CN100438834C - 后椎骨支撑组件 - Google Patents

后椎骨支撑组件 Download PDF

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CN100438834C
CN100438834C CNB038214334A CN03821433A CN100438834C CN 100438834 C CN100438834 C CN 100438834C CN B038214334 A CNB038214334 A CN B038214334A CN 03821433 A CN03821433 A CN 03821433A CN 100438834 C CN100438834 C CN 100438834C
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CN1681444A (zh
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让·泰勒
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7062—Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7062—Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
    • A61B17/7067—Devices bearing against one or more spinous processes and also attached to another part of the spine; Tools therefor

Abstract

本发明涉及包括构成为插入到被治疗的两个椎骨(2)的棘突(9)之间的棘突间楔形块(5)，其中至少设计为放置在椎骨的棘突之间的一个区域由可弹性变形的材料制成。组件(1)还包括：两个压缩侧部件(6)，设计为沿纵向放置在楔形块(5)的两侧上，所述压缩侧部件(6)在释放位置和压缩位置之间是可变形的，其中在释放位置，所述压缩侧部件沿横向与楔形块(5)相对地分开布置，其中在压缩位置，所述压缩侧部件沿横向相对地靠近楔形块(5)；两个侧部传动部件(7)，放置在压缩侧部件(6)与楔形块(5)之间，构成为在楔形块(5)的棘突间区域(10)处沿横向抵靠在楔形块(5)上。

