CN100552498C - 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure - Google Patents
1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN100552498C CN100552498C CNB2007101560725A CN200710156072A CN100552498C CN 100552498 C CN100552498 C CN 100552498C CN B2007101560725 A CNB2007101560725 A CN B2007101560725A CN 200710156072 A CN200710156072 A CN 200710156072A CN 100552498 C CN100552498 C CN 100552498C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure.This optical switch construction is to place single fiber collimating apparatus, first birefringece crystal, a λ/2 wave plate groups, electrooptic unit, the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups, second birefringece crystal, the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups, the 3rd birefringece crystal, beam splitter, roof prism and double-fiber collimator on same horizontal optical path successively, and photodetector is placed on the vertical optical path of beam splitter.Realize the quick switching of light by the voltage that applies on the control electrooptic unit, and have the feedback monitoring function to reduce crosstalking between photoswitch two output ports from an input port to two output ports.This structured light switch has that structural volume is little, switching speed is high, the advantage such as little of crosstalking, and can be applicable to optical communication field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photoswitch, be specifically related to a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure.
Background technology
Photoswitch is widely used in optical communication field, be used to realize light at one or more input ports to the switching between one or more output ports.The 1x2 photoswitch is used to realize that a light path between input port to two output port switches, and can be used for the aspects such as self-protection, network monitoring function, optical-fibre communications device detection of network.A plurality of 1x2 photoswitch combinations can also make up the more photoswitch of multiport such as 1x4,1x8.
Photoswitch is divided by the work medium, and free space switch and waveguide switch are arranged; As dividing by principle of work, can be divided into mechanical type and on-mechanical formula two big classes again, mechanical optical switch moves by optical fiber or optical element, make light path disconnected or open, non-mechanical optical switch then relies on electrooptical effect, magneto-optic effect, acoustooptic effect and thermo-optic effect that light path is changed, and finishes switching function.In general, the loss of the loss ratio waveguide device of free space photoswitch is lower, and the photoswitch of on-mechanical formula is faster than mechanical optical switch response speed.Common on-mechanical formula free space photoswitch has liquid crystal optical switch, magneto-optic shutter, electrooptical switching etc., and liquid crystal optical switch, magneto-optic shutter switching speed are generally in millisecond microsecond magnitude, and the response speed of electrooptical switching can reach nanosecond order.
Electrooptical switching utilizes the variation of the electrooptical effect control light polarization direction of electrooptical material to realize switching function.When on the electrooptical material not during making alive, light does not change by the electrooptic unit polarization state; When adding half-wave voltage on the electrooptical material, electrooptic unit is equivalent to a half-wave plate, and selected optical axis direction light by the electrooptic unit polarization direction 90 degree rotations will take place.Yet lithium niobate (LiNbO
3) electrooptical material such as crystal, transparent electro-optic ceramics, (difference when making, temperature dependency etc.) cause their to be offset with predetermined for the change of polarized light because their characteristic itself, thereby cause the increase of crosstalking of photoswitch, influence the performance of photoswitch.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch, monitor the change of electrooptic unit, thereby improve the performance of photoswitch, reduce crosstalking of photoswitch for polarization state with the feedback monitoring structure with feedback monitoring structure.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical matters employing is:
Place single fiber collimating apparatus, first birefringece crystal, a λ/2 wave plate groups, electrooptic unit, the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups, second birefringece crystal, the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups, the 3rd birefringece crystal, beam splitter, roof prism and double-fiber collimator on same horizontal optical path successively, photodetector is placed on the vertical optical path of beam splitter.
Described electrooptic unit is lithium columbate crystal or transparent electro-optic ceramics electrooptical material.
A described λ/2 wave plate groups are two λ/2 wave plates that optical axis direction is different up and down, wherein top a slice λ/2 wave plates are to make by turn clockwise λ/2 wave plates of 45 degree of its linearly polarized light polarization direction, below a slice λ/2 wave plates be to make λ/2 wave plates that are rotated counterclockwise 45 degree by its linearly polarized light polarization direction; Described the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups be a slice make linearly polarized light through its rear polarizer direction turn clockwise 45 the degree λ/2 wave plates; Described the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups are made up of identical λ/2 wave plates of two optical axis directions in the lower left corner and the upper right corner, the wave plate in the lower left corner and the wave plate in the upper right corner are to make linearly polarized light pass through λ/2 wave plates that 90 degree rotations take place the rear polarizer direction, and do not change by upper left and the polarization state bottom right.
