CN100493825C - Method for hot working and welding heavy plate - Google Patents

Method for hot working and welding heavy plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100493825C
CN100493825C CNB2007102006089A CN200710200608A CN100493825C CN 100493825 C CN100493825 C CN 100493825C CN B2007102006089 A CNB2007102006089 A CN B2007102006089A CN 200710200608 A CN200710200608 A CN 200710200608A CN 100493825 C CN100493825 C CN 100493825C
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welding
temperature
steel plate
mentioned steps
groove
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CN101049670A (en
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李久林
高树栋
邱德隆
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Beijing Urban Construction Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

A heating and welding technology for the thick steel plate (80-165 mm in thickness) includes such steps as pre-heating the position to be welded to more than 150 deg.C by heating plates, cutting to form the groove as weld seam, thermal correcting at 640 deg.C for 20 min, cooling in air, removing the quenched layer from said groove, pre-heating to more than 150 deg.C by heating plates, welding, heat treating at 250-300 deg.C for 2 hr, and slow cooling.

Description

Steel plate hot-working and welding method
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method, particularly a kind of hot-working and welding method to 80～165mm steel plate.
(2) background technology
Along with the development of construction steel structure design and construction technology, construction steel structure engineering structure span is increasing, and node is stressed to become increasingly complex, and causes adopting in a large number high strength special heavy plate.The National Stadium structural steelwork is because its structural span is big, complex structure, so the thick Q460E-Z35 level steel of 100/110mm have been adopted in the part during design.But the welding for this Q460E-Z35 steel plate and same level steel plate there is no relevant welding method, if adopt the welding method of tradition than thin plate, just can not effectively control welding residual stress and weld crack, thereby can't guarantee the impact flexibility of welding point, and then can't guarantee welding quality.
(3) summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of steel plate hot-working and welding method, mainly solve the Welding Problems of similar steel plates such as 80～165mm is thick, and solve the welding stress of eliminating the thick plates workpiece simultaneously, eliminate crackle that welding produces, avoid weld seam to impact degradation technical barrier down.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: this steel plate hot-working and welding method is characterized in that step is as follows:
This steel plate hot-working and welding method, described welding method adopts CO 2Gas shielded arc welding and manual electric arc welding is characterized in that step is as follows:
Step 1 respectively adopts front heating plate and reverse side heating plate to cut preceding preheating in the zone of 75mm in the line of cut both sides of 80～165mm steel plate at least, and preheat temperature will reach more than 150 ℃;
Step 2 when preheat temperature reaches more than 150 ℃, adopts cutting machine to carry out the steel plate cutting, and cuts out weld groove with flame cutter on steel plate;
Step 3 after the cutting of steel plate weld groove finishes, is carried out heat straightening to steel plate, and the heat straightening temperature is 640 ℃, is incubated to carry out the steel construction heat straightening after 20 minutes, cooling naturally after rectification is finished;
Step 4, the butt welded seam groove is cleared up and grinding process, removes the quench-hardened case of cut surface, till exposing original metal gloss, and polishes root face and groove, has filled up backing plate in the weld groove bottom;
Step 5 is placed the front heating plate in the 75mm zone at least in the weld seam both sides and the reverse side heating plate welds preceding preheating;
Step 6 can be welded when preheat temperature reaches more than 150 ℃, before the welding front heating plate is removed, and the reverse side heating plate of back of weld is as following preheating; In the welding process, interlayer temperature should be controlled in 150 ℃～200 ℃ scopes, and the welding surroundings temperature requirement reaches more than 0 ℃, and the welding surroundings wind speed is when adopting CO 2Require to be not more than 2m/s during gas shielded arc welding, when adopting manual electric arc welding, require to be not more than 8m/s;
Step 7 after welding is finished, is provided with front heating plate and reverse side heating plate immediately again in the commissure, carry out after-baking, and postheat temperature should be controlled at 250～300 ℃, 2 hours after heat time;
Step 8, after after heat was finished, covering and heat insulating insulation slow cooling was to environment temperature in each 500mm scope of weld seam both sides.
In the above-mentioned steps 1, during preheating, with temperature measurer preheat temperature is monitored before the cutting, point for measuring temperature is arranged on each 75mm place, weld seam original edge both sides.
In the above-mentioned steps 2, weld groove is a V-arrangement, and bevel angle is 35 °+5 °, and groove gap is
Figure C200710200608D0005160612QIETU
Mm.
