CN100580138C - Method for producing multiple material micro part - Google Patents
Method for producing multiple material micro part Download PDFInfo
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- CN100580138C CN100580138C CN200610104685A CN200610104685A CN100580138C CN 100580138 C CN100580138 C CN 100580138C CN 200610104685 A CN200610104685 A CN 200610104685A CN 200610104685 A CN200610104685 A CN 200610104685A CN 100580138 C CN100580138 C CN 100580138C
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Abstract
The process of producing miniature part of multiple materials includes the following steps: smelting basic metal material in a crucible, setting multiple material powder in container, sealing vacuum cavity, starting the jet environment measuring and controlling system, jet controlling system and the molten drop/powder combining deposition controlling system, maintaining the jetting pressure of crucible in 40 KPa, applying charging voltage and deflection voltage, so as to form and deflect the molten drop flow; spraying the powder to the molten drop bath for mutual dissolving with the molten drop, and cooling the product in no-oxygen environment. The process can form miniature part of multiple materials in complicated material distribution at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of multiple material micro part.
Background technology
The high-performance multiple material micro part is with a wide range of applications and potential market with fields such as the load-carrying parts of micro-structure in various aerospacecrafts of its unique physics, mechanical property, minute vehicle particular component, space power system and nuclear industry.The preparation method of traditional many materials of metal product mainly contains vapour deposition process, coating method, laser cladding method, powder metallurgic method, self propagating high temperature combustion synthesis method etc., but because the limitation of technology, all can not directly prepare many materials product from the prototype of design, for example self propagating high temperature combustion synthesis method etc. needs mould, material composition is single, can not be shaped as having the complicated parts such as many materials of minute metallic turbine of complicated inner flow passage.In addition, because other technology relate to powerful laser equipment, tooling cost costliness, complex procedures.Therefore people constantly explore the method for multiple material micro part integrated manufacturing system (IMS), realize the multiple material micro part low cost, the high-level efficiency manufacturing.
Symmetrical liquid drop injecting technology (UDS) is a kind of new metal fast prototype making process that is proposed by the Droplet based Manufacture of Massachusetts Institute Technology (DBM) laboratory, it is the even metal molten drop that ultimate principle is to use mechanical disturbance that laminar flow capillary metal jet is dispersed, simultaneously the molten drop that produces there is the charging of selection, use the high tension electrostatic field accurately to locate metal drop then, be piled into the product that desire is shaped layer by layer.This method is metal refining directly, for the quick preparation of metal parts and the many material pieces preparations of metal matrix provides a thinking.But symmetrical liquid drop injecting deposition can only deposition of aluminum, zinc, copper one class fusing point are not very high metals, produces the method for multiple material micro part and can only be used to prepare limited low-melting metal multiple material micro part so adopt the even molten drop of differing materials to unite deposition.
Document " W.B.Cao; S.Kirihara; Y.Miyamoto; K.Matsuura, M.Kudoh.evelopment of freeformfabrication method for Ti-Al-Ni intermetallics.Intermetallics 102002:879-885. " has been introduced a kind of with compound fast preparation method between even metal drop injection and synthetic (SHS) technology bonded hot metal of molten drop/powder self-propagating high-temperature.It is with the aluminium molten drop, be deposited on exactly on the substrate that is covered with even titanium valve body, utilize even aluminium drop to deposit in the metal-powder of preheating 300 degree self-propagating high-temperature synthetic (SHS) reaction cast alumin(i)um-titanium intermetallic compound takes place, carry out once more shop powder and deposition then, produce aluminium-titanium intermetallic compound material through repeatedly shop powder and deposition.This technology can be according to design fast deposition inter-metallic compound material, and its fusing point is higher than titanium metal.But it does not deposit product, and since the powder body material on the substrate can not be in forming process changes on request, can't the multiple material with complex composition of moulding and the multiple material micro part of distribution.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of the multiple material micro part that prior art can't the multiple material with complex composition of moulding, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of multiple material micro part.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of manufacture method of multiple material micro part is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) metallic substance is packed into crucible sealing and fusion is stand-by, many materials powder is respectively charged in the container of powder feeding device, and the debugging powder feeding device makes the powder jet place be full of powder, and whole process of preparation is carried out in vacuum chamber;
2) sealed vacuum chamber starts injection environment TT﹠C system and carries out the intracavity gas deoxygenation, handles through 2～4 hours deoxygenations, and the oxygen level in the vacuum chamber is reduced to below the 10PPM;
3) start the jet jet control system, make the crucible spraying pressure maintain 40KPa, the assurance jet is stable, add charging voltage and deflecting voltage, form by high-speed CCD cameras view molten drop stream, adjust accumulation signal and obtain even molten drop stream, make even Metal Melting drip carry out the deflection deposition according to design;