Described beam splitter is and irrelevant input light 85%～98% transmission of input polarization state, 2%～15% beam splitter that is reflected.
Described roof prism is to have an angle of wedge, and two parallel beams are become two roof prisms with light outgoing of angle; The two-beam with angle and the double-fiber collimator of this outgoing are complementary, by being exported by two tail optical fibers of double-fiber collimator respectively behind the double-fiber collimator collimation.
Described photodetector is a quadrant photodetector.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The present invention is used for the change of FEEDBACK CONTROL electrooptic unit for polarization state by the small part light of spectroscope reflection, reduces crosstalking of photoswitch, has that the device architecture volume is little, switching speed is high, an advantage such as little of crosstalking, and can be applicable to optical communication field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure synoptic diagram with 1x2 high speed fibre switch of feedback monitoring structure.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure synoptic diagram with 1x2 high speed fibre switch of feedback monitoring structure.
Fig. 3 is the present invention's each end face polarization state and position view when on off state 1.
Fig. 4 is the present invention's each end face polarization state and position view when on off state 2.
Fig. 5 is that three groups of wave plate groups comprise each wave plate position and optical axis synoptic diagram.
Among the figure: 1, single fiber collimating apparatus, 2, first birefringece crystal, the 3, the one λ/2 wave plate groups, 4, electrooptic unit, 5, the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups, 6, second birefringece crystal, the 7, the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups, the 8, the 3rd birefringece crystal, 9, beam splitter, 10, roof prism, 11, double-fiber collimator, 12, photodetector.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure is to place single fiber collimating apparatus 1, first birefringece crystal 2, a λ/2 wave plate groups 3, electrooptic unit 4, the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups 5, second birefringece crystal 6, the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups 7, the 3rd birefringece crystal 8, beam splitter 9, roof prism 10 and double-fiber collimator 11 on same horizontal optical path successively, and photodetector 12 is placed on the vertical optical path of beam splitter 9.
Described electrooptic unit 4 is lithium niobate (LiNbO
3) electrooptical material such as crystal, transparent electro-optic ceramics.When not applying voltage on the electrooptic unit, light does not change by the polarization state of electrooptic unit, and light is exported from first output port; When applying half-wave voltage on electrooptic unit, light revolves by electrooptic unit rear polarizer direction and turn 90 degrees, and light is exported from second output port.
A described λ/2 wave plate groups 3 are two λ/2 wave plates that optical axis direction is different up and down, wherein top a slice λ/2 wave plates 31 make by its linearly polarized light polarization direction 45 degree that turn clockwise, following a slice λ/2 wave plates 32 make the linearly polarized light polarization direction by it be rotated counterclockwise 45 degree, described the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups 5 are a slice λ/2 wave plates, linearly polarized light through its rear polarizer direction turn clockwise 45 the degree, described the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups 7 are made up of identical λ/2 wave plates of two optical axis directions in the lower left corner and the upper right corner, 90 degree rotations take place by the wave plate 71 in the lower left corner and wave plate 72 polarization directions in the upper right corner in linearly polarized light, and do not change by upper left and the polarization state bottom right.
Described beam splitter 9 is and the irrelevant wide part transmission of input of input polarization state that the spectrophotometric unit that small part is reflected sees through the spectroscope of 4% reflection as 96%.
Described roof prism 10 is to have certain contract angle, two parallel beams can be become two roof prisms with light outgoing of certain angle.The two-beam with certain angle and the double-fiber collimator 11 of this outgoing are complementary, can be by being exported by two tail optical fibers of double-fiber collimator respectively behind double-fiber collimator 11 collimations.
Described photodetector 12 is a quadrant photodetector.The two-beam that the small part that beam splitter 9 is reflected is used for FEEDBACK CONTROL is beaten two photosensitive units of quadrant at quadrant detector respectively.Quadrant detector is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, and is used to monitor electric light control module institute making alive size.
Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4 for along optical propagation direction being the polarization state of each end face of seeing from left to right among Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 and the situation of position.Among the figure
The light of expression random polarization state.Figure 5 shows that along optical propagation direction to be that three groups of λ/3,5,7 of 2 wave plate groups of seeing from left to right among Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 comprise the position and the optical axis synoptic diagram of each wave plate, thin oblique line is represented the wave plate optical axis direction among Fig. 5.As Fig. 5 (a), wave plate group 3 is made up of two blocks of different λ/2 wave plates of optical axis direction up and down, wherein above the optical axis direction and horizontal direction angle 22.5 degree of a slice wave plate 31, below the optical axis direction and the vertical direction angle 22.5 of a slice wave plate 32 spend.As Fig. 5 (b), wave plate group 5 reality are a slice λ/2 wave plates, optical axis direction and vertical direction angle 22.5 degree.As Fig. 5 (c), wave plate group 7 is made up of lower-left and two λ in the upper right corner/2 wave plates 71,72, and the optical axis direction of 71,72 wave plates all is and horizontal direction angle 45 degree.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, light is the light of random polarization state when single fiber collimating apparatus 1 incides the front end face 101 of first birefringece crystal 2, enters first birefringece crystal 2 and is divided into the mutually perpendicular light in two bundle polarization directions, i.e. ordinary light and extraordinary ray.Select the optical axis direction of first birefringece crystal 2 to make the x wire polarized light be ordinary light for first birefringece crystal 2, directly by first birefringece crystal 2, the vertical curve polarized light is an extraordinary ray for first birefringece crystal 2, export after offseting downward certain distance during through first birefringece crystal 2, this moment first birefringece crystal 2 rear end face 102 on polarization state and position as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
Light through a λ/2 wave plate groups 3 after, top x wire polarized light changes clockwise 45 degree, following vertical curve polarized light changes 45 degree counterclockwise, the two-route wire polarized light becomes 45 degree linearly polarized lights of equidirectional up and down, shown in 103 zones among Fig. 3, Fig. 4.
Making alive not on the electrooptic unit 4 during on off state 1, light does not change through electrooptic unit 4 polarization states, and the polarization state of electrooptic unit 4 rear end faces and position are shown in 104 zones among Fig. 3.At on off state 1, the two-way polarized light all changes 45 after through the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups 5 clockwise up and down, becomes the linearly polarized light of vertical polarization, shown in 105 zones among Fig. 3.Through second birefringece crystal 6, select the optical axis of birefringece crystal 6 to make that the linearly polarized light of vertical polarization is the ordinary light of second birefringece crystal 6, offset straight does not take place connected, shown in 106 zones among Fig. 3 then.Light is by the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups 7 then, and the vertical polarized light of lower-left revolves to turn 90 degrees and becomes cross-polarization light, and upper left polarization state is constant, shown in 107 zones among Fig. 3.Again through the 3rd birefringece crystal 8, select the optical axis of birefringece crystal 8, make only its ordinary light of cross-polarization, directly pass through, vertically polarized light is its extraordinary ray, offset downward certain distance, synthetic again random polarization state light on the rear end face of birefringece crystal 8 is shown in 108 zones among Fig. 3.Light passes through beam splitter 9 most transmissions again, enters double-fiber collimator by output port 1 output through roof prism.
During on off state 2 to adding half-wave voltage on the electrooptic unit 4, each end face polarization state of this time this structured light switch of process and change in location are as shown in Figure 4, the input light of random polarization state, through first birefringece crystal 2, be divided into mutually perpendicular two-route wire polarized light up and down, through a λ/2 wave plate groups 3, become 45 degree linearly polarized lights of equidirectional.Through electrooptic unit 4,90 degree rotations take place in light polarization direction on off state 2, and polarization state and position are shown in 104 zones among Fig. 4.Become the linearly polarized light of horizontal polarization through the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups 5, shown in 105 zones among Fig. 4.Through second birefringece crystal 6, be the extraordinary ray of second birefringece crystal 6, be offset in the horizontal direction, as shown in phantom in Figure 2, polarization state and position are shown in 106 zones among Fig. 4 on the rear end face 106 of second birefringece crystal 6.Through the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups 7, become the right orthogonal linearly polarized light of two-way up and down, shown in 107 zones among Fig. 4.Through the synthetic again random polarization state light of the 3rd birefringece crystal 8, shown in 108 zones among Fig. 4.Light passes through beam splitter 9 most transmissions again, enters double-fiber collimator by output port 2 outputs through roof prism.
