CN101069146B - 以太网线缆上的改良电力输送 - Google Patents

以太网线缆上的改良电力输送 Download PDF

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CN101069146B
CN101069146B CN2005800132512A CN200580013251A CN101069146B CN 101069146 B CN101069146 B CN 101069146B CN 2005800132512 A CN2005800132512 A CN 2005800132512A CN 200580013251 A CN200580013251 A CN 200580013251A CN 101069146 B CN101069146 B CN 101069146B
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CN101069146A (zh
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弗雷德里克·R·申德勒
威尔·威廉·迪比
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
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    • G06F16/953Querying, e.g. by the use of web search engines
    • G06F16/9537Spatial or temporal dependent retrieval, e.g. spatiotemporal queries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/10Current supply arrangements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S707/00Data processing: database and file management or data structures
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Abstract

一种用于电力输送的方法包括将包括四个线对的以太网线缆耦合到电力输送系统,并在所有线对上向用电设备提供电力。电力输送系统包括可操作以用于耦合到包括四个线对的以太网线缆的接口,以及可操作以用于在所有线对上向用电设备提供电力的控制器。

Description

以太网线缆上的改良电力输送
技术领域
本发明总地涉及电信,更具体而言涉及用于以太网线缆上的改良电力输送(power delivery)的方法和系统。
背景技术
大量用电设备(powered device)利用在四对以太网线缆上输送的电力。IEEE发布的标准IEEE 802.3af指定了以太网上的电力输送方法。具体而言,该标准描述了使用四对中的两对来将电力输送到用电设备。但是,由于电信设备对新的通信要求的适应,这些设备可能具有不同的电力需求,其中可能包括对额外电力的需求。因此,用于将电力输送到用电设备的改良方法将是有用的。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个实施例,一种用于电力输送的方法包括将包括四个线对的以太网线缆耦合到电力输送系统,并在所有线对上向用电设备提供电力。
根据本发明的另一个实施例,一种电力输送系统包括可操作以用于耦合到包括四个线对的以太网线缆的接口,以及可操作以用于在所有线对上向用电设备提供电力的控制器。
本发明某些实施例的重要技术优点包括增加了到用电设备的电力。诸如无线通信集线器或坞接台等某些用电设备可能能够利用比传统电力输送系统提供的更多的电力。本发明的某些实施例为这些应用提供了更大电力。
本发明某些实施例的其他重要技术优点包括向用电设备提供可变的电力级别。本发明的某些实施例可以基于一个或多个用电设备的电力需求提供不同电力级别。因此,这些实施例可以与具有不同电力需求的各种设备结合起来使用。
本发明某些实施例的其他技术优点包括用于确定用电设备所需的电力级别的方法。本发明的某些实施例包括通过与设备通信来检测设备所需的电力级别。因此,可以基于来自用电设备的反馈来调节电力级别。
本领域的技术人员从下面的图、描述和权利要求可以更加清楚本发明的其他技术优点。此外,虽然上面列举了具体的优点,但是各个实施例可以包括所列举的优点中的全部、一些,或不包括这些优点。
附图说明
为了更完整地理解本发明及其优点,现在结合附图参考下面的描述,在附图中:
图1示出了根据本发明特定实施例的电力输送系统;以及
图2示出了图1的电力输送系统的操作的示例性方法。
具体实施方式