4) start molten drop/powder and unite the deposition Controlling System, the control nozzle with powderject in " molten bath " that the molten drop banking process forms, the heat that relies on molten drop to pile up simultaneously to produce and the surface tension of molten metal liquid and metal drop dissolves each other or powder is directly embedded in the metal of molten state;
5) adopt the powder and the metal drop of the gasification of being heated to unite injection in the place that needs support, form foamed metal support structure, after shaping is finished, under oxygen-free environment, product is cooled off, foamed metal support structure is removed by the method for machinery, promptly obtains multiple material micro part.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, owing to adopted and sprayed environment TT﹠C system, jet jet control system, molten drop/powder and unite the deposition Controlling System and control the molten drop powder different with at least two kinds simultaneously, can be shaped has that material with complex distributes or the integrated manufacturing of the multiple material micro part of material composition.This method operation is simple, and no expensive device can break through the bottleneck of present stage metal multiple material micro part manufacturing cost, realizes low cost, the high efficiency preparation of multiple material micro part.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the manufacture method equipment therefor structural representation of multiple material micro part of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1. exciting source 2. crucibles 3. resistance wires 4. jets 5. charging electrodes 6. deflection electrodes 7. powder storage containers 8. powder shower nozzles 9. products 10. three-dimensional substrates 11. recirculated cooling waters 12. accumulator tanks 13. high-speed CCD pick up cameras 14. molten drops/powder is united deposition Controlling System 15. injection environment TT﹠C system 16. jet jet control systems 17. vacuum chambers.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: with reference to figure 1, being shaped has the many material movement carryings of the Al-Li-Si wear-resisting and diffusion of antifatigue crackle micro-element.Product is 1 * 1 * 1cm square, and the part is wear-resisting part, because silumin has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance nature material, material is elected the Al-18Si alloy as; Material carries out the transition to the Al-3.8Li alloy of other part gradually then, and the Al-3.8Li alloy is the high lithium alloy of low density, has not only greatly alleviated component weight, and has good antifatigue crackle diffusibility, can be used as the loop-carried parts; At first set up the digital model of product, generate the discrete file of fast deposition system,, generate three-dimensional substrate motion trace data file in conjunction with the molten drop depositing system according to model according to the distribution of the shape of product and material; Formulate powder feeding and the sedimentary data file of molten drop charging deflection according to type of material and distribution simultaneously.Aluminium ingot is put into crucible 2, silica flour and lithium powder are put into the powder storage container 7 of powder feeding device, the debugging powder feeding device makes the powder jet place be full of powder; Start and spray environment TT﹠C system 15, the gas deoxygenation is carried out in sealed vacuum chamber 17, is reduced to below the 10PPM until oxygen level; Sealed crucible 2 gives resistance wire 3 energisings, heating crucible 2 to 650 degree, and keep this temperature-resistant; Crucible is applied the air pressure of 40KPa, set up jet 4, then in the sinusoidal perturbation that produces 3KHz by exciting source 1,, adjust the frequency of sinusoidal signal, up to the even molten drop stream that produces by the form of high-speed CCD pick up camera 13 observation molten drops streams; Charging electrode 5 is added charging voltage, deflection electrode 6 is added deflecting voltage, jet jet control system 16 starts molten drop/powder and unites deposition Controlling System 14, according to design the sedimentary aluminium molten drop of desire is deflected on the three-dimensional substrate 10, and unnecessary aluminium molten drop enters accumulator tank 12; The control nozzle with powderject in " molten bath " that the molten drop banking process forms, the heat that relies on molten drop to pile up simultaneously to produce and the surface tension of molten metal liquid and metal drop dissolves each other or powder is directly embedded in the metal of molten state; Shower nozzle 8 through powder is ejected into the molten drop saltation point with the sedimentary silica flour of desire simultaneously, by the rate-controlling powder sending quantity of control powderject, realizes the combination of aluminium silicon, obtains the Al-18Si alloy; The associating deposition process is carried out according to three-dimensional substrate 10 motion trace data files, powder feeding and the sedimentary data file of molten drop charging deflection.Control silicone content graded in the amount control material of powder gradually, to change powdered material be the lithium powder to powder feeding device during to the Al-Li alloy part, repeats said process equally, obtains the Al-3.8Li alloy.Adopt the powder and the metal drop of the gasification of being heated to unite injection in the place that needs support, form foamed metal support structure, after shaping was finished, foamed metal support structure was removed by the method for machinery, promptly obtains the miniature product of many materials.In many material deposition process, utilize the recirculated cooling water 11 on the substrate and the air-flow of pulverized powder to carry out dual-cooled, can guarantee the alloying constituent segregation-free.Finish the deposition of part, under oxygen-free environment,, obtain having the Al-Li-Si multiple material micro part 9 that part is wear-resisting, part antifatigue crackle spreads the product cooling.
