CN101065077A - 一种带纤毛的类支架系统 - Google Patents
一种带纤毛的类支架系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种带纤毛的类支架系统及其操作方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请涉及下列申请的所有主题,从中要求最早的可获得的有效的申请日(例如,要求不同于临时专利申请的最早的优先权日;要求35USCξ119(e)下的关于临时专利申请的权益),并将下列申请的所有主题以引用方式整体并入本申请;本申请也要求下列申请的任一及全部在先申请(parent、grandparent、great-grandparent,etc.applications)的所有主题的最早的可获得的有效的申请日,并也将这些申请的所有主题以引用方式整体并入本申请:
1.2004年4月19日提交并确定美国申请号USAN 10/827,576的题为一种灌注操作系统的美国专利申请,发明人名为Lowell L.Wood Jr.。
2.2004年4月19日提交并确定美国申请号USAN 10/827,578的题为一种具有传感器的灌注操作系统的美国专利申请,发明人名为Lowell L.WoodJr.。
3.2004年4月19日提交并确定美国申请号USAN 10/827,572的题为一种具有容器的灌注操作系统的美国专利申请,发明人名为Lowell L.WoodJr.。
4.2004年4月19日提交并确定美国申请号USAN 10/827,390的题为一种伸缩灌注操作系统的美国专利申请,发明人名为Lowell L.Wood Jr.。
技术领域
本申请大体涉及用于治疗和/或管理疾病、病症或疾患的内置人工(endoprosthetic)装置。
发明概述
一方面,一种装置,包括但不限于:具有外表面和内表面的柔韧中空部分,其中所述柔韧中空部分被裁定大小以放入接受者体内的一个部位中;和连接至所述柔韧中空部分内表面的多个可活动部件,这些可活动部件可作为一个组进行操作来移动颗粒。除了前述的之外,其它的方法方面在组成本申请一部分的权利要求、附图、和正文中描述。
一方面,一种方法,包括但不局限于:组成可植入动物中的支撑通道;将多个可活动部件连接至所述的支撑通道;并裁定所述支撑通道和所述多个可活动部件的大小以放入动物体内的一个部位。除了前述的之外,其它的方法方面在组成本申请一部分的权利要求、附图、和正文中描述。
一方面,一种方法,包括但不局限于:将中空可膨胀部件放入接受者的腔道部分中,其中所述的中空可膨胀部件内部与多个活动条相连;将所述的中空可膨胀部件置于器官的管腔中;并监控所述的中空可膨胀部件。除了前述的之外,其它的方法方面在组成本申请一部分的权利要求、附图、和正文中描述。
在一个或多个不同的方面,相关的系统,包括但不局限于用于实现此处参考的方法方面的电路和/或程序设计;所述的电路和/或程序设计实际上可以是根据系统设计者的设计选择而配置以实现此处参考方法方面的任何硬件、软件、和/或固件的组合。
在一个或多个不同的方面,相关的系统,包括但不局限于用于实现此处参考的方法方面的能量和动力(power)管理回路和/或程序设计;所述的回路和/或程序设计实际上可以是根据系统设计者的设计选择而被配置来实现此处参考方法方面的任何硬件、软件、和/或固件的组合。
除了前述的之外,提出了不同的其它方法和或系统方面并在本申请的正文(例如,权利要求和/或发明详述)和/或附图中描述。
前述的是概述并因此由于需要而包含对细节的简化、概括和省略;所以,本领域技术人员会理解,这种概述仅用于说明而非意欲以任何方式进行限制。正如权利要求书所单独限定的,此处描述的装置和/或方法的其它方面、发明特征、和优点将在本文的非限制性的发明详述中变得明显。
附图简述
图1是带有纤毛的类支架系统100的一个实施方案的平面图。
图2是带有纤毛的类支架系统100的不同实施方案的平面图。
图3是一个方面的带有纤毛的类支架系统100的截面图。
图4是一个方面的带有纤毛的类支架系统100的截面图。
图5是一个方面的带有纤毛的类支架系统100内部纤毛运动的简图。
图6是一个方面的带有纤毛的类支架系统100内部纤毛运动的简图。
图7是植入气管或支气管树部分701的带有纤毛的类支架系统100的示图。
在不同的附图中使用的相同的符号一般表示类似或相同的部件。
发明详述
本申请使用提纲标题的形式清楚陈述。然而,应该理解提纲标题是出于陈述的目的,并且可以在整个申请中讨论不同类型的主题(例如,装置/结构可在方法/操作标题下讨论,和/或方法/操作可在结构/方法标题下讨论)。因此,提纲标题形式的使用非意欲以任何方式进行限制。
1.纤毛类支架系统和/或方法。
当前参考图1,表示的是各种示例性纤毛类支架系统和/或方法的侧平面示图。相应地,本申请首先描述图1的某些具体的示例性结构;其后,本申请举例说明了某些具体的示例性方法。本领域技术人员将理解此处描述的具体装置、系统和方法仅意欲作为其一般装置、系统和方法的举例说明。
本领域技术人员还将理解,在一个实施方案中,本发明的纤毛类支架系统包括一种带动力的纤毛类支架系统。此外,当结构作为纤毛类支架系统被提及时,非意欲限制该术语。术语类支架系统可指,例如可包括为管通气口提供支撑的任何结构或装置的支架或类似装置,例如细长棒、螺纹、或导管。
A.结构和或装置
参考附图,并且当前参考附图1,表示的是带有纤毛的类支架系统100的平面图。所述的带有纤毛的类支架系统100是可用于受体、接受者或宿主(例如动物)中的内置人工装置。一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可插入穿过组织或器官或其部分的管道的管腔中。所述的带有纤毛的类支架系统100的表面可包括藉以与动物管壁连接或与动物管壁定位接触的表面改性。例如,所述的表面改性可包括凸起101、环、沟、脊或回路,其中一个或多个可以是动力驱动的。一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100是具有实际上中空内部的纵向或长的装置。带有纤毛的类支架系统100可作为管腔内的人工装置来修复、打开、排空、代替、药物治疗或支撑接受者体内的管腔。例如,穿过组织或器官的管道的管腔可以是脉管系统的一部分、神经脉管系统、泌尿生殖管道、肺部管道、胃肠道、或任何其它有管腔穿过的组织或器官或其部分。
参考附图,并且当前参考附图2,描述的是各种带有纤毛的类支架系统100的平面图。一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可具有开放的结构。另一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可具有柔韧的、可压缩的或易膨胀的结构。带有纤毛的类支架系统100可以自膨胀、球囊膨胀、在包埋式控制器控制下膨胀或收缩。膨胀的实现可通过例如加入膨胀性材料或特定的结构,或其组合。例如,所述的膨胀性材料包括但不局限于镍-钴-铬合金或钛。此外,膨胀性的获得也可通过使用线圈或类弹簧结构,或经由多种类型动力部件或机械部件中的任一种。
