CN100424506C - Phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus and its detection method - Google Patents
Phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus and its detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100424506C CN100424506C CNB011319364A CN01131936A CN100424506C CN 100424506 C CN100424506 C CN 100424506C CN B011319364 A CNB011319364 A CN B011319364A CN 01131936 A CN01131936 A CN 01131936A CN 100424506 C CN100424506 C CN 100424506C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a phased array ultrasonic instrument and a detection method thereof. The phased array ultrasonic instrument comprises an ultrasonic probe part, an emitting part, a receiving part, an assisting part and a main control circuit part; the emitting circuit part firstly gates emitting chipsets according to requirements, an array element exciting pulse is generated under the action of a high voltage driving circuit to make a probe wafer emit ultrasonic beams, and delay time sequential pulses, pulse duration and vibration amplitude between every two emitting wafers are generated under the control of an arrangement circuit which controls the time sequence in a time delay mode; and the receiving circuit part gates receiving chipsets according to requirements, received pulse signals are amplified, amplitude compensation is carried out according to a distance condition, a circuit is arranged through a time delay receiving control time sequence, simulation time delay of signals and superposition of echo signals are realized to obtain optimal focusing effect, and the data uploading is realized through an analogue signal digitizing circuit. Crystals in crystal matrixes are emitted and received in a time delay mode according to a certain rule to form emitting array planes and receiving array planes of paraboloid of ultrasonic waves. Multiple ultrasonic acoustic beams can be focused on a welding surface to be detected, the position of the focal point can be moved, the angle of the focal point can be deflected, and the fine degree and the accuracy degree (millimeter scale) of flaw detection are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus and detection method thereof of automatic detection pipe welding seam.
Background technology
In worldwide, in many pipe-line construction projects, used full-automatic welding process, thus the developing direction of having brought fully-automatic ultrasonic to detect, promptly Ultrasonic Detection will replace ray detection to become the main detection means of large diameter pipeline construction gradually.The eighties Holland NOVA, TCPL, and Gasunie constantly develops this series products, some NDE companies also begin to relate to the automatic ultrasonic flaw detection now, at first by the R﹠amp of RTD; D begins one's study, and Shaw Pipelines began to participate in afterwards, and Weldsonix and other companies also begin to participate in research recently, and R/D Tech company at first begins to manufacture a product, and R/D Tech in position is an only commercial product manufacturer up till now.Since nineteen ninety-two automatic ultrasonic detection system growth momentum is powerful, the improvement of detection method and the introducing of focusing probe have improved the accuracy that automatic ultrasonic detects, and are that the novel pipeline fully-automatic ultrasonic detecting instrument of representative enters the practical stage abroad with the phased array ultrasonic detection technology.At the end of the nineties, Canadian R/D TECH company at first is applied to the pipeline inspection field with the phased array detection technique, has developed phased array fully-automatic ultrasonic detection system.The phased array ultrasonic detection system realizes the scanning direction of acoustic beam and the control of the depth of focus by electronic technology, can realize the detection task of different wall, different tube diameters, unlike material pipe welding seam with same probe, overcome the big and probe shortcoming that accommodation is narrow and equipment is heavy of adjustment difficulty of conventional many probe automatic ultrasonic detection systems.
R/D Tech company takes the lead in having succeeded in developing phased array pipeline girth weld fault detection system.Acoustic beam by making the launch time of controlling a plurality of transmitting crystals each crystal send is identical in the sound wave phase place at focus place, obtains to focus on accurately.Compare with the fully-automatic ultrasonic technology of routine, the phased array ultrasonic detection technology has following main advantage:
1, the not danger relevant with ray.
2, more accurate to automatic weldering incomplete fusion defective judgement.Can detect the size of incomplete fusion defective.
3, accuracy of detection height, physical weight are light, to detect size flexible
4, increase number of partitions and can be modified to the picture element amount.Can improve the defective lateral resolution.
5, the little and lightweight phased array probe of volume.
6, the probe quantity that through thickness/diameter detection is necessary is few, and the cost of operation reduces.
This phased array pipeline girth weld fault detection system has tangible technical advantage, thus on world's flaw detection circle very high review is arranged, but its equipment complexity, fetch long price can not be popularized.
