CN100473531C - Liquid discharging apparatus and liquid discharging method - Google Patents
Liquid discharging apparatus and liquid discharging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100473531C CN100473531C CNB2006100066606A CN200610006660A CN100473531C CN 100473531 C CN100473531 C CN 100473531C CN B2006100066606 A CNB2006100066606 A CN B2006100066606A CN 200610006660 A CN200610006660 A CN 200610006660A CN 100473531 C CN100473531 C CN 100473531C
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Abstract
In a liquid discharging method for discharging droplets from a plurality of droplet discharging portions of a liquid discharging head, an actual pattern is created to indicate the discharging states of the droplets from the liquid discharging portions, and information about a defective liquid discharging portion having discharging failure is obtained by checking the discharging states. According to the information, the defective liquid discharging portion is prohibited form discharging, and discharging of droplets from a liquid discharging portion near the defective liquid discharging portion is controlled to reduce the influence of discharging failure of the defective discharging portion, and to correct image information on a recording medium.
Description
The application is that the application number of submitting on September 30th, 2003 is 03164815.0, and denomination of invention is divided an application for the application of " liquid discharge device and fluid discharge method ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid discharge apparatus and a kind of fluid discharge method of using this with a stature, described head has a plurality of fluid discharge positions that are provided with along specific direction, and each fluid discharge position has a nozzle.
Background technology
Ink-jet printer is a kind of known liquid discharge apparatus.One type ink-jet printer is a kind of serial printer, wherein makes head in horizontal the moving of recording medium, and to recording medium discharging ink droplet, recording medium moves along throughput direction from described head.The ink-jet printer of another kind of type is the line printer that has along the line head of the whole width extension of recording medium, wherein only move perpendicular to the direction of this horizontal direction in the recording medium edge, wherein, discharge ink droplet (for example with reference to Japanese unexamined knot patent application NO.2002-36522) from line head to recording medium.
In these ink-jet printers in the employed printhead, when ink droplet is not discharged from any discharging position owing to some reasons, printing ink can not stick on the recording medium with discharging corresponding position, position on, a leukorrhea appears.This has reduced picture quality.In some cases,, ink droplet is discharged from the discharging position but departing from the allowed band direction one, or minimum from the amount of ink of discharging position discharging.These situations have also reduced picture quality.Specifically, owing to the discharging position that described line head is included is more than a described serial included discharging position, the ink emission characteristic variations is more taking place in the wide region.
In described string data head,, utilize the method for a kind of being known as " double exposure " can reduce described variation, the gap between just before being printed a little with overlapping some cross-over connection even some variations appear in the ink emission characteristic in these discharging positions.
On the contrary, because described line head can not move, it can not reprint posting field.For this reason, the variation in the discharging position remains on the direction that the discharging position is set up, and therefore causes significant leukorrhea.
Therefore, in ink-jet printer, regulate so that ink droplet is discharged at all discharging positions of printhead fully.Especially, for example prevent because the obstruction of the venting outlet that the ink droplet drying causes by safeguarding such as cleaning.
Yet, for example in thermal ink jet printers, occur sometimes by safeguarding unvanquishable problem, for example, be used to heat and to discharge the heater of printing ink impaired, be out of order in black chamber.In these cases, because printhead has this discharging position that can not be repaired, ink droplet can be discharged in neither one discharging position, and is processed as substandard products.
For example, the appearance possibility when this defective discharging of hypothesis position approximately is 40,000/time, if each printhead has 200 discharging positions, just has a printhead to have a defective discharging position in 200 printheads so.In the case, half such as a plurality of printheads at a plurality of dischargings of having of line head position is defective, for example working as record-paper is the A4 specification, resolution ratio is 600dpi, because for every kind of color is prepared about 5,000 discharging positions, just be that four kinds of colors are prepared 20,000 discharging positions, thereby the product recovery rate of printhead obviously reduce.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to change and proofread and correct, reduce the appearance of leukorrhea, improve print quality according to the emission performance in the fluid discharge position.
In order to overcome the problems referred to above, first aspect present invention provides a kind of method of discharging drop from a plurality of fluid discharge position, and this method may further comprise the steps: from described fluid discharge position relief liquor drench formation-current pattern; By detecting the current pattern of drop discharge state, obtain relevant information with defective fluid discharge position of discharging failure; And the discharging of forbidding described defectiveness fluid discharge position, control is from the drop discharge at the fluid discharge position at close described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
In this method,, can obtain relevant information with defective fluid discharge position of discharging failure by detecting the current pattern of drop discharge state.Be under an embargo from the discharging at described defectiveness fluid discharge position, controlled from drop discharge near the fluid discharge position at described defectiveness fluid discharge position, thus the discharging at discharging position is proofreaied and correct.This has reduced the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.
Second aspect present invention provide a kind of from a plurality of fluid discharge position to recording medium discharging drop and on recording medium the liquid discharge apparatus of shaping image, described equipment comprises the liquid discharge head with fluid discharge position; Be used to control the head driver that this liquid discharge head drives; One graphics processing unit, the view data that the outside is imported converts a driving data that drives liquid discharge head to, and this driving data is sent to head driver; One storage area, be used to store the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position, by detecting the current pattern of a representative from the drop discharge state at fluid discharge position, obtain described information, according to the information that is stored in the relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position in the storage area, by forbidding defectiveness fluid discharge position discharging drop, control is proofreaied and correct the image forming on the recording medium from the discharging at the fluid discharge position at close described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
In the case, detect the current pattern of drop discharge state, the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position is stored in the storage area, and it is according to when forbidding defectiveness fluid discharge position discharging drop from the information at the defectiveness fluid discharge position of storage area, controlled from drop discharge near the fluid discharge position at defectiveness fluid discharge position.This has reduced the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position to picture quality, has therefore improved the product recovery rate of liquid discharge apparatus.
It is a kind of in control drop discharge direction that third aspect present invention provides, discharge the fluid discharge method of drop to recording medium from a plurality of fluid discharge position, described method comprises the steps: the emissions status by tracer liquid discharging drop that discharge at the position, obtains relevant information with defectiveness fluid discharge position of discharging failure; In the control emission direction, forbid that described defectiveness fluid discharge position discharges, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
In this method, obtain the information at relevant defectiveness discharging position, forbid that described defectiveness fluid discharge position discharges, in the control emission direction, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position.This has reduced the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.
The invention fourth aspect provides a kind of and is controlling emission direction and utilizing the amount of droplets of being discharged to change the diameter while of point, form the fluid discharge method of point range or a plurality of points at recording medium from a plurality of fluid discharge position discharging drop, this method comprises the steps: to obtain relevant information with defectiveness fluid discharge position of discharging failure by detecting the emissions status from fluid discharge drop that discharge at the position; Forbid that described defectiveness fluid discharge position discharges, in the control emission direction, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
In this method, obtain the information at relevant defectiveness discharging position, forbid that described defectiveness fluid discharge position discharges, in the control emission direction, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position.This has reduced the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.
Fifth aspect present invention provides a kind of and is controlling emission direction and utilizing the amount of droplets of being discharged to change the diameter while of point, form the fluid discharge method of point range or a plurality of points at recording medium from a plurality of fluid discharge position discharging drop, this method comprises the steps: to obtain relevant information with defectiveness fluid discharge position of discharging failure by detecting the emissions status from fluid discharge drop that discharge at the position; Forbid that described defectiveness fluid discharge position discharges, and produce the new drop discharge signal of the influence of the discharging failure be used to reduce defectiveness fluid discharge position, in according to new drop discharge signal controlling emission direction, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
In this method, obtain the information at relevant defectiveness discharging position, forbid that described defectiveness fluid discharge position discharges, produce new drop discharge signal, be used to reduce the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position, in according to new drop discharge signal controlling emission direction, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position, to change the diameter of point.This has reduced the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.
Sixth aspect present invention provides a kind of and form the liquid discharge apparatus of point range or a plurality of points from a plurality of fluid discharge position to recording medium discharging drop at recording medium in the control emission direction, and described equipment comprises the liquid discharge head with fluid discharge position; The head driver of the driving of control liquid discharge head; One processing unit converts external input signal to drive liquid discharge head drop discharge signal, and this drop discharge signal is sent to head driver; With a storage area, be used to store the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position, by detecting drop discharge state from the fluid discharge position, obtain described information, wherein when controlling emission direction according to the information that is stored in the relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position in the storage area, by forbidding defectiveness fluid discharge position discharging drop, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position, reduce the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.
In the case, detect emissions status, the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position is stored in the storage area from fluid discharge drop that discharge at the position.According to the information that is stored in the relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position in the described storage area, forbid defectiveness fluid discharge position discharging drop, when changing emission direction, discharge drop from the fluid discharge position that is different from described defectiveness fluid discharge position, thereby change the diameter of point.This reduces the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.