继续参考附图2,另一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可具有开放的柔韧结构。此类结构将允许带有纤毛的类支架系统100的最小化以便插入。带有纤毛的类支架系统100被插入某部位后可膨胀来提供支撑。带有纤毛的类支架系统100的形状或类型可取决于其使用的部位。例如,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可具有螺旋线圈形状(附图2A和2B)、管网形状(附图2C)、分两叉的形状(附图2D)、不规则的Y形或包括锥形(taper)在内的长分段形状(附图2E)。一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可由单线形成,或具有开放的格或网结构。其它的信息可在例如美国专利第5,395,390和5,234,457号中找到,特此将两者以引用方式整体并入本文。一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可包括,例如,用于提升弹性并更紧密粘附至管腔的分段结构。另一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可包括,例如,用于增强支撑和/或清除阻塞物质的一个或多个可膨胀的分叉或分枝。另外,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可包括附属部件,包括但不局限于排空部件、虹吸管、传感器、驱动器、储物部件、释放存储物的部件、控制器或提供遥测解决方案的部件。
带有纤毛的类支架系统100的某些或全部部件(例如组织接触部件)可由生物相容性材料、形状记忆材料或金属制成,如镍钛合金、金属、硅、塑料或聚合物。聚合物的实例包括但不局限于聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸、醋酸纤维素或硝酸纤维素。一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100的某些或全部部件可由可生物降解的材料制成。另一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可以一种或多种例如生物相容的、有机的或可生物降解的聚合物或材料涂布。
此外,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可用于递送试剂,例如,包括但不局限于,通过被动递送或在所述的带有纤毛的类支架系统100内部或外部的控制器控制下递送。一方面,当通过被动递送来递送试剂时,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可以一种或多种试剂涂布,例如,包括但不局限于药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子或肽。
一方面,将带有纤毛的类支架系统100裁定大小放入接受者中,例如,包括但不局限于放入成年人体的血管管腔中。另一方面,将带有纤毛的类支架系统100裁定大小放入例如小儿体内器官的管腔中。在一个实施例中,支架的直径大小可大约是1-2cm。在另一个实施例中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100的外部和内部直径都可以是固定的或可以变动以适应插入部位的尺寸、功能赋予部件的放置或所述的纤毛类支架系统100的功能。在另一个实施例中,可将带有纤毛的类支架系统100裁定大小以安装至支气管树的一个部位内,其中所述的支气管树部位的内部直径大约是0.1-10mm。本发明的范围还包括,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可用于全部或部分地代替所述的支气管树的段部分的功能。在此实施例中,所述的带有纤毛的类支架系统100的外部直径具有相应于所述支气管树部分的外部直径左右的直径。
当前参考附图3,以及参考附图4,描述的是一个方面的带有纤毛的类支架系统100的横截面图。一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可具有由金属制成的并且使用聚合物涂布的外表面312。外表面312可具有比内表面311更低或更高的摩擦系数,促进了带有纤毛的类支架系统100的外表面312与例如管腔结合壁的粘连。外表面312也可包括表面突起物101以例如将带有纤毛的类支架系统100定位或粘附至例如管腔的结合壁。内表面311可具有低摩擦系数以促进空气、流体、碎片、流化态粒子、渗出液、颗粒、粘液或碎片的流动。内表面311可以是光滑的以减少物质的附着或粘连,从而减少阻塞。外表面312的总摩擦系数仅需要是足以使本发明装置合理地固定和/或定位于一个区域内且使不期望的迁移最小化的数值。因此,对于带有纤毛的类支架系统100,摩擦系数的值将会改变并在一个实施例中取决于其应用或意欲应用的部位。本领域已知例如聚四氟乙烯(teflon)涂布的表面的摩擦系数大约是0.05,皮肤的摩擦系数大约是0.8,以及钢的摩擦系数大约是0.58。在一个示例性的方面,内表面311的摩擦系数在0.0001至大约0.58之间,而外表面312的摩擦系数至少大约是0.0001。在其它的申请或其它的方面,内表面311的摩擦系数和外表面312的摩擦系数可不同于这些范围,并且这些范围不应该被认为是限制性的。
一方面,带有纤毛的类支架系统100具有多个排列在带有纤毛的类支架系统100内表面311的纤毛320和321。多个纤毛可包括一个或多个联接于带有纤毛的类支架系统100的可活动部件。一方面,多个纤毛320和321可以例如以行、列或类似顺序的分组进行排列。多个纤毛320和321可完全或部分覆盖内表面311。一方面,纤毛的长度、尺寸或其它的结构方面将取决于纤毛预期的功能。例如,当与肺部有关的带有纤毛的支架应用于气管或支气管中时,纤毛的活动可帮助降解阻塞物或减少阻塞物的形成。在此实施例中,纤毛可以是长的,纤毛的波状运动可负责移动、排出(expelling)或推进(propelling)例如液体、凝块、阻塞物质或流体、颗粒、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片。另一方面,多个纤毛320和321可以是适于操作波状推进机械装置的不同长度纤毛的组合。本领域技术人员会理解,所述的多个纤毛320和321包括但不局限于类似纤毛功能的结构和/或类似纤毛表观的(appearing)结构。
一方面,多个纤毛320和321可在带有纤毛的类支架系统100的内表面311上排列。然而,在外表面312或两个表面上同时包括多个纤毛320和321也在本发明的范围之内。本发明的范围还包括在外表面312或内表面311上存在的多个纤毛320和321可以不同,例如,在纤毛类型、与纤毛相关的控制机械部件和/或由多个纤毛320和321执行的功能方面不同。例如,外表面311上存在的多个纤毛320和321可以是一个类型或具有帮助带有纤毛的类支架系统100放置入接受者特定部位的特征,而内表面312上存在的多个纤毛320和321可以是一个类型或具有执行其它功能的特征。