Embodiment 2: with reference to Fig. 1, and the particulate reinforced metal-based multiple material micro part of the Al-Cu/SiC of shaped material graded.Because the different Al-Cu alloy of SiC volume fraction has different mechanical properties, as rising along with the volume fraction of SiC, the elastic modulus E straight line of Al-Cu alloy rises, descend and elongation δ is dull, control SiC particulate volume fraction changes can make the multiple material micro part that material property changes on request.Product is 1 * 1 * 1cm square, at first sets up the digital model of product according to the distribution of the shape of product and material, generates the discrete file of fast deposition system according to model, in conjunction with the molten drop depositing system, generates three-dimensional substrate motion trace data file; Formulate powder feeding and the sedimentary data file of molten drop charging deflection according to type of material and distribution simultaneously.With copper content is that 5% aluminum-copper alloy is put into crucible 2, the SiC powder is put into the powder storage container 7 of powder feeding device; Start and spray environment TT﹠C system 15, the gas deoxygenation is carried out in sealed vacuum chamber 17, is reduced to below the 10PPM until oxygen level; Sealed crucible, heating crucible to 900 degree, and keep this temperature-resistant; Crucible is applied the air pressure of 50KPa, set up jet, then in the sinusoidal perturbation that produces 3KHz by exciting source 1,, adjust the frequency of sinusoidal signal, up to the even molten drop stream that produces by the form of high-speed CCD pick up camera 13 observation molten drops streams; Add charging voltage and deflecting voltage, according to design the sedimentary aluminum-copper alloy molten drop of desire is deflected on the three-dimensional substrate 10, shower nozzle 8 through powder is ejected into the molten drop saltation point with the sedimentary SiC powder of desire with certain initial velocity simultaneously, rate-controlling powder sending quantity by the control powderject, realize the injection of wild phase, obtain AL-Cu/SiC grain reinforced metal material; The associating deposition process is carried out according to three-dimensional substrate 10 motion trace data files, powder feeding and the sedimentary data file of molten drop charging deflection.Control gradually that the SiC concentration gradients changes in the amount control material of powder, obtain the particulate reinforced metal-based multiple material micro part of the different Al-Cu/SiC of SiC volume fraction, utilize the recirculated cooling water on the substrate and the air-flow of pulverized powder to carry out dual-cooled, can guarantee the timely cooling of alloy molten drop.Finish the deposition of part, under oxygen-free environment,, obtain the particulate reinforced metal-based multiple material micro part of Al-Cu/SiC that material gradient changes the product cooling.
Can store two or more metals or non-metal powder in the powder storage container 7 as required.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of manufacture method of multiple material micro part is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) metallic substance is packed into crucible sealing and fusion is stand-by, many materials powder is respectively charged in the container of powder feeding device, and the debugging powder feeding device makes the powder jet place be full of powder, and whole process of preparation is carried out in vacuum chamber;
2) sealed vacuum chamber starts injection environment TT﹠C system and carries out the intracavity gas deoxygenation, handles through 2～4 hours deoxygenations, and the oxygen level in the vacuum chamber is reduced to below the 10PPM;
3) start the jet jet control system, make the crucible spraying pressure maintain 40KPa, the assurance jet is stable, add charging voltage and deflecting voltage, form by high-speed CCD cameras view molten drop stream, adjust accumulation signal and obtain even molten drop stream, make even Metal Melting drip carry out the deflection deposition according to design;
4) start molten drop/powder and unite the deposition Controlling System, the control nozzle with powderject in " molten bath " that the molten drop banking process forms, the heat that relies on molten drop to pile up simultaneously to produce and the surface tension of molten metal liquid and metal drop dissolves each other or powder is directly embedded in the metal of molten state;
5) adopt the powder and the metal drop of the gasification of being heated to unite injection in the place that needs support, form foamed metal support structure, after shaping is finished, under oxygen-free environment, product is cooled off, foamed metal support structure is removed by the method for machinery, promptly obtains multiple material micro part.
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| CN200610104685A CN100580138C (en) | 2006-10-08 | 2006-10-08 | Method for producing multiple material micro part |
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| CN200610104685A CN100580138C (en) | 2006-10-08 | 2006-10-08 | Method for producing multiple material micro part |
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| CN100580138C true CN100580138C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10543549B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2020-01-28 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Additive manufacturing system for joining and surface overlay |
| CN104087891B (en) * | 2014-07-12 | 2016-06-22 | 卢玉锋 | A kind of injection and spraying process prepare method and the device of composite material |
| CN108754389A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-06 | 任三兵 | A kind of aeroponics and spray coating method prepare the method and device of metallic composite |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 多层喷射沉积技术的研究及进展. 袁武华，陈振华.材料导报，第14卷第1期. 2000 |
| 多层喷射沉积技术的研究及进展. 袁武华，陈振华.材料导报，第14卷第1期. 2000 * |
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