It is a kind of at the control emission direction and when utilizing the quantity change spot diameter of discharging drop that seventh aspect present invention provides, form the liquid discharge apparatus of point range or a plurality of points from a plurality of fluid discharge position to recording medium discharging drop at recording medium, described equipment comprises the liquid discharge head with fluid discharge position; Control the head driver of the driving of described liquid discharge head; One processing unit converts external input signal to drive liquid discharge head drop discharge signal, and this drop discharge signal is sent to described head driver; With a storage area, be used to store the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position, by detecting from the emissions status of fluid discharge position discharging drop, obtain described information, wherein controlling emission direction according to the information that is stored in the relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position in the storage area so that when changing the diameter of point, by forbidding defectiveness fluid discharge position discharging drop, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position, reduce the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.
In the case, detect emissions status, the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position is stored in the storage area from fluid discharge drop that discharge at the position.According to the information that is stored in the relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position in the described storage area, forbid defectiveness fluid discharge position discharging drop, when changing emission direction, discharge drop from the fluid discharge position that is different from described defectiveness fluid discharge position, thereby change the diameter of point.This has solved the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position to the formation of point range or a plurality of points.
Eighth aspect present invention provides a kind of and form the liquid discharge apparatus of point range or a plurality of points from a plurality of fluid discharge position to recording medium discharging drop at recording medium in the control emission direction, and described equipment comprises the liquid discharge head with fluid discharge position; Control the head driver of the driving of described liquid discharge head; One processing unit converts external input signal to drive liquid discharge head drop discharge signal, and this drop discharge signal is sent to described head driver; One storage area is used to store the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position, by detecting from the emissions status of fluid discharge position discharging drop, obtains described information; With a discharging adjuster, be used to produce new drop discharge signal, so that reduce the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness discharging position, in according to the diameter of new drop discharge signal controlling emission direction that this discharging adjuster produced with the change point, by forbid this defectiveness fluid discharge position discharging drop according to the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at this defectiveness fluid discharge position, reduce the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.
In this method, obtain the information at relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position, forbid that defectiveness fluid discharge position discharges.Produce new drop discharge signal, so that reduce the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness fluid discharge position.According to new drop discharge signal controlling emission direction so that when changing the diameter of point, from being different from the fluid discharge position discharging drop at described defectiveness fluid discharge position, thereby change the diameter of point.Under the prerequisite of the influence that the discharging that is not subjected to defectiveness fluid discharge position is failed, allow point range or a plurality of point to be formed.
By the introduction of hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiment of the present invention being carried out, other purpose advantages of the present invention, characteristic and advantage will become clear.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is total figure that a demonstration meets the image forming method of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 A and 2B show the explanatory that forms image state by discharging ink droplet from the discharging position of a printhead at recording medium;
To be a demonstration discharge the curve map that concerns between the number of ink droplets that is used for print image and the print point diameter from the discharging position to Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 is the curve map that concerns between the reflection density on a display recording medium surface and the number of ink droplets, by discharging ink droplet from the discharging position, with for example approximately the density of 600dpi print point firmly is printed on the described surface;
Fig. 5 is one and shows that an expression is when the ink droplet explanatory of the current pattern of ink droplet emissions status the during discharge of any discharging position in printhead;
Fig. 6 is the explanatory of an a kind of like this state of demonstration, wherein, discharges amount of ink or the emission point quantity that discharge at the discharging position on one side of position, the formation of correcting image by increasing from defectiveness shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is the explanatory of an a kind of like this state of demonstration, wherein, discharges amount of ink or the emission point quantity that discharge at the discharging position on the both sides, position, the formation of correcting image by increasing from defectiveness shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 8 is the explanatory of an a kind of like this state of demonstration, wherein, alternately increases amount of ink or the emission point quantity that discharges at the discharging position from the defectiveness discharging shown in Figure 5 both sides, position during by each printing delegation, the formation of correcting image;
Fig. 9 is a part of printing checking list, and described printing checking list has been listed the correction type information (image formation signal) that is used to reduce the discharging failure influence of defectiveness discharging position;
Figure 10 is another part of printing checking list, and described printing checking list has been listed the correction type information (image formation signal) that is used to reduce the discharging failure influence of defectiveness discharging position;
Figure 11 is a block diagram that relates to the image forming of image forming method of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the perspective view that the part of the concrete example of the demonstration ink-jet printer that is used as image forming is cut open;
Figure 13 is the side cross-sectional view of an ink-jet printer;
Figure 14 is total figure that a demonstration meets the fluid discharge method of one embodiment of the invention, and wherein when changing emission direction, ink droplet is discharged from from a plurality of dischargings position that is arranged on the printhead;
Figure 15 be a device that is used as direct use fluid discharge method of the present invention ink-jet printer printhead cut open perspective view;
Figure 16 A and 16B are respectively the plan view and the side views of layout that shows the heating resistor of printhead in greater detail;
Figure 17 is one and shows the difference of bubble rise time between Figure 16 A and interior two the independent heating resistors of 16B and the curve map that concerns between the discharging of the ink droplet on directions X angle;
Figure 18 is the difference of bubble rise time between the heating resistor that shows two separation in Figure 16 A and the 16B and the curve map that concerns between the discharging of the ink droplet on Y direction angle;
Figure 19 is a demonstration from the side cross-sectional view that concerns between the ink droplet emission direction of a plurality of nozzles in the nozzle member that is arranged on printhead and the printing paper;
Figure 20 (a) and 20 (b) show a kind of explanatory that forms the state of image by discharging ink droplet from the discharging position of printhead at recording medium;
The curve map that concerns between the diameter of Figure 21 number of ink droplets that to be a demonstration give off from the discharging position and print point;
Figure 22 point that to be a demonstration formed by PNM and be used to discharge ink droplet and form the table that concerns between the discharging position of print point;
Figure 23 is one and has listed the checking list that is produced in order to the new ink droplet discharging signal that reduces the discharging failure influence of discharging position;
Figure 24 is a block diagram that relates to the image forming of fluid discharge method of the present invention;
Figure 25 is an explanatory that shows a kind of state of known inkjet image forming apparatus, does not wherein discharge ink droplet from defectiveness discharging position;
Figure 26 leukorrhea that to be a demonstration formed on recording medium by the defective discharge unit of printhead shown in Figure 25 and the explanatory of black-tape;
Figure 27 is an explanatory that shows a kind of state of another kind of known printhead, wherein forms light-colored part by described defectiveness discharging position on recording medium.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter will introduce the embodiment of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail.
Fig. 1 is the total figure of a demonstration basis corresponding to the fluid discharge method of an embodiment of first aspect present invention.In the fluid discharge method of this embodiment, image will form image on the recording medium on recording medium by being discharged into from the discharge liquid (for example ink droplet) that is arranged on a plurality of fluid discharge position (hereinafter referred discharging position) on the liquid discharge head (hereinafter referred is " printhead ").In the narration below, ink droplet is used as liquid.With reference to figure 1, printhead 1 comprises paper shape nozzle member 2 and is arranged on the discharging position 4 of a plurality of discharge ink droplets 3 on the nozzle member 2.Each discharging position 4 comprises exhaust outlet 5 and the heating element heater 6 that is formed on the nozzle member 2, and this heating element heater is used as driving element, is used for the printing ink in the (not shown) of black chamber is heated and discharges printing ink.Under this state, the discharging position 4 of ink droplet 3 from printhead 1 is discharged on the recording medium P, thereby on recording medium P, forms image.
For the ease of explaining, for example will not use the situation of redness, yellow and black to describe to only using cyan.Maximum ejection quantity is 8 drops, and under the normal condition, every kind of color of each print point is only sprayed 5 drops or still less.As mentioned above, utilize the PNM method, the amount of droplets of a cyan point can from 0 to 8 drop.The amount of ink that is discharged is set to for example 3.5pl.
Under this state, for example shown in Fig. 2 A, when with ink droplet 3 when the discharging position 4 of printhead 1 is discharged on the printing paper that is used as recording medium P, shown in Fig. 2 B, along with the increase of ink droplet 3 quantity, the size of print point 8 increases gradually.
Fig. 3 has shown the relation between amount of droplets and the print point diameter.Just along with amount of droplets is increased to 8 from 1, the print point diameter is increased to about 82 microns from about 38 microns.In the case, shown in Fig. 2 A, discharge four ink droplets, the diameter of print point approximately is 63 microns.
Fig. 4 has shown on amount of droplets and the recording medium P surface and has concerned between the reflection density that print point 8 is printed on the described recording medium P surface securely with the density of for example 600dpi.In the case, when hypothesis for example was 0.07 as the reflection density of the printing paper of recording medium P, along with amount of droplets is increased to 8 from 1, reflection density was increased to about 2.4 from about 0.75.Shown in Fig. 2 A, when 4 ink droplets of discharging, reflection density approximately is 1.8.
