特性的最佳光谱输出。

Claims (48)

1.  一种发光器件，包括：
至少两个LED芯片，具有彼此不同的光谱输出；以及
磷光体材料，包括一种或多种磷光体，设置成接收来自至少一个所述LED芯片的光谱输出并且相应地发射作为所述发光器件的至少部分光谱输出的光谱输出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料设置成接收来自至少两个LED芯片的光谱输出。
3.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料设置成接收来自至少两个LED芯片中所有芯片的光谱输出。
4.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料包括至少两种磷光体。
5.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，包括两个LED芯片。
6.根据权利要求5所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料包括两种磷光体。
7.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，包括五个LED芯片。
8.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述发光器件的所述光谱输出是白光光谱输出。
9.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述发光器件的所述光谱输出是不同于白光的光。
10.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述发光器件的所述光谱输出与阳光、烛光或白炽灯丝光的照明光谱基本匹配。
11.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述发光器件的所述光谱输出与火的照明光谱基本匹配。
12.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述发光器件的所述光谱输出是色温在下述白光色温情况(A)，(B)和(C)中的一种的白光：
(A)白光的色温在从1350°k到1550°k的范围内；
(B)白光的色温在从2400°k到3550°k的范围内；
(B)白光的色温在从4950°k到6050°k的范围内。
13.根据权利要求12所述的发光器件，其中，所述白光包括具有在白光颜色情况(A)中的色温的光。
14.根据权利要求12所述的发光器件，其中，所述白光包括具有在白光颜色情况(B)中的色温的光。
15.根据权利要求12所述的发光器件，其中，所述白光包括具有在白光颜色情况(C)中的色温的光。
16.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片和磷光体材料设置在单一封装内。
17.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片被所述磷光体材料覆盖。
18.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料覆盖在所述LED芯片上。
19.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料保形地覆盖在所述LED芯片上。
20.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料覆盖在所述LED芯片上，从而所述LED芯片的光谱输出穿过所述LED芯片上的所述磷光体材料的基本恒定的厚度。
21.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料分散在玻璃或聚合物中。
22.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片包括蓝色LED芯片和绿色LED芯片。
23.根据权利要求22所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料包括CaGa2S4:Eu2+磷光体和ZnGa2S4:Mn2+磷光体。
24.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片包括红色LED芯片和蓝色LED芯片。
25.根据权利要求24所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料包括SrSCu+，Na磷光体和CaSO4:Bi磷光体。
26.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料包括YAG材料。
27.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片包括紫外光LED芯片和蓝色LED芯片。
28.根据权利要求27所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料包括CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+，Mn2+磷光体。
29.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片和磷光体材料包括：第一LED芯片或磷光体，具有包括光发射随着其使用寿命而减少的老化图；以及至少第二LED芯片或磷光体，具有至少部分地补偿所述第一LED或磷光体的所述光发射的减少的老化曲线。
30.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片包括在芯片尺寸方面彼此不同的芯片。
31.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片和所述磷光体材料在单一封装内，所述磷光体材料包括彼此混合的至少两种磷光体，其中，所述磷光体材料沉积在所述单一封装中的所述至少两个LED芯片上。
32.根据权利要求31所述的发光器件，其中，所述磷光体材料包括其中散布有至少两种磷光体的玻璃或聚合物。
33.一种产生光的方法，包括：激发具有彼此不同的光谱输出的至少两个LED芯片，以发射来自每个所述芯片的光谱输出；以及使来自至少一个所述芯片的所述光谱输出冲击在包括一种或多种磷光体的磷光体材料上，以相应地发射作为构成所述光的至少一部分光谱输出的磷光体输出。
34.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述光为白光。
35.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述光为不同于白光的光。
36.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述光与阳光、烛光或白炽灯丝光的照明光谱基本匹配。
37.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述光与火的照明光谱基本匹配。
38.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述光是色温在下述白光色温情况(A)，(B)和(C)中的一种的白光：
(A)白光的色温在从1350°k到1550°k的范围内；
(B)白光的色温在从2400°k到3550°k的范围内；
(B)白光的色温在从4950°k到6050°k的范围内。
39.根据权利要求38所述的方法，其中，所述白光包括具有在白光颜色情况(A)中的色温的光。
40.根据权利要求38所述的方法，其中，所述白光包括具有在白光颜色情况(B)中的色温的光。
41.根据权利要求38所述的方法，其中，所述白光包括具有在白光颜色情况(C)中的色温的光。
42.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述至少两个LED芯片和磷光体材料设置在单一封装内。
43.根据权利要求42所述的方法，其中，所述磷光体材料覆盖在所述至少两个LED芯片上。
44.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述磷光体材料保形地覆盖在所述LED芯片上。
45.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述磷光体材料覆盖在所述LED芯片上，从而所述LED芯片的所述光谱输出穿过所述LED芯片上的所述磷光体材料的基本恒定的厚度。
46.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述磷光体材料包括YAG材料。
47.根据权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，LED芯片和磷光体材料在其老化特性上相匹配，以在所述器件的寿命中提供预定的光谱输出特性。
48.根据权利要求47所述的发光器件，其中，所述预定的光谱输出特性包括在所述器件的所述寿命期间的预定时间的光谱输出的颜色的转变。
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US20120032208A1 (en) 2012-02-09
WO2006076066A2 (en) 2006-07-20
US8513873B2 (en) 2013-08-20
US7564180B2 (en) 2009-07-21
US20060152140A1 (en) 2006-07-13
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US8120240B2 (en) 2012-02-21
TW200625698A (en) 2006-07-16
TWI447946B (zh) 2014-08-01
CN101635294B (zh) 2012-05-30
CN100539215C (zh) 2009-09-09
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