In China, the use of defect-detecting equipment is compared with world's advanced technology, and is also quite backward, and what use in a large number is artificial defectoscope, has introduced the defectoscope of external automatic separation arrays on a small quantity,
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the shortcoming of existing pipeline inspection equipment, and a kind of control method that provides is simple, equipment cost is low and measuring accuracy height, service-strong phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus, it is characterized in that, and comprising: ultrasonic probe part, radiating circuit part, receiving circuit part, auxiliary circuit part and main control circuit part; Described ultrasonic probe part is made of a plurality of wafer array element groups; Described radiating circuit part is made up of transmission channel selection and high-voltage driving circuit, emission driving circuit, emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit; Described receiving circuit part is made up of the preposition amplification commutation circuit of reception, variable-gain amplification circuit, reference time delay governor circuit, signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry, analog signal digital circuit; Described auxiliary circuit part by: high-voltage adjustable power supply, acoustic beam length/amplification quantity (TGA) signal generating circuit are formed; Described main control circuit part is made of cpu motherboard and complex programmable logic control device and synchronizing signal clock generating circuit;
The transmission channel selection of described a plurality of wafer array element group and radiating circuit part is with high-voltage driving circuit and partly receive preposition amplification commutation circuit with receiving circuit and be connected; The input/output terminal of the transmission channel selection of radiating circuit part and high-voltage driving circuit, emission driving circuit, emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit is linked in sequence; The input/output terminal of the preposition amplification commutation circuit of reception of receiving circuit part, variable-gain amplification circuit, reference time delay governor circuit, signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry, analog signal digital circuit is linked in sequence; The cpu motherboard of main control circuit part is connected with high-voltage driving circuit, emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit with the transmission channel selection of radiating circuit part by data line with the complex programmable logic control device, be connected with the preposition amplification commutation circuit of reception, reference time delay governor circuit, the signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry of receiving circuit part, and be connected with high-voltage adjustable power supply, acoustic beam length/amplification quantity (TGA) signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part; The output signal of the synchronizing signal clock generating circuit of main control circuit part is connected with acoustic beam length/amplification quantity (TGA) signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part, the time-delay governor circuit of radiating circuit part, the reference time delay governor circuit of acceptance part respectively; The high-voltage adjustable power supply of auxiliary circuit part is selected to be connected with high-voltage driving circuit with the transmission channel of radiating circuit part, and the output signal of acoustic beam length/amplification quantity (TGA) signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part is connected with the variable-gain amplification circuit of receiving circuit part.
A kind of phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus carries out the method for pipe detection, is characterized in, may further comprise the steps:
A, at first a plurality of wafers with ultrasonic probe part adopt the linear array forms, are divided into left and right sides two parts, divide the both sides that are listed in weld seam, and move along this pipe welding seam;
B, radiating circuit part be the emission wafer set of gating wafer array element group at first, under the high-voltage driving circuit effect, produce the array element driving pulse and make the probe wafer send ultrasonic beam, under the control of emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit, produce delay time sequential pulse, pulse width and the amplitude of respectively launching between the wafer;
C, receiving circuit part gating as requested receive wafer set, the pulse signal that receives is amplified, carry out the amplitude compensation according to the distance situation, and by the setting of reference time delay governor circuit time-delay reception control timing, realize the simulation time-delay of signal and the stack of echoed signal, obtain best focusing effect, through the analog signal digital circuit data are delivered to main control circuit part again;
The cpu motherboard of d, main control circuit part and complex programmable logic control device are controlled the setting and the selective filter of emission delay, reception time-delay, gating switch, data acquisition pulse width, amplification quantity in real time to each circuit, simultaneously in read-write memory, write the detection data in order according to sequential, press the address pointer sense data then, deliver to display and show.
Because the present invention has adopted above technical scheme, this is applied to the state-of-the-art technology of industrial flaw detection in the world to adopt phased array, use the accurate control of computing machine again, delay time according to certain rules emission and the time-delay of the crystal of crystal battle array received, to form hyperacoustic paraboloidal emission front and to accept front.Make the ultrasonic acoustic beam of multi beam can focus on tested face of weld, and the angle of the position of removable focus and deflection focus, the fine degree and the order of accuarcy (millimeter level) of flaw detection improved widely.
Description of drawings
Concrete characteristic performance of the present invention is further specified by following embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram of instrument of the present invention.
Embodiment
Phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus of the present invention comprises: ultrasonic probe part 1, radiating circuit part 2, receiving circuit part 3, auxiliary circuit part 4 and main control circuit part 5.
Receiving circuit part 3 is made up of the preposition amplification commutation circuit 31 of reception, variable-gain amplification circuit 32, reference time delay governor circuit 33, signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry 34, analog signal digital circuit 35;
Auxiliary circuit part 4 is made up of high-voltage adjustable power supply 41, acoustic beam length/amplification quantity (hereinafter to be referred as TGA) signal generating circuit 42;
Main control circuit part 5 is made of cpu motherboard and complex programmable logic control device 51 and synchronizing signal clock generating circuit 52.
