CN100526870C - Diagnosis for expected life of emergency power apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention measures the exact value of impedance voltage (Vis) from AC actual waveform (V<SUB>SM</SUB>) which includes ripple noise voltage, and suggests the inventive circuits and softwares capable of acquiring the effective resistance of battery internal impedance and the operational algorithm of the diagnosis for the expected life of battery string. In accordance with a series of functional operations and the execution of the program in MPU, this diagnostic system can find the cause of aging progress in advance and settle by unmanned monitoring the healthiness of emergency power system always in real time at remote site.

Description

The life expectancy analysis of Emergency Power equipment

Technical field

Because accumulator normally uses as Emergency Power, therefore safeguard effectively that these batteries seem very important in the power-supply system of communication network.When system moves,, also can influence the reliability of Emergency Power system even in polyphone battery pack circuit, have a battery cell to break down.This just makes troubles to the stable operation of the important like this equipment of communication system.

Usually, the equivalent electrical circuit of alternating accumulator is a polyphone network that possesses resistance R, inductance L and capacitor C.In the paper of IEEE 1188-1996, the resistance R factor that has the greatest impact is only measured in suggestion when analyzing the ageing state of enclosed type accumulators.

Usually, the ageing state of weighing certain material (such as accumulator) is how to be directly proportional with the increase of its internal impedance, must produce by the two poles of the earth at accumulator shown in Figure 1 and exchange steady current IS, health status to battery is analyzed, and (impedance voltage: the VIS) numerical value of this type of internal impedance when calculating internal impedance and causing voltage to descend.

As everyone knows, when measuring the alternating current at closed type polyphone battery the two poles of the earth, the wavy of alternating voltage between the battery terminal is such: frequency is high more, voltage-phase under the inductance L effect is more leading than current phase, frequency is low more, and current phase has the tendency that lags behind voltage-phase under the effect of capacitor C.

When the steady current of sinusoidal wave (interchange steady current) is produced in one 60-1, during the frequency span of 000HZ, corresponding with the resonant frequency point of 2/Zc ', phase place almost reaches the degree that can power for accumulator, so the roughly numerical value of virtual impedance just can calculate, method is to measure the alternating voltage that is produced by internal impedance, at this moment will get rid of the factor of inductance and electric capacity.When the frequency of measuring during in the 1KHZ left and right sides, with the impedance phase ratio under the effect of electric capacity factor, interface resistance diminishes, even can ignore, battery circuit and bath resistance or double-deck serial capacitor equivalence.Weigh the health status of accumulator, can carry out with the phase differential that exchanges between the steady current IS by the dc voltage VIS that internal impedance produced that compares accumulator, can be undertaken by steady current as shown in Figure 1, can also carry out with the steady current that exchanges of above-mentioned sine wave by the effective value of measuring the sine voltage that battery the two poles of the earth are produced for the alternating current sine wave about accumulator supply 1KHZ.

Feasible accumulator is control effectively of this invention becomes possibility, need not to battery charge the time exactly by such as the such device of microprocessor accumulator and operational system being separated.Microprocessor has multiple operating function, and it can be measured in real time such as important parameters such as voltage between battery impedance, the terminal and temperature, also sends warning information where necessary with the fine or not situation of finding accumulator.

In addition, by observing Emergency Power system (UPS, battery charger) interruption or the operation conditions output waveform of monitoring power quality under any circumstance, can store with the form of daily paper or monthly magazine data and the health status history of managing relevant accumulator.This historical record can be used for managing the Emergency Power system, makes full use of wireless telecommunication system or telecommunication network system.

Background technology

Up to now, the analytic system of having carried out for the aging performance of accumulator is a kind of system that the residual capacity of sample battery is measured: be in operating accumulator with fully loaded capacity or necessary discharge, observe voltage between the battery terminal according to the variation of time.

This method widespread in the middle of industry.Compare with said method, can analyze the residual capacity (life-span) of the accumulator in the operational system more accurately; But it also is not suitable for finding all bad battery cells.Because the practical methods of the sort of discharge has just been grasped the minimum capacity of battery cell in the electric battery when analyzing the total surplus capacity of battery pack, so it also and be not suitable for finding all the sort of aging very serious battery cells.And the aging performance of analyzing battery pack under the state of charging need drop into great amount of manpower and cost.

In order to check the health condition of accumulator,,, and check each battery by " laboratory browser " (data analysis software) and " data are obtained card " with problems such as the terminal voltage of smooth detection accumulator and temperature with the survey instrument commercialization.These softwares drop into commercial operation in the near future, and they are only measured the electrolyte temperature of each accumulator and are in voltage among floating charge floating charging and the charging current.Compare by voltage, can use said method to grasp the development degree of aging performance the battery cell in the series connection on the same group of the terminal voltage of the battery cell in the floating charge floating charging and accumulator.But because the influence of the battery in the rich and serial or parallel connection of floating voltage itself, the variation of terminal voltage is also little.And because the terminal voltage in residual capacity (being aging performance) and the floating charge floating charging does not have absolute getting in touch each other, adopting said method is suspectable as the reliability of the analysis tool of weighing the life of storage battery or health status.

Two tame dominant companies are arranged, and promptly Ri Ben YUASA and Canadian POLYTRONICS have carried out commercialization to measuring the anti-instrument of accumulator internal resistance.Because these instruments can produce and the corresponding to direct current signal of internal impedance on the basis of the sync waveform detection method that utilization integrated semiconductor chip is brought.When in the manual measurement floating charge floating charging during each battery pack, can not measure internal impedance exactly, because alternating voltage waveform has been subjected to the influence of charging ripple current (ripple current).

In addition, to through measuring and the data of storage are analyzed with the database as the systematic maintenance management, be to shift to each end of the battery in the floating charge floating charging and carry out by measuring guides to the manual measurement of internal impedance.So, there is the danger of electric shock during the numerical value of analysis to measure, also there is the adverse condition that repeats manpower.And, can not measure aging performances such as temperature, electrolyte weight and charging current simultaneously and analyze required data.The impedance measurement numerical value of obtaining several samples is not so difficult, and the measurement numerical value of relevant durability analysis then has great difficulty but will obtain accurately from many batteries simultaneously.

Develop at the durability analysis of accumulator in " online battery impedance measurement " technology (patent No. US Patent 5,281,920) of announcement invention on January 25th, 1994 by John W.Wurst, but its implementation method is different fully.This patent is made of a voltage measurement module, and module is connected in one group of transmitting device by system load controller, current measurement system and MPU control.Impedance value is that the deceleration numerical value of the terminal voltage that discharges in 0.5milli-sec and 20milli-sec by accumulator calculates.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has been analyzed the health status and the residual capacity of accumulator, and the weight of the circuit by operation hundreds of time parallel connection and serial connection battery under real-time status and voltage, charge and discharge electric current, internal temperature, internal impedance and electrolytic solution by measuring accumulator is analyzed the residual life of accumulator with the various correlative factors in the discovery accumulator situation.

In order to ensure unbroken power supply supply (being UPS) or keep wired and power-supply system wireless communication networks, the present invention always firmly controls monitoring function to the operation conditions of this Emergency Power of UPS system by the monitoring chargeable storage.

Fig. 2 has shown that the workflow notion based on microprocessor is the functional structure of the health status of how identified emergency power-supply system and system.In order to explain this structure and mode of operation, measurement terminal voltage V, electric current I and temperature T are according to the predetermined sequence that draws from voltage, current sensor and thermistor (temperature) sensor as shown in Figure 2 particular data to be analyzed in the accumulator to be realized such as input MPU such as terminal voltage, electric current and temperature.ON by MPU the OFF switch begin supply and exchange steady current IS to produce after the constant current source, the internal impedance of accumulator just can be calculated by the programmed algorithm of MPU, and algorithm is based on the battery terminal steady current that internal impedance produced of accumulator and AC resistance reactance voltage.Carry out the measurement of a plurality of batteries, need to prepare many group relaies circuit bank to produce the battery that signal chooses certain to be measured by MPU.Every reference data of accumulator all is to transmit the internal memory that is connected to MPU by consistance of certain selected group in the relay assembly.The required steady current of the measurement of internal impedance is that the transmission by the relay circuit group is supplied to accumulator.

MPU makes instruction to these controls, and the information data that is produced by these controls is stored in the internal memory of measurement and analytic system.According to these information, the program of aging performance analytical algorithm that can be by activating MPU is analyzed the aging performance of accumulator.

Keyboard and LCD LCD are user's use interfaces.If abnormal situation in the output waveform of Emergency Power supply or accumulator, occurs, can on the lcd screen of measurement and analytic system, produce the quality that necessary warning information is controlled Emergency Power system and accumulator effectively.The data that obtained store as historical summary, and they can be sent on certain external host such as serial communication by communications service.If main frame is positioned at far place or very difficult approaching from the control area,, can carry out data transmission by telecommunications network or cordless communication network such as being positioned at wired or wireless communication Network Transmission station.Local computing machine or distance host obtain and analyze the data of being transmitted.So, be can on the basis of understanding the accumulator situation, formulate chart as database.Under real-time status, data are managed the reliability that can improve power-supply system.And from the angle of management, its cost is more efficient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a conceptual block diagram of analyzing the relevant internal impedance measurement of accumulator aging performance.

Fig. 2 is based on the operation block scheme of the microprocessor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the organizer's block diagram about each module of the aging performance analytic system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the functional-block diagram of this invention.

Fig. 5 is about the Data Acquisition Program of this invention and the conceptual block diagram of the time of measurement.

