CN100482293C - Slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule - Google Patents
Slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule Download PDFInfo
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- CN100482293C CN100482293C CNB2006100953084A CN200610095308A CN100482293C CN 100482293 C CN100482293 C CN 100482293C CN B2006100953084 A CNB2006100953084 A CN B2006100953084A CN 200610095308 A CN200610095308 A CN 200610095308A CN 100482293 C CN100482293 C CN 100482293C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- manhole
- controlled electronic
- slow release
- protrusion means
- medicine label
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M31/00—Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
- A61M31/002—Devices for releasing a drug at a continuous and controlled rate for a prolonged period of time
Abstract
A remotely controlled slow-releasing electronic capsule for releasing medicine, food or making substance in digestive tract is composed of casing, remotely controlled driver, slow-releasing channel of medicine and a medicine tablet core with a conic or cylindrical boss at its one end. Under the drive of said driver, said boss on medicine tablet can move forward to open the medicine releasing channel for slowly releasing the medicine.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule, particularly a kind of device that discharges medicine in digestive tract is used for putting material at the digestive tract remote control slow release of animal or human's body, as medicine, food, label etc.
Background technology:
Remote controlled electronic capsule is a kind of drug delivery system based on the micromechanics electronic technology, can be by external remote control, and the control medicine has excellent application value in gastral release time and off-position aspect clinical treatment, the medicine digestive tract Absorption Study.In Chinese patent CN200410040809.3, among the ZL02128141.6, the scheme of remote controlled electronic capsule is all disclosed, but such scheme all can only disposablely be gone into digestive tract with the medicine rapid release, the problem that this release mode exists is: disposable drug release is gone in the digestive tract, the medicine fast Absorption, form the drug absorption peak easily, the blood substance concentration that this raises suddenly, be easy to generate side effect, for obtaining good therapeutic effect, a lasting metastable drug release rate is very important.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule with slow-release function is provided, when having external distant control function, realize that medicine discharges with speed comparatively slowly in digestive tract.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule, comprise capsule shell, the remote control driving mechanism, the drug release passage mechanism, comprise a solid drugs label in the described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule, this medicine label has comprised medicine to be discharged, the surface of one end of medicine label has the protrusion means of at least one cylinder bodily form or cone shape, protrusion means is water-soluble material or is made with medicine label identical materials, described protrusion means is right against the drug release passage mechanism, channel diameter after the drug release passage mechanism is opened is greater than the diameter of protrusion means, the medicine label is done as a wholely can not pass through the drug release passage mechanism, after the remote control driving mechanism receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce a driving force, driving force puts on the medicine label, the medicine label is to the end motion with drug release passage mechanism, and protrusion means is opened the drug release passage mechanism under the effect of driving force.
Drug release passage mechanism in the technical solution of the present invention can be in following three kinds of schemes any one:
1. an end of the shell of described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule has one or more manhole, the diameter of manhole is between 0.5mm-6mm, the length of through hole is between 0.5mm-5mm, be plugged with sealing-plug in the through hole, sealing-plug constitutes airtight the cooperation with the wall of through hole, the frictional force of sealing-plug and through-hole wall is between 1-5 newton, and sealing-plug and through hole constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule.Has the protrusion means that equates with number of openings on the medicine label, the length of protrusion means is not more than the length of through hole, protrusion means is cylinder or the cone of diameter less than through hole, and the protrusion means on the medicine label is over against through hole and dead in line, after the remote control driving mechanism receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce driving force, driving force puts on the medicine label, and the medicine label moves to through hole end, and protrusion means is inserted through hole, and with the sealing-plug release, thereby open passage mechanism.
2. on the end of the shell of described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule one or more manhole is arranged, the diameter of manhole is between 0.5mm-6mm, the length of through hole is between 0.5mm-5mm, the inner surface that the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule shell has manhole one end is fixed with the diaphragm seal of thickness less than 0.3mm, diaphragm seal constitutes airtight the cooperation with through hole, diaphragm seal and through hole constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule, protrusion means on the medicine label is the cylinder of diameter less than through hole, perhaps cone, protrusion means on the medicine label is over against through hole and dead in line, after the remote control driving mechanism receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce a driving force, driving force puts on the medicine label, the medicine label moves to through hole end, protrusion means is inserted through hole, puncture diaphragm seal, thereby open passage mechanism.
