CN100438204C - Battery pack and its charging/discharging method - Google Patents
Battery pack and its charging/discharging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100438204C CN100438204C CNB2003801002894A CN200380100289A CN100438204C CN 100438204 C CN100438204 C CN 100438204C CN B2003801002894 A CNB2003801002894 A CN B2003801002894A CN 200380100289 A CN200380100289 A CN 200380100289A CN 100438204 C CN100438204 C CN 100438204C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
A battery pack and its charging/discharging method enabling suppression of inactivation of a secondary battery by refreshing the secondary battery such as a nickel-hydrogen battery. A battery pack (101) comprises a cell group of interconnected secondary cells, i.e., unit cells, sensors for sensing temperature and voltage, display means for displaying the state of the cell group, a switch for controlling charging/discharging of the cell group, a calculation/control circuit (4) for allowing the display means to display the state of the cell group according to the signals from the sensors and generating a signal to operate the switch. The battery pack (101) further comprises a refresh request display means (13) for displaying a message to the effect that refresh charging/discharging is necessary. There is used a method in which when the voltage of the secondary battery reaches a discharge end voltage, refresh charging/discharging is automatically performed if the recovery voltage after a predetermined elapse of time is below a predetermined voltage. With this, even a secondary battery left for a long time and inactivated can be refresh charged/discharged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the battery pack (battery pack) that constitutes by secondary cells such as alkaline batterys and be used for using effectively the battery control method of the charging/discharging thereof etc. of battery pack, battery control method when being particularly related to the discharging and recharging of battery pack that the secondary cell by constituting with the nickel-hydrogen dattery group that uses constitutes in such battery pack, and the method that the battery capacity of the secondary cell that constitutes battery pack is used effectively.
Background technology
In recent years, because the fast development of electronic technology, small-sized, the lightweight of electronic installation become possibility, wirelessization, portability fast development.Along with the development of these devices, the use for electronic equipment power supply is also used the battery of the high-energy-density under small-sized, the light weight, and (storage battery: requirement secondary cell) also strengthens.And, with the electric tool be the power purposes at center and reserve purposes etc. to start with, this battery is used as multi-purpose power supply.(secondary) battery as using in these power supplys so far uses cadmium-nickel storage cell widely.But, require and to the attention of the environmental problem in the world according to the high capacity that strengthens, recently,, developed nickel-hydrogen dattery and be diffused in the market as the commodity that replace cadmium-nickel storage cell.
In the past, in the battery pack of using these secondary cells to constitute, because battery loses activity in repeated charge, cause battery capacity to reduce, can not obtain sufficient battery capacity, in addition, if place battery for a long time, then because battery self-discharge etc. produce the tendency that cell voltage reduces.The deactivated reason of these batteries is because repeated charge is reduced at anodal oxide, and is oxidized at negative pole hydride on the contrary, in order to eliminate the deactivated state of the battery that causes owing to these reasons, needs to upgrade (refresh) and discharges and recharges.
Consider to be used to carry out the whole bag of tricks that this renewal discharges and recharges.If for example, then because on one side by counting charging times or discharge time, carry out the demonstration of necessary renewal discharge, and on one side when battery temperature uprises, be easy to generate the memory effect of battery, so having proposed increases count number according to temperature, reduce the method (for example with reference to Japanese publication communique: the spy opens 2001-126776 number) of upgrading charging times.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the divided battery of expression for an example of the capacity method for expressing that the secondary cell that uses in such renewal in the past discharges and recharges is described.In Fig. 3, the divided battery that uses in the capacity display packing (perhaps battery pack) 101 comprises: if charge repeatedly and discharge, then because memory effect, the secondary cell 103 of the type that the capacity that can discharge tails off, the remaining capacity display 113 that number or liquid crystal display etc. show the remaining capacity of divided battery of lighting with a plurality of indicator lights, detect the charging current of battery and the current detection circuit 114 of discharging current, 103 configurations of contact secondary cell, detect the temperature sensor 104 of the temperature of secondary cell 103, be connected switch 106 between secondary cell 103 and the lead-out terminal 105 by what thyristors such as FET and transistor constituted, control this switch 106, the remaining capacity of computing simultaneously, and then the computing control circuit 107 of the new period more, in order to eliminate the memory effect of secondary cell 103, make the refresh circuit 108 of secondary cell 103 deep discharges and the refresh display 109 of display update.