Fig. 6 is the operation demonstration of relay circuit group in parallel.

Fig. 7 is about the function connection side's block diagram between the MCU of the present invention and the one group of transmission circuit.

Fig. 8 is the block scheme about the constant-current circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the detailed exemplary view about the B level amplifying circuit operation of the present invention.

Figure 10 organizes detailed exemplary view about another of the B level amplifying circuit of the present invention operation.

Figure 11 is the organizer's block diagram about the autompulse counting circuit of the present invention.

Figure 12 is the timetable of timing interrupt routine.

Figure 13 is the main program process flow diagram about the operation demonstration of the present invention.

Figure 14 is zero crossing circuitry connection side's block diagram of constant current IS and impedance voltage VIS.

Figure 15 is about the aging performance measurement of the present invention and the wired and radio communication conceptual block diagram of analytic system.

Figure 16 is about the aging performance measurement of the present invention and the operation demonstration of the wired and radio communication of analytic system.

Figure 17 is the intercommunication block scheme between analytic system and each unit of analysis.

The present invention has the aging status analysis function (being the quality monitoring) of Emergency Power system, can point out and how to pass through General communication network manages the Emergency Power system in long-range zone. The detailed explanation of relevant this aspect is logical Cross that an operation demonstration carries out.

Fig. 3 has shown the base unit (usually by 12 joints, 24 joints and 56 batteries monomer compositions) of identification battery The block diagram of analytical system structure. MPU1 controls and the central processing unit of managing its energy to whole system Under the effect of storage original paper, store the historical data of each battery cell in the battery. Each battery of battery Monomer all is connected in the relay circuit group, and the circuit network of the contact of relaying by 4 ends is connected to each correspondence The terminal of battery cell on. The selected signal function of MPU1 is on the input terminal of relay circuit group, to activate Be connected the transmission coil on the battery to be determined. Then, No. 1 relay that is selected in the N relay assembly Group is started working. In the supply of beginning constant current source 5 (after several milli-seconds), send out The same step pulse signal CLK of tens KHZ that go out acts in the circuit of constant current, and constant current flows into battery.

The data information such as the voltage V of battery, temperature T, impedance Z and weight G by MPU1 from automatic step-by-step counting Circuit 7 exchanges with direct current and is converted to the readable certificate in the converter 6, to act on the input terminal of MPU1. The MPU profit The data of storing with the aging situation identification program that is installed in himself are come the history to the aging situation of battery cell Data are carried out computer coordinates, and the result of arrangement is stored among the shown storage original paper 2 of LCD, and passes through RS232, RS422, RS485 outwards send out with methods 8 of communicating by letter such as CDMA. When need not to use relay circuit During group, such as in the situation of only analyzing several battery cells, can be directly with the output connecting terminals of 4 terminal circuit networks Receive on the terminal of battery battery monomer.

Fig. 4 has shown the hardware structure of the analytical system that functional block connects. Structure is by master control product MCU11, auxiliary Help power supply 10, exchange constant current circuit 5, relay circuit group 4, alternating current sensor circuit 15 and direct current Sensor circuit 14 compositions such as grade. Master control product 11 is made up of following: MPU, the storage original paper 2, from transmitting electricity In the road correct selected and amplify the automatic step-by-step counting circuit 7 of the characteristic data of battery, to the Emergency Power system The direct current of the preamplifier 16 that quality information data are amplified, transduction data signal exchange converter 6 and The communication devices such as RS232, RS422, RS485 and CDMA.

Hardware moves necessary control power supply by accessory power supply 10 supplies.

Constant current circuit 5 is being born the constant current of carrying fixed amplitude to produce the effect of battery impedance voltage. Relay circuit group 4 is come selected from many Battery packs by the selected control signal of main control device 11 generations of MPU1 Certain battery cell, MPU are then supplied the waveform clock signal clk of rectangle to start constant current circuit 5. Constant Current circuit receives clock signal and sends out and produces sinusoidal wave interchange constant current, and constant current IS is logical The transmission of crossing the relay circuit group is supplied to battery cell chosen in the battery. In the operation demonstration of the present invention, Sinusoidal wave maker is made up of a number word count device. Same pace pulse CLK signal generation as tens KHz Do the time spent, pulse is converted to produce the frequency of constant current source 5 and activates constant current source. Work as constant current source When being formed by R-C or crystal vibrator, current source the ON of MPU OFF start and begin operation under the signal. When When finishing the mensuration of characteristic data of selected battery cell, the clock signal that MPU can stop supplies 16KHz With operation and the corresponding transmission of immediately cut-out of ending constant current source. When MPU controls permanent according to above-mentioned running process When the startup of constant current source and the transmission of ON/OFF, can't damage the contact, the life-span of contact still can prolong, Because having electric current when being read or discharge, they do not flow through therebetween.

As implied above, for guaranteeing that UPS is to computing machine, to wired or wireless communication network (rectifier) power supply and reliability to the monitoring function of the battery pack in the native system, the service condition of Emergency Power system must be monitored, communications facility or the unbroken AC power supplies of computer supplies could be such as UPS.

Master controller 11 is collected the characteristic data of each battery cell by the relay circuit group, analyze the situation of accumulator, the alternating current output voltage and the electric current of monitoring Emergency Power system 18, monitor charge or discharge voltage DCV and charge or discharge electric current DCA in disclosed ac sensor circuit 15 and the direct current transducer circuit 14, write down them at any time.

In more detail, when the quality of monitoring power-supply system, master controller is weighed and is analyzed 3 phase voltages (alternating voltage) and 3 phase currents (alternating current), and be stored in the root-mean-square value of every phase place under the steady state (SS) and the root-mean-square value and the real-time waveform of every phase place under power down mode, do not comprise the time of checking the accumulator attribute.The data of storage are transferred into principal computer within a certain period of time, and the delivery time can try to achieve by the real-time clock timer RTC of interior dress, time that also can the recording power fault.When the value data of obtaining being gone beyond the limit, must finish the function that data is sent to principal computer by communication interface owing to instantaneous voltage decline or power fail.

Because the internal impedance voltage of battery cell is very low, is lower than 1MV, it has been subjected to the influence of the measured value of above-mentioned signal voltage, and this is to be fallen by the transmission-line voltage of the ripple current in metering circuit and the charging to cause.Therefore, for the influence of the contact resistance (line resistance of connector lug and connector contact resistance) that reduces terminal, need to use 4 end measuring methods.Terminal by constant current circuit is the battery cell supply alternating current IS of accumulator, and the anti-voltage drop of accumulator internal resistance is then by in the high impedance circuit that is connected to prime amplifier 16 shown in Figure 4.If almost there is not the electric current process in the contact resistance of the line resistance of connector lug and terminal, just voltage drop can not appear.Use this measuring method, can make contact resistance influenced hardly, because the voltage drop that line resistance and contact resistance caused has been minimized.And, in order to compensate for prime amplifier 16 and the mistake measurement numerical value of autompulse counter 7 and the measurement mistake of line resistance and contact resistance, when input signal is shown as zero, can be calibrated to zero position to the output numerical value of analog digital A/D by the mode that before measuring impedance, the output lead terminal is contacted with each other, can also optionally this measured value be used as the calibration value when weighing actual value.

The terminal voltage waveform of measuring at each battery cell by relay circuit group 4 (AC virtual voltage VSM) is a weak signal of having only several MV, compares also seem little (one than several thousand) with the terminal voltage of battery cell, has also comprised electromagnetic noise.Can only the alternating voltage VIS that reads or pick up through the prime amplifier 16 of excellent performance be amplified.When ripple current flowed in the accumulator of floating charge floating charging, the terminal voltage waveform of accumulator had the resonance of sufficient ripple voltage.In the frequency of above-mentioned ripple voltage, how much content of resonance changes with commutating pulse.It has the odd-multiple ripple frequency of the mains frequency of a kind of 60HZ.Such as, if 3 commutating phase modes, when the frequency of the steady current IS that acts on alternating current was 1KHZ, approximately 900HZ (the 15th subharmonic), 1020HZ (the 17th subharmonic) can mainly influence measured value with 1140HZ (the 19th subharmonic).That is to say that under the situation that AC resistance reactance voltage VIS and multiple harmonic wave ripple voltage mix, the voltage waveform signal of being measured, flow into the MPU input terminal has the form of swinging in sustained period.

The ripple voltage that has multiple harmonic has different sustained period TRP.This ripple voltage contains ripple repeatedly), but most of ripple can be removed by the bandpass filter of prime amplifier 16.The noise of the ripple voltage similar to measuring required impedance voltage also can not be filtered, and can only pass through with the signal of impedance voltage VIS, seriously influences thereby impedance measurements caused.

Shown in the operation demonstration, the present invention can measure the numerical value by the impedance voltage of alternating-current power supply IS guiding exactly.Alternating-current power supply is to be supplied by the constant current source that the alternating current virtual voltage VSM that comprises the noise ripple voltage produces.Based on this point, it is carried out tissue, operation algorithm and the program of hardware and has made detailed routine plan, to obtain effective numerical value (resistance) of internal driving.So, utilize the present invention, the approach analysis of internal driving that can be by accurate mensuration accumulator and DC electrolytic condenser is in the aging performance of the accumulator under the floating charge floating charging running status.Even under the situation of the medical diagnosis that carries out the oedema position, noise appears in the input signal, also still can from measuring-signal, filter out noise signal.