In the above-mentioned steps 3, when adding mechanical external force, adopt flame strip or point-like heating, make plate obtain heat straightening.
In the above-mentioned steps 4, adopt to dig the limit, mill the limit or polishing process butt welded seam groove is cleared up and processed, polishing thickness is not less than 0.5mm.
In the above-mentioned steps 5, preheat temperature control is monitored with infrared radiation thermometer; Temperature measurer is perpendicular to the thermometric surface, and distance must not be greater than 20cm; Monitor at the weldment reverse side under the prerequisite of conditions permit during preheat temperature control, measurement point is being not less than the 75mm place from electric arc through preceding pad all directions.
In the above-mentioned steps 6, in the welding process, monitor with the interlayer temperature of temperature measurer butt welded seam, point for measuring temperature is located at the welding bead starting point, more than welding bead blow-out end 300mm.
In the above-mentioned steps 6, the welding method of multilayer multiple tracks, the thin layer of string(er) bead is adopted in welding, forbid torch swinging in flat, horizontal, overhead welding position, the vertical position welding position CO2 welding gun amplitude of oscillation is not more than 20mm, the manual electric arc welding welding gun amplitude of oscillation is not more than 3d, d is a core diameter, being restricted to of the inclination angle of welding gun ± 30 °, and the per pass throat depth is not more than 5mm; Interlayer is removed welding slag and splash, and butt welded seam carries out the same frequency hammering simultaneously.
In the above-mentioned steps 7, postheat temperature control is monitored with infrared radiation thermometer; When using infrared radiation thermometer, temperature measurer needs perpendicular to the thermometric surface, and distance must not be greater than 20cm, and the postheat temperature point for measuring temperature is located at the welding bead surface.
The present invention compared with prior art has following characteristics and beneficial effect: the present invention selects unique welding condition, weld minimum preheat temperature and be chosen as 150 ℃, the minimum preheat temperature of thermal cutting is chosen as 150 ℃, the heat straightening condition is 640 ℃ * 20 minutes and air cooling, effectively eliminated the stress of similar steel plate welding such as Q460E-Z35, having solved welding work pieces easily cracks, the technical barrier that welding line joint impact flexibility descends, effectively guaranteed the welding quality of the steel plate that 80～165mm is thick, significantly improved the welding work efficiency, the performance indications of its welding work pieces satisfy the requirement of design document and China's earthquake resistant design code, guarantee the smooth implementation of National Stadium Project, reduced the duration risk of engineering construction.
The present invention is directed to similar steel plate welding such as Q460E-Z35, carried out 89 groups of tests altogether from thermal cutting and heat straightening test, welding cold crack sensitivity test and three aspects of rigid joint test.When carrying out the thermal cutting test, adopt the Flame-cutter skill, carry out 4 groups of tests altogether.Result of the test shows, when sheet material adopts thermal cutting technology, needs to carry out preheating with the preheat temperature that is higher than 150 ℃ before cutting, and digs (milling) limit measure after adopting thermal cutting.When carrying out the heat straightening experimental study,, determine that the heat straightening condition is: 640 ℃ * 20 minutes and air cooling according to groping of test of many times.When carrying out the welding cold crack sensitivity experimental study, the present invention studies in the face of the sensitiveness of the welding cold cracking of Q460E-Z35 steel from welding continuous cools tissue transformation diagram, heat affected area maximum hardness test, groove welding crack test and welding cold cracking implant test four directions, has carried out 71 groups of tests altogether.According to the sweating heat analog reslt, made the continuous cools tissue transformation diagram of Q460E-Z35 steel, cooling curve is referring to Fig. 9, organization chart referring to Figure 10, performance map referring to Figure 11.
Welding heat affected zone (HAZ) maximum hardness test method is mainly evaluated the cold crack sensitiveness of steel with the tendency of hardenability of measuring welding heat affected zone.According to the needs of National Stadium structural steelwork actual welding, the present invention has adopted manual electric arc welding and two kinds of welding methods of CO2 gas shielded arc welding respectively, has carried out 21 groups of tests altogether.Result of the test shows, the welding down of conventional sweating heat input normal temperature, and close heat affected area and welding heat affected zone maximum hardness are all above standard higher limit (350HV10); Drop to below 350 when preheat temperature is higher than the maximum hardness that the welding heat affected area reaches near the position, heat affected area after 150 ℃, can satisfy the relevant requirements of standard.