图1示出了使用例如以太网线缆104这样的以太网级线缆来向一个或多个用电设备102输送电力的电力输送系统100。以太网线缆104是任何合适的线缆组,例如3、4或5类线缆,用于向用电设备102传送信息,例如是10/100BaseT以太网线缆。电力输送系统100使用以太网线缆104中的最多全部四对106(对106A、106B、106C和106D的总称)来向用电设备102提供电力。在一个实施例中,通过经由每个都耦合到特定对106的多个端口提供电力,可以使用多个对106。在一个实施例中,通过经由耦合到多个对106的端口提供电力,可以使用多个对106。这种方式相比于每次仅使用两对以太网线缆向用电设备提供电力的传统系统(例如标准IEEE 802.3af所描述的那些)而言具有优点。
用电设备102是至少部分由电力输送系统100在以太网线缆104上输送的电力供电的任何适当设备。用电设备102可包括诸如电话、个人计算机(PC)、个人数字助理(PDA)、膝上电脑、无线网络接入点或用于一个或多个如上所述的其他用电设备的坞接台(docking station)等设备。用电设备102可包括任何适当的显示器、接口、听筒、麦克风、扬声器或可消耗电力的其他设备。在所示实施例中,用电设备102包括四个端口108A、108B、108C和108D(总称为“端口108”)。每个端口108都耦合到以太网线缆104中的一个对106。
用电设备102使用电力耦合器110A、110B、110C和110D(总称为“电力耦合器110”)接收来自以太网线缆104的电力。电力耦合器110可以是任何适当的变压器、二极管桥、整流器或用于从以太网线缆104提取电力的其他组件或组件集合。在特定实施例中,电力耦合器110包括二极管112和电阻器104。二极管112允许电力从线缆104被接收,而电阻器114调节通过每个端口108从线缆104到设备102的电流。这减小了通过任何特定端口108输送的电力量中将会有显著不均衡的风险,进而义最小化了过热组件、电弧和这种不均衡的其他潜在副作用的风险。
在传统系统中,四对线缆上的以太网以下述几种方式之操作:例如10兆比特每秒(10Mbps),100兆比特每秒(100Mbps),或1吉比特每秒(1Gbps,1000Mbps)。在100Mbps操作中,四对中的两对被用来传送信息和电力,而其余对不被使用。原理上,不被使用的对可从以太网线缆省略,但是它们通常被包括进来,以允许网络被升级到1Gbps。在1Gbps操作中,全部四对都被用来传送信息,有两对还被用来传送电力。
电力输送系统100允许使用以太网线缆104中的全部四对106将电力输送到用电设备102。通过增加用于电力的可用线路的数量,电力输送系统100允许更多电力被输送到用电设备102。另一方面,如果在确定适合向设备施加电力之后,电力输送系统100施加不适用于被使用的设备的电力级别时,电力输送系统100还可能损坏设备。因此,希望包括用于控制被传送到特定设备的电力量的方法。
在特定实施例中,电力输送系统100包括具有四个端口118A、118B、118C和118D(总称为“端口118”)的接口116。在一个实施例中,每个端口118都耦合到特定对106。在另一实施例中,多个对106可耦合到单个端口118。电力输送系统100包括控制器120,其控制开关阵列122(总地指开关122A、122B、122C和122D),以便调节由电源124提供给端口118的电流量。电力输送系统100还包括数据管理器126,其可包括用于使用端口118在例如以太网网络这样的网络128和用电设备102之间交换信息的任何硬件和/或软件。网络128可包括用于在分组、信元、帧、片段或其他信息片断(总称为“分组”)中传送信息的任何适当的一个或多个设备,所述信息格式可由数据管理器126适当地转换为和转换自任何适当格式。
接口116是使用以太网线缆104来传送电信号的任何合适的物理接口。接口116向用电设备102传送电力和从数据管理器126接收的信息。接口116可以适用于100Mbps和1Gbps以太网操作,并且可以使用其端口118中的任何一个传送电力。
控制器120代表用于控制电力输送系统100的操作的任何适当的微处理器、微控制器或其他硬件和/或软件。具体而言,控制器120控制开关122。二极管112被用在其各自的电力耦合器110中,其确保了正确极性的电压被连接到用电设备110内的电路。在一个实施例中,二极管112可被用作开关,并且可以被替换为用于调节输送到端口118的电力的任何组件,例如机械、磁或电中继器。电源124可以是用于向端口118提供电压的任何适当的源。
在操作中,在一个实施例中,电力输送系统100使用任何或全部对106向用电设备102输送电力。在一个实施例中,电力输送系统100使用任何或全部端口118向用电设备102输送电力。在另一实施例中,电力输送系统100使用一个或多个端口118向用电设备102输送电力,其中每个端口118都耦合到多个对106。在一些实施例中,控制器120将电力提供给两个或四个对106,或不提供给对106。在控制器120向所有四个对106提供电力的实施例中,用电设备102可能需要在电力耦合器110中包括电阻器114和/或二极管112,以便确保正确的电压被连接到用电设备102内的电路,并且调节特定端口108接收的电力量,以防止过量电力被输送到单个端口108。在其他实施例中,如果设备102被配置为仅从两个对106接收电力,则电力输送系统100可使用两个对106来输送电力,如果设备102被配置为使用所有四个对106来接收电力,则电力输送系统100可使用四个对106来输送电力。