The temperature sensor 104 of battery pack 101 detects the temperature of secondary cell 103, and temperature signal is input to control circuit 107.Switch 106 switches to conducting by control circuit 107 controls when charging secondary cell 103, if full charging, then switch 106 is switched to and ends, and prevents overcharging of secondary cell 103.And switch 106 also switches to conducting by control circuit 107 controls when discharge secondary cell 103, if but secondary cell 103 discharges fully, and then switch 106 is switched to once more and is ended, and prevents the overdischarge of secondary cell 103.
In the capacity display packing of such secondary cell in the past, upgrading between the discharge, discharge when discharge stops voltage at the state of secondary cell from full charging, accumulated value computing full charge capacity according to discharging current, full charge capacity according to computing is proofreaied and correct remaining capacity, proofreaies and correct remaining capacity with count value afterwards.And the charging times of counting secondary cell when charging times reaches the number of times of regulation, carries out the update displayed of secondary cell.And then the temperature of detection battery, if battery temperature uprises, then reduce the charging times that upgrades secondary cell.
But, in the method for such counting charging times, irrelevant with the real charging and discharging state of battery, number of times according to charge/discharge upgrades charge/discharge, so, under the deactivated situation of battery, have the problem of the demonstration of not upgrading charge/discharge in long-term placement.If further specify, then under Charge is 50 times the situation of charge-discharge system of renewal charge/discharge, for example, after 25 charge/discharge, under the state that neither charging is not also discharged, place for a long time, under the deactivated situation of battery, because discontented 50 times of charging times, so do not upgrade charge/discharge, owing to carry out common charge/discharge, so on one side battery produces memory effect, battery becomes deactivated state on one side, so internal resistance uprises, generation can not fully be carried out heavy-current discharge, can not effectively utilize the problem that should solve of battery.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that the problem in the method that discharges and recharges of the renewal for the above-mentioned secondary cell like that in the past that solve to constitute battery pack is finished, even purpose provides and is a kind ofly being placed for a long time, under the situation of deactivated secondary cell, also can upgrade discharging and recharging, effectively utilize the technology of secondary cell.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, battery pack of the present invention has following structure, comprising: unit group (cellgroup) has connected the secondary cell of a plurality of unit cells; A plurality of transducers, detected temperatures and voltage; Display unit, the state of display unit group; Switch, the discharging and recharging of control unit group; And computing/control circuit, signal according to a plurality of transducers, make the state of display unit display unit group, and produce the signal that makes switch motion, this battery pack also comprises: the update request display unit, be used for arriving final discharging voltage, when being less than or equal to assigned voltage, show the situation that needs to upgrade charging through the recovery voltage behind the official hour from secondary cell.
In addition, unit of the present invention group also has following structure, comprising: the unit group has connected the secondary cell of a plurality of unit cells; A plurality of transducers, detected temperatures and voltage; Display unit, the state of display unit group; Switch, the discharging and recharging of control unit group; And computing/control circuit, signal according to a plurality of transducers, make the state of display unit display unit group, and produce the signal that makes switch motion, in computing/control circuit, comprise: do not detect timer, control, begin when making from the charging beginning, transducer does not detect voltage during official hour, and this battery pack also comprises: the update request display unit, be used for computing/control circuit counting cell voltage during official hour and equal or exceed the number of times of the setting voltage of regulation,, then show the situation that needs to upgrade discharge if number of times equals or exceeds the number of times of regulation.
In addition, battery pack of the present invention also has following structure, comprising: the unit group has connected the secondary cell of a plurality of unit cells; A plurality of transducers, detected temperatures and voltage; Display unit, the state of display unit group; Switch, the discharging and recharging of control unit group; And computing/control circuit, signal according to a plurality of transducers, make the state of display unit display unit group, and produce the signal that makes switch motion, in computing/control circuit, comprise: do not detect timer, control, begin when making from the charging beginning, transducer does not detect voltage during official hour, and this battery pack also comprises: the update request display unit, be used for computing/control circuit counting cell voltage during official hour and equal or exceed the number of times of the setting voltage of regulation, equal or exceed stipulated number from number of times, perhaps battery reaches final discharging voltage and begins, and when being less than or equal to assigned voltage through the recovery voltage behind the official hour, showing needs to upgrade situation about discharging and recharging.