When the series of programs of the functional operation of per pass of MPU1 is carried out, monitoring in real time of this analysis system total energy and the health status of control Emergency Power system such as accumulator, before accident takes place, find out the development degree and the cause of aging performance, thereby correctly handle it.Because computer software and user function table can dispose, occurring still being the power supply of cutting device under the situation of power fail, thereby guaranteeing the work reliability of operation of high-tech sector by stable pre-stand-by power source.Safeguard by appropriate economy, can reasonably manage the Emergency Power system.

Embodiment

As implied above, the high frequency ripple voltage VRP of charging current is with among the impedance voltage VIS that exchanges steady current IS is blended in alternating current actual voltage signal VSM, and signal is to obtain on the terminal that is in the battery cell under the floating charge floating charging state.The Korean Patent Application No. of 10-2003-0028521 is compiled and edited at the method for the effective voltage value of measuring the weak signal that noise ripple (ripple) comprised.This technology is pointed out like this: can accurately obtain and press signal from the utmost point light current that internal impedance produced of alternating current virtual voltage VSM (impedance voltage, VIS), above-mentioned ripple voltage VRP is mixed in virtual voltage.

Allow the basic frequency of civil power become the cosine shape under the floating charge floating charging state of accumulator, the frequency that is supplied to battery cell and is used to measure the steady current IS of internal impedance is decided to be S frequency wave doubly.When steady current IS produced impedance voltage, frequency also became SH sequence frequency doubly.Noise is got rid of circuit and is devised such as above-mentioned bandpass filter, is to realize function that the signal that only adapts with the STH secondary frequencies is let pass.Can only allow the signal close with the STH secondary frequencies that is set as band connection frequency pass through as this desirable noise filtering circuit of above-mentioned bandpass filter, but in reality, this noise filtering circuit also is to be difficult to carry out, carry out also to increase cost.

In other words, filtration is not perfect, because general bandpass filter can only weaken 30% of the frequency wave adjacent with low band cutoff frequency FL or high band cutoff frequency FH.Such as, bandpass filter is used to make resonant frequency FH to equal STH resonance, low band cutoff frequency (S-2) TH sequence resonance, high band cutoff frequency (S+2) TH sequence resonance no better than no better than, and the signal that surpasses these frequencies then is filtered and weakens.As operation demonstration, be in resonance ripple voltage VRP in the floating charge floating charging and mostly have only the ripple frequency element consistent with 50 or the odd-multiple or the even-multiple of the basic frequency of the civil power of 60HZ.

In above-mentioned high-frequency ripple voltage VRP, come out after by steady current IS impedance voltage VIS that produces and the resonance that has the frequency of even number or odd number similar sequence by the noise filtering circuit, other resonance is then weakened or is removed.

Therefore, (VRP FLT) can be expressed as V (t) RF to the resonance ripple voltage, FLT=KS-2 # f ((S-2) #wst)+Ks # f (S # wst)+Ks+2 # f ((S+2) # wst).Wherein, f (S # wst)=cos (S # wst) and K are the resonance of XTH sequence ripple voltage, and S is a synthetic numeral, because each resonance is all than the 2nd sequence height.

Working as S=1, (S-2) is the negative integer of specified conditions, and K then only is made up of the basic resonance with the 3rd.At first, as the operation demonstration, if having the resonance of the impedance that the steady current (IS) of STH secondary frequencies produces is K, then V (t) IS=K#f (S#wst) Eq. (2) in addition, (VRP, the alternating current virtual voltage (VSM) that FLT) mixes can be expressed as the comprehensive of Eq. (1) and Eq. (2) with the resonance ripple voltage after by above-mentioned noise filtering circuit and impedance voltage.

The definition of root mean square (RMS) numerical value (S) of VSM (t)=Ks-2 # f ((S-2) # wst)+Ks # f (S # wst)+Ks+2 # f ((S+2) # wst)+(3) functions of K #f (S # wst) Eq. is equivalent to Eq. (4), function has selectivity multiple (Ts=1 x Tsyn, 1: integer) of one-period (TSYN).Above-mentioned alternating current virtual voltage (VSM, RMS) root-mean-square value can obtain from Eq. (3) and Eq. (4), Eq. (3) and Eq. (4) are as the EMS value: therefore, as 2 # cosA # cosB=cos (A+B)+COS (A-B) Eq. (6) cos (C)=as above f (S # wst)=cos (S # wst) of cos (C) Eq. (7).When using known trigonometric function in Eq. (6) and Eq. (7), the multiplication number of being made up of the different number multiplication on EQ5 the right can be replaced like this: in above-mentioned Eq. (8), Eq. in the equation of (9) and Eq. (10), f (2 # (S-1) # wst), f (2 # wst), f (2 # (S+1) #wst), f (2 # S # wst) is an even number resonance, such as 2 (S-1) doubly, 2 times, 2 (S+1) doubly, 2S doubly with 4 times of basic frequencies (COS) to civil power.

As in the trigonometric function of Eq (11), when resonance was the integral multiple of basic frequency, the integration numerical value in the one-period of basic frequency was zero, and M is an integer.

Eq. (8), Eq. (9) and Eq. (10) express as the integral multiple of 2cos, and integrating numerical value (usually, the frequency of civil power is 60 or 50HZ, and is consistent with about 376.99rad/sec, cycle 8.33ms/10.0ms) accordingly with 2cos in the cycle is zero.In other words, Eq. (12) becomes sufficiency, makes that all equatioies of (8) (9) (10) are zero.So (VSM RMS) is exactly following expression to TSM to the root-mean-square value of alternating current virtual voltage VSM among the Eq. (5).On the other hand, after the noise filtering circuit, express resonance ripple voltage (VRP, root-mean-square value FLT) as Eq. (1) and Eq. (4).When with Eq. (7), using known trigonometric function theorem as Eq. (6), Eq. the multiplication number on (14) left side is in equation (15), (16) with in (17) become f (2# (S-1) # wst), f (2 # wst), f (2 # (S+1) # wst), f (2 # S # wst), f (4 # wst), resonance be civil power basic frequency 2 (S-1) doubly, 2 times, 2 (S+1) doubly, 2S doubly with 4 times.Previously just showed that according to same principle, equation (15) (16) (17) was expressed as the integral multiple of 2cos, the integration numerical value in cycle is consistent with 2mus, and sufficiency at this moment is Eq. (18).

So, resonance ripple voltage (VRP, FLT) root-mean-square value (VRP, RMS) after by the noise filtering circuit, be same cycle numerical value by the TRF among TSM among following expression: the Eq. (13) and the Eq. (19), can express like this,＜BR〉1#＜BR〉＜BR〉TD=TSM=TRF=2fs Ws＜BR〉Eq. (20) is simultaneously, the root-mean-square value that has the impedance voltage (VIS) that the steady current (IS) of STH secondary frequencies produces from Eq. (2) and Eq. (4) is to express like this, TIS can be defined as the selectivity integral multiple in the cycle shown in Eq. (4), be set to the same numerical value of Eq. (20), can be expressed as Eq. (22),＜BR〉＜BR〉＜BR〉＜P〉1#＜BR〉＜BR〉TD-TSM=TRF=TIS=2fs=Ws＜BR〉＜BR〉Eq. (22).So, can by following from Eq. (13) and Eq. (19) fall into a trap count in the root-mean-square value of stating impedance voltage (VIS) (VIS, RMS).In other words, the resonance ripple voltage (VRP, (VRP RMS) is integrated on the integration interruption TD of half basic frequency (COS) after by disclosed noise filtering circuit root-mean-square value FLT), (VSM RMS) is integrated into same integration and is interrupted on the TD root-mean-square value of interchange virtual voltage VSM.Above-mentioned two root-mean-square values are carried out square and calculate the gap of above-mentioned square value, equal root-mean-square value (VIS, equifinality REMS) of impedance voltage VIS as can be known with the result of the corresponding equation of gap square root.

In detail, have the integration of half basic frequency to be interrupted TD, by calculate exchange virtual voltage VSM and resonance ripple voltage (VRP, root-mean-square value FLT) can make equation (8), (9), (10) and (15), (16), the multiplication value of (17) all becomes zero.By calculating VSM, RMS and VRP, the square value gap of RMS can find that the result is VIS, the square value of RMS, and other value all is removed, (VIS RMS) has also just drawn the accurate root-mean-square value of impedance voltage VIS easily.

In the above, as operation demonstration, by the selected frequency that is supplied to the steady current IS of battery cell the S of mains frequency (be doubly), resonance ripple voltage (VRP, particular sequence frequency coordination unanimity FLT) that we can make it and battery charge facilitate.Explained later obtain the method for the root-mean-square value of impedance voltage VIS easily, the frequency component of resonance ripple voltage VRPFLT or the even-multiple of mains frequency (COS) just, the perhaps odd-multiple of mains frequency just.

Be another operation demonstration below, (VRP, resonance FLT) is inconsistent for the frequency of interchange steady current and ripple voltage.The frequency of steady current be chosen as civil power basic angular frequency S doubly, and the resonance ripple voltage (VRP FLT) had both comprised the odd-multiple of mains frequency, also comprised even-multiple, but have only STH secondary frequencies (S x os) be not present in the resonance ripple voltage (VRP, FLT) in.Mention above, by same notion, the resonance ripple voltage can followingly be expressed after by the noise filtering circuit.

V(t)RF，FIT＝Ks-23f((S-2)#?wst)+Ks-1?#?f((S-1)#?wst)+Ks+1?#?f((S+1)#wst)+Ks+2?#?f((S+2)#?wst)Eq.(24)。Therefore, the resonance element of alternating current virtual voltage (VSM) is the element f ((S-2) #wst) that is produced by resonance potential, f ((S-1) # wst), f ((S+1) # wst), the element f wst of f ((S+2) # wst) and the steady current that is supplied to battery cell forms.(VSM in the process of root-mean-square value RMS), has obtained the Eq. (8) that the phase cross multiplication produces, Eq. (9) and these integration values of Eq. (10) calculating the interchange virtual voltage.