当前参考附图5,一方面,多个纤毛320和321可包括由自振荡聚合物凝胶制备的驱动器。其它的信息可在O.Tabata,H.Hirasawa,K,和S.Aoki第14届微机电系统国际年会上的论文″Ciliary Motion Actuator usingSelf-Oscillating gel.″(2001年,第405-408页)中找到,此处将其以引用方式并入本文。另一方面,多个纤毛320和321都可由自振荡聚合物凝胶制备。所述的自振荡聚合物凝胶表现出自发的膨胀520和退胀521并负责传送波动。纤毛运动包括但不局限于上下、波状、波样(wave like)、脉冲、矢量、振荡、循环、横向、垂直、节律或侧面运动等。纤毛运动不需局限于较大的运动,也可包括纳米水平的运动。
纤毛运动可能是自传导或被诱导的。例如,对于肺部带纤毛的支架,当颗粒碰触到纤毛时或当患者咳嗽或其它活动或驱动他/她的胸腔时,可产生诱导。驱动可利用例如来自之前动作所储存的能量;在肺部案例中,例如,所述动作可以是与吸入和/或呼出相关的或与心肌运动相关的那些动作。带有纤毛的类支架系统100可以是部分一次性的支架,例如,其中支架的大部分是由可生物降解的或其它在体内被溶解或分解的材料组成。本领域技术人员应该理解,从自振荡聚合物凝胶制作此类纤毛的技术是众所周知的并在此处以引用方式并入本文。本领域技术人员还会理解,特别当可以获得动力来源时,帮助纤毛驱动的传送以相反方向沿着支架进行的技术是已知的并且在此处以引用方式并入本文。
另一方面,多个纤毛310和321包括一个或多个柔韧的聚合棒。其它的信息可在由R.L.Carroll,B.Wilde,R.M.Taylor,L.Vicci,S.Washburn和R.Superfine在2003年11月6-8日召开的美国物理学会东南分会的第70届年会上做的题为″Biomimetic Flexible Polymer Rods-Artificial Cilia.″的报告中找到。模仿纤毛结构的聚合棒是已知的结构。所述的聚合棒可具有大约10微米的长度和大约800nm的直径并且将能够推进流体、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片。然而,不同尺寸的聚合棒在本发明的范围内。在一个实施例中,一个或多个柔韧的聚合棒包括磁性材料。例如,外部的振荡磁场可直接或通过与支架内能量储存和/或动力供应的诱导性偶合来操纵或驱动所述的柔韧聚合棒。本领域技术人员应该理解此类技术和类似技术是已知的,并且在此处以引用方式并入本文。
另一方面,多个纤毛320和321包括一个或多个MEMS微驱动器阵列。本领域技术人员应该理解,一个或多个MEMS微驱动器阵列可以被制造以运行各种方式的振荡运动并且能够被包含在带有纤毛的类支架系统100的内部以例如提供力量来移动流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片穿过带有纤毛的类支架系统100的内部。本领域技术人员应该理解MEMS的制造和驱动技术是本领域已知的,并且在此处以引用方式并入本文。
当前参考附图6,一方面,多个纤毛320和321以例如集中组或阵列620的方式排列。每个纤毛可具有例如经改性的桨形结构,用于有效移动流体、流化态粒子、颗粒、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片。
一方面,多个纤毛310和321或阵列620包括一个或多个驱动器阵列,例如MEMS驱动器阵列。MEMS驱动器阵列可被涂布一薄层改善阵列物理、化学或电学特性的材料,例如包括但不局限于聚酰亚胺。MEMS驱动器阵列可使用热量和静电控制机制来提高小物体的无传感器操纵。一方面,MEMS驱动器阵列可以被排列在例如包括但不局限于带有纤毛的类支架系统100的内表面311上。驱动器阵列可以有能力提供多种动作,例如、平移、旋转、定心或定位。此外,它们可诱导多个纤毛320和321的低水平步态,例如导致流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片被移动的上下运动、循环运动或鞭打运动。在此实施例中,移动流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片的速度取决于驱动器每次循环的移位、每单位时间循环重复的次数、被移动颗粒的表面性能、被移动颗粒的重量、局部的表面张力、相对于重力方向或其它加速场的局部定向等。在另一个实施例中,一个或多个MEMS驱动器阵列可用于诱导高水平的控制或高水平的步态,例如定向并对准流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片。在此实施例中,一个或多个MEMS驱动器阵列可用于定位或旋转阻塞或阻断的颗粒以使其从管腔中排除或清除。本领域技术人员应该理解此类技术是本领域已知的并且在此处以引用方式并入本文。其它的信息可在W.Suh,R.B.Darling,K.F.Bōhringer,B.R.Donald,H.Baltes,G.T.A.Kovacs的文章″Fully Programmable MEMS Ciliary Actuator Arrays forMicromanipulation Tasks.″(IEEE机器人和自动化国际大会(ICRA),第1101-1108页,San Francisco,CA,2000年4月)中找到,此处以引用方式并入本文。
继续参考附图6,在一个实施例中,多个纤毛320和321可例如按程序化的或其它方式控制的节律活动。多个纤毛320和321可从中部静止位置伸展至向上的伸展位置621,在返回中部静止位置前伸展至向下的位置623。在另一个实施例中,多个纤毛320和321的静止位置可以是向下的位置623。多个纤毛320和321的其它同步或不同步蠕动(beating)的组合属于本发明的范围之内,包括那些将纤毛动作的一个或多个波沿着相对于支架局部轴线的某些选定方向传送的组合。
另一方面,多个纤毛320和321可包括马达用以提供能量或产生移动流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片或流体所需的力量。在一个实施例中,蛋白质分子马达,例如使用驱动蛋白或动力蛋白的那些分子马达,可用于提供纤毛旋转或定向运动的动力。例如,包括但不局限于,生物分子马达的运动方向受任何存在的微管蛋白的导向或可用作为马达轨道的基质的影响。一方面,ATP水解可提供驱动生物分子马达的能量,并且可通过例如将线粒体偶合至生物分子马达来提供ATP和ATP酶。在另一个实施例中,肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白系统可被包括在多个纤毛320和321中以提供用于移动流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片的力量。本领域技术人员应该理解此类技术是本领域已知的并且以引用方式并入本文。这个主题在下述文献中有进一步的描述:N.Thomas和R.A.Thornhill,Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics 31,253-266页,1998年2月7日;Carlo Montemagno、George Bachand、Scott Stelick和Marlene Bachand,Nanotechnology 10:225-231,1999;两篇文献以引用方式并入本文。