On recording medium P, form in the fluid discharge method of image this will be discharged into from the ink droplet 3 at the discharging position 4 of printhead 1 on the recording medium P, at first form a current pattern, its expression forms the emissions status of the ink droplet 3 at regional discharging position 4 from all corresponding to recording medium P epigraph.Just use above-mentioned PNM method discharging ink droplet 3, thereby utilize first print point 8 on recording medium P, to print described current pattern.In the case, when ink droplet 3 normally when being discharged from, as shown in Figure 1, utilizes ink droplet 3 to form current pattern 9 from all discharging positions 4, for example in the scope of the first line L1 to the, ten line L10, print point 8 is printed on the recording medium P securely.
On the contrary as shown in Figure 5, when one in the printhead 4 discharging position 4a can not normally discharge ink droplet 3, ink droplet can not adhere at all or can not stick to fully recording medium P and go up on the position corresponding with this discharging position 4a.Therefore, current pattern 9 ' is printed, and wherein in the scope of the first line L1 to the, ten line L10, forms leukorrhea or light-colored part.Fig. 5 shows a kind of state, does not wherein discharge ink droplet 3 (not discharge opeing state) from defectiveness discharging position 4a.
By detecting emissions status, obtain the information of relevant defectiveness discharging position 4a by current pattern 9 and 9 ' represented ink droplet 3.Just on the basis of current pattern 9 shown in Figure 1, determine that all discharging positions 4 can operate as normal.On the basis of current pattern 9 ' shown in Figure 5, determine a discharging position 4a defectiveness on the contrary, obtain to discharge the type information of amount of ink and emission point quantity such as discharging 4a position, position, from discharging position 4a.The type information of the relevant defectiveness discharging position 4a that is obtained is stored in and is arranged in the printhead 1 that will introduce hereinafter or in the graphics processing unit 11 in the storage area of (Figure 11), or is stored in and is arranged on such as in the storage area in the external control unit of master computer.This information can be stored in some interior storage areas that are arranged in printhead 1, graphics processing unit 11 and the external control unit.
According to type information, forbid defective discharging position 4a discharging ink droplet 3, the discharging position 4b and the 4c discharging ink droplet 3 of 4a both sides, position for example discharged in control from the discharging position of the most close defective discharging position 4a.For example, as shown in Figure 6, be increased from the amount of ink of discharging or the quantity of emission point near the discharging position 4b (or 4c) of defective discharging position 4a.In the case, the information of relevant discharging position 4b (or 4c) is changed according to the original print information of relevant defective discharging position 4a.Just according to defective discharging position 4a with and the discharging position 4b of both sides and the original image shaped signal of 4c, form new image forming signal, reduce the influence of discharging failure, and in response to this image forming signal, discharging ink droplet 3.
More particularly, the type information of relevant defective discharging position 4a is changed, forbid discharging position 4a discharging with expression, the type information of relevant adjacent discharging position 4b (4c) is changed, be increased from the quantity of the ink droplet 3 of adjacent discharging position 4b (4c) discharging to indicate, so that form the diameter also big print point of diameter beguine according to the formed print point 8 of original print information of defective discharging position 4a.Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, increase from the quantity of the ink droplet 3 of discharging near the discharging position 4b of defective discharging position 4a, thereby in the scope of the first line L1 to the, ten line L10, the print point 8b with larger diameter is printed on continuously to be formed on recording medium P and to go up on the side corresponding to the leukorrhea of defective discharging position 4a.The extension of a little bigger 8b covers leukorrhea one side shown in Figure 5, makes described leukorrhea not remarkable, thereby proofreaies and correct the image forming on recording medium P.Therefore, can reduce the influence of the discharging failure of defective discharging position 4a to picture quality, be defective even discharge position 4 when any one, and printhead 1 also can be handled, and can improve the product recovery rate of printhead 1.
In addition, as shown in Figure 7, the amount of ink that discharge from the discharging position 4b and the 4c of discharging 4a both sides, position or the quantity of emission point can be increased.In the case, in the type information that changes according to original print information about discharging position 4b and 4c, print about defective discharging position 4a.
More particularly, about the type information of adjacent discharging position 4b and 4c is changed, so that expression increases from the quantity of the ink droplet 3 that described adjacent discharging position 4b and 4c will be discharged, have the diameter also big print point of diameter beguine according to the formed print point 8 of original print information of discharging position 4a thereby form.Therefore as shown in Figure 7, the ink droplet 3 of accelerating is discharged from discharging position 4b and the 4c of contiguous discharging position 4a, in the scope of the first line L1 to the, ten line L10, have larger-diameter some 8b and 8c and be formed on recording medium P continuously and go up both sides corresponding to the leukorrhea of defective discharging position 4a.The extension of a little bigger 8b and 8c covers the both sides of leukorrhea shown in Figure 5, makes leukorrhea not obvious.Therefore, proofreaied and correct the image forming on recording medium P, can reduce the influence of the discharging failure of defective discharging position 4a picture quality.
In addition, as shown in Figure 8, the amount of ink that will be discharged from the discharging position 4b and the 4c of 4a both sides, defective discharging position or the quantity of emission point can alternately be increased on each bar line of the image that will be formed.In the case, in the type information that changes according to original print information about discharging position 4b and 4c, print about defective discharging position 4a.
More particularly, about the type information of adjacent discharging position 4b and 4c is changed, so that expression is alternately increased from the quantity of the ink droplet 3 that adjacent discharging position 4b and 4c will be discharged, have the diameter also big print point of diameter beguine according to the formed print point 8 of original print information of defective discharging position 4a thereby form.Therefore as shown in Figure 8, on the first line L1, the some 8b with normal diameter is printed by a discharging position 4b, and the some 8c with diameter bigger than normal diameter is printed by another discharge unit 4c.On the second line L2, the some 8b with diameter bigger than normal diameter is printed by a discharging position 4b, and the some 8c with normal diameter is printed by another discharge unit 4c.On three-way L3, adopt the mode that is similar to the first line L1, the some 8b with normal diameter is printed by a discharging position 4b, and the some 8c with diameter bigger than normal diameter is printed by another discharge unit 4c.On the tenth line L10, the some 8b with diameter bigger than normal diameter is printed by a discharging position 4b, and the some 8c with normal diameter is printed by another discharge unit 4c.
Like this, in the scope of the first line L1 to the, ten line L10, have larger-diameter some 8b and 8c and alternately be printed on the leukorrhea both sides that are formed on corresponding to defectiveness discharging position 4a on the recording medium P.Point 8b that alternately forms and the extension of 8c cover the both sides of leukorrhea shown in Figure 5 in addition, make leukorrhea not obvious.From the image forming of face correction on recording medium P, can reduce the influence of the discharging failure of defective discharging position 4a to picture quality.
Above-mentioned to being represented by following formula usually in the correction of recording medium P epigraph shaping.Herein, A
nRepresent the original print information of relevant defectiveness discharging position 4a, B
nThe back type information is proofreaied and correct in representative.A
N-1Represent the original print information of relevant left side discharging position 4b, B
N-1Type information after the correction of representative discharging position 4b.A
N+1Represent the original print information of relevant right side discharging position 4c, B
N+1 Representative discharging position 4c proofreaies and correct the back type information.
When proofreading and correct,, represent to proofread and correct the back type information with following manner so that when increasing the quantity of the amount of ink of being discharged from the left side discharging position 4b of defective discharging position 4a or emission point as shown in Figure 6:
Left side discharging position 4b.......B
N-1=(A
N-1)+A
n
Right side discharging position 4c.....B
N+1=A
N+1
When proofreading and correct,, represent to proofread and correct the back type information with following manner so that when increasing the quantity of the amount of ink that will discharge from the discharging position 4c on defectiveness discharging 4a right side, position or emission point as shown in Figure 6:
Left side discharging position 4b.......B
N-1=A
N-1
Right side discharging position 4c.....B
N+1=(A
N+1)+A
n
When proofreading and correct,, represent to proofread and correct the back type information with following manner so that when increasing quantity from the discharging position 4b of defectiveness discharging 4a both sides, position and amount of ink that 4c will discharge or emission point as shown in Figure 7:
Left side discharging position 4b.......B
N-1=(A
N-1)+A
n
Right side discharging position 4c.....B
N+1=(A
N+1)+A
n
When proofreading and correct,, represent to proofread and correct the back type information with following manner so that when alternately increasing the amount of ink of discharging from the discharging position 4b and the 4c of defectiveness discharging 4a both sides, position as shown in Figure 8 or increasing the quantity of the emission point on every row:
(1) odd-numbered line
Left side discharging position 4b.......B
N-1=A
N-1
Right side discharging position 4c.....B
N+1=(A
N+1)+A
n
(2) even number line
Left side discharging position 4b.......B
N-1=(A
N-1)+A
n
Right side discharging position 4c.....B
N+1=A
N+1
Though do not illustrate among the figure, when according to given function, increase will represent to proofread and correct the back type information with following formula when defectiveness discharges the discharging position 4b of 4a both sides, position and quantity that 4c discharges printing ink or increase the quantity of emission point:
Left side discharging position 4b.......B
N-1=(A
N-1)+X (A
n)
Right side discharging position 4c.....B
N+1=(A
N+1)+Y (A
n)
Herein, X (A
n) and Y (A
n) be A
nFunction.
