CN100469873C - Horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle and its preparation method - Google Patents
Horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100469873C CN100469873C CNB2006100897239A CN200610089723A CN100469873C CN 100469873 C CN100469873 C CN 100469873C CN B2006100897239 A CNB2006100897239 A CN B2006100897239A CN 200610089723 A CN200610089723 A CN 200610089723A CN 100469873 C CN100469873 C CN 100469873C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of horseradish peroxidase nano high-molecular biocatalytic granules with core-shell structure, its core is horseradish peroxidase, and its external shell is a cross-linked high-molecular material, between core and shell they are connected by chemical bond. Said invention has the characteristics of high biacatalytic oxidation activity, strong thermal stability and strong resistance to organic solvent, and can be extensively used in the fields of immunoassay, organic synthesis and biological reparation, etc. Said invention also provides preparation method of above-mentioned granules. Said method includes the following steps: firstly, utilizing enzyme modification agent to introduce carbon-carbon double-bond group onto horseradish peroxidase surface, then using alkenyl monomer containing carbon-carbon double-bond as raw material, and making the above-mentioned materials undergo the process of free radical polymerization as to obtain the invented product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of core is nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of horseradish peroxidase and preparation method thereof, belongs to the chemically modified field of enzyme.
Background technology
Horseradish peroxidase (horseradish peroxidase, be called for short HRP) be peroxidase most important at present, that be most widely used, it can be in the presence of hydrogen peroxide etc. all kinds of phenols of efficient catalytic or aromatic amine etc. have the oxidation of reducing substances, be the key enzyme preparation of biological oxidation process.Because horseradish peroxidase reaction conditions gentleness, active high, source are easily, cost is lower, purposes is widely arranged in fields such as comprising organic synthesis, bio-transformation, relevant enzyme detection, luminous detection, immunoassay, wastewater treatment, clinical chemistry, environmental chemistry and foodstuffs industry.But the stability of natural horseradish peroxidase comprises thermostability, organic phase stability, stability in storage, is main restrictive factor, is difficult to satisfy the demand of practical application.At 37 ℃, the active transformation period of horseradish peroxidase is about 10 hours, and at 65 ℃, its active transformation period only is about 5 minutes, and in the mixed system of some the strong polar organic solvents and the aqueous solution, its stability even poorer.Therefore in order further to open up the application level of horseradish peroxidase, take the engineering means to improve the stable significant of horseradish peroxidase.
Chemical modification method is low because of its cost, method is easy, has obtained using widely in the transformation of biological enzyme.In the transformation of horseradish peroxidase, chemical modification method is compared with methods such as additive, bio-orientation evolution has clear superiority.The additive add-on height that additive method needs can be introduced new impurity and interference to practical systems simultaneously, uses less; And the method that bio-orientation is evolved since stability improve effect limited, can't solve a large amount of cheap problems of producing of engineering horseradish peroxidase, also do not paid attention to widely; And present small molecules chemical modification method is because the stabilizing effect raising still can not be satisfactory.Therefore develop a kind of nano-polymer biocatalyst particle and preparation method thereof and have vast market and great value with high stability, high biology catalytic activity, easy to implement, horseradish peroxidase that particle diameter is controlled.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of horseradish peroxidase, to solve thermally-stabilised poor, the problem that the organic solvent-resistant ability is low of existing horseradish peroxidase, significant for the application level of further developing horseradish peroxidase.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of horseradish peroxidase, improves the problem little and resistance to mass transfer that the big introducing of immobilization horseradish peroxidase particle diameter is higher to solve existing horseradish peroxidase small molecules chemically modified stabilizing effect.Adopt this preparation method can realize that the crosslinked polymer of enzyme and outer core is covalently bound, horseradish peroxidase thermostability and organic solvent improved stability are remarkable.
The solution of the present invention is as follows:
The invention provides a kind of horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle, this particle has the horseradish peroxidase biology catalytic activity, is nucleocapsid structure, and core is a horseradish peroxidase, shell is crosslinked macromolecular material, has chemical bond to connect between the nucleocapsid; This particle is a raw material with following material, obtains by the radical polymerization preparation;
Horseradish peroxidase: be 10 parts by weight,
The enzyme modification agent: be 2～40 parts by weight,
Alkenyl monomer: be 20～200 parts by weight,
Initiator: be 0.5～20 part by weight.