在电力输送系统100具有多个操作模式的实施例中,例如在两对和四对操作中,电力输送系统100可与设备102通信,以便确定合适的操作模式。电力输送系统100和设备102之间的通信可以多种方式完成,一般地,可以使用允许设备102和系统100交换电力信息的任何通信链路。电力信息可包括任何适当类型的信息,例如要被供电的对106的数量或要在每个对106上提供的电力量。
在特定实施例中,电力输送系统100可通过监视设备102对端口118上的电压和电流值的响应来确定设备的电力特性。例如,在检测到用电设备102的电力需求时,电力输送系统100最初可使用所有端口118发送电力,并响应于检测到电力没有被设备102使用而减少用于发送电力的端口118的数量。在设备102的操作期间,设备102的电力响应可以被监视,以便更准确地确定设备102的电力使用特性。该信息可被用来调节被提供给一个或多个端口118的电力量,从而允许整体上更高效地使用电力。
在其他实施例中,电力输送系统100可以使用通信协议来与设备102交换信息。在特定实施例中,设备发现协议(例如Cisco Discover Protocol(CDP))可包括设备102的电力信息。因此,当设备102耦合到网络时,例如电力输送系统100这样的网络组件可以自动识别设备102的电力需要。这些实施例的技术优点可包括灵活性和适应性。这些信息可被添加到现有的发现协议,并且电力信息可根据需要在协议内被修改或扩展。
在另一实施例中,设备102和电力输送系统100可以使用通过电力输送协议建立的连接来交换信息。电力输送协议的示例包括CDP和IEEE802.3af分类;但是用于传送有关电力的信息的任何协议都可以是电力输送协议。在一个实施例中,电力输送系统100可使用与电力输送协议相关联的边带协议或边协议来与设备102交换电力信息。“边协议”是指不干涉任何已有协议的协议。在另一实施例中,设备102和系统100可使用电力输送协议中不被使用的消息或类。例如,IEEE 802.3af标准中的保留类可被用来传送设备102的电力信息。技术优点包括电力级别可在设备加电之前被建立,并且所描述的技术可通过修改现有的通信协议来实现。
特定实施例的一个优点是对多端口设备的适应性。因此,例如坞接台可以耦合到以太网插孔。插孔所提供的电力量——该电力通常从单个电源得到,以便确保提供安全的低电压——可以基于耦合到坞接台的设备数量被调节,因此当额外的设备(例如PDA或膝上电脑)被耦合到坞接台时电力可被增大,当设备被移除时电力可被减小。在另一实施例中,无线接入点可被耦合到插孔,电力可以基于无线设备的电力使用而被增大或减小,所述电力使用受到例如与接入点通信的无线设备数量这样的因素的影响。
特定实施例的另一个优点是与高级电力管理技术的兼容性。例如,电力输送系统100可能确定使用更多的对106可以更高效地输送相同量的电力,因此系统100可以调节电力输送以适应此提高了的效率。
图2是示出了电力输送系统100的操作方法的一个示例的流程图200。在步骤202,电力输送系统100确定设备102的电力级别,该操作可以是响应于检测到设备102已经耦合到网络而进行的。该步骤可以包括提供预定级别的电力和监视设备102对所提供的电力的响应。或者,电力输送系统100可以与设备102交换电力信息以便确定适当的电力级别。在步骤204,控制器120基于设置对设备102的电力需要的确定结果来设置施加到端口118的电力。
然后,在步骤206,电力输送系统100监视设备102的电力使用。如果设备102的电力使用没有变化,则电力输送系统100可以继续提供电力和监视电力使用,如判断步骤208所示。如果用电设备102的电力使用有变化,则在步骤210,电力输送系统100确定设备是否已断电或从网络断开。如果设备102已断电,则系统100返回搜索用电设备,方法结束。
如果存在除了设备102断电或断开之外的电力使用变化,则在步骤202,电力输送系统100确定设备102的新电力级别。例如,如果设备已从多端口坞接台断开,则电力输送系统100可以减小提供给设备102的电力量。在另一实施例中,设备102可以切换到省电模式,从而使用较少的电力,电力输送系统100可以相应地减小输送给设备102的电力。然后,方法重复,直到设备102断电或从网络断开。
所描述的操作方法仅是与电力输送系统的各种实施例相对应的多种可能的操作方法之一。例如,特定操作方法可能涉及在最初设置电力级别,而不响应于设备102的电力使用的改变来修改电力级别。一般地,可以按合适的顺序执行所描述的方法的步骤,并且可以添加、重新排列或省略特定步骤。此外,也可以采用与上述任何实施例相一致的操作方法。
虽然已经利用多个实施例描述了本发明,但是本领域的技术人员可以作出多种变化、改变、更改、变形和修改,本发明将包括落在所附权利要求范围内的这些变化、改变、更改、变形和修改。