In above-mentioned any proofreaied and correct, for example according to the size or the resolution ratio of ink droplet characteristic, recording medium type, image forming pattern, ink colors, an ink droplet, the type information of correction (image forming signal) can differently be proofreaied and correct.For example have higher capillary black ink K when improving the character quality, improperly on printing paper, spread widely when using than other printing ink.Therefore, in order to realize result preferably, should consider the diffusion way of printing ink, correcting image is shaped.
The type information of above-mentioned correction (image forming signal) can be summarised in as shown in Figures 9 and 10 the table in advance.Fig. 9 and two parts printing checking list of 10 expressions.In this table, corresponding to the original print information A of relevant certain delegation
N-1, A
nAnd A
N+1, show type information B after the correction of relevant odd-numbered line
N-1, B
nAnd B
N+1With type information B after the correction of even number line
N-1, B
nAnd B
N+1Just use corresponding to two row of certain delegation the printing of this row is proofreaied and correct.In this table, as shown in the figure, the quantity of the ink droplet 3 that will be discharged from discharging position 4 for example is that 0-8 drips.
Though in above-mentioned introduction, the discharging failure means does not have ink droplet 3 to be discharged from certain discharging position of printhead 1, but the present invention is not limited to this situation, also be applicable to such a case, go up outside the allowed band but wherein drop on recording medium P from any ink droplet 3 of being discharged of discharging position 4, but or the amount of ink of being discharged from any discharging position 4 outside allowed band.
In the time of outside but the ink droplet 3 that is discharged from defectiveness discharging position 4a drops on the last allowed band of recording medium P, described ink droplet depart is similar to situation shown in Figure 5, and leukorrhea is formed on corresponding to defectiveness and discharges on the recording medium P of position 4a.When but the amount of ink of being discharged from defectiveness discharging position 4a was outside allowed band, this quantity was lacked than predetermined quantity, and light position as shown in Figure 5 is formed on corresponding to defectiveness and discharges on the recording medium P of position 4a.
Though utilize above-mentioned PNM method to control the amount of ink that is applied on the recording medium P, in the printhead with each discharging position that can change ink emission quantity, himself can control ink emission quantity.In addition, also can utilize the combination of the method for PNM and change discharging quantity, the control amount of ink.
Hereinafter introduce a kind of liquid discharge apparatus that relates to the present invention's (second aspect present invention) of aforesaid liquid discharge method with reference to Figure 11.A kind of image forming that is used as liquid discharge apparatus for example is a kind of ink-jet printer, forms an image to recording medium discharging ink droplet at recording medium by a plurality of dischargings position from printhead.As shown in figure 11, this image forming comprises printhead 1, head driver 10 and graphics processing unit 11.
As shown in Figure 1, printhead 1 is to the printing paper discharging ink droplet that is used as recording medium P, printable character and image on printing paper, and have and be set at a plurality of dischargings position 4 that is used to discharge ink droplet 3 in the paper shape nozzle member 2.Each discharging position 4 comprises and is formed on the exhaust outlet 5 on this nozzle member 2 and is used as the heating element heater 6 that driving element is used to heat and discharge the interior printing ink of ink cavity (not shown).As described in reference Fig. 1-5, storage area 12 is set at the inside of printhead 1, so that detect the emissions status of ink droplet 3 and store the information that relevant defectiveness discharges the position according to current pattern 9 and 9 ', described current pattern 9 and 9 ' expression are from all emissions status corresponding to the ink droplet 3 at the discharging position 4 in the image forming zone of recording medium P.
By picking up the driving signal from the graphics processing unit 11 that will introduce hereinafter, the driving of head driver 10 control printheads 1 provides the ON and the OFF signal that drive control printhead 1.
Graphics processing unit 11 is handled outside input image data, and with a driving data of described data transaction one-tenth driving printhead 1, and the data after will changing send to head driver 10.Graphics processing unit 11 comprises a signal adapter 13, discharging adjuster 14, output translator 15 and prints checking list 16.
Signal adapter 13 receives outside input image data, according to such as the image forming pattern of selecting or the type information of recording medium P (printing paper) type, as required, by carrying out data decompression, raster scanning (rastering), convergent-divergent (scaling), color conversion, restriction amount of ink, image calibration or, described view data converted to have multiple color and multiple other multi-level data of level that meet unitary fluid exhaust apparatus performance such as the tint correction of error diffusion.Sometimes be added to the header (header) of input image data such as the type information of image forming pattern and printing paper type, the TIP (not shown) from equipment directly provides sometimes.Do not giving under the new type information situation, can use with previous printing in identical information or default information.
On the information of the relevant defectiveness discharging position 4a that the storage area in printhead 1 12, reads (position of the position 4a of defectiveness discharging just and the type of discharging failure) and type information (image forming signal) basis of from the printing checking list 16 that will introduce hereinafter, reading, the multi-level data that 14 inputs of discharging adjuster are changed by signal adapter 13, these data are proofreaied and correct, thereby the influence of the discharging of defectiveness discharging position 4a (with reference to figure 5) failure is not revealed on recording medium P.One memory 17 is set in the discharging adjuster 14, is used for storing the emission information of reading from described storage area 12.When printhead 1 is mounted or connects the energy, allow from storage area 12, to read emission information and described information is stored in the memory 17.Therefore needn't when each operation, this emission information be read in storage area 12, can normally from memory 17, it be read.
The function of output translator 15 is equivalent to output conversion device, is used for the multi-level data transaction that discharging adjuster 14 is proofreaied and correct is become the driving signal of head driver 10.Output translator 15 becomes multi-level data transaction the ON and the OFF signal of actual driving head driver 10.
As described in conjunction with Fig. 9 and 10, print the new images shaped signal after correction is listed and stored to checking list 16, according to being used for defectiveness discharging position 4a and the discharging position 4b of its both sides and the original image shaped signal of 4c (with reference to figure 5), reduce the influence of discharging failure.
Liquid discharge apparatus with said structure adopts to be similar to reference to the mode of Fig. 1 and the described fluid discharge method of Fig. 5-8 to be handled.Just under the control of head driver 10 shown in Figure 11, at first printhead 1 is driven, and expression is printed on the recording medium P corresponding to the current pattern 9 and 9 ' of the emissions status of the ink droplet 3 at all discharging positions 4 in the printhead 1 in the image forming zone on the recording medium P.
When from all the normal discharging in discharging positions 4 ink droplets 3, current pattern 9 is printed on the recording medium P, and for example as shown in Figure 1, in the scope of the first line L1 to the, ten line L10, pattern point 8 is formed securely with ink droplet 3.On the contrary, when defective appears in any one fluid discharge position 4a, as shown in Figure 5, current pattern 9 ' is printed on the recording medium P, this moment is corresponding to defectiveness fluid discharge position 4a, printing ink does not adhere to or insufficient adhesion at all, in the scope of the first line L1 to the, ten line L10, forms leukorrhea or light position.Fig. 5 has shown a kind of state (not discharging) that ink droplet 3 is not discharged from defectiveness fluid discharge position 4.
Then, according to the emissions status of current pattern 9 ' the detection ink droplet of being printed 3, the information of relevant defectiveness discharging position 4a is stored in the storage area 12 of printhead 1 shown in Figure 11.Described information for example comprises the type information such as 4a position, defectiveness fluid discharge position, ink emission quantity and emission point quantity.Information for example is recorded in the outgoing inspection.
During carrying out actual printing on the recording medium P, the information of reading relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position 4a in the storage area 12 of the discharging adjuster 14 in the graphics processing unit shown in Figure 11 11 in the printhead 1 forbids that defectiveness fluid discharge position 4a discharges black drench 3.Therefore, according to the information of relevant defectiveness discharging position 4a and from printing type information (image forming signal) after the correction that checking list 16 reads, the control of discharging adjuster 14 is from ink droplet 3 dischargings near discharging position 4b and the 4c of defectiveness fluid discharge position 4a, thereby the influence of the discharging of defectiveness fluid discharge position 4a failure is difficult on the recording medium P and shows.
Under this state, correction back type information is output adjuster 15 and converts the driving signal to and be sent to head driver 10.Head driver 10 provides input drive signal to be controlled at actual printing on the recording medium P to printhead 1.Therefore, control for example shown in Fig. 6,7 or 8, is proofreaied and correct the image forming on recording medium P from the discharging of the ink droplet 3 at discharging position 4 in the printhead 1.Therefore, can reduce the influence of the discharging failure of defectiveness fluid discharge position 4a to picture quality.Even, also allow to use printhead 1 when there is defective in any one discharging position 4.Therefore, can mention the product recovery rate of printhead 1.