Description

后椎骨支撑组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种后椎骨支撑组件。
在两椎骨的椎间盘退化，和/或韧带拉伸退化的情况下，将楔形块放置在两椎骨的棘突之间使得椎骨支撑成为可能是公知的。在这方面，本申请的所有者提交的申请号为FR 9403716和FR 9802300的法国专利申请作为参考。
背景技术
这些早期专利申请中的楔形块通过将两个独立的韧带连接到两个被治疗的椎骨的棘突上，每一个韧带穿过楔形块并紧密地围绕相对应的棘突。在脊柱以向前方向弯曲时，棘突彼此分开，从而导致楔形块的纵向拉伸。
这种纵向拉伸的缺点在于沿纵向的牵引方向挤压楔形块。然而，这种牵引作用的情况可以认为是完美的，特别在为了获得对于椎骨运动的辅助的并受限的控制时，在大量重复这种牵引的使用的危害下会影响楔形块的寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改进这种缺陷。
本发明的组件，就其本身而言，包括构成为插入到被治疗的两椎骨的棘突之间的棘突间楔形块，其中至少设计为放置在椎骨的棘突之间的区域由可弹性变形的材料制成。
本发明的组件还包括：
-两个压缩侧部件，设计为沿纵向放置在楔形块的两侧上，所述压缩侧部件在释放位置和压缩位置之间是可变形的，当椎骨处于脊柱前凸内时或当脊柱被拉伸时，所述压缩侧部件处于释放位置，且其沿横向与楔形块相对地分开布置；在脊柱弯曲时所述压缩侧部件处于压缩位置，且其沿横向相对地靠近楔形块；和
-两个侧部传动部件，放置在压缩侧部件与楔形块之间，恰当地构成为当压缩侧部件移置所述压缩位置时，在设计成处于椎骨的棘突之间的楔形块的区域处，所述侧部传动部件沿横向压靠在楔形块上。
因此，本发明的组件在脊柱弯曲运动的过程中，在楔形块上施加逐渐形成的横向压缩是可行的。这种压缩在棘突间分离结合倾斜(distancing combining tilting)和向前滑动的运动中，由于楔形块产生的位移限制会减小作用在楔形块上的剪切应力。
优选的，楔形块的横向压缩从楔形块的寿命考虑可优化(pure)纵向拉伸，由于其沿纵向补偿了楔形块的应力。
沿楔形块的横向设计为放置在棘突之间的楔形块的区域由具有压缩性限制的材料制成，然后组件可被构成在被治疗的椎骨到达预定的倾斜位置时达到该限制。
构成压缩侧部件也是可行的，从而部件沿横向具有变形的限制，该变形的限制在被治疗的椎骨到达预定的倾斜位置时是可达到的。
压缩侧部件可以在所述释放位置和压缩位置之间非弹性的或弹性的变形。在后一种情况下，将部件回弹到其中间位置的力有利于阻尼被治疗的椎骨的倾斜运动。
同样地，压缩侧部件沿其纵向可弹性的变形到相同的端部。
本发明的一个实施例，压缩侧部件彼此独立，且在一端将每一个压缩侧部件连接到其中一个被治疗的椎骨上，并在另一端连接到另一个被治疗的椎骨上。典型地，通过与孔眼或设置在压缩侧部件的固定件啮合的椎弓根螺钉，压缩侧部件的端部与椎骨的连接可在椎骨的椎弓根处实现。
在上面的椎骨中，压缩侧部件与椎骨的连接，通过该椎骨板下面的部件的通道也可以实现。这种薄板通道对椎弓根的保护是可行的，并在纵向拉伸的过程中尽可能恰当地置于中心位置，以有利于作用在楔形块上的横向压力。在下面的椎骨中，这些相同的压缩侧部件也可连接到特别是在椎板切除术情况下置于下面椎骨上的椎弓根间的横向连接杆，从而对应力集中的减小是可行的。类似地，压缩侧部件可连接到与下面两个椎骨的关节固定系统相连的连接杆上。
本发明的另一个实施例中，压缩侧部件通过绕被治疗的两个椎骨的棘突啮合的环形带的两侧部分形成。
侧部传动部件本身可由一方面抵靠在压缩侧部件上的小型杆，并在另一方面典型地通过小型支撑板抵靠在楔形块上而构成。
同样地，这些相同的压缩侧部件可由即可连接到其上或连接到楔形块上的凸台构成。在后一种情况下，凸台可与楔形块整体形成。
楔形块可完全由可弹性变形的材料如硅制成，典型地，其包括由这种材料制成的芯部和包含芯部的织物包膜(textile envelope)。
楔形块还可由一组适于弯曲的弹性材料形成。
楔形块可包括横向放置在设计成置于棘突之间的区域中的弹簧。
为对其更加了解，本发明结合随附的附图、通过组件的非限定的示例和一些可行的实施例在下面进行描述。
附图说明
图1是在将两椎骨定位后的简化的后视图；
图2是类似于图1的本发明的第二实施例的视图；
图3是类似于图1、仅示出椎骨的棘突的本发明的第三实施例的视图；
图4是类似于图3的不同的视图。
具体实施方式
图1表示放置在两个椎骨2上的适当位置并受到盘3的退化和/或韧带拉伸影响的后椎骨支撑组件1。
组件1包括棘突间楔形块5，两个压缩侧部件6和两个侧部传动部件7。
楔形块5由可弹性弯曲的材料制成，包括两个曲形的凹槽8，以允许将楔形块5插入到两椎骨2的棘突9之间。根据申请号为FR9802300的法国专利申请，棘突9可典型地与楔形块相配合。就是说：
-包括由硅制成的芯部和由聚酯纤维制成的包膜；
-具有棘突间部分10，其当椎骨2位于脊柱前凸内时具有大于使棘突9分隔开的距离的高度，以使其当楔形块5插入到突起9之间时被压缩释放盘3，以及将韧带复位到功能张紧位置，和
-具有限定曲形凹槽8的凸出部11，当棘突间部分10被压缩时，该突出部11主要包住突起9并围绕突起9自行密封。
然而，图1中的楔形块5与申请号为FR9802300的前述法国专利的不同在于其具有半球形的侧壁，使楔形块5在棘突间部分10上具有相对大的宽度。
每一个部件6由可弹性变形的合成材料制成的薄板15和连接到薄板15端部的两个孔眼16形成。薄板15弯曲形成并在凸面中部位置包括部件7，所述凸面设计为朝向楔形块5弯曲。
孔眼16设计成容纳将部件6锚固到椎骨2上的椎弓根螺钉。
每一个部件7通过固定到部件6上的小的刚性杆20形成，并在基本上垂直于与其相连接的部件6的区域中定位。所述杆20在被插入后放置在楔形块5的棘突间部分10上。
每一个杆20与用于抵靠部分10的小型板21刚性连接。
本发明的组件1在椎骨2处于脊柱前凸内时位于图1的位置。
在脊柱被拉伸时，椎骨2沿突起9彼此被拉近的方向转动，从而导致楔形块5被压缩到构成楔形块芯部材料的弹性限制内。因此，在不到达所述弹性限制时可获得对于椎骨2转动运动的阻尼，然后，在到达所述弹性限制时抑制该运动。在楔形块5的压缩过程中，由于椎骨2的阻尼运动，部件6沿其曲率增加的方向变形。同样地，部件6将楔形块5完美地定位在突起9之间。
在脊柱弯曲时，椎骨2沿突起9彼此被分隔开的方向转动，从而导致部件6的曲率减小。然后，部件7沿横向压靠在楔形块5上，从而对于椎骨2运动的阻尼也是可行的。接着，在到达形成楔形块5的芯部材料的弹性限制时和/或在部件接近基本上直线时抑制了椎骨2的运动。
图2示出类似于上面所述的组件1，除了部件6通过与绕椎骨2的突起9接合的环形带25的两个侧部分形成外。重复出现在第二实施例中已经描述的其他部分或部件，不再进行描述，并由与图1相同的参考标号指定。
带25可由稍微具有弹性拉伸的材料制成，因而，在脊柱弯曲时也有利于对于椎骨2的转动运动的阻尼并阻碍椎骨2的转动运动。
图3和图4示出组件1的第三实施例，其中第三实施例类似于图2中所示，除了小型杆20和板21由穿过带25的侧部分的凸台30取代。凸台30可固定到楔形块5上或与其整体形成，如图3中所示，或与带25刚性连接并抵靠在楔形块5上。可选择的，楔形块包含侧部凹槽以容纳凸台30，如图4所示。
从前述可看出，本发明通过在脊柱弯曲运动过程中沿纵向设置不挤压楔形块的后椎骨支撑组件，而提供了与现有技术相比的显著的改进。通过该组件可获得对于椎骨运动的完美的控制，且楔形块的寿命不受椎骨重复运动的影响。
本发明不限于上述实施例中所描述的，相反本发明可包括实施例中的所有变化，而落入随后的权利要求书所限定的保护限制内，这是不言而喻的。