The present invention also provides a kind of radical polymerization preparation method who prepares horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle, and this method is a raw material with horseradish peroxidase, enzyme modification agent, alkenyl monomer and initiator, and wherein the content of each composition is:
Horseradish peroxidase: be 10 parts by weight,
The enzyme modification agent: be 2～40 parts by weight,
Alkenyl monomer: be 5～100 parts by weight,
Initiator: be 0.5～20 part by weight;
Concrete processing step is as follows:
1) horseradish peroxidase and the enzyme modification agent with said ratio adds in the buffered soln of pH between 7～10, reacts 0.5～6 hour under 4～35 ℃ of conditions;
2) mixture that step 1) is obtained joins in the aqueous solutions of organic solvent, 10～50% of the alkenyl monomer weight of adding said ratio;
3) initiator of adding said ratio reacted 0.5～2 hour down at 10～35 ℃;
4) add remaining alkenyl monomer, continue reaction 1～6 hour down at 10～35 ℃;
5) product is through after dialysing, and it is horseradish peroxidase that freeze-drying obtains core, and shell is crosslinked macromolecular material, the horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle that has chemical bond to connect between the nucleocapsid.
In the present invention, described alkenyl monomer is the mixture of at least a mono alkenyl monomer and at least a polyene-based monomer class material.Described mono alkenyl monomer can be selected from one or more the mixture in acrylamide, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methylacrylate, Hydroxyethyl acrylate, Propylene glycol monoacrylate, the Rocryl 410.Described polyene-based monomer can be selected from N, the mixture of one or more in N '-methylene diacrylamide, suitable divinyl, the trihydroxy methyl propane trimethyl acrylic ester.
In the present invention, described enzyme modification agent is to contain a carbon carbon unsaturated double-bond in the molecular structure at least and can react with the amino acid of horseradish peroxidase to form the material of chemical bonding.Described enzyme modification agent can be selected from one or more mixture of vinylformic acid succinimide ester, acrylate chloride, itaconic anhydride.
In the present invention, described initiator is under 10～35 ℃ of conditions, has 20～35kcal/mol dissociation energy and can produce free radical to cause alkenyl monomer polymeric persulfuric acid salt material or peroxide material.Described initiator can be selected from one or more and ferrous salt, sulphite, the N of Potassium Persulphate, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, hydrogen peroxide, N, N ', the composite initiation system of N '-Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine, piperidines, one or more compositions of N-methylmorpholine.
In the present invention, described buffered soln is one or more the aqueous solution in sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassiumphosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, boric acid, Sodium Tetraborate, potassium borate, yellow soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, salt of wormwood, the saleratus.
In the present invention, described aqueous solutions of organic solvent is the aqueous solution that contains one or more organic solvents in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methyl alcohol, dioxane, acetonitrile, ethanol, the acetone, and wherein, the weight percent of organic solvent is in 0.5～8% scope.
Horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of the present invention has higher bio-catalytical oxidation activity, because enzyme and outer core polymer are covalently bound, the problem that the polymer of shell can not occur coming off is more remarkable to the improvement of the physicochemical property of horseradish peroxidase.Crosslinked polymer shell has been strengthened the structure of horseradish peroxidase greatly, thereby the inactivation problem that the structure thermal vibration that has effectively stoped the horseradish peroxidase under the high temperature causes, small molecules chemically modified is in the past compared, and is better to the stabilising effect of horseradish peroxidase.Hydrophilic shell can effectively be a horseradish peroxidase storage configuration necessary water in the polar organic solvent aqueous solution simultaneously, and these structure necessary waters have effectively guaranteed the activity of horseradish peroxidase.And be as thin as severally because particle diameter is in nanometer range, shell, therefore the substrate mass transfer do not had tangible influence to tens nanometers.In sum, horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of the present invention has active height, thermostability is strong, the organic solvent-resistant ability is strong, particle diameter is little, specific surface area is high, no mass transfer diffusional resistance characteristics.The horseradish peroxidase of this nano-polymer biocatalyst particle form is with a wide range of applications in nano science and biocatalysis field as a kind of high performance nano enzyme preparation.