Though storage area 12 is set at the inside of printhead shown in Figure 11 1, it also can be set in the graphics processing unit 11.In addition, storage area 12 can be set in the external control unit such as main frame, maybe can be set at the some or all of inside in printhead 1, graphics processing unit 11 and the external control unit.
Hereinafter perspective Figure 12 that bound fraction is cut open and side cross-sectional view 13 are introduced a concrete example of aforesaid liquid exhaust apparatus, for example a kind of ink-jet printer.The ink-jet printer 20 of this example is equipped with line head 22, and line head 22 has and do not show heating element heater (with reference to the Reference numeral 6 of figure 1) as the driving element that is used for discharging ink droplet (at the Reference numeral 3 of Fig. 1).The recording interval of ink-jet printer 20 equals the width of paper 21 in fact.Ink-jet printer 20 sampling so-called PNM (number of pulses modulation) methods utilize number of ink droplets to change the diameter and the density of print point (Reference numeral 8 in figure).
Shown in Figure 12 and 13, ink-jet printer 20 is included in line head 22 in the housing 23, paper sheet delivery part 24, paper discharge section 25, carton 26, circuit part 27 etc.The shape of housing 23 resembles a rectangular parallelepiped protrusion part.The paper drain tank 28 of paper 21 is set on the end face of housing 23, and the loading opening 29 of carton 26 is set on the other end.
Paper sheet delivery part 24 comprises transfer guide 30, conveying roller 31 and 32, carries motor 33, belt pulley 34 and 35, belt 36 and 37, and paper sheet delivery part 24 is set at the bottom, end of housing 23, contiguous paper letdown tank 28.The shape of transfer guide 30 resembles a flat board, is set at line head 22 belows, has preset space length between the two.Each conveying roller in the conveying roller 31 and 32 is made up of a pair of up-down rollers that contacts with each other, and is set at the both sides of transfer guide 30, just loads on opening 29 and paper drain tank 28 1 sides at carton.Carry and to make motor 33 and be set at transfer guide 30 belows, and pass through belt pulley 34 with 35 and belt 36 link to each other with 32 with conveying roller 31 with 37.
Paper sheet delivery part 25 comprises conveying roller 38, carries motor 39 and gear 40, and is set at paper sheet delivery part 24 is loaded opening 29 by carton a side.Discharging roller 38 is half-cylindrical basically, and is set up the conveying roller 31 that contiguous carton loads opening 29 1 sides.Discharging motor 39 is set at discharging roller 38 tops, and links to each other with discharging roller 38 by gear 40.
The shape of carton 26 resembles a box, and they can ccontaining for example many stacked A4 specification paper 21.Sheet support thing 42 is supported by the spring 41 of bottom surface one end of carton 26, and loads opening 29 from transport portion 25 to carton and extend.Circuit part 27 is set at the top of carton 26, the driving of control element.
Hereinafter will briefly introduce the basic operation and the use of ink-jet printer 20 with this structure.The user loads opening 29 from carton and pulls out carton 26, and the paper 21 of predetermined quantity is put into carton 26, promotes carton 26 then.Then, sheet support thing 42 rises an end of paper 21 and utilizes spring 41 that it is pressed against on the discharging roller 38.Produce and print stand-by state.
When giving print signal, discharging roller 38 is transferred motor 39 and rotates, and a paper 21 is transported on the conveying roller 31 from carton 26.Subsequently, conveying roller 31 and 32 is transferred motor 33 and drives, and conveying roller 31 is transported to transfer guide 30 with paper 21.Then, line head 22 in predetermined instant work, is discharged into paper 21 with ink droplet from exhaust outlet according to print data, so that print by some a character that forms and an image.Subsequently, conveying roller 32 is discharged the paper 21 that is transferred from the paper drain tank.
Ink-jet printer 20 with said structure adopts the mode that is similar to Fig. 1 and the described image forming method of Fig. 5-8 to operate.
To introduce the 3rd, the 4th and the 5th aspect of the present invention now.
Figure 14 is one and shows total figure of fluid discharge method according to an embodiment of the invention.In this kind fluid discharge method, in the control emission direction, form a plurality of somes D or some D array by a plurality of dischargings position (not shown)s discharging ink droplets in 110 from the beginning.
The emissions status of the ink droplet that detection is discharged from the discharging position obtains the information that relevant defectiveness discharges the position.Forbid defectiveness discharging position discharging printing ink, in the control emission direction, discharge drop, thereby reduce the influence of defectiveness discharging position discharging failure from other discharging positions.Hereinafter will introduce a kind of concrete structure of this method of execution in detail.
Figure 15 be an ink-jet printer that is used as direct use fluid discharge method of the present invention printhead 110 cut open perspective view.As shown in figure 15, the nozzle member of introducing hereinafter 170 is bonded on the barrier layer 160.In Figure 15, nozzle member 170 is shown individually.
For example, utilize photoetching process to remove unwanted part, form barrier layer 160 from described dry-film resist by on the whole surface of semiconductor chip 150, applying photocurable dry-film resist with heating resistor 130.
That single printhead 110 generally includes is a plurality of (hundreds of) heating element heaters 130 and comprise the ink cavity 120 of heating resistor 130.In response to instruction from the control module in the printer, optionally handle heating resistor 130, the printing ink in the ink cavity 120 is discharged from the nozzle 180 relative with ink cavity 120.
Just, printing ink is fed in each ink cavity 120 from the China ink jar (not shown) that links to each other with printhead 110.In a short time of for example 1-3 microsecond, make pulse current flow through heating resistor 130 in the ink cavity 120, heating resistor 130 is by Fast Heating.Therefore, with a part of printing ink that heating resistor 130 contacts in produce bubble, by the expansion (printing ink boiling) of bubble, the printing ink of some is released.Therefore, the volume of volume and the printing ink that is pushed out identical and and a part of printing ink of contacting with nozzle 180 be discharged on the printing paper as drops out from nozzles 180 and form a little.
In the explanation hereinafter, " discharging position " relates to by ink cavity 120, is arranged on the heating resistor 130 in the ink cavity 120 and is arranged on the position that the nozzle 180 on the ink cavity 120 constitutes.Printhead 110 shown in just in Figure 15 has a plurality of discharging positions side by side.
Figure 16 A and 16B are respectively plan view and side cross-sectional view, show the setting of the heating element heater 130 in the printhead 110 in greater detail.In Figure 16 A, represent nozzle 180 with the single-point line.
Shown in Figure 16 A and 16B, in the printhead 110 of this embodiment, two heating resistors 130 are arranged side by side in an ink cavity 120, and just an ink cavity 120 comprises two separated heating resistors 130.Heating resistor 130 is set on the identical direction of the direction (left and right directions in the drawings) that is set up with nozzle 180.
When adopting this mode that a heating resistor vertically is divided into two heating resistors 130, length does not change, but width is halved.Therefore the resistance of heating resistor 130 is doubled.By having heating resistor when series connection that doubles resistance with two, resistance is quadruply increased.
In order to make the printing ink boiling in the ink cavity 120, need be by applying given electric current, to heating resistor 130 heating.This is owing to utilize the boiling energy that printing ink is discharged.Though, must apply big electric current when resistance hour, as mentioned above,, use little electric current by increasing the resistance of heating resistor 130, printing ink can seethe with excitement.
Therefore, be used to provide the transistorized size of electric current to be reduced, can realize saving the space.When increasing resistance by the thickness that reduces heating resistor 130, from the intensity (life-span) of heating resistor 130 and the viewpoint of material, the minimizing of this thickness is restricted.Reason is not reducing under the thickness prerequisite for this reason, increases resistance by separating heating resistor.
In the time of in the heating resistor 130 that two are separated is arranged on an ink cavity 120,, heating resistor 130 makes the temperature of printing ink in synchronization (bubble generates constantly) boiling, printing ink boiling on two heating resistors 130 simultaneously by being reached.This allows ink droplet to discharge along the central axial direction of nozzle 180.
On the contrary, the bubble between two heating resistors 130 generates constantly not simultaneously, and printing ink is boiling simultaneously not.The center axis deviation of ink droplet that is discharged in the case, and nozzle 180.Therefore, ink droplet departs from the in-position of the discharging ink droplet that is not deflected.
Figure 17 is the separately difference of bubble rise time and the curve map that discharges the relation between the angle along the directions X ink droplet between the heating resistor of two shown in showing in Figure 16 A and the 16B.Figure 18 is one and shows the difference of bubble rise time and the curve map that concerns between the discharging of the ink droplet on Y direction angle.Utilize Computer Simulation to obtain Figure 17 and the interior value of 18 curve maps.In these curve maps, what directions X was meant nozzle 180 is provided with direction (heating resistor 130 is arranged side by side), and the Y direction is meant the direction (throughput direction of printing paper P) perpendicular to directions X.On directions X and Y direction, the angle demonstration is discharged the quantity that departs between ink droplet and 0 degree, and described 0 degree is used as does not have the direction that ink droplet is discharged under the deflection prerequisite.