Claims (13)

1.一种后椎骨支撑组件(1)，包括构成为插入到被治疗的两个椎骨(2)的棘突(9)之间的棘突间楔形块(5)，其中至少设计为放置在椎骨的棘突之间的区域由可弹性变形的材料制成；
一个支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，包括：
-两个压缩侧部件(6)，设计为沿纵向放置在楔形块(5)的两侧上，所述压缩侧部件(6)在释放位置和压缩位置之间是可变形的，当椎骨(2)处于脊柱前凸内时或当脊柱被拉伸时，所述压缩侧部件(6)处于释放位置，且其沿横向与楔形块(5)相对地分开布置，在脊柱弯曲时所述压缩侧部件(6)处于压缩位置，且沿横向相对地靠近楔形块(5)；和
-两个侧部传动部件(7)，放置在压缩侧部件(6)与楔形块(5)之间，恰当地构成为当压缩侧部件(6)移置到所述压缩位置时，在设计成放置在椎骨(2)的棘突(9)之间的楔形块(5)的区域(10)处、侧部传动部件(7)沿横向抵靠在楔形块(5)上。
2.如权利要求1所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，构成设计为放置在棘突之间的楔形块(5)的区域的材料沿楔形块(5)的横向具有压缩性的限制，并且支撑组件(1)构成为在被治疗的椎骨(2)到达预定倾斜位置时，达到该限制。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，压缩侧部件(6)构成为沿横向具有变形的限制，在被治疗的椎骨(2)到达预定倾斜位置时，达到该变形的限制。
4.如权利要求1所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，压缩侧部件(6)构成为在所述释放和压缩位置之间可弹性变形。
5.如权利要求1所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，压缩侧部件(6)构成为沿压缩侧部件(6)的纵向可弹性变形。
6.如权利要求1所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，压缩侧部件(6)彼此独立，并且每一个压缩侧部件(6)在一端连接到其中一个被治疗的椎骨(2)上，并在另一端连接到被治疗的另一椎骨(2)上。
7.如权利要求6所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，每一个压缩侧部件(6)包括薄板(15)和连接到所述薄板(15)的端部的孔眼(16)或固定件，所述孔眼(16)或固定件设计为用于容纳将压缩侧部件(6)锚固到椎骨(2)上的椎弓根锚固螺钉。
8.如权利要求1所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，压缩侧部件构成为能够在上面椎骨板的薄板下面穿过。
9.如权利要求7所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，压缩侧部件构成为能连接到置于下面椎骨上的椎弓根间的横向连接杆。
10.如权利要求7所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，压缩侧部件构成为能连接到一个连接杆上，该连接杆连接到两个下面椎骨的关节固定系统上。
11.如权利要求1所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，压缩侧部件(6)由一个环形带(25)的两侧部分形成，该环形带绕被治疗的两个椎骨(2)的棘突(9)接合。
12.如权利要求1所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，侧部传动部件(7)由一方面抵靠在压缩侧部件(6)上，另一方面抵靠在楔形块(5)上的小型杆(20)构成。
13.如权利要求1所述的支撑组件(1)，其特征在于，侧部传动部件(7)由与压缩侧部件(6)或楔形块(5)连接的凸台(30)构成。
CNB038214334A 2002-09-10 2003-09-03 后椎骨支撑组件 Expired - Fee Related CN100438834C (zh)

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FR02/11189 2002-09-10
FR0211189A FR2844179B1 (fr) 2002-09-10 2002-09-10 Ensemble de soutien vertebral posterieur

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KR101059037B1 (ko) 2011-08-24
EP1545354A1 (fr) 2005-06-29
US8043336B2 (en) 2011-10-25
CA2497998A1 (fr) 2004-03-25
CN1681444A (zh) 2005-10-12
KR20050038652A (ko) 2005-04-27
US20060136060A1 (en) 2006-06-22
US7776069B2 (en) 2010-08-17
AU2003278251A1 (en) 2004-04-30
FR2844179A1 (fr) 2004-03-12
ATE324074T1 (de) 2006-05-15
JP4410678B2 (ja) 2010-02-03
DE60304880D1 (de) 2006-06-01
JP2006507039A (ja) 2006-03-02
WO2004024010A1 (fr) 2004-03-25
AU2003278251B2 (en) 2009-03-05
FR2844179B1 (fr) 2004-12-03
DE60304880T2 (de) 2006-11-02
EP1545354B1 (fr) 2006-04-26
US20100121456A1 (en) 2010-05-13
ES2264536T3 (es) 2007-01-01

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