Preparation method's of the present invention core is how preparation process keeps the activity of horseradish peroxidase, and higher preparation yield can be provided again simultaneously.Therefore the present invention has used temperature control on the horseradish peroxidase surface by enzyme modification agent introducing carbon-carbon double bond group stage and radical polymerization stage, guarantee that preparation temperature occurs in 4-35 ℃, can avoid the inactivation problem of horseradish peroxidase in preparation process as far as possible, preparation process can cause the inactivation of horseradish peroxidase hardly, so the loss of activity of horseradish peroxidase is few; Simultaneously in order to guarantee that radical polymerization can obtain higher yield under lower preparation temperature, used composite initiation system, in order to guarantee that radical polymerization mainly occurs in the enzyme surface, used aqueous solutions of organic solvent as the radical polymerization environment, guaranteed that radical polymerization mainly occurs in the enzyme surface.This preparation method can prepare the preparation horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of the following yardstick of 100 nanometers simultaneously, has avoided high resistance to mass transfer in the enzyme immobilization process in the past, and method is easy, be easy to industrial implementation and amplification.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for utilizing high resolving power transmission electron microscope observing horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle aspect graph of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the thermostability comparison diagram of horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle enzyme of the present invention and natural horseradish peroxidase.
Fig. 3 be horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle enzyme of the present invention and natural horseradish peroxidase in the aqueous solution of three kinds of organic solvents 15%, the stable comparison diagram under 60 ℃.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of the present invention and preparation method thereof is given further instruction, but do not limit the present invention.The horseradish peroxidase that is used for chemically modified among the embodiment derives from commercial enzyme or comes from the extract of plant horseradish.
Embodiment 1: raw material is that horseradish peroxidase is 10 parts by weight, the enzyme modification agent is that the vinylformic acid succinimide ester is 2 parts by weight, alkenyl monomer is the mixture of 20 parts of acrylamides and 5 parts of methylene diacrylamides, add up to 25 parts, initiator is 2 parts of Ammonium Persulfate 98.5s and 3 parts of N, N, N ', the mixture of N '-Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine adds up to 5 parts.
It is that reaction is 1 hour under 25 ℃ of conditions in 9 the 100mM borate buffer solution that above-mentioned horseradish peroxidase and enzyme modification agent are added pH, and modifier and borate are removed in the water dialysis.The mixture that obtains joined in 2% the dimethyl sulphoxide aqueous solution, add 50% of above-mentioned alkenyl monomer amount, temperature remains 25 ℃, and magnetic agitation adds above-mentioned initiator, reacted 0.5 hour, add remaining alkenyl monomer, temperature remains 25 ℃, continues reaction 2 hours, utilize deionized water dialysis 24 hours then, freeze-drying can obtain horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle.This particle has the horseradish peroxidase biology catalytic activity, is nucleocapsid structure, and core is a horseradish peroxidase, and shell is crosslinked macromolecular material, has chemical bond to connect between the nucleocapsid.Those skilled in the art will appreciate that described horseradish peroxidase biology catalytic activity is meant that oxidation has the ability of the material of reductibility under the superoxide existence condition.
Connecting the biology catalytic activity total recovery that aniline measures nano-polymer biocatalyst particle as substrate with tetramethyl-is 95%.The polyreaction yield is 92%.
Utilize the form of the above-mentioned horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of high resolving power transmission electron microscope observing, the result as shown in Figure 1, median size is 18nm, size distribution is comparatively even.Residual activity such as Fig. 2 under 10 minutes differing tempss, the contrast of the thermostability of its thermostability and natural horseradish peroxidase is brought up to 70 ℃ from 42 ℃, approximately improves 28 ℃.Itself and natural horseradish peroxidase in the aqueous solution of three kinds of organic solvents 15% 60 ℃ stable comparing results are as shown in Figure 3 down, natural horseradish peroxidase is at 60 ℃, loss of activity almost completely under 10 minutes conditions, and horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle has still kept about 80% activity in three kinds of different aqueous solutions of organic solvent.