3. on the end of the shell of described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule one or more manhole is arranged, the diameter of manhole is between 0.5mm-6mm, the length of through hole is between 0.5mm-5mm, the inner surface that the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule shell has manhole one end is fixed with the diaphragm seal of thickness less than 0.3mm, diaphragm seal constitutes airtight the cooperation with through hole, be plugged with sealing-plug in the through hole, sealing-plug constitutes airtight the cooperation with the wall of through hole, the frictional force of sealing-plug and through-hole wall is between 1-5 newton, diaphragm seal, sealing-plug constitutes the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule with through hole, protrusion means on the medicine label is the cylinder of diameter less than through hole, perhaps cone, protrusion means on the medicine label is over against through hole and dead in line, after the remote control driving mechanism receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce a driving force, driving force puts on the medicine label, the medicine label moves to through hole end, protrusion means is inserted through hole, puncture diaphragm seal, and with the sealing-plug release, thereby open passage mechanism.
Work process of the present invention and principle are: described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule is swallowed and is entered after the digestive tract, user is by methods such as location tracking or Time Calculation, determine when the triggering electronic capsule, after user sends drug release remote controlled signal, after remote control driving mechanism in the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce a driving force, be generally the spring that discharges a compression, driving force puts on the medicine label, the medicine label is to an end motion, protrusion means is opened the drug release passage mechanism under the effect of driving force, for example sealing-plug is pushed away shell, perhaps diaphragm seal is punctured, protrusion means contacts with digestive tract, protrusion means is dissolved by digestive tract liquid gradually, subsequently, the medicine label communicates with digestive tract by the drug release passage mechanism, the medicine label dissolves gradually, because the medicine of medicine label disintegrate can only communicate with digestive tract by through hole, size by the control through hole, as control the diameter and the length of through hole, thereby can form the medicament slow release of different rates of release.
The present invention compared with prior art has following technique effect:
1, has slow-release function.The present invention not only possesses external drug release remote controlled function, can also realize the slow release of medicine simultaneously, realizes drug level more stably.
2, structure is simplified, and is easy to produce in batches.The present invention has realized the medicament slow release function by the modular design of medicine label and drug release passage mechanism by simple structure, has good practicality, is easy to produce in batches.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the composition sketch map of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the composition sketch map with slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of plug construction.
Fig. 3 is that the drug release passage mechanism with slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of plug construction is opened sketch map.
Fig. 4 is the drug release process sketch map with slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of plug construction.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation after medicine with slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of plug construction discharges fully.
Fig. 6 is the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule structural representation with two protrusion means.
Fig. 7 is the composition sketch map with slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of seal diaphragm structure.
Fig. 8 is that the drug release passage mechanism with slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of seal diaphragm structure is opened sketch map.
Fig. 9 is the drug release process sketch map with slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of seal diaphragm structure.
Figure 10 is the structural representation after medicine with slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of seal diaphragm structure discharges fully.
Figure 11 is the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule structural representation with three protrusion means.
Figure 12 is the composition sketch map that has the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of diaphragm seal and plug construction simultaneously.
Figure 13 is the directly oral drug level time plot of going in the beasle dog digestive tract of medicine label.
Figure 14 is the drug level time plot of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule in the beasle dog digestive tract.
In Fig. 1 to Figure 14:
1-capsule shell, 2-remote control driving mechanism, 3-medicine label, 4-protrusion means, 5-through hole,
6-sealing-plug, 7-battery, 8-circuit module, 9-heating resistor, 10-nylon wire,
The 11-spring, 12-drive plate, 13-driving mechanism shell, 14-intestinal, 15-diaphragm seal.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
The slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of present embodiment, comprise capsule shell 1, remote control driving mechanism 2, one end of capsule shell 1 has the through hole 5 of a circle, and the diameter of through hole 5 is 3mm, and the length of through hole 5 is 2mm, be plugged with sealing-plug 6 in the through hole, sealing-plug 6 constitutes airtight the cooperation with the wall of through hole 5, and sealing-plug 6 is 3 newton with the frictional force of through hole 5, and sealing-plug 6 and through hole 5 constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsules.The manufactured materials of capsule shell 1 is the Merlon with good biocompatibility, and the manufactured materials of sealing-plug 6 is the silicone rubber with good biocompatibility.
Slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule in the present embodiment comprises a solid drugs label 3, medicine label 3 is the cylinder of diameter 8mm, this medicine label 3 has comprised medicine to be discharged, the surface of one end of medicine label 3 has a protrusion means 4, protrusion means 4 is made for water-soluble material or with medicine label identical materials, the diameter of described protrusion means 4 maximums is 2mm, is right against through hole 5.
Protrusion means 4 at first contacts with digestive tract liquid, because protrusion means 4 is made for water-soluble material or with medicine label 3 identical materials, so protrusion means 4 disintegrate gradually, dissolve, after protrusion means 4 disintegrates, medicine label 3 communicates by through hole 5 and digestive tract liquid, and disintegrate gradually, medicine is discharged in the digestive tract by through hole 5 gradually, because the pressure effect of spring 11, medicine label 3 keeps relatively-stationary position relation with through hole 5 all the time, thereby obtains comparatively stable drug release rate.
Fig. 2 has provided the structural representation of present embodiment before drug release.
Fig. 3 is that the drug release passage mechanism that has provided present embodiment is opened sketch map.
Fig. 4 is the drug release process sketch map of present embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation after the medicine of the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of present embodiment discharges fully, can find out among the figure, after medicine discharges fully, drive plate 12 is under the effect of spring 11, with through hole 5 sealings, prevent that digestive tract liquid from entering capsule, avoids the electronic devices and components of digestive tract liquid corrosion capsule.In the present embodiment, drive plate 12 is made for the silicone rubber with good biocompatibility, and thickness is 2mm, and diameter is 6mm, in the design, must guarantee the diameter of the diameter of drive plate 12 greater than through hole 5, to guarantee good sealing.
In order to verify the actual effect of embodiment, carried out serial contrast test.For the slow release effect that the structural design of verifying present embodiment produces, in the test, the medicine label has adopted 400mg aminophylline powder compaction to form, and does not wherein add any other adjuvant.Battery of tests is the medicine label that adopts 12 400mg, and directly per os is sent into the digestive tract of 12 beasle dogs, according to the pharmacokinetics flow process of standard, gathers animal blood, obtains average drug level time graph, as shown in figure 13.Battery of tests is the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule that adopts present embodiment in addition, the medicine label is packaged in the electronic capsule, utilize conduit electronic capsule to be sent in the digestive tract of 12 beasle dogs, then by external remote control drug release, obtain average drug level time graph, as shown in figure 14.Two groups of data contrasts as can be known, direct oral aminophylline medicine label, medicine is being swallowed between back 2-4 hour, there is tangible drug level peak value, be to decay fast then, and utilize the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of present embodiment that drug concentrations changes mild relatively, still had suitable drug level later at 18 hours, illustrated that present embodiment has the effect of medicament slow release.Test has illustrated that simultaneously the reason of the slow release effect of medicine is the design of the drug release passage mechanism of present embodiment, rather than the slow release effect of medicine label itself, can infer with this, for other drug, also has similar effects, if the user can obtain desired drug release effect by the structure and composition design of further medicine label.
Embodiment 2:
The primary structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, difference is: an end of capsule shell 1 has the through hole 5 of 2 circles, the diameter of through hole 5 is 2mm, the length of through hole 5 is 2mm, be plugged with sealing-plug 6 respectively in two through holes 5, sealing-plug 6 constitutes airtight the cooperation with the wall of through hole 5, and the frictional force of sealing-plug 6 and through hole 5 is between the 2-3 newton, and sealing-plug 6 and through hole 5 constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsules.The surface of one end of the medicine label 3 in the present embodiment has two protrusion means 4, protrusion means 4 is made for water-soluble material or with medicine label identical materials, the diameter of described protrusion means 4 maximums is 1.5mm, respectively over against being right against two through holes 5.
Fig. 6 has provided the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule structural representation of present embodiment.