另一方面,多个纤毛320和321包括具有电活性聚合物的电活性传感器,所述电活性聚合物感应电场而偏移。在一个实施例中,所述电活性聚合物的偏移可操作来移动流体。在另一个实施例中,所述电活性聚合物的偏移可操作以移动流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片,例如,凝结或成块的流体。所述的传感器包括至少两个与电活性聚合物进行电子传递的电极。电活性聚合物的偏转可产生一系列的动作,包括但不局限于一次或多次的旋转、振动、线性、鞭动等运动。其它关于电活性聚合物的信息可美国专利申请第2004/0008853号中找到,以引用方式并入本文。
另一方面,多个纤毛320和321包括例如电致伸缩材料,如压电材料或磁致伸缩材料。这些材料可通过应用电场或磁场来驱动,分别由例如带有纤毛的类支架系统100的内部或外部的动力来源来提供。一方面,动力来源可以在带有纤毛的类支架系统100的外部但在接受者的内部。例如包括但不局限于,声能可以来源于带有纤毛的类支架系统100的内部或来源于接受者体内安置带有纤毛的类支架系统100的部位。另一方面,动力来源可以在接受者的外部,例如动力可从接受者外部提供给带有纤毛的类支架系统100,包括直接或间接地动力驱动多个纤毛320和321。另一方面,动力来源还可以在带有纤毛的类支架系统100的内部。
另一方面,纤毛动作的控制可通过控制器施行,例如包括但不局限于位于数字微处理器中心的全部或部分包埋在带有纤毛的类支架系统100或动力类支架系统内的控制器。此类包埋的控制器可被询问或编程,使用声、线或光回路或通过电。磁或电磁信号的无线传送。此类控制器可通过带有纤毛的类支架系统100或动力类支架系统内的一个或多个传感器获得信息。此类控制器也可以程序化的方式不时的指导从位于带有纤毛的类支架系统100或动力类支架系统内的一个或多个容器或储藏室释放一种或多种物质,或者可以指导、监测或控制部分或全部带有纤毛的类支架系统100或动力类支架系统的一种或多种大规模动作。
动力带有纤毛的类支架系统100的能量供应包括,但不局限于,包括一种或多种可能包埋的一次或二次电池,经由为此目的而应用的体外磁场、电场、声场、总机械动作场(gross-mechanical-motion field)或光场的电池再充电或直接的动力传递,可能包埋在所述系统内的产生化学能的系统。一方面,能量可再充或再生。例如,通过体外或体内来源,以及包埋或植入有带有纤毛的类支架系统100或动力类支架系统的机体内一种或多种肌肉的动作产生的动能的转导/转换,例如包括但不局限于惯性-机械-电转导。
所述的带有纤毛的类支架系统100或动力类支架系统可包括:附加部件;集成部件;或在直径方向膨胀和/或收缩以及沿着局部管腔轴向平移的性能;所述系统的任何部分,包括其全部。这些可包括但不局限于机械部件,例如线性马达、电或磁致伸缩驱动器、牵引部件、气体驱动器、蠕动部件等。
带有纤毛的类支架系统100或带有动力的类支架系统可包括:附加部件;集成部件;或检测和/或定量测定(达到规定的准确度)其环境的一种或多种特征或变量的性能,将这些信息处理、储存并发送至体外接受器的性能,以及从一个或多个体外点(points)接收控制信息或询问信息的性能。
可由带有纤毛的类支架系统100储存和/或释放的物质形式包括但不局限于所有类型的液体、气体、乳液、凝胶、雾(mists)、喷雾、粉尘、粉末、所有类型的雾化或碳化粒子物质,及其组合物可以是一种或多种药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子、或肽、照影剂或药理剂。
B.操作和/或方法
参考附图,并且当前参考附图7,是被植入气管701的带有纤毛的类支架系统100的简图。在另一个实施方案中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100被植入细支气管703或支气管702或支气管树的任意部分中。在其它的实施方案中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100不受限于肺部系统并且可使用于接受者任何管或器官的管腔中,例如,动物体内的任何管。
在一个实施方案中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100包括但不局限于用来操作带有纤毛的类支架系统100和/或多个纤毛320和321的外部控制器。带有纤毛的类支架系统100的操作可包括例如排除、移动、引导、定位或再定位所述的带有纤毛的类支架系统100。在一个实施例中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可由医疗人员从远处进行控制或操作。在另一个实施例中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可在接受者外部进行控制或操作。在另一个实施方案中,外部控制器可包括监控系统和/或操作带有纤毛的类支架系统100和/或多个纤毛320和321的无线回路。
在一个实施方案中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100包括移动或转移各种类型生物废物的系统或装置,所述生物废物如流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片。例如,所述的装置或系统可包括与用于显示碎片区域的监测器相连的虹吸管。然后可见的碎片通过定位并操作虹吸管而被虹吸。在一个实施例中,所述的虹吸管可与多个纤毛320和321协作使用。在此实施例中,所述的多个纤毛320和321可用于收集和/或排除任何碎片,而所述虹吸管被用来将所述收集的或排除的任何碎片从肺部管道的一个或多个部位收集和/或转移入食管。
在一个实施方案中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100的用途包括但不局限于肺部疾病的治疗,例如慢性障碍性肺部疾病(COPD)。COPD包括以呼吸困难为表征的疾病或以例如慢性支气管炎、哮喘或肺气肿为表征的病症。其它的信息可在以下两篇文章中找到:PJ.Barnes,″Small Airways inCOPD.″New England Journal of Medicine,350:256,2635-2637页,2004年7月4日;和E.R.Sutherland,R.M.Cherniack,″Management of ChronicObstructive Pulmonary Disease,2689-2697页,2004年6月24日,以引用方式并入本文。在另一个实施方案中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可以被配置来解决例如囊性纤维化疾病,在所述疾病中,粘膜纤毛系统的性能障碍导致粘液、渗出液和病原体在肺中的累积,引起延长的、有时致命的感染。在此实施例中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可通过积极地排除例如流体、粒子、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或生物碎片来帮助清理气体通道,包括结合使用从所述带有纤毛的类支架系统100或其它来源所释放和/或分散的表面活性剂或粘度调节剂。