And then battery pack of the present invention also comprises the update request display unit, is used for reaching final discharging voltage from secondary cell, through 1 day or when surpassing that later recovery voltage was less than or equal to 1.15V in 1 day, shows the situation that needs to upgrade charging.Secondary cell is the alkaline battery with positive pole, negative pole, dividing plate and alkaline electrolyte based on nickel oxide.Negative pole is made of hydrogen bearing alloy.The temperature of the sensor secondary cell of while detected temperatures, and arithmetic control circuit is according to detected temperature computing rate of temperature change, if rate of temperature change surpasses the prescribed limit of setting, the switch that discharges and recharges that then generates by the control unit group makes the signal that charges and stop.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the charging/discharging thereof of battery of the present invention is comprising: the unit group has connected the secondary cell of a plurality of unit cells; A plurality of transducers, detected temperatures and voltage; Display unit, the state of display unit group; Switch, the discharging and recharging of control unit group; And computing/control circuit, signal according to a plurality of transducers, make the state of display unit display unit group, and produce in the battery pack of the signal that makes switch motion, arrive final discharging voltage from secondary cell, when being less than or equal to assigned voltage, upgrade charging through the recovery voltage behind the official hour.
And the charging/discharging thereof of battery of the present invention is comprising: the unit group has connected the secondary cell of a plurality of unit cells; A plurality of transducers, detected temperatures and voltage; Display unit, the state of display unit group; Switch, the discharging and recharging of control unit group; And computing/control circuit, signal according to a plurality of transducers, make the state of display unit display unit group, and produce in the battery pack of the signal that makes switch motion, in computing/control circuit, comprise and do not detect timer, control, so that when charging begins, begin, during official hour, described transducer does not detect voltage, make computing/control circuit counting cell voltage in described official hour equal or exceed the number of times of the setting voltage of regulation,, then upgrade discharge if number of times equals or exceeds the number of times of regulation.
And the charging/discharging thereof of battery of the present invention is comprising: the unit group has connected the secondary cell of a plurality of unit cells; A plurality of transducers, detected temperatures and voltage; Display unit, the state of display unit group; Switch, the discharging and recharging of control unit group; And computing/control circuit, signal according to a plurality of transducers, make the state of display unit display unit group, and produce in the battery pack of the signal that makes switch motion, control by the timer that do not detect that has in computing/control circuit, make transducer not detect voltage, when making computing/control circuit counting from the charging beginning, cell voltage equals or exceeds the number of times of the setting voltage of regulation in official hour, equal or exceed stipulated number from number of times, perhaps secondary cell reaches final discharging voltage and begins, and when being less than or equal to assigned voltage through the recovery voltage behind the official hour, upgrades discharging and recharging.
In addition, the charging/discharging thereof of battery of the present invention reaches final discharging voltage from secondary cell, through 1 day or surpass recovery voltage after 1 day when being less than or equal to 1.15V, upgrades charging.
In addition, the charging/discharging thereof of battery of the present invention is when upgrading charging, the value of representing the rated capacity of battery is made as It, by when being less than or equal to 5.0It, be charged to 90%～120% of initial capacity, and then be charged to the timer function that computing/control circuit of 150%～200% has, below 2.0It, carry out the time management charging.The temperature of sensor secondary cell, and arithmetic control circuit is according to detected temperature computing rate of temperature change, if rate of temperature change surpasses the prescribed limit of setting, control, send the signal that stops to charge with the switch that discharges and recharges to administrative unit groups.Except rate of temperature change being set at the structure of 0.5～4.0 ℃/min, and rate of temperature change is set at the structure of 1.0～3.0 ℃/min, also have by constant current charge-discharge method, constant voltage charging/discharging thereof or use the constant current charge-discharge method simultaneously and the method for constant voltage charging/discharging thereof in any one method discharge and recharge.
By above structure, be less than or equal under the situation of deactivated state of 1.15V at the cell voltage that formation is included in the unit cells in the battery pack, cell voltage reduces, and internal resistance increases.This be since on one side the reactivity of pole plate reduce, on one side liquid in the battery distribute and become inhomogeneous and phenomenon that produce, as original another side reaction that discharges and recharges reaction, the decomposition reaction of water takes place, produce oxygen and hydrogen, because this gas, the deterioration of battery is quickened, lifetime.At this moment, discharge and recharge, can realize the activate of pole plate, suppress the generation of oxygen, hydrogen, so can make the battery long lifetime by implementing to upgrade.
And, at charging initial stage voltage when sharply rising, and under the situation such as discharge sharp,, then promote the side reaction of inside battery if with high current charge-discharge, gas generated increase, the deterioration of acceleration battery, the life-span of secondary cell further shortens.Thus, by being charged to 90～120% of initial capacity to be less than or equal to 5.0It at first, further discharge again afterwards with trickle charge to 150～200% that is less than or equal to 2.0It, can suppress gas and produce, make the pole plate activate, so can make the secondary cell long-life.