In these values, are there r 5V t am 0 TSM, 01 n75w and one? element, Eq. (6) is applied to these mutual multiplication values with the trigonometric function shown in the Eq. (7), just can obtain l Tas T.^.v, T{f ((2 ' S-3) wS t) dt+f f (ws t) dt}and T T KS_7KS------y ((2-6 '-1) .ws0-'-s0 ...When the integration interruption is chosen as the cycle of basic frequency (WUS), the vanishing of integration value.In other words, as implied above, as resonance ripple voltage (VRP, when FLT) comprising each sequence resonance element, when perhaps only having odd number or only having the even number sequence frequency, and the frequency that is chosen as the steady current frequency of integer sequence frequency and above-mentioned resonance ripple element is when inequality, and the integration of calculating root-mean-square value is interrupted just should doublely be increased.This is relatively and consider that the resonance ripple voltage only comprises odd number or even number sequence frequency such a case, and (VRP REMS) has comprised the resonance of all odd number sequences and even number sequence because the alternating current virtual voltage.The also double increase of data volume that this calculating is required also needs more working time.Certainly, when above-mentioned ripple voltage comprises the resonance of all odd numbers or even number sequence, also can obtain same result under the situation of integer sequence resonance of any ripple voltage even equal in the frequency of selected steady current.

Carry out demonstration as for another, be supplied to the frequency of the steady current of battery cell may be selected adjacent resonance frequency mean value (such as: the mean value of the 13rd sequence and the 14th sequence is the 13.5th sequence).The integration of root-mean-square value is interrupted should increase by 4 times, and this computerized data volume also increases by 4 times.

Can see from working procedure that all frequency element all are in the alternating current real-time waveform (VISM).

The frequency of all the resonance elements by virtual voltage VSM, the operation result that mutual plus-minus drew of operating frequency can calculate the first highest common factor GCM.(operation result that the mutual plus-minus of operating frequency draws can calculate second highest common factor for VRP, the sequence of all resonance elements FLT) by the resonance ripple voltage.Can draw the 3rd common divisor from above-mentioned first and second common divisor, when the integration several times by the 3rd common divisor have determined integrate to be interrupted TD, can obtain impedance voltage VIS root-mean-square value accurately (VIS, RMS).In order to reduce the computing time of the root-mean-square value of impedance voltage the biglyyest, determine that the 3rd common divisor is good as integrating interruption TD.Integrate to be interrupted TD in order reduce the biglyyest, must to reduce the highest common factor of result of calculation the biglyyest, this calculating is that the frequency by all resonance elements of alternating current virtual voltage VSM draws.Therefore, be supplied to the frequency of the steady current IS of battery cell to be chosen as and particular resonance ripple voltage (VRP, the frequency that sequence frequency FLT) is identical.

(VRP when sequence FLT) just is made up of an odd number or even number, can be interrupted half that TD elects the commercial frequency cycle as to integration when the root-mean-square value of computing impedance voltage when the resonance ripple voltage.So, the frequency of the steady current IS of the battery cell that the resonance frequency by selected and specific ripple voltage equates, thus minimizing is good working time.

The software program that can be used for the notion of the abstract program of above-mentioned relevant root-mean-square value digital operational system is such as microprocessor.(VRP, FLT) working procedure with the root-mean-square value of impedance voltage VIS shows below for relevant virtual voltage VSM, ripple voltage.

State when at first, exchanging steady current IS not by utilization as shown in Figure 5.The resonance ripple voltage is to obtain in a fixing cycle of IS part (Is ' section (P1)), and it is being produced by the charging current under floating charge floating charging state behind the noise filtering circuit by battery cell.(T1 in first time acquisition time, RP), calculated base value (VO) is from ripple voltage (VRP, FLT) subtract out in the instantaneous value that is obtained, then,＜BR〉＜BR＜BR＜BR (VRP, FLT-Vo) 2＜BR〉＜BR a square result be placed among the configurations memory piece M1.After this, second acquisition time (T2, ripple voltage RP) (VRP FLT) is carried out sequentially and obtains, and repeats above-mentioned subtraction and＜BR again〉＜BR＜BR (VRP, FLT-Vo) 22＜BR〉square operation.Operation result adds among the memory piece M1, wherein square value (VRP, FLT-Vo) 12 is E] (and VRP, FLT-Vo) i2 is stored, again '=" 2 deposit among the M1.Then, (VRP FLT-Vo) repeats above-mentioned fundamental operation, result of calculation in the acquisition time of the fixedly period of half of the i2 mains frequency or one-period '=' deposits among the M1 at n.After certain time, constant current source begins to start, and steady current IS is supplied to battery cell.

The instantaneous value of alternating current virtual voltage VSM obtains at second portion (2nd section (P2)), and (VRP FLT) mixes for it and impedance voltage VIS and the resonance ripple voltage by the noise filtering circuit.Similarly, fixing period intercycle obtain virtual voltage VSM, (T1 sM) subtracts out from virtual voltage VSM calculated base value VO, and 2i, sm square value deposit among another memory piece M2 in first acquisition time.At the second acquisition time (T2, sM) try to achieve the instantaneous value of virtual voltage VSM and deduct base value VO, carry out＜BR〉＜BR＜BR＜BR＜BR 2＜BR＜BR square change, (SM ° of 2w5M iS adds among the M2 the result, wherein＜BR＜BR＜BR＜BR＜BR＜BR＜BR＜BR＜BR＜BR〉@-##2＜BR＜BR＜BR square value (VSM-Vo) 2i, SM is stored, this value is deposited among the memory piece M2 then, and j-12 also deposits M2 in.Then, at n# (VSM-Vo) i, SM2＜BR〉＜BR〉＜BR〉repeat above-mentioned fundamental operation in the acquisition time of fixedly period of half of mains frequency or one-period, result of calculation deposits in＜BR〉＜BR〉＜BR〉＜BR〉＜BR〉＜BR〉among the M2.

Be the demonstration of convenient utilization Another application, above-mentioned working procedure can be used by fixedly obtaining alternating current virtual voltage VSM in the period in certain of first (lst section (P1)), the harmonious chatter mark wave voltage of virtual voltage and steady current IS (VRP, the impedance voltage VIS that FLT) is produced mixes; When not using steady current, also can fixedly obtain resonance ripple voltage (VRp in the period in certain of second portion (2nd section (P2)), FLT) use said procedure, ripple voltage is produced by the battery cell under the floating charge floating charging state.

After above-mentioned series of steps is finished, and try to achieve by the noise filtering circuit ripple voltage (VRp, behind square value FLT), integration operation result n＜BR of certain fixed cycle〉＜BR＜BR＜BR ici＜BR deposit among the memory piece M1.In memory piece M2, by virtual voltage (VSM) is carried out a square change, n# (VSM-Vo) i that certain is fixing, the integrated results in SM2period l=1 cycle is deposited in.By calculating the difference between above-mentioned M1 and the M2, and carry out separation (or division) computing of difference in half of mains frequency or complete same period, the square root of result of calculation (1-) can be tried to achieve impedance voltage VIS accurately.

As the example of the present invention's application, Fig. 6 has showed the connected mode of 4 groups of relay circuits in parallel, and Fig. 7 has showed functional the be connected chart of master controller with the relay circuit group.As shown in Figure 7, every group relay circuit 4 has 16 relay assemblies, and each relay assembly has some relay assemblies to be used as steady current supply (Xna), voltage induced (Xnb), temperature sense (Xnc) and gravitation induction (Xnd).To in numerous battery cells, select a concrete battery cell, from the selection control signal of MPU1 with decoded.Relay assembly in the corresponding relay circuit group will be selected by above-mentioned decoded signal, and the battery cell that is connected to combination of selective relay or relay group will be connected to metering circuit.

Among application example Fig. 7, select control signal to be used for a large amount of battery cells and select concrete battery, its operational process face is as follows explained in detail.

In general, industrial battery runs in the battery cell string combination more than 12,24,36 or 48, and the battery at telecommunication transmission station generally runs in 4 12 volts the battery cell combination.Therefore, consider the convenience and the economy of circuit, if battery strings comprises 4 or 6 12 voltaic elements, just can invent a simple loop, it can use 3 or 4 to select control signal optionally to control the most nearly 7 or 15 relay assemblies, and can invent (as this example) and can select 48 to the circuit that mostly is most 60 relay assemblies, it selects control signal to comprise 6 bits.

At first, 6 bits of MPU (1) being located to produce select signal to be divided into two classes.With 2 bit signals (00,01,10, orll) import 4 bit decoding circuit MUX the input circuit link (G1, G2).If 2 bit signals are (00), then there is not any selection.Then comprise the most nearly 16 relay assemblies if 2 bit signals are a group in 01,10,11, the 3 group relay circuit, that is: main group (4-1), No. 1 slave circuit group (4-2) or No. 2 slave circuit groups (4-3) are with selected.Then, 6 bits select residue 4 bit signals in the signal will be imported into decoding circuit MUX entry terminal (D0, D1, D2, D3).

In general, the decoding circuit MUX of N input end, its decoding function can be selected a port from the 2N output port of N input signal.In this example, 16 output signals have been produced when using 4 bit input signals (D0-D3).The selected port output signal of above-mentioned decoding circuit 4 bit input signals is selected one in the relay assembly of 16 relay circuit groups that above signal has been selected by 2 bits.Selected relay assembly or group to drive by the triode amplifier that is connected to output terminal (TR array).