Embodiment 2: raw material is that horseradish peroxidase is 10 parts by weight, the enzyme modification agent is that acrylate chloride is 20 parts by weight, alkenyl monomer is the mixture of 60 parts of acrylamides and 15 parts of methylene diacrylamides, add up to 75 parts, initiator is 5 parts of Ammonium Persulfate 98.5s and 10 parts of N, N, N ', the mixture of N '-Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine adds up to 15 parts.
It is that reaction is 2 hours under 4 ℃ of conditions in 7 the 100mM buffer solution of sodium phosphate that above-mentioned horseradish peroxidase and enzyme modification agent are added pH, and modifier and phosphoric acid salt are removed in the water dialysis.The mixture that obtains joined in 5% the acetonitrile solution, add 20% of alkenyl monomer amount, temperature remains 25 ℃, and magnetic agitation adds initiator, reacted 0.5 hour, add remaining alkenyl monomer, temperature remains 25 ℃, continues reaction 3 hours, utilize deionized water dialysis 24 hours then, freeze-drying can obtain horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle.Connecting the biology catalytic activity total recovery that aniline measures nano-polymer biocatalyst particle as substrate with tetramethyl-is 93%, and the polyreaction yield is 90%, and the product particle diameter is 35～40nm.
Embodiment 3: the mixture that the alkenyl monomer among the embodiment 1 is changed into 20 parts of sodium acrylates and 5 parts of methylene diacrylamides, the amount of initiator increases to 10 parts Ammonium Persulfate 98.5 and 10 parts N, N, N ', the mixture of N '-Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine initiator, all the other prescriptions are identical with embodiment 1 with step, and activity yield, stability, the polyreaction yield that obtain product this moment are suitable with embodiment 1, and the product particle diameter is 14～18nm.
Embodiment 4: change the alkenyl monomer among the embodiment 1 into 40 parts of Hydroxyethyl acrylates and 10 parts of methylene diacrylamides, the Raolical polymerizable temperature is 35 ℃, for the first time adding the alkenyl monomer amount is 30%, initiator is 10 parts Potassium Persulphate and 5 parts sodium bisulfite, all the other prescriptions are identical with embodiment 1 with step, this moment, to obtain its lytic activity yield be 91%, and the stability of product, polyreaction yield are suitable with embodiment 1, and the product particle diameter is 20～25nm.
Embodiment 5: change the enzyme modification agent among the embodiment 2 into 10 parts of itaconic anhydrides, alkenyl monomer is the mixture of the trihydroxy methyl propane trimethyl acrylic ester of 80 parts acrylamide and 20 parts, free radical reaction solution is 6% dioxane, temperature of reaction is 35 ℃, initiator is the mixture of the sodium bisulfite of 10 parts Potassium Persulphate and 5 parts, all the other prescriptions are identical with embodiment 2 with step, stability, activity yield and the polyreaction yield that obtain product this moment are suitable with embodiment 2, and the product particle diameter is 45～55nm.
Embodiment 6: the mixture that the alkenyl monomer among the embodiment 1 is changed into 40 parts of sodium acrylates, 40 parts of acrylamides and 20 parts of methylene diacrylamides, the Raolical polymerizable temperature is 10 ℃, the two-stage polymerization reaction times was respectively 1 hour and 5 hours, all the other prescriptions are identical with embodiment 2 with step, stability, activity yield, the polyreaction yield that obtain product this moment are suitable with embodiment 2, and the product particle diameter is 35～45nm.
Comparative example 1: the preparation method is with embodiment 1, but do not add methylene diacrylamide, and all the other prescriptions are identical with embodiment 1 with step, and product polymerization yield has only 65%, and product stability is compared very poor with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2: the preparation method is with embodiment 2, but with monomer acrylamide and the disposable adding of methylene diacrylamide, it is irregular to obtain the product particle diameter, and product polymerization yield is lower.
Comparative example 3: the preparation method is with embodiment 1, but radical polymerization is combined under 45 ℃ and carries out, the activity yield that obtains product this moment only 45%.
The present invention can summarize with other the specific form without prejudice to spirit of the present invention or principal character.Therefore, no matter from which point, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention all can only be thought can not limit the present invention to explanation of the present invention, claims have been pointed out scope of the present invention, therefore, suitable with claims of the present invention contain with scope in any change, all will be understood that it is to be included in the scope of claims.