And then when the renewal of at every turn carrying out secondary cell discharged and recharged, by the remaining capacity that resets, the capacity that the charge efficiency that can compensate the battery pack that causes because pole plate loses activity is reduced to main cause reduced, and can carry out high efficiency discharging and recharging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is used for illustrating that the renewal of secondary cell of the present invention discharges and recharges the capacity display packing of using and shows the block diagram that wraps battery.
Fig. 2 (a) is in the plane at center of positive terminal of the alkaline battery that comprises in by battery pack of the present invention, the profile of cutting open along longitudinal direction.
Fig. 2 (b) is the profile that the alkaline battery that comprises in the battery pack of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 (a) is cut open along A-A ' line.
Fig. 3 is used for illustrating in the past renewal discharging and recharging the example of capacity display packing of the secondary cell that uses and the block diagram of the bag battery that shows.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing to the battery pack of the secondary cell that used embodiments of the present invention and upgrade charging/discharging thereof and describe.
Fig. 1 is used for illustrating that the renewal of secondary cell of the present invention discharges and recharges the capacity display packing of using and shows the block diagram that wraps battery.In Fig. 1, in bag battery (being also referred to as battery pack) 101, comprise: read the voltage of the secondary cell 12 that constitutes battery pack 101 battery voltage detection portion 1, by the shunt resistance 11 that is connected to secondary cell 12 detect electric currents and carry out the charging and discharging currents test section 2 of the judgement whether battery discharged and recharged and for example detected temperatures such as thermistor with the sensor groups of temperature sensor 3 etc.Detection signal from these sensor groups is input in the computing/control circuit 4 of formation such as the semiconductor element that utilizes microcomputer IC, send signal to the charging that constitutes by switch elements such as FET from computing/control circuit 4 and end the control part 5, control charging current by the charging current cut-off parts 6 that still constitutes by switch elements such as FET.And, computing/control circuit 4 is according to information such as the battery temperature of using temperature sensor 3 from temperature detection and variation of temperature rates thereof, detecting under the situations such as temperature anomaly, unusual in order to show this, signal is outputed to the abnormal show parts 7 that for example constitute by LED etc.
And, the cell voltage that computing/control circuit 4 comparison battery voltage detection portions 1 read and the cell voltage of regulation, under the situation lower than set point, upgrade the information discharge and recharge in order to show needs, signal is for example outputed to the update request display unit 13 that constitutes by LED etc.Then, make 15 conductings of renewal switch according to this demonstration, will be sent to from the signal of computing/control circuit 4 charges ends control part 5, controls to upgrade by the switch of charging current cut-off parts 6 to discharge and recharge.In addition, battery pack 101 also comprises and upgrades the renewal discharge circuit that discharges and recharges 14 and be used for according to the signal of the computing/control circuit 4 discharge circuit cut-off parts 8 that is made of switch element by discharge.
And then, under the deactivated situation of secondary cell, after the charging beginning, producing rapid voltage rises, along with charging continues, this rapid rising is eliminated, the voltage that becomes mitigation rises, the battery pack of using in the renewal of the secondary cell of embodiments of the present invention discharges and recharges 101 is when the charging initial stage produces rapid like this voltage and rises, in order to prevent that battery voltage detection portion 1 from detecting voltage and voltage change ratio etc. and the voltage control by computing/control circuit 4 stops charging, also in computing/control circuit 4, have and do not detect timer (not shown), during certain hour (not detection time), the rapid voltage that does not detect secondary cell when the charging beginning rises.
At this not during detection time, the cell voltage that comparison battery voltage detection portion 1 reads and the cell voltage of regulation, under the situation lower than set point, read the number of times of the cell voltage higher than this set point with computing/control circuit 4 counting battery voltage detection portions 1, when this number of times is equal to or greater than set point, sends signal to and be used to represent that needs upgrade the update request display unit 13 that is made of LED etc. of situation about discharging and recharging.Then, in this case, also, upgrade discharge by upgrading discharge circuit 14 and discharge circuit cut-off parts 8 according to the demonstration of update request display unit 13.
In addition, as required, send signal to the residual amount display unit 9 that constitutes by LED and worsen detection part 10, carry out various demonstrations and handle.And, constituting charging in the switch element of control part 5, charging current cut-off parts 6 and discharge circuit cut-off parts 8, also can use semiconductor element or relays such as FET.