Another example: described 2 bit signals (00,01,10,11) will be imported into input circuit end G1, the G2 of described decoding circuit (MUX), and select one in 4 group relay circuit.

Remaining 4 bit BCD signals is imported into input end (D2 D3) selects and is operatively connected to one of 15 relay assemblies of output port for Do, D1.Circuit can design and be used for disconnecting all relay assemblies in the relay circuit group, and concrete signal this moment (as 0000) is employed.So, by operation one in 48 relay assemblies (3 groups x16/) under normal conditions, maximum 60 relay assemblies (4 groups x 15/), master controller 11 just can be selected a concrete battery in the battery cell string.Because of described relay circuit master group (4-1) and each are identical from group (4-2 ,-3 or-4) structure, these are organized in a certain little space that just can easily be economically installed in 3 or 4 storehouses and by a main plug-in unit and interconnect.

Release as preceding institute, by separating the clock signal that MPU produces in master controller 11, the about 1 KHz sine wave AC electric current of sine wave AC steady current supply that current source circuit (5) produces.

Confession is no less than 10mA (under alkaline battery or manganese cell situation) from the suitable amplitude of the sine wave AC steady current of current source circuit 5.If high power capacity as hundreds of Ah, lead-acid battery, can may be used for responding to higher relatively internal impedance voltage Vis by big electric current nearly, thereby obtain waveform voltage signal (because of internal resistance is lower than 1mQ) exactly from the ripple voltage noise

The maximum constant-current of example: 1-2Amp can be used for catching the voltage signal of 0.5-1.0mV between each terminal of battery (the resistive element internal impedance is 0.5mQ)

Application example of the present invention: Fig. 8 shows the functional block diagram that continues power circuit 5.

Make clock signal (CLK, e.g.16KHz) input with master controller in consistent from the MPU of MPU1 standard clock signal, insulate, the basic operation clock separated from MPU with light electric coupling device 30, just obtain the perfect AC sine wave of standard frequency (such as 1KHz) by the sine wave generating circuit 33 of controlled disclosed amplitude.

Substantially move the sinusoidal wave standard clock signal CLK that clock obtains to be used for described interchange constant current circuit 5 by dividing MPU1, and divide because of the frequency of sine wave AC steady current Is results from once more, it is always synchronous with the described frequency that exchanges steady current Is to move clock substantially.

Therefore, when moving the characteristic data that are associated with internal driving, by dividing the standard clock signal of MPU1, the cycle of sine wave AC steady current Is and alternating voltage Vis can easily be calculated, and phase differential also can accurately be measured.

Produce steady current Is by retroactive effect, described lasting power supply 5 has the function of control output current.That is: after the feedback signal, the value of feedback If of output current is insulated at current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 42 places that are made up of disclosed operation amplifier by a converter (as current transformer) and becomes DC feedback information.In having the operation amplifier of differential enlarging function, by finding out the difference between output current and the steady current setting value 43, and amplify this difference by integrating (buffering) circuit, constant current circuit is Be Controlled just, by this difference of input in the amplitude control terminal of sine wave generating circuit, the supply of steady current becomes possibility.Operation be converted, amplify in the amplifier and with 43 additions of steady current setting value after, the difference of described two kinds of signals can be amplified by importing described dc feedback signal to the Non-Inverted Input terminal of integrated circuit 32.In addition, certain circuit can be performed and be used to move amplifier, to have and operation amplifier 31 and integrated circuit 32 identical functions.

Be characteristic and the accuracy healthy and that improvement is measured that does not influence battery in the measurement, it is necessary producing steady current fast and only bringing minimizing Measuring Time (battery not being had in the coverage by the supply maximum current).For carrying out this function, continue among the MPU1 that power supply produces, be filtered with described MPU standard time clock clock signal synchronous CLK after, if integrate with the integrated circuit that resistance R, capacitor C, buffer circuit are formed, soft start signal SS (slowly increasing from the starting stage by the electron capacitance time constant) can be produced.If the outlet terminal that soft start signal is connected to operation amplifier 31 (have differential operation and integrated circuit 32 functions) by diode starts the constant current circuit 5 (when producing described standard clock signal CLK) of starting stage, even produced the defeated output valve of operation amplifier with differential operation and aggregate circuit function, because soft start signal SS is less than the output valve of described operation amplifier and integrated circuit, soft start signal SS is by the amplitude control terminal 10 of preferential input sine wave generation circuit, and it may reach the steady state (SS) of sinusoidal current waveform in of short duration 10 minutes.For improving simple alternating current waveform (signal) transient response (obtaining from sine wave generating circuit), deducted and imported No. 1 Type B amplifier circuit 35 in the value of feedback If of its instantaneous output current from the instantaneous increment circuit 34 of actual value and amplified by described method.

Figure 9 shows that the two step Type B current amplifier circuit examples that continue power supply signal Is.Described sine wave AC signal Is is exaggerated (originally undistorted) at No. 1 amplifier circuit 35, and with the main position of less important position (being furnished with two isolation/insulation windings that oppositely connect) input high-frequency signal transformer T2.

Because the internal resistance of cell is anti-higher relatively, when need be less than 1 ampere lasting power supply, lasting power circuit can come simple arrangement by connecting No. 1 amplifier to output transformer.

Described sine wave signal Is is changed by 180 degree homophases at the Secondary Winding output terminal that described transformer T2 oppositely connects, and finally obtains sine wave (sin ot) and 180 degree oppositely sinusoidal wave (sin ot+8 degree) at the Secondary Winding place.No. 1 amplifier circuit comprises one of operation amplifier U3, and triode (Q1, Q2).

Because the output of operation amplifier U3 is connected to each basic terminal of NPN triode Q1 and PNP triode Q2, and the winding of control transformer T2 is connected to the interconnection common point of each launch terminal, described signal Is is exaggerated and flows out via control transformer T2, and amplified output signal is imported reverse (-) terminal of operation amplifier U3 once more, so, stable electric current amplifies and becomes possibility, even current amplitude rate Hfe changes.

No. 2 Type B amplifying circuits comprise operation amplifier U9A, U9B, NPN triode (Q3, Q4) and output transformer TM1 or the like.

Described sine involves operation amplifier U9A and the U9B that passes through No. 2 Type B amplifier circuits with the reverse in-phase signal of 180 degree respectively.(Q3, basic terminal Q4) is amplified by secondary by importing each NPN triode in its output.The starting point of a winding of output transformer TM1 and end point are connected to triode (Q3, collector terminal Q4) (or being connected to drain terminal under the N road FET situation).The output of described U9A and U9B is amplified back (its center tap be connected to positive pole+) by output transformer TM1 and finally is stopped.

Among Fig. 9, (Q3 Q4) is illustrated as ambipolar single NPN triode to described triode, and the amplification level of described No. 2 Type B amplifier circuits allows upgrading, or its characteristic can replace by N road FET triode and improve, or arranges circuit and improve with compound transistor.

Figure 10 is another example of No. 2 Type B amplifiers.

Although No. 2 Type B amplifier circuits are compared down with A type amplifier circuit and had advantage more efficiently among Fig. 9, Figure 10, it can cross distortion.For improving this shortcoming, with resistor R1 and variohm VR1 division+12V control electricity, bias voltage (0.6-0.7V) is imported into described triode (Q3, basic entry terminal Q4).The output of the sinusoidal wave steady current that this kind mode is amplified by output transformer TM1 insulation, continues power supply by high frequency coupling condenser Cdc (being used to measure battery impedance) conduct directly for toward battery.With regard to electric power, the terminal voltage of battery cell and lasting power supply there is no the interference that is subjected to high frequency coupling condenser Cdc.The steady current Is that is used to measure the battery cell internal impedance can produce by described step.Because of its controllability, the rated current of certain amplitude can flow, even its internal impedance can step-down under the situation of short circuit load.

Battery terminal voltage VDC and current source can not be coupled capacitor CDC and carry out electronic interferences.

As explained above, by current source circuit 5 supply, controlled uniformly for the amplitude of measuring the anti-required steady current of the internal resistance of cell.

The numerical value that the amplitude of the ac voltage signal that the internal resistance of cell is anti-is measured between the terminal of battery cell along with the aging performance of battery or capacity proportionality takes place to be changed.Amplified by certain amplifier in impedance voltage signal, and under the situation that gain amplifier is fixed, if the voltage signal of being measured diminishes, the accuracy of Ce Lianging is just very low so because the measurement level of signal by low level insert on the input terminal of main control element 11.

If it is high that the voltage signal of measuring seems when exceeding the input voltage amplitude, main control element 11 will be burnt or be caused that function is out of control.

For addressing this problem, just must be according to the selected operation amplifier of the amplitude of ac voltage signal VIS with suitable gain amplifier, method is that several operation amplifiers 50 with different gain amplifiers are carried out parallel connection.

With the selected device (such as analog switch) of output signal input of above-mentioned bridging amplifier, and according to the selected gain amplifier of the amplitude of above-mentioned voltage signal.

Figure 11 is one and uses demonstration, x1 is housed, x5, x10, the amplifier 50 of 4 kinds of gain amplifiers of x50.