Claims (10)
1, horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle, it is characterized in that: nano particle with nucleocapsid structure of horseradish peroxidase biology catalytic activity, core is a horseradish peroxidase, and shell is crosslinked macromolecular material, has chemical bond to connect between the nucleocapsid; This particle is a raw material with following material:
Horseradish peroxidase: be 10 parts by weight,
The enzyme modification agent: be 2～40 parts by weight,
Alkenyl monomer: be 20～200 parts by weight,
Initiator: be 0.5～20 part by weight,
Obtain by the radical polymerization preparation, its concrete processing step is as follows:
1) horseradish peroxidase and the enzyme modification agent with described proportioning adds in the buffered soln of pH between 7～10, reacts 0.5～6 hour under 4～35 ℃ of conditions;
2) mixture that step 1) is obtained joins in the aqueous solutions of organic solvent, add described proportioning alkenyl monomer weight 10～50%;
3) initiator of the described proportioning of adding reacted 0.5～2 hour down at 10～35 ℃;
4) add remaining alkenyl monomer, continue reaction 1～6 hour down at 10～35 ℃;
5) product is through after dialysing, and it is horseradish peroxidase that freeze-drying obtains core, and shell is crosslinked macromolecular material, the horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle that has chemical bond to connect between the nucleocapsid.
2, according to the described horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described alkenyl monomer is the mixture of at least a mono alkenyl monomer and at least a polyene-based monomer class material.
3, according to the described horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described enzyme modification agent is to contain a carbon carbon unsaturated double-bond in the molecular structure at least and can react with the amino acid of horseradish peroxidase to form the material of chemical bonding.
4, according to the described horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described initiator is under 10～35 ℃ of conditions, has 20～35kcal/mol dissociation energy and can produce free radical to cause alkenyl monomer polymeric persulfuric acid salt material or peroxide material.
5, the radical polymerization preparation method of the described horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method is a raw material with horseradish peroxidase, enzyme modification agent, alkenyl monomer and initiator, and wherein the content of each composition is:
Horseradish peroxidase: be 10 parts by weight,
The enzyme modification agent: be 2～40 parts by weight,
Alkenyl monomer: be 20～200 parts by weight
Initiator: be 0.5～20 part by weight;
Concrete processing step is as follows:
1) horseradish peroxidase and the enzyme modification agent with described proportioning adds in the buffered soln of pH between 7～10, reacts 0.5～6 hour under 4～35 ℃ of conditions;
2) mixture that step 1) is obtained joins in the aqueous solutions of organic solvent, add described proportioning alkenyl monomer weight 10～50%;
3) initiator of the described proportioning of adding reacted 0.5～2 hour down at 10～35 ℃;
4) add remaining alkenyl monomer, continue reaction 1～6 hour down at 10～35 ℃;
5) product is through after dialysing, and it is horseradish peroxidase that freeze-drying obtains core, and shell is crosslinked macromolecular material, the horse-radish peroxidase nano-polymer biocatalyst particle that has chemical bond to connect between the nucleocapsid.
6, according to the described preparation method of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described alkenyl monomer is the mixture of at least a mono alkenyl monomer and at least a polyene-based monomer class material.
7, according to the described preparation method of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described enzyme modification agent is to contain a carbon carbon unsaturated double-bond in the molecular structure at least and can react with the amino acid of horseradish peroxidase to form the material of chemical bonding.
8, according to the described preparation method of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described initiator is under 10～35 ℃ of conditions, has 20～35kcal/mol dissociation energy and can produce free radical to cause alkenyl monomer polymeric persulfuric acid salt material or peroxide material.
9, preparation method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described buffered soln is one or more the aqueous solution in sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassiumphosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, boric acid, Sodium Tetraborate, potassium borate, yellow soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, salt of wormwood, the saleratus.
10, preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described aqueous solutions of organic solvent is the aqueous solution that contains one or more organic solvents in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methyl alcohol, dioxane, acetonitrile, ethanol, the acetone, wherein, the weight percent of organic solvent is in 0.5～8% scope.
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| CN101838640B (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2012-05-02 | 浙江大学 | Unimolecule embedding method for enzyme |
| CN102229923B (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2013-03-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Lipase nano-sized polymer biocatalyst particle and preparation method thereof |
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