The renewal charging/discharging thereof of the battery pack that secondary cells such as alkaline battery of the present invention constitute is a method of utilizing charge-discharge control circuit with update functions to manage deactivated secondary cell.Below this management method is specifically described.
Here, as secondary cells such as alkaline battery 12, enumerate 10 capacity 3.5Ah, the series connection of the unit cells of voltage 1.2V becomes capacity 3.5Ah, the battery pack 101 of the structure of full battery rated voltage 12V.As the unit cells that is included in the secondary cell 12 in this battery pack 101, use the alkaline battery of structure as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 2 (a) is in the plane at center of positive terminal of the alkaline battery that comprises in by battery pack of the present invention, the profile of cutting open along longitudinal direction.Fig. 2 (b) is the profile of cutting open with the A-A ' line among Fig. 2 (a).
In Fig. 2, be to constitute pole plate group 20 based on the strip-shaped positive electrode plate 23 of nickel oxide and banded negative plate 24 with dividing plate 25 clampings of the band shape of marginal electric insulation, after the volume core whirlpool shape ground winding formation of pole plate group 20 with specified diameter, with the belt of insulating properties will pole plate group 20 around be fastened, with the copper solder bar with the metal current collector resistance welded of circular shape to just/ jut 27,29 of negative plate on.Metal current collector is welded on the metal shell 26, after the pole plate group 20 of inserting combination, insert the copper solder bar from the hollow hole part of having extracted the pole plate group 20 of rolling up core out, be electrically connected and the metal current collector 28 of the bottom welding of the jut 27 of the bottom that is positioned at negative plate 24 and the bottom of metal shell 26, inject the alkaline electrolyte of ormal weight from the upper opening portion of metal shell 26.Afterwards, has the metal hush panel 22 of the positive terminal 31 that covers shape from the upper opening portion insertion of metal shell 26, will be as the lead-in wire 30 of current collection joint and metal 22 following joint, at last, via the upper opening portion of packing ring 33 sealing metal shells 26 and the edge part of metal hush panel 22, become the alkaline battery of the structure shown in Figure 2 of embodiments of the present invention.And the structure as the secondary cell of unit cells that comprises in the battery pack of the present invention is not limited to alkaline battery shown in Figure 2, also can be to have utilized the nickel-hydrogen accumulator that hydrogen-bearing alloy powder is coated in the negative plate 24 on the core.
Return Fig. 1 again, battery voltage detection portion 1 monitors all voltage of the whole secondary cell additions that will comprise in the battery pack 101 often.If the secondary cell that comprises in the battery pack 101 discharge finishes, then cell voltage rises up to recovery voltage lentamente from the discharge end voltage after discharge finishes.Recovering the needed time is about 2～3 hours when very fast, according to the state of secondary cell, situation about needing more than 1 day is arranged also.At present, the cell voltage of the unit cells of the formation secondary cell 12 that comprises in the battery pack 101, be recovery voltage discharge finish and through the situation for the deactivated state that is less than or equal to 1.15V behind the official hour under, cell voltage reduces, internal resistance increases.This is because the reactivity of pole plate reduces, and the liquid issue in the battery is inhomogeneous, as original other side reaction that discharges and recharges reaction, the decomposition reaction of water takes place, and produces oxygen and hydrogen, because this gas, the deterioration of battery is quickened, the lost of life.Therefore, discharge and recharge, can realize the activate of pole plate, suppress the generation of oxygen and hydrogen, so can make the battery long lifetime by implementing to upgrade.
Specifically, the cell voltage of this unit cells (recovery voltage) finishes in discharge, after more than 1 day, suppose to be less than or equal to 1.15V/cell, then send signal from battery voltage detection portion 1 to the computing/control circuit 4 that is made of microcomputer, computing/control circuit 4 sends signal and demonstration to update request display unit 13.See that this battery capacity of expression reduces, need to upgrade the demonstration of the information of charging, push the renewal switch 15 that is connected to computing/control circuit 4, then computing/control circuit 4 signal that will be used to upgrade the charging beginning is transferred to the charging that is made of switch elements such as FET by control part 5.Thus, charging makes also the switch conduction of the charging current cut-off parts 6 that is made of switch elements such as FET and begins charging by control part 5.