Groove welding crack test mainly is the tendentiousness that evaluation welding heat affected zone and weld metal produce cold crack.Needs according to National Stadium structural steelwork actual welding; the present invention has adopted in test stick electrode arc welding and two kinds of welding methods of CO2 gas shielded arc welding respectively; study from the groove welding crack test and low temperature environment groove welding crack test three aspects of the cracking test of normal temperature groove, different thicknesss of slab, carried out 11 groups of tests altogether.Result of the test shows, these steel are when selected wlding coupling, and no matter the positive temperature environment minimum preheat temperature that still to be subzero temperature environment (16 ℃) and different thickness of slab do not crack is 150 ℃, and must reach preheat temperature in the thickness direction equilibrium.
Carry out according to the actual needs of engineering and the pertinent regulations of country during the test of latch cold crack, adopt manual electric arc welding, having carried out preheat temperature altogether is 150 ℃, 200 ℃ and 250 ℃ three groups tests.Result of the test shows that with the increase of preheat temperature, fracture strength is linear to be increased.Preheat temperature is high more, and critical fracture strength is bigger.More than 150 ℃, the fracture strength of homemade Q460E-Z35 steel is all greater than yield strength in preheating.
According to above-mentioned result of the test, during Q460E-Z35 thick plates of the present invention should with 150 ℃ be minimum preheat temperature fully and balanced preheating, and select the good wlding of cold-crack resistance to construct.When carrying out the rigid joint experimental study, divide steel rigid joint test of the same race and dissimilar steel rigid joint to test two aspects and study.When steel rigid joint of the same race is tested, divide manual arc welding, CO at Q460E-Z+Q460E-Z35 26 groups of tests have been carried out in gas shielded arc welding (drug-containing core welding wire and solid core welding wire) and Lincoln weld altogether.During dissimilar steel rigid joint test, divide manual arc welding, CO at Q345GJD+Q460E, Q460E+GS-20Mn5V 2Gas shielded arc welding (drug-containing core welding wire and solid core welding wire) has carried out 7 groups of tests altogether.Result of the test shows, the welding procedure that the present invention draws, and the mechanical property of the rigid joint of Q460E-Z35 slab steel of the same race and dissimilar steel can meet the relevant requirements of standard and design.Be applicable to similar steel plate welding and heat processing techniques such as Q460E-Z35 slab.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of step 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of step 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of step 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of step 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of step 5 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of step 6 of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of step 7 of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of step 8 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the continuous cooling curve figure of Q460E-Z35 steel.
Figure 10 is connective tissue's transformation diagram of Q460E-Z35 steel.
Figure 11 is the continuous performance transition curve figure of Q460E-Z35 steel.
1-steel plate, 2-another steel plate, 3-line of cut, 4-weld groove, 5-cutting machine, 6-front heating plate, 7-reverse side heating plate, 8-backing plate, 9-insulation quilt, 10-scolder, 11-workbench, 12-heater wire, 13-cushion block, 14-mechanical external force.
(5) specific embodiment
Embodiment is welded as example with the Q460E-Z35 steel plate, and the step of this steel plate hot-working and welding method is as follows:
Step 1 respectively adopts front heating plate 6 and reverse side heating plate 7 to cut preceding preheating in the zone of 75mm referring to Fig. 1 in line of cut 3 both sides of 80～165mm steel plate at least, and preheat temperature will reach more than 150 ℃; During preheating, with temperature measurer preheat temperature is monitored, point for measuring temperature is arranged on each 75mm place, weld seam original edge both sides.
Step 2, adopts cutting machine 5 to carry out the steel plate cutting, and cuts out weld groove 4 with flame cutter on steel plate when preheat temperature reaches more than 150 ℃ referring to Fig. 2; Weld groove is oblique Y shape or V-arrangement, and bevel angle is 35 °～40 °, and groove gap is 6～11mm.
Step 3 is referring to Fig. 3, after the cutting of steel plate weld groove finishes, steel plate is carried out heat straightening, in the steel plate bottom cushion block 13 is set, adopts flame strip or point-like heating when adding mechanical external force 14, heater wire 12 as shown in the figure, the heat straightening temperature is 640 ℃, be incubated and carry out the steel construction heat straightening after 20 minutes, cooling naturally after rectification is finished makes plate obtain correcting.