Below be to carry out amplifier (50-1,50-5,50-10,50-50) selected method according to the amplitude of the voltage signal VIS that is measured and at correct gain amplifier.For guaranteeing the true(-)running of above-mentioned amplifier,, input signal is in the correct amplitude when amplifier institute amplified output signal during greater than the quantitative values of amplifier working voltage.Clearly, voltage signal can not carry out proportionality by the gain amplifier of amplifier and amplify, and amplifying signal can only be in the saturated amplitude of working voltage.Therefore, select amplifier with correct gain amplifier, at first must select amplifier (50-50) with maximum gain amplifier, if amplifier output signal is because input signal is too big and saturated, main control element 11 will be found this state of saturation so, the sequentially selected then less amplifier of next gain amplifier, the voltage signal VIS that is correctly amplified inserts the input terminal of main control element 11.On the other hand, if input voltage signal is too little, amplifies output signal and also become too little, main control element 11 will be found this point so, the sequentially selected then bigger amplifier of next gain amplifier.In this manner, just can be at impedance the amplifier of automatically obtaining in service with correct gain amplifier, this is called as " calibration automatically ".

The determination data of the master data of the accumulator Emergency Power system that is moved by the series of theories notion and monitoring Emergency Power quality all is stored in the internal memory of main control element 11 by MPU.MPU analyzes the aging performance of every phase place Emergency Power system and calculates root-mean-square value, when breaking down, calculates power supply the root-mean-square value and the virtual voltage of every phase bits, outwards launch storage data by communication port, utilize intrasystem real-time clock timer RTC to discern launch time, the record trouble time, power failure information is transmitted into remote zone or principal computer.The characteristic data of the battery cell that is calculated by above-mentioned data all are presented in the output peripheral equipment such as LCD that Emergency Power monitoring and analytic system be equipped with such as temperature, voltage, charge or discharge voltage, charge or discharge electric current and specific internal resistance etc.

Each data and instruction is all imported by key.The situation of analyzing accumulator is that the aging performance canonical algorithm program that the calculating amplitude by internal resistance is activated is carried out.The situation of bad battery can vision (warning lamp) or the sense of hearing (alarm call) show, and can send to remote zone.A series of MPU operation is all carried out by the programmed software algorithm, and detailed rules and regulations are as follows.

Above-mentioned software algorithm is made up of master routine and timer interrupt routine.In the master routine stage, the main program of implementing and carrying out low priority is managed and the battery contact of not strict restriction execution time and the calculating of impedance etc. such as outside input-output device.In the timer interrupt routine stage, as shown in Figure 4, main operation and the operation of carrying out current source circuit 5 controls, relay circuit group 4 in official hour, by the data that exchange the Emergency Power system that sensing circuit 15 and direct current sensing circuit 14 measure obtain, for the required battery temperature of monitoring and analysis Emergency Power system, voltage, charge or discharge electric current, voltage data obtain and the internal resistance of cell resists obtaining of the alternating voltage data that cause etc.

Figure 12 has shown the performance period and the conceptual processes of master routine and timer interrupt routine.Master routine 120 all is to carry out on fixing period intercycle ground with timer interrupt routine 121.After the interruption program implementation was finished, it turned back in the master routine and repeats.

In order to measure the internal impedance of battery reliably, current source circuit 5 can produce a kind of sinusoidal wave steady current IS that vibrates under the high-frequency of several KHZ.Show that this has produced the impedance voltage of same frequency.Be unlikely to produce any loss in order to obtain this high-frequency impedance voltage waveform VIS in the stage of timer interrupt routine, even program is on the time point that returns master routine, in the sequence of the function that executive routine obtains, also carry out constantly 124 the impedance waveform obtain function, even and be in master routine as shown in figure 12 and also do not return master routine in the performance period.In other words, in the timer interrupt routine of the sequence of alternating current input waveform, direct current waveform and the temperature of obtaining the Emergency Power system, program is returned master routine after getting access to this information, and continues the sequence of executive routine before the consensus sequence when interrupting taking place.In the execution of the timer interrupt routine that obtains impedance voltage waveform and high-frequency impedance waveform, it does not turn back in the master routine but at full speed obtains the impedance voltage waveform and continue to carry out timer interrupt routine, increasing the efficient that data are obtained, and guarantee the continuation and the non-loss of data by the Monitoring Data of periodically obtaining power-supply system.

Figure 13 has shown the running process of master routine.In the MPU of main control element 11, when power supply opening, power supply is supplied from accessory power supply 10, and master routine is carried out.By initialization 131, after Emergency Power system 18 made the inspection preparation with accumulator, MPU checked whether 132 external units put in place such as keyboard.When the outside input took place, if the data of input are the diagnostic analysis parameters, relevant parameters also was set up 134.Otherwise it can check the instruction whether 135 contact mouths have the data between analytic system and the external system to transmit.If an instruction, the variable that data transmit is set 136.Whether after checking whether data transmission variable is set, if really set, data are transmitted 138, and confirm to also have more multidata wait to transmit 139.If all data all are transmitted, data transmit variable and are cleared 14.When data volume was too big, data transmission was just carried out according to certain fixing amount, rather than all carries out, and turned back to major cycle again and carried out other program.After returning, it checks 141 instructions that whether have data to transmit.If have, data transmit variable and are set 142, and data are transmitted in next main program is carried out.Calculate the numerical value of internal impedance on the basis of the battery datas whether inspection 143 is measured in timing is interrupted.If internal impedance operation variable is set, the utilization working procedure calculates this variable 144, stores 145 impedances of being calculated, and empties the setting value of 145 internal impedances operation variable.Above-mentioned series of programs is carried out repeatedly.

As a demonstration of the present invention, impedance operation conventional 144 is that the timer interrupt routine by as shown in figure 12 obtains, and on the basis of the actual value of internal impedance voltage VIS that stores and steady current IS, carry out.In more detail, impedance operation routine was made up of cycle, mean value or root-mean-square value calculation procedure stage, phase differential and impedance computation stage.In order to obtain root-mean-square value, must obtain the mean value of above-mentioned voltage VIS and steady current IS earlier.

As shown in figure 14, with direct current AC convertor input AC voltage VIS and AC steady current IS, in each signal input zero passage identification circuit of steady current and voltage.Signal is found by the zero passage recognizer to positive transfer point by negative.1 " zero cross signal ZCV1, No. 2 zero cross signal ZCV2, No. 3 zero cross signal ZCI1 and No. 4 zero cross signal ZCI2 input high-speed timers.High-speed timer the input zero cross signal (ZCV1, ZCV2, ZCI1, output 1 in the time of ZCI2) " voltage chronometric data tv1, No. 2 voltage chronometric data tv2, No. 1 electric current chronometric data ti1 and No. 2 electric current chronometric data ti2.The period T i=ti2-ti1 of the period T v=tv2-tv1 of AC voltage and AC electric current can calculate by the data difference of voltage signal and current signal.

Can utilize the instantaneous value of the electric current and voltage of the mean value of AC voltage in certain cycle and electric current and storage to come the root-mean-square value of calculating voltage VIS and current IS.Here, each instantaneous value of the voltage waveform that V (n) expression is stored, the actual value of i (n) expression current waveform, N is the storage sum of instantaneous value in total period.

In the program of phase differential, phase differential O between voltage and the electric current is No. 1 zero cross signal ZCV1 of voltage that obtains in mean computation routine and the difference between No. 3 zero cross signal ZCI1 of electric current, it can be tried to achieve from the equation tvi-ti1 of data value, and data value is to utilize the high-speed timer 172 that increases with fixed frequency to obtain.Must design zero crossing circuitry to strengthen accuracy, because, also can in the calculating of phase differential, produce mistake with pinpoint accuracy even have low-level deviation and noise to be mixed among alternating voltage VIS or the power supply IS.

Another demonstration is, be used for from constant current circuit 5 produce sinusoidal wave standard time clock CLK can by above-mentioned cutting apart (or removing) MPU1 the frequency of basis operation clock obtain.And the frequency of sinusoidal wave steady current can obtain by cutting apart (or removing) standard time clock.By this frequency division (or removing), the frequency of moving clock and constant current source substantially just always is in the synchronization.Therefore, the mode that can carry out timing by basic operation clock or the standard time clock CLK to MPU1 is tried to achieve the cycle of AC voltage and AC current IS.

Another way of obtaining resistance value is by the equation that utilizes following impedance, resistance and reactance element and the phase differential of electric current and voltage.Can obtain these data by above-mentioned working procedure, as follows: X/@=tan-1#R, this is a demonstration of obtaining resistance (virtual impedance element), and method is to come resistance value Z is multiplied each other with phase differential cos (), and the method for therefore accurately grasping phase differential is particularly important.This method has the advantage that reduces working time, and other method is measured the weak signal of RMS real number voltage and ripple (ripple) when normally having the real impedance voltage signal in not having the real number voltage signal VSM of noise; And this method is operated by hardware such as phase identification circuit and simple timing and is obtained phase differential, and from voltage and electric current instantaneous value calculating significant figure value.In addition, compare with the way of obtaining RMS impedance real number value by complicated synchronizing detection operation method (D-Q conversion), this way has the advantage that the minimizing resistance value obtains required MPU operand.

As explained above, timer interrupt routine was carried out in certain time period, and it can return master routine complete back.As long as timer interrupt routine is carried out, store waveform and will carry out with the program of measuring the impedance waveform.Timer interrupt routine will calculate the number of times of carrying out and the counting variable of timing, and will increase until reaching certain value, and. the specific program of execution on this value, perhaps count value can be set on original zero-bit.Operation logic of the present invention and conceptual foundation provide the analytical approach of Emergency Power system, thereby the monitoring power quality is weighed and the master data of calculating battery cell in the Emergency Power system.System can deposit above-mentioned data in memory piece by operation.On the basis of these master datas, we can calculate internal impedance numerical value by calculating the anti-algorithm of the internal resistance of cell among the utilization MPU.