Shown in Figure 17 and 18, when there is difference in the bubble rise time between the heating resistor 130, ink droplet discharging angle deviating.Therefore in this embodiment, utilize this characteristic.Just by making the bubble generation between heating resistor 130 occur difference constantly, ink droplet discharges angle deviating, thus the control emission direction.
Hereinafter in conjunction with Figure 19, the discharging angle of introducing ink droplet can be adjusted to any degree.Figure 19 is that a demonstration is from the side cross-sectional view that concerns between ink droplet 60 emission directions that are arranged on the nozzle 180 in the nozzle member 170 and the printing paper P.In Figure 19, in normal ink-jet printer, the distance H between the leading end of nozzle 180 and the printing paper P approximately is 1 millimeter-2 millimeters.
When the resolution ratio of printhead 110 is set to 600dpi, represent that with following formula the drop point of ink droplet 60 (is put at interval) at interval:
25.40 * 1000/600=42.3 (micron)
For example in 8 steps,, in this printhead 110, be changed from the emission direction of the black drench 60 of each nozzle 180 by making the discharging angle deviating of ink droplet 60.When supposing that under the prerequisite that the discharging angle does not depart from, ink droplet 60 is from being set at 8 nozzles that adjoin 180 in the nozzle member 170
1, 180
2... ..180
8In when vertically being discharged, the drop point site of ink droplet 60 on record-paper P is represented as D
1-D
8Thereby the emission direction that changes ink droplet is from each nozzle 180 nozzle 180 for example
4The ink droplet 60 that is discharged drops on 8 drop point site D on the record-paper P
1-D
8
Shown in Figure 14 (a)-14 (h), when changing emission direction, a plurality of dischargings position (not shown) discharging ink droplet 60 by from printhead 110 causes ink droplet 60 to drop on the record-paper P, forms a plurality of somes D shown in Figure 14 (i) or point range D.Discharging angle shown in Figure 14 (a) is represented as deg1, and the discharging angle shown in Figure 14 (b) is represented as deg2.In subsequent drawings, the discharging angle is set similarly, and the discharging angle among Figure 14 (h) is set to deg8.
As shown in figure 20, above-mentioned printhead 110 is the line heads that adopt above-mentioned PNM method.Printhead 110 comprises the head that is used for these four kinds of colors of yellow Y, peony M, cyan C and black K, and the nozzle 180 that makes discharging ink droplet 60 that is provided with is downward.
For the ease of explaining, for example will not use the situation of yellow, peony and black to describe to only using cyan ink.Can discharge seven ink droplets at most from each discharging position a kind of color, and discharge six or ink droplet still less, on record-paper P, print a some D.As mentioned above, utilize the PNM method, the number of ink droplets of formation-individual cyan point can from 0 to 8.The amount of ink that is discharged is set to for example 3.5pl.
In the specification,, discharge ink droplet 60 hereinafter in response to the PNM signal that is used as the drop discharge signal.The driving of the first black drench 60 that is discharged out from each discharging position is set to PNM1 constantly, and the driving of second ink droplet 60 is set to PNM2 constantly, and follow-up time is by similar setting, and the driving of the 7th ink droplet 60 is set to PNM7 constantly.
In the case, shown in Figure 20 (a), from the nozzle 180 of printhead 110 to the printing paper P discharging ink droplet 60 that is used as recording medium.The ink droplet 60 that be discharged from this moment spreads on direction S, forms the some D shown in Figure 20 (b).Therefore according to the quantity of ink droplet 60, the size of some D increases gradually.Figure 21 shows the quantity of liquid drench and the relation between the spot diameter.Along with the quantity of drop is increased to 7 from 1, the diameter of point is increased to about 79 microns from about 38 microns.As shown in figure 21, when amount of droplets was 4, the diameter of point approximately was 63 microns.
With reference to Figure 22, will introduce a kind of fluid discharge method, wherein when changing emission direction and the quantity by ink droplet 60 and changing the diameter of some D, discharge ink droplet 60 from the discharging position of printhead 110, form a plurality of somes D or point range.Figure 22 is a table, shows the some D (D that forms with PNM
1-D
9) and discharge ink droplet 60 to concern between the discharging position that forms some D.In a kind of printhead 310 that can not change ink droplet emission direction (with reference to Figure 25) of known type,, discharge ink droplet from identical discharging position from driving PNM1-PNM7 constantly.
On the contrary, as shown in figure 22, in this fluid discharge method of the present invention, from different discharge portion position, discharge ink droplet, form each some D.Just as shown in figure 14, when changing emission direction, from being arranged on a plurality of dischargings position continuous blow-down ink droplet 60 in the printhead 110.First ink droplet 60 is discharged from discharge angles deg1 (with reference to Figure 14 (a)), and second ink droplet 60 is discharged with discharge angles deg2 (with reference to Figure 14 (b)).Subsequently, ink droplet 60 is discharged from from different discharging positions in a similar fashion, forms a some D, therefore utilizes PNM to change the diameter of point.
More particularly, for example in order in the A line, to form some D
1, driving PNM1 constantly, from discharging position (nozzle) 180 shown in Figure 19
1Discharging ink droplet (discharging position 180 hereinafter,
1In table 22, be abbreviated as " DP1 ", other discharging positions are by similar abbreviation), driving PNM2 constantly, DP-1 from the DP1 left side is (on the left side among Figure 19, nozzle quantity is not shown) the discharging ink droplet, as shown in figure 22, driving PNM3 constantly, the DP-2 from the DP-1 left side discharges ink droplet.Similarly discharge subsequently, until PNM7 discharges ink droplet from DP-6 driving constantly.Adopt this mode,, discharge ink droplet, thereby form the some D on the A bar line from different discharging positions driving PNM1-PNM7 constantly
1
In order on ensuing B bar line, to form some D
1, the some D on employing and the above-mentioned formation A bar line
1The different mode of mode, at PNM1, from DP-7 discharging ink droplet, at PNM2, from DP-1 discharging ink droplet.Similarly discharge subsequently, until PNM7 discharges ink droplet from DP-5 driving constantly.Adopt this mode, circulation and PNM circulation that the discharging position is exchanged mutually are inconsistent.
Under the situation that circulation corresponds to each other, for example, utilize from the ink droplet of identical discharging position discharging when driving the discharging consecutive hours of PNM1 constantly, form the some D from the A bar line
1D to the F bar line
1The point range of a plurality of somes D, leukorrhea 330 (with reference to Figure 26) may appear on record-paper P.
In the aforesaid liquid discharge method, just when changing emission direction, the ink droplet that utilization is discharged from the discharging position of printhead 110 forms the fluid discharge method of a plurality of points or point range, at first forms the current pattern of representative from the emissions status of the ink droplet 60 at all discharging positions.For example in above-mentioned PNM method, under the prerequisite that does not make emission direction deflection, by discharging ink droplet 60 from the discharging position, described current pattern is printed on the record-paper P.In the case, when ink droplet 60 when all dischargings are normally discharged positions, though do not show, a normal pattern is formed in the image forming zone on the record-paper P.
On the contrary, when defective appears in any one discharging position, when printing ink can not adhere to or fully stick on the record-paper P, therefore, form the pattern that comprises leukorrhea 330 (with reference to Figure 26) or light position.
By detecting the current pattern (not shown) of ink droplet 60 emissions status, obtain the information at relevant defective discharging position.Just, on the basis that utilizes the formed current pattern of aforesaid way, determine whether to exist defective discharging position.When definite defective discharging position exists, obtain the information of the quantity of for example relevant defective discharge portion bit position, the quantity of discharging printing ink and emission point.For example hypothesis is when judging nozzle 180 shown in Figure 19
1(discharging position 1) driving PNM1 constantly, the some D on the A bar line in Figure 22 when having defective
1Go up, drive the some D on the A bar line of moment PNM2 in Figure 22
2Go up, drive the some D on the A bar line of moment PNM3 in Figure 22
3On ... .. drives the some D on the moment PNM1 B bar line
8Deng the influence of going up appearance discharging failure.In the case, the light position 350 that shape resembles a strap is retained in the print image (with reference to Figure 27), and this has reduced the quality of print image.
The information at the relevant defectiveness discharging position that is obtained is stored in the storage area that is arranged on inner or graphics processing unit 210 inside (seeing Figure 24) that will introduce hereinafter of printhead 110, or is stored in the storage area that is arranged on such as the inside, external control unit of main frame.In addition, information can be stored in some inner storage areas that are arranged in printhead 110, graphics processing unit 210 and the external control unit.