Step 4 is referring to Fig. 4, adopts and digs the limit, mills the limit or polishing process butt welded seam groove 4 is cleared up and processed, and removes the quench-hardened case of cut surface, till exposing original metal gloss, and polishing root face and groove, polishing thickness is not less than 0.5mm, at weld groove bottom backing plate 8.
Step 5 is referring to Fig. 5, places front heating plate 6 in the 75mm zone at least in the weld seam both sides and reverse side heating plate 7 welds preceding preheating.In the welding process, monitor with the interlayer temperature of temperature measurer butt welded seam, point for measuring temperature is located at the welding bead starting point, more than welding bead blow-out end 300mm.The welding method of multilayer multiple tracks, the thin layer of string(er) bead is adopted in welding, forbids torch swinging, vertical position welding position CO in flat, horizontal, overhead welding position 2The welding gun amplitude of oscillation is not more than 20mm, and the manual electric arc welding welding gun amplitude of oscillation is not more than 3d, and d is a core diameter, being restricted to of the inclination angle of welding gun ± 30 °, and the per pass throat depth is not more than 5mm; Interlayer is removed welding slag and splash, and butt welded seam carries out the same frequency hammering simultaneously.In the above-mentioned steps 5, preheat temperature control is monitored with infrared radiation thermometer; Temperature measurer is perpendicular to the thermometric surface, and distance must not be greater than 20cm; Monitor at the weldment reverse side under the prerequisite of conditions permit during preheat temperature control, measurement point is being not less than the 75mm place from electric arc through preceding pad all directions.
Step 6 can be welded when preheat temperature reaches more than 150 ℃ referring to Fig. 6, before the welding front heating plate 6 is removed, and the reverse side heating plate 7 of back of weld is as following preheating; In the welding process, interlayer temperature should be controlled in 150 ℃～200 ℃ scopes, and the welding surroundings temperature requirement reaches more than 0 ℃, and the welding surroundings wind speed is when adopting CO 2Require to be not more than 2m/s during gas shielded arc welding, when adopting manual electric arc welding, require to be not more than 8m/s.Interlayer temperature with the temperature measurer butt welded seam is monitored, and point for measuring temperature is located at the welding bead starting point, more than welding bead blow-out end 300mm.The welding method of multilayer multiple tracks, the thin layer of string(er) bead is adopted in welding, forbids torch swinging in flat, horizontal, overhead welding position, and the vertical position welding position welding gun amplitude of oscillation is not more than 20mm, and every layer thickness is not more than 5mm; Interlayer is removed welding slag and splash, and butt welded seam carries out the same frequency hammering simultaneously.
Step 7 after welding is finished, is provided with front heating plate 6 and reverse side heating plate 7 referring to Fig. 7 immediately again in the commissure, carry out after-baking, and postheat temperature should be controlled at 250～300 ℃, 2 hours after heat time.Postheat temperature control is monitored with infrared radiation thermometer; When using infrared radiation thermometer, temperature measurer needs perpendicular to the thermometric surface, and distance must not be greater than 20cm, and the postheat temperature point for measuring temperature is located at the welding bead surface.
Step 8 is referring to Fig. 8, and covering and heat insulating was by 9 in each 500mm scope of weld seam both sides after after heat was finished, and the insulation slow cooling is to environment temperature.
Technical parameter: yield strength 〉=400MPa; Tensile strength 550 ~ 720MPa; Percentage elongation δ 5〉=20%; Weld seam-40 ° C; Impact flexibility A KV〉=34J, heat affected area-40 ° C impact flexibility A KV〉=27J; And have good anti-lamellar tearing performance, satisfy the Z35 requirement.