We can also be with on the display of these data presentation in being connected monitoring and analytic system.When data or instruction are imported by outside entering apparatus such as keyboards, default aging performance algorithm routine will be carried out the aging performance audit function of battery, and may send the information notice of aging performance at fail battery to the supvr of pulpit by alarm or other liaison method.

In addition, emergency power supply system described herein comprises 12,24 substantially, reaches 36 battery strings by the volume ratio of emergency power supply system.If will increase this power system capacity, a battery strings need comprise battery cell connected in series more than 100, or some emergency power supply systems are installed on the three unities also can.In the latter's situation, 4-6 battery strings connected in series is used as a 12V (8V) battery, and an emergency power supply system (monitoring analysis system) can be handled nearly 360 batteries (6cell x 60).So, it will be very difficult measuring or monitor accurately, perhaps be necessary to use multiple measurement (monitoring) system this moment.

Figure 15 is for what follows remembering block scheme with gratitude: 1) monitor the power generating quality of the multiple electric power system that is installed on a certain place by monitoring multiple emergency power supply system; 2) analyze the ageing state of multiple battery by remeasurement analytic system more than in real time; 3) transmit 1 by telecommunications network to the connection of remote site) and 2) the middle monitoring analysis data that require.

N emergency power supply system 160 (comprises battery cell, analytic target, and Data Update, or I/O power-supply system) is connected to N measurement/analytic system (161,164): 1) this N measurement/analytic system (161,164) use a series of notion and methods of explaining before that emergency power supply system is measured and analyzed, 2) set up a serial excuse 162 and at the communication port place that is positioned at master control set, thereby make and measure and analytic system is preserved described total measurement data, 3) and this serial line interface 162 be connected to local network 163 and carry out two-way connection with N measurement/analytic system to parallel connection.Certainly, described local network 163 also can be used as a Wireless Telecom Equipment.Certain concrete measurement/analytic system is chosen as main measurement/analytic system 164 among the N, makes the remote data transmission between main measurement/analytic system and the residue measurement/analytic system become possibility.The installation of main measurement/analytic system not only can be carried out with serial line interface 162, also can carry out with LAN interface 165, thereby with N measurement/analytic system gained data transmission to remote site.LAN interface 165 is connected with a telecommunications network 166.

Under these schemes, main measurement/analytic system 164 is connected with serial line interface 162, LAN interface 165 will be as an inlet with wave point 167, thereby all are transmitted by telecommunications network 166 (such as internet or cordless communication network 168 such as CDMA) from the data of measurement/analytic system, in addition as the data transmission inlet of cordless communication network 168 as CDMA etc.

On the details (as shown in figure 16), a measurement/analytic system 164 in numerous measurement/analytic systems is designated as main measurement/analytic system 164, and remainder be designated as subordinate measurement/analytic system (164-a ,-b ,-c ,-n).Main measurements/analytic system 164 carry out with serial communication (RS-486, RS-422, RS-232) or the communication of serial line interface (can carry out local communication) as bluetooth totally control, the intercommunication mutually of execution and subordinate measurement/analytic system is also controlled them.In local network (as PC),, adjust the data in main measurement/analytic system 164 of parameter and access and the subordinate measurement/analytic system by each local network 163.

By interconnecting of local network 163, be connected to local monitoring system 169 (such as the PC) adjustable parameters of main measurement/analytic system 164 and the data in the access subordinate measurement/analytic system.And each subordinate measurement/analytic system can be adjusted self parameter and access its data.And main measurement/analytic system 164 can directly be connected to a cordless communication network or telecommunications network but not local monitoring system 169, thereby the data access in subordinate measurement/analytic system also comes true.

If a battery strings comprises a hundreds of above battery (as Figure 17), but not subordinate measurement/analytic system (164-a,-b,-c, ,-n) is furnished with the measurement/analytical equipment (1 of simple serial communication port (as RS-485), 2, N) need not use complicated output device (as LCD) just can check battery characteristics in abutting connection with installing with some battery strings.

This measurement/analytical equipment comprises: the simple relatively master control set 11 of function, continue power supply 5, and relay circuit 4.

So, by the connection of simple serial communication port (as RS-485), main measurement/analytic system 164 and measurement/analytical equipment (1,2,, just N) might adjust parameters and pick up back the data of storing in measurement/analytical equipment by utilizing main monitoring system 164.And the control that the local system 169 (as PC) that is connected to measurement/analytic system makes all pass through the interconnective measurement/analytical equipment of local network (as serial line interface) (adjusting parameter and ten times data) becomes possibility.

And main measurement/analytic system 164 can be connected to a cordless communication network or telecommunication network and realize measurement/analytical equipment (1,2,, the N) access of all data in.

Any subordinate measurement/analytic system 170 can be replaced in emergency power supply system among Figure 16, and if the communication port of measurement/analytic system and emergency power supply system 170 interconnect, it is possible carrying out data access by measurement/analytic system 164.

Use said method, (internet CDMA) is connected to the remote host computer of multiple measurement/analytic system or PC and requires various instructions to make each measurements/analytic system monitor emergency service net, obtain the characteristic data of battery and the data of treatment of aged state analysis by communication network.

Therefore, by receiving all and the data (from telecommunication system) that measurement/analytic system links, the ageing state analysis of emergency service net and emergency cell is possible.

In addition, under the situation of internet usage, use interactive type communication to control the N emergency power supply system of each website by the telecommunication means, a fixed the Internet protocol IP that is attached to principal computer just can monitor/control 1, the operation of 000 online website, and bring economic maintenance thus.

The user of native system is: Internet data center, electronic data-processing center (EDP center), mobile phone relay station, network service station, hospital, military communication computing equipment, bank, industrial control system, traffic (highway, railway, subway) control system, boats and ships, power plant's (distribution) etc., they all need a high-quality electric power system that continued operation in 24 hours.The present invention has the computerized characteristics of operation automatically: 1) support the automation mechanized operation and the maintenance of science; 2) avoid because the caused system of power failure of immesurable secondary power supply system operability not.

The present invention's economy and the management of science can be carried out the replacing of battery before monitoring, early detection and the power failure of uninterrupted emergency power supply system.

And, analytic system of the present invention has the automatic measurement function (when being necessary that the forming process of battery carried out charge/discharge) of battery cell characteristic data, and when beyond the ageing state analysis, carrying out charge/discharge, the terminal voltage of each battery cell and internal impedance database can be used to analyze the state of battery cell, because can be finished at short notice.

As releasing more in the early time, the actual value of impedance voltage Vis can be obtained by the calculated value in effective filtering noise, even impedance voltage and noise mix up is together obtained.

Therefore, for the diagnosis of the part of oedema medically, measuring-signal is can be in noise voltage separated or obtain, even noise and input signal enter simultaneously.

Claims (18)

1. battery analysis system, the characteristic that is used for the rechargeable battery monomer by measuring a plurality of series connection monitors and it is characterized in that described battery analysis system comprises by the ageing state of each battery cell of rechargeable battery monomer of a plurality of series connection:

A group relay circuit (4) that is connected with each battery cell in the rechargeable battery monomer of a plurality of series connection, the relay contact in the described group relay circuit (4) is connected with negative pole with the positive pole of each battery cell by 4 terminal circuit networks;

The constant-current supply (5) that is connected with a described group relay circuit (4) by Main Control Unit MCU (11) control;

The input-output apparatus that is connected with MCU (11);

Wherein said battery analysis system is managed and is controlled by the main processor unit MPU (1) among the described MCU (11) on the whole, and the operation of described battery analysis system comprises:

The selection control signal that MPU (1) produces activates corresponding relays circuit in the described group relay circuit (4), and corresponding relay circuit will be connected to the input port of MCU according to the battery cell that measuring sequence is measured;

Constant-current supply (5) is started by the clock signal clk that MPU (1) produces, the steady current Is that constant-current supply (5) produces is supplied to the rechargeable battery monomer of a plurality of series connection by a described group relay circuit (4), and characteristic is by count circuit (7) amplification and being stored in after analog/digital converter (6) digitizing in the storer among the MPU (1) of autompulse;

Described MPU (1) stops described constant-current supply (5), and the internal impedance in the battery cell is calculated by the impedance computation program;

Program in the MPU (1) is determined the ageing state of battery cell based on characteristic and battery cell internal impedance;

With described characteristic, battery cell internal impedance and battery status historgraphic data recording in storer (2);

Repeat whole operation stepss of above-mentioned measurement, calculating and data storage, and the analysis data of the rechargeable battery monomer of described a plurality of series connection are transferred to computer or principal computer by RS232, RS422, RS485 or CDMA CDMA.

2. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described input equipment comprises keyboard, and described output device comprises LCD.