Claims (25)

1.一种用于电力输送的方法,包括:
将包括四个线对的以太网线缆耦合到电力输送系统;
在所有所述线对上向用电设备提供电力;
检测所述用电设备的电力使用的变化;以及
响应于检测到所述用电设备的电力使用的变化,调节通过所述线对中的一个或多个线对提供的电力级别。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:
确定所述用电设备需要较少的电力;以及
减少用于提供电力的线对的数量。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
所述方法还包括确定所述用电设备的电力需求;以及
响应于确定出所述用电设备的电力需求超过预定量,执行在所有所述线对上提供电力的操作。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中,所述电力需求是基于从所述用电设备接收的电力信息来确定的。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述电力信息是使用网络发现协议传送的。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述网络发现协议是CiscoDiscovery Protocol(CDP)。
7.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述电力信息是使用与电力输送协议相关联的边协议传送的。
8.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述电力信息是使用电力输送协议传送的。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
所述用电设备是坞接台;以及
所述电力使用的变化是坞接设备从所述坞接台移除造成的。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述用电设备是可操作以用于消耗至少一部分电力的网络设备,并且还包括从所述用电设备向耦合到所述用电设备的另一用电设备提供一个级别的电力。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
所述用电设备使用多个电力耦合器耦合到所述以太网级线缆;并且
所述电力耦合器中的每一个都包括至少一个可操作以用于调节通过相关联的电力耦合器的电流的电阻器。
12.一种电力输送系统,包括:
可操作以用于耦合到包括四个线对的以太网线缆的接口;以及
控制器,该控制器可操作以用于在所有所述线对上向用电设备提供电力,该控制器可操作以用于检测所述用电设备的电力使用的变化,并且响应于检测到所述用电设备的电力使用的变化,调节通过所述线对中的一个或多个线对提供的电力级别。
13.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中所述控制器还可操作以用于:
确定所述用电设备需要较少的电力;以及
减少用于提供电力的线对的数量。
14.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中:
所述控制器还可操作以用于确定所述用电设备的电力需求;以及
所述控制器响应于确定出所述用电设备的电力需求超过预定量,执行在所有所述线对上提供电力的操作。
15.如权利要求14所述的系统,其中所述电力需求是基于从所述用电设备接收的电力信息来确定的。
16.如权利要求14所述的系统,其中所述电力信息是使用网络发现协议传送的。
17.如权利要求16所述的系统,其中所述网络发现协议是CiscoDiscovery Protocol(CDP)。
18.如权利要求14所述的系统,其中所述电力信息是使用与电力输送协议相关联的边协议传送的。
19.如权利要求14所述的系统,其中所述电力信息是使用电力输送协议传送的。
20.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中:
所述用电设备是坞接台;以及
所述电力使用的变化是坞接设备从所述坞接台移除造成的。
21.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中:
所述用电设备是计算机;以及
所述电力使用的变化是所述计算机从所述接口移除造成的。
22.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中:
所述用电设备使用多个电力耦合器耦合到所述以太网线缆;并且
所述电力耦合器中的每一个都包括至少一个可操作以用于调节通过相关联的电力耦合器的电流的电阻器。
23.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中所述接口包括多个端口,所述端口中的每一个都耦合到所述线对中特定的一个,所述控制器可操作以用于在所述端口中的多个上提供电力。
24.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中所述接口包括耦合到多个线对的端口,所述控制器可操作以用于通过所述端口提供电力。
25.一种电力输送系统,包括:
用于将包括四个线对的以太网线缆耦合到电力输送系统的装置;
用于在所有所述线对上向用电设备提供电力的装置;
用于检测所述用电设备的电力使用的变化的装置;以及
用于响应于检测到所述用电设备的电力使用的变化而调节通过所述线对中的一个或多个线对提供的电力级别的装置。
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US20050268120A1 (en) 2005-12-01
US20100023784A1 (en) 2010-01-28
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US7603570B2 (en) 2009-10-13

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