The transmission channel selection of a plurality of wafer array element groups and radiating circuit part is with high-voltage driving circuit and partly receive preposition amplification commutation circuit with receiving circuit and be connected; The input/output terminal of the transmission channel selection of radiating circuit part and high-voltage driving circuit, emission driving circuit, emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit is linked in sequence; The input/output terminal of the preposition amplification commutation circuit of reception of receiving circuit part, variable-gain amplification circuit, reference time delay governor circuit, signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry, analog signal digital circuit is linked in sequence; The cpu motherboard of main control circuit part is connected with high-voltage driving circuit, emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit with the transmission channel selection of radiating circuit part by data line with the complex programmable logic control device, be connected with the preposition amplification commutation circuit of reception, reference time delay governor circuit, the signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry of receiving circuit part, and be connected with high-voltage adjustable power supply, the TGA signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part; The output signal of the synchronizing signal clock generating circuit of main control circuit part is connected with the TGA signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part, the time-delay governor circuit of radiating circuit part, the reference time delay governor circuit of acceptance part respectively; The high-voltage adjustable power supply of auxiliary circuit part is selected to be connected with high-voltage driving circuit with the transmission channel of penetrating part, and the output signal of the TGA signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part is connected with the variable-gain amplification circuit of receiving circuit part.
The method of detection pipeline of the present invention is:
The wafer of a, ultrasonic probe part has adopted the linear array form, is divided into left and right sides two parts, divides the both sides that are listed in weld seam.The every side of present embodiment has 64 conventional crystal, is used for the conventional criteria method of detection, and 2 crystal that are used for pulse echo and time difference diffraction method are used for surveying transversal crack.
B, in emission process, therefore each wafer array element can be regarded a rectangle ultrasonic probe as, will determine the incident angle of each weld seam subregion and the focal length width and the length of ultrasonic acoustic beam according to the sound field characteristic of array element.Therefore the radiating circuit part emission wafer set of gating wafer array element group at first as requested, under the high-voltage driving circuit effect, produce the array element driving pulse and make the probe wafer send ultrasonic beam, under the control of emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit, produce delay time sequential pulse, pulse width and the amplitude of respectively launching between the wafer.
C, in receiving course, to go to determine to receive the numbering of wafer array element group according to technology, the focus echoed signal same-phase that guarantees the wafer reception is synthetic, solve the problem that different echo amplitudes is arranged on the different distance in the same reflecting body, adopt and distance--amplitude gain compensated curve, obtain identical echo amplitude.
The function that receiving circuit is realized is: the reception wafer set of gating wafer array element group as requested, the pulse signal that receives is amplified, carry out the amplitude compensation according to the distance situation, in order to make reception the best, receive the control timing setting by the time-delay of reference time delay governor circuit, realize the simulation time-delay of signal and the stack of echoed signal, obtain best focusing effect.Realize uploading of data through the analog signal digital circuit again.
The cpu motherboard of d, main control circuit part and complex programmable logic control device are controlled in real time to each circuit, comprise emission delay, the setting that receives time-delay, gating switch, data acquisition pulse width, amplification quantity, selective filter etc.
Simultaneously in RAM (read-write memory), write the detection data in order, press the address pointer sense data, deliver to display and show according to sequential.
Lift a example below to the detection of typical defect:
Adopt excusing from death Region Segmentation detection method whole welding line to be divided into many little zones, each zone covers zone that all need detect from the scanning of weld seam both sides in 2 millimeter during weld seam detection, uses pulse echo method to detect each weld seam subregion.The size of the reflecting body of each subregion can be measured accurately.Two gates are set, a corresponding echo height (amplitude), another corresponding wave propagation time in each passage.Judge defective according to echo height, number of partitions, wave propagation time and diffracted wave time difference method.
Main control circuit part control ultrasonic beam angle, focal length, focal spot size.The probe wafer is finished multi-angle and is detected.A plurality of probe wafers were excited in the interval in blink, by the precision control to time-delay, just can produce the acoustic beam of different angles, different focusing and focus in weld seam.The echo that required focus produces impacts a plurality of reception wafers, and each receives wafer all corresponding time delays, so the signal of receiving according to time shifting, forms scanning image.
To pipeline J type groove, wall thickness 14.7mm, circumferential length are 3500mm, and the weld seam detection time is 60ms, are divided into 5 subregions.Using the phased array detection method, is that ultrasonic wave acoustic beam scans frame data if do not have the girth of 2.5mm, i.e. each bar acoustic beam run-down, and then the time of every frame is 42.9 milliseconds.Weld seam detection T.T. is 1 minute so, and the image data that obtains is 10 megabyte.
See also Fig. 2, workflow of the present invention is as follows:
1, carrying out system initialization, mainly is the setting of the original state of each piece integrated circuit board of system, and whether the cycle criterion system motor starts begins test.
2, write TGA control compensation curve, read the operational factor file, according to the focal time of each acoustic beam of calculated with mathematical model, according to crystal time delay of each acoustic beam of calculated with mathematical model.