Claims (9)

  1. [claim 1] a kind of steel plate hot-working and welding method, described welding method adopts CO 2Gas shielded arc welding and manual electric arc welding is characterized in that step is as follows:
    Step 1 respectively adopts front heating plate and reverse side heating plate to cut preceding preheating in the zone of 75mm in the line of cut both sides of 80～165mm steel plate at least, and preheat temperature will reach more than 150 ℃;
    Step 2 when preheat temperature reaches more than 150 ℃, adopts cutting machine to carry out the steel plate cutting, and cuts out weld groove with flame cutter on steel plate;
    Step 3 after the cutting of steel plate weld groove finishes, is carried out heat straightening to steel plate, and the heat straightening temperature is 640 ℃, is incubated to carry out the steel construction heat straightening after 20 minutes, cooling naturally after rectification is finished;
    Step 4, the butt welded seam groove is cleared up and grinding process, removes the quench-hardened case of cut surface, till exposing original metal gloss, and polishes root face and groove, has filled up backing plate in the weld groove bottom;
    Step 5 is placed the front heating plate in the 75mm zone at least in the weld seam both sides and the reverse side heating plate welds preceding preheating;
    Step 6 can be welded when preheat temperature reaches more than 150 ℃, before the welding front heating plate is removed, and the reverse side heating plate of back of weld is as following preheating; In the welding process, interlayer temperature should be controlled in 150 ℃～200 ℃ scopes, and the welding surroundings temperature requirement reaches more than 0 ℃, and the welding surroundings wind speed requires to be not more than 2m/s when adopting the CO2 gas shielded arc welding, requires to be not more than 8m/s when adopting manual electric arc welding;
    Step 7 after welding is finished, is provided with front heating plate and reverse side heating plate immediately again in the commissure, carry out after-baking, and postheat temperature should be controlled at 250～300 ℃, 2 hours after heat time;
    Step 8, after after heat was finished, covering and heat insulating insulation slow cooling was to environment temperature in each 500mm scope of weld seam both sides.
  2. [claim 2] steel plate hot-working according to claim 1 and welding method is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned steps 1, during preheating, with temperature measurer preheat temperature is monitored before the cutting, point for measuring temperature is arranged on each 75mm place, weld seam original edge both sides.
  3. [claim 3] steel plate hot-working according to claim 1 and welding method is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned steps 2, weld groove is a V-arrangement, and bevel angle is 35 °+5 °, and groove gap is
    Figure C200710200608C0002162541QIETU
    Mm.
  4. [claim 4] steel plate hot-working according to claim 1 and welding method is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned steps 3, adopt flame strip or point-like heating when adding mechanical external force, make plate obtain heat straightening.
  5. [claim 5] steel plate hot-working according to claim 1 and welding method is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned steps 4, adopt to dig the limit, mill the limit or polishing process butt welded seam groove is cleared up and processed, polishing thickness is not less than 0.5mm.
  6. [claim 6] steel plate hot-working according to claim 1 and welding method is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned steps 5, preheat temperature control is monitored with infrared radiation thermometer; Temperature measurer is perpendicular to the thermometric surface, and distance must not be greater than 20cm; In the monitoring of weldment reverse side, measurement point is being not less than the 75mm place from electric arc through preceding pad all directions during preheat temperature control.
  7. [claim 7] steel plate hot-working according to claim 1 and welding method, it is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned steps 6, in the welding process, monitor with the interlayer temperature of temperature measurer butt welded seam, point for measuring temperature is located at the welding bead starting point, more than welding bead blow-out end 300mm.
  8. [claim 8] steel plate hot-working according to claim 1 and welding method is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned steps 6, the welding method of multilayer multiple tracks, the thin layer of string(er) bead is adopted in welding, forbids torch swinging, vertical position welding position CO in flat, horizontal, overhead welding position 2The welding gun amplitude of oscillation is not more than 20mm, and the manual electric arc welding welding gun amplitude of oscillation is not more than 3d, and d is a core diameter, being restricted to of the inclination angle of welding gun ± 30 °, and the per pass throat depth is not more than 5mm; Interlayer is removed welding slag and splash, and butt welded seam carries out the same frequency hammering simultaneously.
  9. [claim 9] steel plate hot-working according to claim 1 and welding method is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned steps 7, postheat temperature control is monitored with infrared radiation thermometer; When using infrared radiation thermometer, temperature measurer needs perpendicular to the thermometric surface, and distance must not be greater than 20cm, and the postheat temperature point for measuring temperature is located at the welding bead surface.
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GB1223404A (en) * 1969-01-20 1971-02-24 Nooter Corp Method of joining clad material and joint
US3757079A (en) * 1971-07-02 1973-09-04 Inter Probe Low current electrostatic cooling method and apparatus for electric arc welding utilizing high voltage
US4715524A (en) * 1986-02-13 1987-12-29 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Assembly of parts to be formed into a T-joint weld

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1223404A (en) * 1969-01-20 1971-02-24 Nooter Corp Method of joining clad material and joint
US3757079A (en) * 1971-07-02 1973-09-04 Inter Probe Low current electrostatic cooling method and apparatus for electric arc welding utilizing high voltage
US4715524A (en) * 1986-02-13 1987-12-29 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Assembly of parts to be formed into a T-joint weld

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