在一个实施方案中,多个纤毛320和321被设计来间歇地活动。在另一个实施方案中,多个纤毛320和321被设计来持续地活动。本领域技术人员应该理解多个纤毛320和321的运动可以根据许多标准来进行调节,所述标准例如使用区域或所要求执行任务的特点。
C.变化和/或实施方案
本领域技术人员应该理解,本申请教导了在本发明构思之内的装置、结构和/或方法的改进。例如,带有纤毛的类支架系统100不必局限于圆筒或管的形状。例如,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可具有复合的或多段的可变形状以提供最适合动物体内使用部位的形状。在另一个实施例中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100可具有基本上平面或圆锥的形状,或可随着其装入或横切入动物管道内腔而显著改变其形状。按照此处教导的,本领域技术人员应该理解对本发明主题的其他改进。
本领域技术人员应该理解带有纤毛的类支架系统100可由赋予其全部或部分可处理性的材料所制备。在一个实施例中,带有纤毛的类支架系统100的外表面312被设计来递送试剂或执行移动阻塞物和随后分解的功能。例如,带有纤毛的类支架系统100的外表面312可使用与管腔壁接触的试剂涂布。带有纤毛的类支架系统100的主体可被设计成在一定间隔的时间内分解或溶解,使试剂留在管腔上或管腔内。或者,带有纤毛的类支架系统100本身可以持续或在程序控制下释放一种或多种试剂于管腔中。任何的此类药剂可被再次装入带有纤毛的类支架系统100内的隔室或容器而得到补充。按照此处教导的,本领域技术人员将理解对本发明主题的其他改进。
本领域技术人员将理解带有纤毛的类支架系统100可包括从放置所述支架的接受者或动物外部控制其无线或机器人(robotic)附属部件。按照此处教导的,本领域技术人员将理解对本发明主题的其它改进。
先前描述的方面描述了包含在不同的其它组件内或与不同的其它组件相连的不同组件。应该理解此类描述的结构仅仅示例性的,并且事实上可以实施获得同样功能的许多其它结构。在概念意义上,任何获得同样功能的组件排列是有效“联合的”,以便获得所需的功能。因此,此处被组合以获得特定功能的任何两种组件可以被视为彼此“联合的”,以便在不考虑结构或中间组件时获得所需的功能。同样,如此联合的任何两种组件也可看作为彼此“操作连接的”或“操作偶合的”以获得所需的功能。
虽然本文描述的本发明主题的具体方面已被展示和描述,但对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是,基于本文的教导,可以在不脱离本文描述的本发明主题及其更广的方面下做出改变和改进,因此,权利要求书将属于本发明主题构思和范围之内的所有这类改变或改进包括在权利要求的范围之内。此外,应该理解本发明由权利要求书单独限定。本领域技术人员应该理解,通常,本文使用的术语以及特别是权利要求书中使用的术语(例如,权利要求书的主体)一般意欲作为“开放性”术语(例如,术语“包括(including)”应解释为“包括但不局限于”,术语“具有”应解释为“至少具有”,术语“包括(includes)”应解释为“包括但不局限于”,等)。本领域技术人员还将理解,如果引出的权利要求中叙述的特定数目是有意的,则此意图将在权利要求中明确地叙述,并且在此类叙述不存在时则不存在此意图。例如,作为理解的帮助,权利要求书可包含引导短语“至少一种”和“一种或多种”的使用以引出权利要求的叙述。然而,即使当相同的权利要求包括引导短语“一种或多种”或“至少一种”以及不定冠词例如“一”或“一”(例如,“一”和/或“一”一般应解释为“至少一种”或“一种或多种”的含义)时,对于仅含有这样一种叙述的发明,此类短语的使用不应理解为包含通过不定冠词“一”或“一”限定任何特定包含此类引入权利要求叙述的权利要求。其也适用于引入的权利要求叙述中定冠词的使用。此外,即使引入的权利要求叙述的特定数目明确地叙述,本领域技术人员将理解此类叙述应一般解释为表示至少叙述的数目(例如,“两种叙述”的无限定叙述,无其它修饰语时,一般表示至少两种叙述,或两种或多种叙述),等。
Claims (83)
1.一种装置,其包含:
一柔韧中空部分,其具有外表面和内表面,其中所述柔韧中空部分被裁定大小以放置在接受者体内的一个部位中;和
多个可活动部件,其连接至所述的柔韧中空部分内表面,所述的可活动部件可作为一组进行操作来移动颗粒。
2.如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分进一步包含:
基本上是管状或圆筒状的结构。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述的基本上可膨胀的管状或圆筒状的结构进一步包含:
至少一个基本上可膨胀或收缩的结构。
4.如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述的基本上可膨胀的管状或圆筒状的柔韧结构进一步包含:
可膨胀的网。
5.如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述的基本上是管状或圆筒状的结构进一步包含:
连接至多个可活动部件的多个可膨胀的段。
6.如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述的基本上是管状或圆筒状的结构包含:
一种或多种金属、硅、聚合物、塑料、有机物或可生物降解材料。
7.如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述的基本上是管状或圆筒状的结构进一步包含:
一种或多种药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子、肽、聚合物或可生物降解材料的涂层。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分进一步包含:
用于放置在特定部位的形状或结构。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分进一步包含:
用于放置在气管、支气管、支气管树、生殖泌尿道、胃肠道、肺部管道、神经脉管系统或脉管系统的形状或结构。