According to this information, forbid 1 discharging of defectiveness discharging position, produce new drop discharge signal, so that reduce the influence of defectiveness discharging position 1 discharging failure.In according to new drop discharge signal controlling emission direction, discharge ink droplet continuously from the nozzle 180 (Figure 19) that is different from defectiveness discharging position 1, change the diameter of some D, to reduce the influence of defectiveness discharging position 1 discharging failure.In the case, owing to determine nozzle 180 shown in Figure 19
1There is defective in (discharging position 1), forbids that defectiveness discharging position 1 discharges, and the new liquid drench discharging signal that generates according to checking list shown in reference Figure 23 is from being different from the discharging position discharging ink droplet at defectiveness discharging position 1.
Figure 23 has shown and has listed the checking list that generates the new drop discharge signal be used to the eliminating influence of defectiveness discharging position 1 discharging failure and created in advance.Figure 23 shows that there is the situation of defective in defectiveness discharging shown in Figure 22 position 1.As shown in figure 23, from A bar line to F bar line D
1-D
8The drop discharge signal (PNM1-PNM7) of point is changed, so that solve the influence of defectiveness discharging position 1 discharging failure.
More particularly, for example, on A bar line, form minor diameter point D by PNM1 only discharges an ink droplet 60 driving constantly
1, as shown in figure 23, from PNM1-PNM2, the drop discharge signal is changed.Subsequently, attempt driving moment PNM1 from discharging position 1 discharging ink droplet 60, PNM2 discharges ink droplet 60 from discharging position-1 driving constantly.As mentioned above, discharge owing to forbid defectiveness discharging position 1, in fact, only an ink droplet 60 is discharged from discharging position-1, can form minor diameter point D.
For example for PNM1 forms minor diameter point D on A bar line by only discharging an ink droplet 60 driving constantly
2, the drop discharge signal keeps PNM1.In the case, as shown in figure 22,, only discharge an ink droplet by the discharging position 2 that never has defective and form a little driving PNM1 constantly.
On the contrary, for PNM2 forms some D by two ink droplets 60 of discharging on A bar line driving constantly
2, as shown in figure 23, from PNM2-PNM3, the drop discharge signal is changed.Subsequently, as shown in figure 22,, ink droplet 60 is discharged, attempt from discharging position 1 ink droplet 60 to be discharged, driving moment PNM3, from discharging position-1 ink droplet 60 discharges at driving moment PNM2 from discharging position 2 at driving moment PNM1.As mentioned above, discharge owing to forbid defectiveness discharging position 1, in fact, by forming some D from discharging position 2 and two ink droplets of-1 discharging 60, some D can be formed.
As shown in figure 22, owing under the ink droplet prerequisite of not using from defectiveness discharging position 1, form some D from A bar line to F bar line
9, need not change drop discharge signal (PNM1-PNM7).As mentioned above, when changing emission direction according to the new drop discharge signal that generates with reference to checking list shown in Figure 23, by discharging ink droplet continuously, can solve the influence of defectiveness discharging position 1 discharging failure from the discharging position that is different from defectiveness discharging position 1.In the case, the light-colored part (see figure 7) is not kept on the print image, can form high-quality print image.
Though all in checking list shown in Figure 23 drive PNM1-PNM7 constantly, the influence by elimination defectiveness discharging position 1 discharging failure stops the decline of print image quality, when described influence is not remarkable especially, can proofread and correct.Just only when the diameter from the formed point of ink droplet of the discharging position discharging that is different from defectiveness discharging position be minimum of a value or during near minimum of a value, for example when driving constantly PNM1 or PNM2, can generate new drop discharge signal according to checking list.
Though in above-mentioned specification, ink droplet 60 is not discharged at any one discharging position that discharging fails means printhead 110, the present invention is not limited thereto, also be applicable to from any one ink droplet 60 of discharging of discharging position and drop on situation outside the scope that printing paper P allows, but or be applicable to from any one and discharge the amount of ink of discharging at the position outside allowed band.
In the case, employing is similar to the mode of mode shown in Figure 27, under just dropping on situation outside the allowed regional extent on the printing paper P from the ink droplet 60 of defectiveness discharging position discharging, they deviate from predetermined direction, and light-colored part is formed on the print image.But under the situation outside the allowed band, just under the situation less than predetermined quantity, though not demonstration, light-colored part is formed on the printing paper P in the amount of ink of discharging from defectiveness discharging position.
Though control amount of ink by utilizing PNM discharging ink droplet 60 mentioned above, in printhead with each discharging position that can change ink emission quantity, ink emission quantity self can be controlled, or, can control amount of ink by PNM is combined with the method that changes discharging quantity.
Hereinafter will introduce a kind of liquid discharge apparatus of aforesaid liquid discharge method in conjunction with Figure 24, described method relates to fluid discharge method of the present invention (the of the present invention the 6th, the 7th and eight aspect).The device for image forming that is used as liquid discharge apparatus for example is a kind of ink-jet printer, when changing emission direction, by forming print image to recording medium discharging ink droplet at recording medium from a plurality of dischargings position that is arranged in the printhead.With reference to Figure 24, device for image forming comprises printhead 110, head driver 200 and graphics processing unit 210.
The driving of head driver 200 control printheads 110 by picking up the driving signal from the graphics processing unit 210 that will introduce hereinafter, and is provided for driving the ON and the OFF signal of control printhead 110.
Multi-level data after 240 inputs of discharging adjuster are changed by signal adapter 230, the information at the relevant defectiveness discharging position 1 of reading the storage area in printhead 110 220 (for example, the type of the position at defectiveness discharging position 1 and discharging failure) and on the basis of the type information (image forming signal) that from the printing checking list 260 that will introduce hereinafter, reads, these data are proofreaied and correct, thereby the influence of the discharging at defectiveness discharging position 1 (with reference to Figure 22) failure appears on the printing paper P hardly.Memory 270 is set in the discharging adjuster 240, so that the emission information that storage is read from storage area 220.When printhead 110 was mounted or connects the energy, this allowed this emission information to be read and to be stored in the memory 270 from storage area 220.Therefore need not in each operation, from storage area 220, read emission information, under the normal condition, can in memory 270, read described emission information.
The function of output translator 250 is equivalent to an output conversion device, is used for being discharged the driving signal that multi-level data transaction after adjuster 240 is proofreaied and correct becomes head driver 200.Output translator 250 becomes to be used for the ON and the OFF signal of actual driving head driver 200 with multi-level data transaction.
As described in conjunction with Figure 22 and 23, printing checking list 260 is listed and is stored by generation and is used to reduce the new drop discharge signal that defectiveness discharges the influence at position.
Liquid discharge apparatus with this structure adopts to be similar in conjunction with the mode of the described fluid discharge method of Figure 14-23 to be operated.Just at first under the control of head driver shown in Figure 24 200, drive printhead 110, by adopting above-mentioned PNM method to discharge ink droplet under the prerequisite of not deflection emission direction, expression is printed on the printing paper P from all the current patterns corresponding to the emissions status of the ink droplet 60 at the discharging position 4 in the image forming zone on the printing paper P in the printhead 100.
When ink droplet 60 from all discharging positions when normally discharging, though do not show, a normal pattern is printed on the image forming zone on the printing paper P.On the contrary, when defective appearred in any one discharge areas, pattern was printed on the printing paper P, and wherein corresponding to defectiveness discharging position, printing ink does not adhere to or adhere to insufficient, and leukorrhea 330 (with reference to Figure 26) or light position are formed.
Then, on the basis of the current pattern of printing, detect the emissions status of ink droplet 60, the information at relevant defectiveness discharging position is stored in the interior storage area 220 of printhead shown in Figure 24 110.For example described information comprises the type information such as defectiveness discharge portion bit position and ink emission quantity.This information for example is recorded in the outgoing inspection.
During carrying out actual printing on the printing paper P, discharging adjuster 240 in the graphics processing unit 210 shown in Figure 24 is read the information that relevant defectiveness discharges position 1 (seeing Figure 22) from the storage area 220 in the printhead 110, forbids defectiveness discharging position 1 discharging ink droplet.Subsequently on the basis of the information at relevant defectiveness discharging position 1 and the correction type information (the drop discharge signal that is used as the image forming signal) that from print adjuster 160, reads, discharging adjuster 240 is controlled from the discharging of the ink droplet 60 at the discharging position that is different from defectiveness discharging position 1, thereby the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness discharging position 1 appears on the printing paper P hardly.
In the case, proofreading and correct type information is 25015, and is sent to head driver 200.Head driver 200 provides input drive signal to printhead 110, so that the actual printing on the control printing paper P.Subsequently, as described in conjunction with Figure 22 and 23, when changing emission direction according to type information as new drop discharge signal, from being different from the discharging position discharging ink droplet 60 at defectiveness discharging position 1, solve the influence of the discharging failure at defectiveness discharging position, the print image on the printing paper P is proofreaied and correct.Therefore, can eliminate the influence of discharging failure, even when having any one defectiveness discharging position, also can use printhead 110 to picture quality.Therefore, can strengthen the product recovery rate of printhead 110.