Embodiment 3:
The slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of present embodiment, comprise capsule shell 1, remote control driving mechanism 2, one end of capsule shell 1 has the through hole 5 of a circle, the diameter of through hole 5 is 4mm, and the length of through hole 5 is 3mm, and the inner surface of through hole 5 is fixed with the diaphragm seal 15 that thickness is 0.2mm, diaphragm seal 15 constitutes airtight the cooperation with through hole 5, and diaphragm seal 15 and through hole 5 constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsules.The manufactured materials of capsule shell 1 is the Merlon with good biocompatibility, the silicon rubber film of diaphragm seal 15 for having better elastic.
Slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule in the present embodiment comprises a solid drugs label 3, medicine label 3 is the cylinder of diameter 8mm, this medicine label 3 has comprised medicine to be discharged, the surface of one end of medicine label 3 has a protrusion means 4, protrusion means 4 is made for water-soluble material or with medicine label identical materials, the diameter of described protrusion means 4 maximums is 3mm, is right against through hole 5.
Protrusion means 4 at first contacts with digestive tract liquid, because protrusion means 4 is made for water-soluble material or with medicine label 3 identical materials, so protrusion means 4 disintegrate gradually, dissolve, after protrusion means 4 disintegrates, medicine label 3 communicates by through hole 5 and digestive tract liquid, and disintegrate gradually, medicine is discharged in the digestive tract by through hole 5 gradually, because the pressure effect of spring 11, medicine label 3 keeps relatively-stationary position relation with through hole 5 all the time, thereby obtains comparatively stable drug release rate.
Fig. 7 has provided the structural representation of present embodiment before drug release.
Fig. 8 is that the drug release passage mechanism that has provided present embodiment is opened sketch map.
Fig. 9 is the drug release process sketch map of present embodiment.
Figure 10 is the structural representation after the medicine of the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule of present embodiment discharges fully, can find out among the figure, after medicine discharges fully, drive plate 12 is under the effect of spring 11, with through hole 5 sealings, prevent that digestive tract liquid from entering capsule, avoids the electronic devices and components of digestive tract liquid corrosion capsule.
Embodiment 4:
The primary structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 3, difference is: an end of capsule shell 1 has the through hole 5 of 3 circles, the diameter of through hole 5 is 1.5mm, the length of through hole 5 is 1.5mm, the inner surface of through hole 5 is fixed with the diaphragm seal 15 that thickness is 0.1mm, diaphragm seal 15 constitutes airtight the cooperation with through hole 5, the drug release passage mechanism of diaphragm seal 15 and three through hole 5 formation slow release type remote controlled electronic capsules.
The surface of one end of the medicine label 3 among the wood embodiment has three protrusion means 4, protrusion means 4 is made for water-soluble material or with medicine label identical materials, the diameter of described protrusion means 4 maximums is 1mm, respectively over against being right against three through holes 5.
Figure 11 has provided the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule structural representation of present embodiment.
Embodiment 5:
The primary structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 3, difference is: also be plugged with sealing-plug 6 in the through hole 5, sealing-plug 6 constitutes airtight the cooperation with the wall of through hole 5, the frictional force of sealing-plug 6 and through hole 5 is between the 2-3 newton, and diaphragm seal 15, sealing-plug 6 constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule with through hole 5.
Figure 12 has provided the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule structural representation of present embodiment.Diaphragm seal 15, sealing-plug 6 constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule with through hole 5, have increased the reliability of sealing.
Claims (4)
1. slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule, comprise capsule shell, the remote control driving mechanism, the drug release passage mechanism, it is characterized in that described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule comprises a solid drugs label, this medicine label has comprised medicine to be discharged, the surface of one end of medicine label has the protrusion means of at least one cylinder bodily form or cone shape, protrusion means is water-soluble material or is made with medicine label identical materials, described protrusion means is right against the drug release passage mechanism, channel diameter after the drug release passage mechanism is opened is greater than the diameter of protrusion means, the medicine label is done as a wholely can not pass through the drug release passage mechanism, after the remote control driving mechanism receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce a driving force, driving force puts on the medicine label, the medicine label is to the end motion with drug release passage mechanism, and protrusion means is opened the drug release passage mechanism under the effect of driving force.
2. slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule according to claim 1, an end that it is characterized in that the shell of described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule has one or more manhole, the diameter of manhole is between 0.5mm-6mm, the length of manhole is between 0.5mm-5mm, be plugged with sealing-plug in the manhole, sealing-plug constitutes airtight the cooperation with the wall of manhole, the frictional force of sealing-plug and manhole wall is between 1-5 newton, sealing-plug and manhole constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule, has the protrusion means that equates with manhole quantity on the medicine label, the length of protrusion means is not more than the length of manhole, protrusion means is the cylinder of diameter less than manhole, perhaps cone, protrusion means on the medicine label is over against manhole and dead in line, after the remote control driving mechanism receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce driving force, driving force puts on the medicine label, the medicine label is to the manhole end motion, protrusion means is inserted manhole, and with the sealing-plug release, thereby open passage mechanism.
3. slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the end of shell of described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule one or more manhole being arranged, the diameter of manhole is between 0.5mm-6mm, the length of manhole is between 0.5mm-5mm, the inner surface that the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule shell has manhole one end is fixed with the diaphragm seal of thickness less than 0.3mm, diaphragm seal constitutes airtight the cooperation with manhole, diaphragm seal and manhole constitute the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule, protrusion means on the medicine label is the cylinder of diameter less than manhole, perhaps cone, protrusion means on the medicine label is over against manhole and dead in line, after the remote control driving mechanism receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce a driving force, driving force puts on the medicine label, the medicine label is to the manhole end motion, protrusion means is inserted manhole, punctures diaphragm seal, thereby opens passage mechanism.
4. slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the end of shell of described slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule one or more manhole being arranged, the diameter of manhole is between 0.5mm-6mm, the length of manhole is between 0.5mm-5mm, the inner surface that the slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule shell has manhole one end is fixed with the diaphragm seal of thickness less than 0.3mm, diaphragm seal constitutes airtight the cooperation with manhole, be plugged with sealing-plug in the manhole, sealing-plug constitutes airtight the cooperation with the wall of manhole, the frictional force of sealing-plug and manhole wall is between 1-5 newton, diaphragm seal, sealing-plug constitutes the drug release passage mechanism of slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule with manhole, protrusion means on the medicine label is the cylinder of diameter less than manhole, perhaps cone, protrusion means on the medicine label is over against manhole and dead in line, after the remote control driving mechanism receives the remote signal of sending in the external world, produce a driving force, driving force puts on the medicine label, the medicine label is to the manhole end motion, protrusion means is inserted manhole, puncture diaphragm seal, and with the sealing-plug release, thereby open passage mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100953084A CN100482293C (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2006-12-19 | Slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100953084A CN100482293C (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2006-12-19 | Slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN100998904A CN100998904A (en) | 2007-07-18 |
| CN100482293C true CN100482293C (en) | 2009-04-29 |
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| CNB2006100953084A Expired - Fee Related CN100482293C (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2006-12-19 | Slow release type remote controlled electronic capsule |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150064241A1 (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-05 | Google Inc. | Delivery of Functionalized Particles |
| CN106730284A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 上海理工大学 | Microcapsules formula gastrointestinal drug discharges system |
| US11541015B2 (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2023-01-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Self-righting systems, methods, and related components |
| EP3624778A4 (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2021-03-10 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Self-righting articles |
| WO2019222570A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-21 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Systems for electrical stimulation |
| KR20210111258A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2021-09-10 | 바이브런트 리미티드 | Devices and methods for delivering an ingestible medicament into the gastrointestinal tract of a user |
| JP2022523121A (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2022-04-21 | マサチューセッツ インスティテュート オブ テクノロジー | Systems and methods for liquid injection |
| US11541216B2 (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2023-01-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Methods for manufacturing tissue interfacing components |
| CN111771749B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-02-22 | 张守明 | Animal husbandry ear tag that animal doctor used |
| CN113545734B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉大学 | Magnetic control dual-drive medicine applying capsule robot |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4312347A (en) * | 1980-02-25 | 1982-01-26 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Positive pressure drug releasing device |
-
2006
- 2006-12-19 CN CNB2006100953084A patent/CN100482293C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4312347A (en) * | 1980-02-25 | 1982-01-26 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Positive pressure drug releasing device |
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