And, as at charging initial stage voltage when sharply rising, and during deep discharge etc. like that, if with heavy-current discharge, then promote the side reaction in the battery, gas generated increase, the deterioration of secondary cell are quickened, the life-span of secondary cell further shortens.In other words, if battery overcharge, then the generation of gas sharply increases, and this increase also influences the size of charging current.In general, till 120%, with large current charge, for the situation more than or equal to this value (more than or equal to 120%), the electric current that then reduces charging continues charging.According to battery design, can be to be less than or equal to 120% with the scope of large current charge usually.Overcharging under the few situation of electric weight, be difficult to fully realize the activity of pole plate.Particularly because negative pole is 1.5 times of positive electrode capacity, so, then be difficult to realize the activity of pole plate if charge capacity is not charged to 1.5 times (150%) more than or equal to positive pole.If be charged to, then aggravate the deterioration of battery, so need avoid more than or equal to 2 times (200%).
Therefore, wish preferably to be charged to 90～120% of initial capacity to be less than or equal to 5.0It, and then trickle charge to the 150～200% back discharge to be less than or equal to 2.0It.According to this method, can suppress the gas generation and make the pole plate activate, can realize long lifetime.Here, so-called It is the value of the rated capacity of expression battery, in general, represents charging and discharging currents with its multiple, and for example, when battery capacity was 1Ah, 1A was 1.0It, and 2A is 2.0It.
And, in Fig. 1, though there is not expression to be connected to the charging power supply of terminal 16 of battery pack 101, in battery pack 101 of the present invention, with the character kind of power supply, can use constant current charge, constant voltage charge or as the charging of input and with the method for constant current and constant voltage.
The for example thermistor equitemperature that is provided with in battery circumferential portion detects uses transducer 3 temperature of monitoring battery often.At the thermistor of this temperature detection with common use NTC (Negative TemperatureCoeficient) class in the transducer 3.In the present invention, if the rate of temperature change of battery temperature surpasses certain fixed value, then send signals to the computing/control circuit 4 that is made of microcomputer IC etc., computing/control circuit 4 transmits the charging stop signals to the charging that is made of switch elements such as FET by control part 5.By the switch of the charging current cut-off parts 6 that also constitutes by switch elements such as FET, stop charging thus.If the rate of temperature change Δ T of the battery temperature that stops to charge is littler than 0.5 ℃/min, then in discharging and recharging, need for a long time, if bigger than 4.0 ℃/min, then the deterioration of battery is exceedingly fast, so 0.5～4.0 ℃/min preferably.Be more preferably and wish to consider suitable operating time that discharges and recharges and battery life, making the rate of temperature change Δ T of the battery temperature that stops to charge is 1.0～3.0 ℃/min.When the rate of temperature change Δ T of the battery temperature that stops to charge is worth more than or equal to this, promptly, by to discharge and recharge more than or equal to 5.0It, then as described above overcharge and the relation of gas generated increase such, because surpassing initial capacity 120%, charging capacity overcharges, become big so the gas in the secondary cell produces, have secondary cell to worsen, the danger that life characteristic reduces.Therefore, overcharge as the aforementioned and the explanation of gas generated relation such, charging current is become 2.0It, the counter function that computing/control circuit 4 that utilization is made of microcomputer has is carried out time management charging (being also referred to as the timer charging), up to 150～200% of initial capacity.By the timer charging, deactivated battery is overcharged, can realize the activity of battery.In fact, in the described battery pack 101 of Fig. 1, the 4 counting charging intervals of computing/control circuit, for example will be set at 30 fens the charging interval, if then through 30 minutes, then send signal to the charging that is made of switch elements such as FET again by control part 5 by the computing/control circuit 4 that is made of microcomputer, the switch by the charging current cut-off parts 6 that also is made of switch elements such as FET stops charging.
And, automatically upgrade the update functions that discharges and recharges by utilizing computing/control circuit 4 operation renewal discharge circuits 14 with formations such as microcomputers, can realize reducing the operation number in the manufacturing process.
Detect for remaining capacity, the method of observing remaining capacity by the closed circuit voltage in the discharge way is arranged, and 2 kinds of methods of electric current accumulation mode of the accumulation by time and the electric current when discharging and recharging, but, in the method that the closed circuit voltage with the former detects, be easy to generate the phenomenon identical with memory effect, still can not correctly obtain battery capacity, so in the charging/discharging thereof of secondary cell of the present invention, preferably adopt electric current accumulation mode.