Though storage area 220 is set at the inside of printhead 110 among Figure 24, it also can be set in the graphics processing unit 210.In addition, storage area 220 can be set in the external control unit such as main frame, maybe can be set at the some or all of inside in printhead 110, graphics processing unit 210 and the external control unit.
By using, can realize above-mentioned image forming such as the ink-jet printer that is used as liquid discharge apparatus in conjunction with the ink-jet printer shown in the described fluid discharge method of Figure 14-23 and Figure 12 and 13.
Though corresponding to the of the present invention the the the 4th, the 5th, the 6th, the 7th and the embodiment of eight aspect introduced, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.On the contrary, in the spiritual scope of the appended claims, the present invention attempts to cover different the improvement and equal the setting.For example pass through to change electric current through heating resistor 130, two ink droplet boiling time (bubble generates the moment) differences of separating on the heating resistor 130 between the heating resistor 130, in addition, electric current can be different by the time of two heating resistors 130.
Because fully this mode that is separated into two resistance of checking is guaranteed the life-span, in the above-described embodiments, two separately heating resistor 130 be arranged side by side in an ink cavity 120, and simplified circuit structure.Yet three or more heating resistors 130 can be arranged side by side in an ink cavity 120.
Though use printhead and line head in the foregoing description in printer, they are not only applicable to printer, are applicable to different liquid discharge apparatus yet.For example, head can be applied to discharging in the equipment that DNA comprises solution, so that detect the detection of biological sample.In addition, the heating resistor among the embodiment 130 can be substituted by the heating element heater of non-resistance.
Claims (15)
1, a kind of fluid discharge method from a plurality of fluid discharge position discharging drop, described method comprises the steps:
Form a current pattern from described fluid discharge position discharging drop;
The current pattern of the emissions status of the drop by detecting express liquid discharging position obtains relevant information with defectiveness fluid discharge position of discharging failure; With
Forbid that described defectiveness fluid discharge position discharges, alternately change during wherein by each formation delegation from the fluid discharge quantity at the fluid discharge position that is set at both sides, described defective fluid discharge position or the quantity of emission point, control is from the drop discharge near the fluid discharge position at described defective fluid discharge position.
2, fluid discharge method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said discharging failure expression is not discharged drop from described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
3, fluid discharge method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said discharging failure expression departs from admissible scope from the emission direction at described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
4, liquid discharge method as claimed in claim 1, but the amount of fluid in the drop that wherein said discharging failure expression is discharged from described defectiveness fluid discharge position is outside allowed band.
5, as the described fluid discharge method of any one claim in the claim 2 to 4, the wherein influence of failing for the discharging that reduces defectiveness fluid discharge position, defectiveness fluid discharge position with and the basis of the initial liquid at fluid discharge position, both sides discharging signal on, produce new drop discharge signal, according to new drop discharge signal discharging drop, control is from the drop discharge at the fluid discharge position at close described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
6, fluid discharge method as claimed in claim 5, wherein new drop discharge signal depend on that drop characteristics, recording medium class or image form pattern.
7, fluid discharge method as claimed in claim 5, wherein new drop discharge signal is listed on the table that sets in advance.
8, a kind ofly form the liquid discharge apparatus of image from a plurality of fluid discharge position to recording medium discharging drop at recording medium, described equipment comprises:
The liquid discharge head at a tool fluid discharge position;
One is used to control the head driver that this liquid discharge head drives;
A graphics processing unit is used for converting outside input image data to drive liquid discharge head a driving data, and this driving data is sent to head driver; With
A storage area is used to store relevant information with defectiveness fluid discharge position of discharging failure, by detecting the current pattern that an indicating liquid discharges the drop discharge state of pattern, obtains described information,
Wherein, according to the information that is stored in the relevant defectiveness fluid discharge position in the storage area, discharge by forbidding defectiveness fluid discharge position, formation is proofreaied and correct to the image on the recording medium, and wherein alternately change from the fluid discharge quantity at the fluid discharge position that is set at both sides, described defectiveness fluid discharge position or the quantity of emission point when forming delegation by each, control is from the drop discharge at the fluid discharge position at close described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
9, liquid discharge apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said storage area are set at inside, graphics processing unit inside or the inside, external control unit of liquid discharge head.
10, liquid discharge apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said discharging failure expression is not discharged drop from described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
11, liquid discharge apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said discharging failure expression departs from admissible scope from the emission direction at described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
12, liquid discharge apparatus as claimed in claim 8, but the amount of fluid in the drop that wherein said discharging failure expression is discharged from described defectiveness fluid discharge position is outside allowed band.
13, as the described liquid discharge apparatus of any one claim in the claim 10 to 12, the wherein influence of failing for the discharging that reduces defectiveness fluid discharge position, defectiveness fluid discharge position with and the basis of the initial liquid at fluid discharge position, both sides discharging signal on, produce new drop discharge signal, according to new drop discharge signal discharging drop, control is from the drop discharge at the fluid discharge position at close described defectiveness fluid discharge position.
14, liquid discharge apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein new drop discharge signal depends on drop characteristics, recording medium type or image forming pattern.
15, liquid discharge apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein new drop discharge signal is listed on the table that sets in advance.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP288442/2002 | 2002-10-01 | ||
| JP2002288442A JP2004122521A (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2002-10-01 | Image formation method and its apparatus |
| JP348148/2002 | 2002-11-29 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031648150A Division CN1305680C (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2003-09-30 | Liquid discharging device and liquid discharging method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1807097A CN1807097A (en) | 2006-07-26 |
| CN100473531C true CN100473531C (en) | 2009-04-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100066606A Expired - Fee Related CN100473531C (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2003-09-30 | Liquid discharging apparatus and liquid discharging method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2004122521A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100473531C (en) |
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| JP2006187872A (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-20 | Canon Inc | Inkjet recording apparatus and inkjet recording method |
| JP2007326237A (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2007-12-20 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Inspection apparatus for piezoelectric head, and liquid droplet jet apparatus |
| JP4333744B2 (en) | 2007-01-15 | 2009-09-16 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Liquid ejection method and correction value calculation method |
| JP5012041B2 (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2012-08-29 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Droplet ejection apparatus and image forming apparatus |
| KR100999920B1 (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-12-13 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Method of printing a circuit wire using inkjet apparatus |
| JP5271102B2 (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2013-08-21 | 株式会社セイコーアイ・インフォテック | Recording apparatus and recording method |
| JP5380191B2 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2014-01-08 | 理想科学工業株式会社 | Ink ejection defect inspection method and apparatus |
| JP5283685B2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-09-04 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Defect recording element detection apparatus and method, and image forming apparatus and method |
| JP5328965B2 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-10-30 | キヤノン株式会社 | Recording apparatus and method for estimating discharge state thereof |
| JP5971151B2 (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2016-08-17 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Image forming apparatus and program |
| JP2014188784A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-06 | Seiko Epson Corp | Printing method for printer and printer |
| JP6281187B2 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2018-02-21 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Printer printing method and printer |
| JP6146101B2 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2017-06-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Printing control method and printing control apparatus |
| JP5854567B2 (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2016-02-09 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Image recording apparatus, defective recording element compensation parameter optimization apparatus, method, and program |
| JP6232871B2 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2017-11-22 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Inkjet printer and printing method |
| JP6398199B2 (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2018-10-03 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Print control apparatus, print control method, and print control program |
| JP6405637B2 (en) | 2014-02-03 | 2018-10-17 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Image forming apparatus and dot pattern determination method |
| JP6269206B2 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2018-01-31 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Ink jet printer and recording method |
| JP6278184B2 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2018-02-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Recording method and inkjet printer |
| DE102015220716A1 (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-05-19 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for compensating failed nozzles in inkjet printing systems |
| JP6613915B2 (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2019-12-04 | 株式会社リコー | Image forming apparatus, image processing method, program, and program recording medium |
| JP6424125B2 (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2018-11-14 | 株式会社Ｓｃｒｅｅｎホールディングス | Image recording apparatus, print data correction apparatus, and print data correction method |
| CN107026653B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2021-03-23 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Compressed data structure, and print data compression method and print method using the same |
| DE102016211578A1 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2017-12-28 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Pressure nozzle compensation by deviating pressure nozzles |
| WO2018101289A1 (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-07 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Image-recording device and image-recording method |
| CN107139590B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-10-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of ink jet printing device and inkjet printing methods |
| JP7155734B2 (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2022-10-19 | 富士フイルムビジネスイノベーション株式会社 | Image processing device, image processing program and image forming device |
| JP7131204B2 (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2022-09-06 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Inkjet recording device |
-
2002
- 2002-10-01 JP JP2002288442A patent/JP2004122521A/en not_active Abandoned
-
2003
- 2003-09-30 CN CNB2006100066606A patent/CN100473531C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004122521A (en) | 2004-04-22 |
| CN1807097A (en) | 2006-07-26 |
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