10.如权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分进一步包含:
用于放置在接受者的器官或组织或其部分中穿过的管腔的形状或结构。
11.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分进一步包含:
一个或多个柔韧中空部分,所述一个或多个柔韧中空部分连接组成可操作的条,所述可操作的条形成针对一个部位的结构。
12.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分进一步包含:
一个或多个分叉或分枝。
13.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分进一步包含:
基本上光滑的内表面。
14.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分包含:
具有低摩擦系数的、可操作用于空气或流体低阻力流动的内表面。
15.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分包含:
具有表面改性的、可操作用于粘附、粘着或定位于接受者特定部位的外表面。
16.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的接受者包括:
动物或植物。
17.如权利要求13所述的装置,其中所述的表面改性包含:
一个或多个沟、凸起、脊、环或回路。
18.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的多个可活动部件进一步包含:
一个或多个凝胶、水凝胶、胶质、聚合物、振荡聚合物、电活性聚合物、聚合物、电或磁致伸缩材料、线性马达部件或使用生物相容性材料涂布的物质。
19.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的多个可活动部件进一步包含:
用于移动流体、颗粒、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或碎片的低水平步态或动作。
20.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的多个可活动部件进一步包含:
用于移动流体、颗粒、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液、或碎片的高水平步态或动作。
21.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
驱动器、马达、生物分子马达或可操作用于提供与所述多个可活动部件连接的动作的部件。
22.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
用于控制所述多个可活动部件或所述柔韧中空部分的电场、磁场、声场、光场或电磁场。
23.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
用于控制所述装置的外部或内部的电场、磁场、声场、光场或电磁场。
24.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置包含:
用于代替或功能性补充至少一部分气管、支气管、支气管树、生殖泌尿道、胃肠道、肺部管道、神经脉管系统或脉管系统的定制的大小、形状或尺寸。
25.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
用于监测、操作或控制所述装置的与所述装置连接的外部控制器。
26.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
连接至所述外部控制器的监测器。
27.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
连接至所述装置用以操作所述装置的遥控系统。
28.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
连接至所述装置的排泄部件。
29.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
用于分散至少一种药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子、肽、聚合物或可生物降解材料的机械部件。
30.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
用于储存一种或多种药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子、肽、聚合物或可生物降解材料的容器。
31.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的柔韧中空部分进一步包含:
一个或多个连接至所述柔韧中空部分外表面的可活动部件。
32.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述的装置进一步包含:
为所述装置提供动力的机械部件。
33.如权利要求32所述的装置,其中所述为所述装置提供动力的机械装置进一步包含:
用于获得或储存能量的机械部件。
34.一种制备装置的方法,其包含:
制成可植入接受者体内的支撑通道;
将多个可活动部件连接至所述支撑通道;并
裁定所述支撑通道和与所述支撑通道相连的多个可活动部件的大小以放入所述接受者的一个部位中。
35.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
将所述多个可活动部件连接至所述支撑通道以移动一种或多种流体、颗粒、流化态粒子、物体、碎片、粘液、渗出液或碎片。
36.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
形成所述支撑通道,其中至少有一部分支撑通道是至少基本上柔韧、可压缩或膨胀的。
37.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
形成所述支撑通道,其包括与所述多个可活动部件连接的基本上可膨胀的管状或圆筒状部件。
38.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
形成所述支撑通道,其包括与所述多个可活动部件连接的可膨胀网。
39.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
形成所述支撑通道,其连接于形成用于放入接受者体内特定部位的结构的所述多个可活动部件。
40.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
形成分两叉的支撑通道。
41.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