3, export the variate-value that transmits and receives, the value of output TOFD output variable, the value of output coupling variable, the value of the horizontal scanning variable of output.
4, send file and carry out communication to host computer, judge whether normally operation of system.
5, according to circumstances start various control function, mainly comprise: couplant electric pump, step-by-step counting card, A/D transition card, movable motor.
6, the acoustic beam controlled variable is write expelling plate, dash receiver, transverse plate, comprehensive plate, the concurrent synchronizing signal of speaking.
7, read the step-by-step counting card position signalling, read the data that receive in A/D transition card one frame.And write data as message and issued host computer.
8, judged whether whether emergency produces, finish test job.Close operation electrical equipment.Return original state.
Claims (2)
1. phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus is characterized in that, comprising: ultrasonic probe part, radiating circuit part, receiving circuit part, auxiliary circuit part and main control circuit part; Described ultrasonic probe part is made of a plurality of wafer array element groups; Described radiating circuit part is made up of transmission channel selection and high-voltage driving circuit, emission driving circuit, emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit; Described receiving circuit part is made up of the preposition amplification commutation circuit of reception, variable-gain amplification circuit, reference time delay governor circuit, signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry, analog signal digital circuit; Described auxiliary circuit part by: high-voltage adjustable power supply, acoustic beam length/amplification quantity signal generating circuit are formed; Described main control circuit part is made of cpu motherboard and complex programmable logic control device and synchronizing signal clock generating circuit;
The transmission channel selection of described a plurality of wafer array element group and radiating circuit part is with high-voltage driving circuit and partly receive preposition amplification commutation circuit with receiving circuit and be connected; The input/output terminal of the transmission channel selection of radiating circuit part and high-voltage driving circuit, emission driving circuit, emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit is linked in sequence; The input/output terminal of the preposition amplification commutation circuit of reception of receiving circuit part, variable-gain amplification circuit, reference time delay governor circuit, signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry, analog signal digital circuit is linked in sequence; The cpu motherboard of main control circuit part is connected with high-voltage driving circuit, emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit with the transmission channel selection of radiating circuit part by data line with the complex programmable logic control device, be connected with the preposition amplification commutation circuit of reception, reference time delay governor circuit, the signal stack filtering signal balancing circuitry of receiving circuit part, and be connected with high-voltage adjustable power supply, the acoustic beam length/amplification quantity signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part; The output signal of the synchronizing signal clock generating circuit of main control circuit part is connected with the acoustic beam length/amplification quantity signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part, the time-delay governor circuit of radiating circuit part, the reference time delay governor circuit of acceptance part respectively; The high-voltage adjustable power supply of auxiliary circuit part is selected to be connected with high-voltage driving circuit with the transmission channel of radiating circuit part, and the output signal of the acoustic beam length/amplification quantity signal generating circuit of auxiliary circuit part is connected with the variable-gain amplification circuit of receiving circuit part.
2. a phased-array ultrasonic wave apparatus carries out the method for pipe detection, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, at first a plurality of wafers with ultrasonic probe part adopt the linear array forms, are divided into left and right sides two parts, divide the both sides that are listed in weld seam, and move along this pipe welding seam;
B, radiating circuit part be the emission wafer set of gating wafer array element group at first, under the high-voltage driving circuit effect, produce the array element driving pulse and make the probe wafer send ultrasonic beam, under the control of emission pulsewidth and time-delay governor circuit, produce delay time sequential pulse, pulse width and the amplitude of respectively launching between the wafer;
C, receiving circuit part gating as requested receive wafer set, the pulse signal that receives is amplified, carry out the amplitude compensation according to the distance situation, and by the setting of reference time delay governor circuit time-delay reception control timing, realize the simulation time-delay of signal and the stack of echoed signal, obtain best focusing effect, through the analog signal digital circuit data are delivered to main control circuit part again;
The cpu motherboard of d, main control circuit part and complex programmable logic control device are controlled the setting and the selective filter of emission delay, reception time-delay, gating switch, data acquisition pulse width, amplification quantity in real time to each circuit, simultaneously in read-write memory, write the detection data in order according to sequential, press the address pointer sense data then, deliver to display and show.
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| CN106840053B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2020-01-10 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic nondestructive measurement method for fillet weld leg size and internal defects |
| DE102017207269A1 (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-10-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus and method for ultrasonic testing |
| CN108896659B (en) * | 2017-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 嘉兴博传科技有限公司 | Method and system for expanding structural health monitoring range |
| CN109283251B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2021-02-09 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Signal processing circuit of well wall imaging ultrasonic phased array |
| CN110613476B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2022-09-23 | 青岛海信医疗设备股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic signal processing method and device |
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