3. measure and analytic system for one kind, be used for assessing the ageing state of each battery cell in a plurality of rechargeable battery monomers, and monitor the power quality of emergency power supply system (18), it is characterized in that described measurement and analytic system comprise:

Alternating current impression circuit (15) is connected to alternating voltage and the alternating current of measuring emergency power supply system (18);

DC induction road (14) is connected to DC voltage and the DC current of measuring emergency power supply system (18);

One group relay circuit (4), the relay contact in the described group relay circuit (4) is connected with negative terminal with the positive pole of each battery cell by 4 terminal circuit networks;

The constant-current supply (5) that is connected with a described group relay circuit (4);

Main Control Unit MCU (11), it comprises MPU (1), is used for prime amplifier (16), autompulse numeration circuit (7), analog/digital converter (6) and the communication port of amplification input signal to optimum condition;

The input-output apparatus that is connected with Main Control Unit MCU (11),

The operation of wherein said measurement and analytic system comprises:

Described measurement and analytic system are on the whole by main processor unit MPU (1) management and control among the described MCU (11);

Selection control signal from MPU (1) activates selected relay circuit, the clock activating signal constant-current supply (5) that MPU (1) produces is reached selected battery cell from the interchange steady current Is that is activated of described constant-current supply (5) by a described group relay circuit (4) quilt;

Characteristic is collected by a described group relay circuit (4), and the installation procedure in the MPU (1) serves as according to the analysis of carrying out selected battery cell ageing state with the data of collection;

The alternating voltage of the charging DCV of battery cell and charge/discharge current DCA and emergency power supply system (18) and alternating current are gathered and record simultaneously;

Alternating voltage and current waveform are gathered simultaneously;

The internal cell impedance is calculated by the impedance computation program, and the data of having measured and having calculated are recorded;

Repeat all operations step of above-mentioned measurement, calculating and data storage;

The data of storage are transferred to principal computer by described communication port (8) with the schedule time;

When the numerical value of described measurement data and computational data surpasses preset range, will set fault alarm and event time;

Data by described communication port (8) with being transferred to remote computer or principal computer fault-time.

4. system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described communication port is RS232, RS485, CDMA or LAN (Local Area Network).

5. system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described input equipment comprises keyboard, and described output device comprises LCD.

6. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described system does not comprise a described group relay circuit (4);

The input of described MCU (11) manually is connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of tested battery cell by 4 terminal circuit networks;

The measurement of battery cell is carried out initialization by external signal or the internal signal from MCU (11);

By being applied to battery cell by 4 terminal circuit networks from the CLK of MPU (1) or the interchange steady current Is from constant-current supply (5) of ON/OFF ON/OFF signal enabling;

Characteristic is amplified by the autompulse circuit (7) that counts;

Described characteristic is changed and is stored among the MPU (1) by analog/digital converter (6);

The battery cell internal impedance is calculated by the impedance computation program;

The ageing state that program among the MPU (1) is determined battery cell based on the characteristic and the described internal impedance of battery cell;

Described characteristic, internal impedance and ageing state historical data are recorded in the storer (2), and described data presentation is on output device;

All operations step to the above-mentioned measurement of repeating of other battery cells, calculating and data storage;

Stored data among the MCU (11) and be transferred to notebook computer, server or principal computer by general-purpose serial bus USB, RS232, RS422 and RS485.

7. system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described characteristic comprises voltage V, impedance voltage Vis, interchange steady current Is and the temperature T of tested battery cell.

8. system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described output device comprises LCD.

9. the system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 is characterized in that:

Installed software comprises master routine and timer interrupt routine among the main processor unit MPU of described MCU (11);

Regularly carry out timer interrupt routine with predetermined time interval;

A described group relay circuit is operated by timer interrupt routine, records data and obtains by the requirement of timer interrupt routine, and constant-current supply (5) activates by the requirement of timer interrupt routine;

Impedance voltage waveform in steady current waveform and the battery cell obtains by the requirement of timer interrupt routine;

The battery impedance computing method is carried out by the requirement of timer interrupt routine;

DC voltage, DC current and alternating voltage waveform obtain by the requirement of timer interrupt routine;

The measurement data that the impedometer algorithm obtains and the impedance data of calculating are stored in the storer;

Described timer interrupt routine is carried out and is back to master routine later, but does not return master routine when the impedance voltage waveform that obtains battery unit in, but continues the described timer interrupt routine of execution with the set time;

When obtaining the impedance voltage in the battery unit, relate to the emergency power supply system data Quality and be acquired with having no loss.

10. the system described in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that:

The selection control signal that is connected to battery cell in order to control relay circuit is made up of six bit signals;

2 bits selection signal is selected wherein a group of four group relay circuit;

Remain four bits and reached the input terminal D0-D3 of decoder circuit MUX, and the most described 2 bits select to select in the selected group relay circuit of signal one in 16 relay circuits;

Identical and the suitable multilayer application program of one group relay circuit (4).

11. the system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 is characterized in that:

Be connected to constant-current supply (5) from the clock-driven clock signal clk of MPU (1);

The frequency of the interchange steady current Is of described constant-current supply (5) is driven by described clock signal clk.

12. the system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 is characterized in that:

Constant-current supply (5) reaches the steady state (SS) of no overshoot fast in order to make ac output current, and it constitutes:

Supply toward described constant-current supply (5) from the clock-driven clock signal clk of MPU (1);

Ac output current feedback signal If is connected to operational amplifier (31);

Difference between described output current value of feedback And if the current setting value (43) is applied to the amplitude control terminal (10) of sine wave generating circuit (33);

The output of described sine wave generating circuit (33) is added circuit (34) by instantaneous value and is joined output current value of feedback If by differential expression, improves transient reaction then;

Described differential expression interpolation value is applied to No. 1 Type B amplifier (35);

Integrate clock signal clk to produce the soft start signal SS that slowly rises by soft initialization circuit;

Connect the output of described soft start signal SS with limit priority to described operational amplifier (31).

13. the system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 is characterized in that: the constituting of constant-current supply:

AC sine wave is produced by integrated circuit (IC) or sine wave generating circuit;

AC sine wave generation circuit (33) adds circuit (34) in the differential mode by instantaneous value and is added to value of feedback If;

Instantaneous value adds the output of circuit (34) and is amplified by No. 1 Type B amplifier (35);

This No. 1 Type B amplifier circuit (35) comprising:

The output of operational amplifier U3 is connected to NPN triode Q1 base stage and PNP triode Q2 base stage respectively;

The collector of described NPN triode Q1 and PNP triode Q2 is connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of direct supply respectively;

The emitter of described NPN triode Q1 and PNP triode Q2 is connected to a terminal of the elementary winding of the reverse input end of described operational amplifier U3 and signal transformer T2 jointly;

Steady current Is produces at the secondary winding place of described signal transformer T2 and is isolated by electricity.

14. the system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 is characterized in that: the constituting of constant-current supply:

AC sine wave produces by integrated circuit (IC) or sine wave generating circuit;

AC sine wave generation circuit (33) adds circuit (34) by the differential mode by instantaneous value and is added to value of feedback If;

Described instantaneous value adds the output of circuit (34) and is amplified by No. 1 Type B amplifier (35);

The output of described No. 1 Type B amplifier (35) is connected to the elementary winding of signal transformer T2;

Two secondary winding of described signal transformer T2 are arranged to produce two sinusoidal signals, and this signal is 180 degree phase differential;

Described two sinusoidal signals are amplified by No. 2 Type B amplifiers (37);

The output of described No. 2 Type B amplifiers (37) is separated by separation circuit (38), is used as constant-current supply then for the anti-measurement of the internal resistance of cell;

Wherein said No. 1 Type B amplifier (35) comprising:

The output of operational amplifier U3 is connected to the base stage of NPN triode Q1 and PNP triode Q2;

The collector of described NPN triode Q1 and PNP triode Q2 is connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of direct supply respectively;

The emitter of described NPN triode Q1 and PNP triode Q2 is connected to the reverse input end of described operational amplifier U3 and a terminal of the elementary winding of signal transformer T2 jointly;

Elementary winding another terminal ground connection with described signal transformer T2;

Wherein said No. 2 Type B amplifiers (37) comprising:

The elementary winding center tap of output transformer TM1 is connected to the positive pole of direct supply;

The collector/that the starting point of the elementary winding of described output transformer TM1 and destination node are connected to triode Q3 and Q4 respectively;

Steady current Is is produced by the output of No. 2 Type B amplifiers (37), and is isolated in described output transformer TM1.

15. the system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 is characterized in that: the constituting of autompulse numeration circuit (7) in the Main Control Unit (11):

A measuring-signal is connected with the input of a plurality of operational amplifiers (50) simultaneously, and a plurality of amplifiers have different gain amplifiers;

The output of described a plurality of operational amplifier (50) is connected to the input of signal selector (51);

The public output of described signal selector (51) is connected to the input terminal of analog/digital converter (6);

From a plurality of operational amplifiers (50), select to have the operational amplifier of suitable gain amplifier;

The operational amplifier that selection has no saturated maximum output comprises the output of at first checking the amplifier with highest-gain, checks next output with amplifier of highest-gain then, until finding no regulex.

16. system as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, described measuring-signal is to exchange virtual voltage VsM.

17. system as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, described signal selector (51) is an analog switch.

18. the system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the impedance computation program comprises following process:

Alternating voltage Vis and steady current Is are applied to the zero passage detection circuit respectively, and zero cross signal ZCV1, ZCV2, and ZCI1, ZCI2 is produced by the zero passage detection circuit;

At each zero cross signal ZCV1, ZCV2, ZCI1, first voltage that obtains at the beginning of ZCI2 numeration data tv1, the 2nd voltage numeration data tv2, the 1st rheometer logarithmic data ti1 and the 2nd rheometer logarithmic data ti2 are used for seeking the period T v=tv2-tv1 and the period T i=ti2-ti1 that exchanges steady current Is of alternating voltage Vis;

Alternating voltage Vis with exchange phase differential between the steady current Is between described the 1st voltage numeration data tv1 and the first rheometer logarithmic data ti1 difference and calculate;

At period T v, calculate alternating voltage Vis and the mean value that exchanges steady current Is in the Ti respectively.

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