形成所述支撑通道或多个可活动部件,其是使用一种或多种金属、硅、聚合物、塑料、无机物、有机物或可生物降解材料制成的。
42.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
所述支撑通道或所述多个可活动部件的至少一部分使用生物相容性材料、聚合物、可生物降解材料、药物、药剂或治疗剂进行涂布。
43.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
在所述支撑通道的至少一部分的内部制成光滑表面。
44.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
在所述支撑通道的外部制成可操作用以粘附或定位于动物体内大致的特定部位的表面改性。
45.如权利要求44所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
形成表面改性,其包括在支撑通道外的沟、回路、脊、环或突起。
46.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
形成所述支撑通道或所述多个可活动部件,其包括一种或多种凝胶、水凝胶、胶质、聚合物、振荡聚合物、电活性聚合物、聚合物或使用生物相容材料涂布的材料。
47.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
定向所述多个可活动部件为向外放射状。
48.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
设定所述多个可活动部件的结构来限定低水平的步态或动作。
49.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
设定所述多个可活动部件的结构来限定高水平的步态或动作。
50.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
将所述多个可活动部件中包括至少一个能实现向上、向下、循环、旋转、直线、平移、或水平运动的部件。
51.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
包括具有独立的、相继的、或同步的动作的多个可活动部件。
52.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
将驱动器、马达、生物分子马达或可操作用以提供动作的部件操作连接至所述的多个可活动部件。
53.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
在所述的多个部件或可操作来控制所述一个或多个可活动部件的动作或方向的驱动器中包括内部的电场、磁场或机械应力场。
54.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
包括用于控制或指导所述多个可活动部件的电场、磁场、声场、光场或电磁场。
55.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
用于控制或指导所述多个可活动部件的外部或内部的电场、磁场、声场、光场或电磁场。
56.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法包含:
形成所述支撑通道,其具有用于放入气管、支气管、支气管树、生殖泌尿道、胃肠道、肺部管道、神经脉管系统或脉管系统中的定制的大小、形状、结构或尺寸。
57.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法包含:
形成所述支撑通道,其具有用于代替或功能性补充至少一部分气管、支气管、支气管树、生殖泌尿道、胃肠道、肺部管道、神经脉管系统或脉管系统的定制的大小、形状、结构或尺寸。
58.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
将外部控制系统连接至所述的多个可活动部件或所述的支撑通道。
59.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
包括用于远程操作或操纵所述装置的外部控制系统。
60.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
将监测器连接至所述的支撑通道。
61.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
将碎片清除、碎片替换或碎片转移系统连接至所述的支撑通道。
62.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
提供用于储存至少一种药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子、肽、聚合物或可生物降解材料的储存系统。
63.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
使用至少一种药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子、肽、聚合物或可生物降解材料将所述装置的至少一部分进行涂布。
64.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
包括用于释放一种或多种药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子、肽、聚合物或可生物降解材料的机械部件。
65.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
在所述装置的内部或外部储存能量。
66.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
提供一种用于获得动力的机械部件。
67.如权利要求34所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
将所述的多个可活动部件连接至所述的支撑通道的至少一个内壁或外壁。
68.一种方法,其包含:
将中空可膨胀部件放入接受者的腔内部分,其中所述的中空可膨胀部件的内部与一个或多个活动条相连;将所述的中空可膨胀部件定位在器官的管腔中;并监控所述的中空可膨胀部件。
69.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
调节、指导、定位、引导或驱动所述的中空可膨胀部件。
70.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
移去所述的中空可膨胀部件。
71.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
驱动所述的一个或多个连接至所述中空可膨胀部件的活动条以移动流体、颗粒、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或碎片。