When discharging and recharging under the deactivated state of battery, the internal resistance of battery rises, and the temperature of battery rises and becomes greatly, so charge efficiency reduces, the capacity of outward appearance (remaining capacity) reduces, and very fast motion is controlled in charging, not just charging end of the full charging of arrival.Thus, the difference of the capacity of Shi Ji capacity and outward appearance (remaining capacity) becomes big.In this case, the capacity that is reduced to main cause for the charge efficiency that compensates the battery pack that causes with losing activity of pole plate reduces, and need reset again and carry out upgrading later remaining capacity, carries out capacity once more and shows.That is, can make charging control regular event, in the moment complete charge of full charging by making battery activate (renewal discharges and recharges=resets again).Therefore, in the charging/discharging thereof of secondary cell of the present invention,, can easily manage by utilizing the various display units that have in the battery pack 101.As display unit, in the residual amount display unit 9 that in Fig. 1, constitutes, can use the remaining capacity of for example representing remaining capacity in 5 grades of LED with LED.
The present invention's utilizability industrially is, discharges and recharges according to the renewal of secondary cell of the present invention Method by use utilizing the computing/control circuit that is made of microcomputer etc., being carried out update request and being shown The function that the various display units such as parts and the renewal that is made of switch element etc. discharge and recharge can be eliminated bag Draw together the losing activity of various secondary cells of the alkaline storage battery of nickel-hydrogen dattery etc., effectively utilize electricity The pond. In addition, as the character kind of the power supply of the charging usefulness that is input to battery pack, can use constant current to fill Electricity, constant-voltage charge or and with the method for constant current and constant voltage, so the renewal of secondary cell of the present invention Charging/discharging thereof can be applied in the various devices of the secondary cell with alkaline storage battery etc.
Claims (22)
1, a kind of battery pack comprises:
The unit group has connected a plurality of secondary cells as unit cells;
A plurality of transducers, detected temperatures and voltage;
Display unit shows the state of described unit group;
Switch is controlled discharging and recharging of described unit group; And
Computing/control circuit according to the signal of a plurality of described transducers, makes the state of described display unit display unit group, and produces the signal that makes described switch motion;
It is characterized in that this battery pack also comprises:
The update request display unit is used for arriving final discharging voltage from described secondary cell, and when being less than or equal to assigned voltage through the recovery voltage behind the official hour, showing needs to upgrade charging.
2, battery pack as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described update request display unit is used for reaching described final discharging voltage from described secondary cell, and through 1 day or when surpassing described recovery voltage after 1 day and being less than or equal to 1.15V, showing needs to upgrade charging.
3, battery pack as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that:
In described computing/control circuit, comprise:
Do not detect timer, control, so that from when beginning charging, during official hour, described transducer does not detect voltage,
Described computing/control circuit to described official hour during in the cell voltage number of times that equals or exceeds the setting voltage of regulation count,
If described number of times equals or exceeds the number of times of regulation, described update request display unit shows that then needs upgrade discharge.
4, battery pack as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that:
Described secondary cell is the alkaline battery with positive pole, negative pole, dividing plate and alkaline electrolyte based on nickel oxide.
5, battery pack as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
Described secondary cell is the alkaline battery with positive pole, negative pole, dividing plate and alkaline electrolyte based on nickel oxide.
6, as battery pack as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that:
Described negative pole is made of hydrogen bearing alloy.
7, as battery pack as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that:
Described negative pole is made of hydrogen bearing alloy.
8, battery pack as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that:
The temperature of the described sensor secondary cell of detected temperatures, and
Described computing/control circuit comes the accounting temperature rate of change according to detected described temperature, if described rate of temperature change surpasses the prescribed limit of setting, then generates the signal that described charging is stopped by the described switch that discharges and recharges that controlling described unit group.
9, battery pack as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
The temperature of the described sensor secondary cell of detected temperatures, and
Described computing/control circuit comes the accounting temperature rate of change according to detected described temperature, if described rate of temperature change surpasses the prescribed limit of setting, then generates the signal that described charging is stopped by the described switch that discharges and recharges that controlling described unit group.
10, a kind of charging/discharging thereof of battery is used for battery pack, and described battery pack comprises:
The unit group has connected the secondary cell of a plurality of unit cells;
A plurality of transducers, detected temperatures and voltage;
Display unit shows the state of described unit group;
Switch is controlled discharging and recharging of described unit group; And
Computing/control circuit according to the signal of a plurality of described transducers, makes the state of described display unit display unit group, and produces the signal that makes described switch motion;
It is characterized in that this method arrives final discharging voltage from described secondary cell, when being less than or equal to assigned voltage through the recovery voltage behind the official hour, upgrades charging.