Because the half-wave voltage of electrooptic unit 4 is with characteristics such as temperature drifts, at on off state 2, electrooptic unit 4 is added certain predetermined voltage, light is through electrooptic unit 4,90 degree rotations just in time do not take place in polarization state, like this, light is again through after the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups 5, and not exclusively become the polarized light of horizontal polarization, but the polarized light of some vertical polarization, during through second birefringece crystal 6, the polarized light of this part vertical polarization will not deflect, through the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups 7, the 3rd birefringece crystal 8, beam splitter 9, roof prism 10, double-fiber collimator 11 will cause the increase of crosstalking like this by output port 1 output.Among the present invention, light is through beam splitter 9, and most transmissions are exported by output port, the fraction reflection.Photodetector 12 is quadrant photodetectors.The two-beam that the small part that beam splitter 9 is reflected is used for FEEDBACK CONTROL is beaten two photosensitive units of quadrant at quadrant detector respectively.Photodetector 12 is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, and institute's making alive size on the FEEDBACK CONTROL electrooptic unit 4 makes light more accurate through the variation of electrooptic unit 4 rear polarizer directions, to reduce crosstalking of photoswitch.
Claims (6)
1. one kind has the 1x2 high speed fibre switch that feeds back monitoring structure, it is characterized in that: on same horizontal optical path, place single fiber collimating apparatus (1) successively, first birefringece crystal (2), the one λ/2 wave plate groups (3), electrooptic unit (4), the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups (5), second birefringece crystal (6), the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups (7), the 3rd birefringece crystal (8), beam splitter (9), roof prism (10) and double-fiber collimator (11), photodetector (12) is placed on the vertical optical path of beam splitter (9), photodetector (12) is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, institute's making alive size reduces crosstalking of photoswitch on the FEEDBACK CONTROL electrooptic unit (4).
2. a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electrooptic unit (4) is lithium columbate crystal or transparent electro-optic ceramics electrooptical material.
3. a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch according to claim 1 with feedback monitoring structure, it is characterized in that: a described λ/2 wave plate groups (3) are two λ/2 wave plates that optical axis direction is different up and down, wherein top a slice λ/2 wave plates (31) are to make by turn clockwise λ/2 wave plates of 45 degree of its linearly polarized light polarization direction, below a slice λ/2 wave plates (32) be to make λ/2 wave plates that are rotated counterclockwise 45 degree by its linearly polarized light polarization direction; Described the 2nd λ/2 wave plate groups (5) for a slice make linearly polarized light through its rear polarizer direction turn clockwise 45 the degree λ/2 wave plates; Described the 3rd λ/2 wave plate groups (7) are made up of identical λ/2 wave plates of two optical axis directions in the lower left corner and the upper right corner, the wave plate (72) in the wave plate in the lower left corner (71) and the upper right corner is to make linearly polarized light pass through λ/2 wave plates that 90 degree rotations take place the rear polarizer direction, and do not change by upper left and the polarization state bottom right.
4. a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described beam splitter (9) is and irrelevant input light 85%～98% transmission of input polarization state, 2%～15% beam splitter that is reflected.
5. a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch according to claim 1 with feedback monitoring structure, it is characterized in that: described roof prism (10) is to have an angle of wedge, and two parallel beams are become two roof prisms with light outgoing of angle; The two-beam with angle of this outgoing and double-fiber collimator (11) are complementary, by being exported by two tail optical fibers of double-fiber collimator respectively behind double-fiber collimator (11) collimation.
6. a kind of 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described photodetector (12) is a quadrant photodetector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007101560725A CN100552498C (en) | 2007-10-11 | 2007-10-11 | 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure |
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| CNB2007101560725A CN100552498C (en) | 2007-10-11 | 2007-10-11 | 1x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure |
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| CN100552498C true CN100552498C (en) | 2009-10-21 |
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| CN101762883B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Polarization-independent micro optical fiber variable delay line |
| CN107515100B (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2019-08-20 | 昆山金鸣光电科技有限公司 | A kind of pulsed light fiber switch condition detecting system |
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Granted publication date: 20091021 Termination date: 20111011 |