72.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法包含:
提供用于形成所述中空可膨胀部件的大小、尺寸、或定制的改性。
73.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
应用至少一种外部的电场、磁场、声场、光场或电磁场以清除流体、颗粒、流化态粒子、粘液、渗出液或碎片。
74.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
将所述的中空可膨胀部件放入气管、支气管、支气管树、生殖泌尿道、胃肠道、肺部管道、神经脉管系统或脉管系统中。
75.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:控制所述多个活动条的动作或方向。
76.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:调节所述多个活动条的定向。
77.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
放置所述的中空可膨胀部件,其中所述的中空可膨胀部件具有至少一个分叉。
78.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:定位所述至少一个分叉。
79.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:清除任何碎片。
80.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:远程监控所述的中空可膨胀部件。
81.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:远程定位所述的中空可膨胀部件和多个可活动部件。
82.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:将所述的中空可膨胀部件装料。
83.如权利要求68所述的方法,其中所述的方法进一步包含:
递送药物、药剂、治疗剂、生物活性剂、化学品、化合物、表面活性剂、类固醇、腔道膨胀剂、腔道收缩剂、抗生素或抗真菌或抗病毒剂、蛋白质、核酸或由一种或多种核酸组成的聚合物、大分子、肽、聚合物或可生物降解材料。
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- 2005-09-19 GB GB0706802A patent/GB2432537B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-19 DE DE112005002338T patent/DE112005002338T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-19 JP JP2007533572A patent/JP2008514284A/ja active Pending
- 2005-09-19 WO PCT/US2005/033475 patent/WO2006036633A2/en active Application Filing
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101133246B (zh) * | 2005-02-21 | 2012-01-11 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 基于致动器元件的微流体系统 |
CN102370476A (zh) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-03-14 | 上海交通大学 | 心血管血液流速传感器 |
CN102370476B (zh) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-07-10 | 上海交通大学 | 心血管血液流速传感器 |
CN103826694A (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-05-28 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 能量传递装置以及使用方法 |
CN103826694B (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2017-03-22 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 能量传递装置以及使用方法 |
CN106823131A (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2017-06-13 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 能量传递装置以及使用方法 |
CN106823131B (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2019-12-20 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 能量传递装置以及使用方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2006036633A2 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
KR101255377B1 (ko) | 2013-04-17 |
DE112005002338T5 (de) | 2009-02-05 |
JP2008514284A (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
WO2006036633A3 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
GB0706802D0 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
US20060069425A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
US8092549B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 |
GB2432537A (en) | 2007-05-30 |
KR20070063559A (ko) | 2007-06-19 |
GB2432537B (en) | 2010-01-06 |
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