11, the charging/discharging thereof of battery as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that:
Reach described final discharging voltage from described secondary cell, through 1 day or surpass described recovery voltage after 1 day when being less than or equal to 1.15V, upgrade charging.
12, as the charging/discharging thereof of claim 10 or 11 described batteries, it is characterized in that:
This method comprises in described computing/control circuit and does not detect timer, control, so that when charging begins, begin, during official hour, described transducer does not detect voltage, make described computing/control circuit counting cell voltage in described official hour equal or exceed the number of times of the setting voltage of regulation
If described number of times equals or exceeds the number of times of regulation, then upgrade discharge.
13, as the charging/discharging thereof of claim 10 or 11 described batteries, it is characterized in that:
When upgrading charging, the value of representing the rated capacity of battery is made as It, by when being less than or equal to 5.0It, be charged to 90%～120% of initial capacity, and then be charged to the timer function that described computing/control circuit of 150%～200% has, below 2.0It, carry out the time management charging.
14, the charging/discharging thereof of battery as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that:
When upgrading charging, the value of representing the rated capacity of battery is made as It, by when being less than or equal to 5.0It, be charged to 90%～120% of initial capacity, and then be charged to the timer function that described computing/control circuit of 150%～200% has, below 2.0It, carry out the time management charging.
15, as the charging/discharging thereof of claim 10 or 11 described batteries, it is characterized in that:
The temperature of described sensor secondary cell, and
Described computing/control circuit, is then controlled if described rate of temperature change surpasses the prescribed limit of setting according to detected described temperature computation rate of temperature change, sends the signal that stops to charge with the described switch that discharges and recharges to the described unit of management group.
16, the charging/discharging thereof of battery as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that:
The temperature of described sensor secondary cell, and
Described computing/control circuit, is then controlled if described rate of temperature change surpasses the prescribed limit of setting according to detected described temperature computation rate of temperature change, sends the signal that stops to charge with the described switch that discharges and recharges to the described unit of management group.
17, the charging/discharging thereof of battery as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that:
Described rate of temperature change is set at 0.5～4.0 ℃/min.
18, the charging/discharging thereof of battery as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:
Described rate of temperature change is set at 0.5～4.0 ℃/min.
19, the charging/discharging thereof of battery as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that:
Described rate of temperature change is set at 1.0～3.0 ℃/min.
20, the charging/discharging thereof of battery as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:
Described rate of temperature change is set at 1.0～3.0 ℃/min.
21, as the charging/discharging thereof of claim 10 or 11 described batteries, it is characterized in that:
By constant current charge-discharge method, constant voltage charging/discharging thereof or use the constant current charge-discharge method simultaneously and the constant voltage charging/discharging thereof in any one method discharge and recharge.
22, the charging/discharging thereof of battery as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that:
By constant current charge-discharge method, constant voltage charging/discharging thereof or use the constant current charge-discharge method simultaneously and the constant voltage charging/discharging thereof in any one method discharge and recharge.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002354091 | 2002-12-05 | ||
| JP354091/2002 | 2002-12-05 | ||
| JP354092/2002 | 2002-12-05 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1692524A CN1692524A (en) | 2005-11-02 |
| CN100438204C true CN100438204C (en) | 2008-11-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2003801002894A Expired - Fee Related CN100438204C (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2003-12-04 | Battery pack and its charging/discharging method |
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| CN (1) | CN100438204C (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101587972B (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2011-06-08 | 深圳市先冠电子有限公司 | Double cell control method |
| JP5721465B2 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2015-05-20 | 株式会社Ｎｔｔドコモ | Secondary battery charger and secondary battery charging system |
| WO2014087450A1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Charging control device, charging control method, computer program, and recording medium |
| WO2015079607A1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Battery pack |
| CN105529785A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-04-27 | 王爱玲 | Automatic integrated charging pile |
| KR102439598B1 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2022-09-05 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | A method for judging the gas generation acceleration section of a secondary battery |
| CN110190349B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2022-09-27 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Multi-stage temperature control discharging method, device and system for battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002223529A (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-09 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Charging apparatus |
| JP2002238177A (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-23 | Makita Corp | Charger for charging plural batteries |
| US6483272B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2002-11-19 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Power system for electric vehicle |
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2003
- 2003-12-04 CN CNB2003801002894A patent/CN100438204C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6483272B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2002-11-19 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Power system for electric vehicle |
| JP2002223529A (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-09 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Charging apparatus |
| JP2002238177A (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-23 | Makita Corp | Charger for charging plural batteries |
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| CN1692524A (en) | 2005-11-02 |
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