CN100414757C - Fuel concentration control device for fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel concentration control device for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN100414757C CN100414757C CNB031300324A CN03130032A CN100414757C CN 100414757 C CN100414757 C CN 100414757C CN B031300324 A CNB031300324 A CN B031300324A CN 03130032 A CN03130032 A CN 03130032A CN 100414757 C CN100414757 C CN 100414757C
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- fuel
- air
- fuel cell
- supply pipe
- pole
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a fuel concentration adjustment device of a fuel cell. The fuel cell mainly comprises a fuel cell battery, a fuel supply department and an air supply department, wherein the fuel cell battery comprises an electrolyte membrane, a fuel pole and an air pole; the fuel pole and the air pole are arranged on both sides of the electrolyte membrane; the fuel supply department comprises a fuel supply pipe and a fuel pump, and can be used for circularly supplying fuel for the fuel pole of the fuel cell battery; the air supply department is connected with the air pole of the fuel cell battery, and the air pole of the fuel cell battery can be supplied with air. The present invention is characterized in that the present invention is also provided with a fuel concentration adjustment device of a fuel cell. The device comprises a tank body and a semipermeable membrane body, wherein the tank body is arranged in the middle of the fuel supply pipe; the semipermeable membrane body is lengthways arranged in the tank body, and can be used for separating water from fuel of ionicity aqueous solution state. The device can enhance the purity of the fuel, and thereby, the efficiency of the fuel cell can be enhanced. Separated water can be used for humidifying, and the consumption of water can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell, relate in particular to the fuel concentration adjusting device of fuel cell.
Background technology
Most of in the human energy that uses from fossil fuel.But the use of above-mentioned fossil fuel can cause air pollution, acid rain, global warmingization etc. that environment is brought ill effect, and problem such as energy utilization efficiency is also very low.
Fuel cell is different with general battery (2 primary cell), replace fossil fuel, to negative electrode (anode) fuel supplying (hydrogen or hydrocarbon gas), from outside anode (cathode) supply oxygen, carry out the electrochemical reaction of the electrolysis back reaction of water, produce the battery system of electricity and heat, also can be regarded as Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).
Electricity-generating method by fuel cell is that burning (oxidation) reaction without fuel through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, is directly changed into the energy difference before and after the reaction method of electric energy.
Fuel cell is classified according to electrolytical type, then has near the phosphoric acid type fuel cell of working 200 ℃, at the alkaline electrolyte type fuel cell of 60～110 ℃ of work, at the high-molecular electrolyte fuel battery of normal temperature～80 ℃ work, in the fused carbonate electrolyte fuel cell of working under 500～700 ℃ the high temperature, the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell of working under the condition of high temperature more than 1000 ℃ in addition etc.
Below with reference to back accompanying drawing paper, the fuel cell of prior art is carried out simple declaration.
As shown in Figure 1, existing fuel cell generally comprises fuel battery 10, fuel supplies 20, air supply portion 30 and electric energy efferent (not shown).Above-mentioned fuel battery 10 has fuel electrodes 11 and the air pole 12 that the dielectric film (not shown) is placed the centre, is used for producing electric energy by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; Fuel supplies 20 is used for and will includes the borane ((BH of hydrogen aqueous solution state
4), be actually borane sodium (NaBH
4)) be supplied to fuel electrodes 11; Air supply portion 30 is used for giving air pole 12 with the air supply that includes oxygen; The electric energy efferent supply of electrical energy that fuel battery 10 is produced not shown in the figures is given load.
Wherein, fuel supplies 20 comprises fuel supply pipe 21 and nourrice tank 22 and petrolift 23.Fuel supply pipe 21 is connected the fuel electrodes 11 of fuel battery 10 with closed loop shape, and fuel recycle is supplied to fuel electrodes 11; Nourrice tank 22 can be connected the centre of fuel supply pipe 21 with dismantling, and a certain amount of borane sodium is housed in the nourrice tank 22; Petrolift 23 is arranged on the fuel supply pipe 21 between nourrice tank 22 and the fuel battery 10, is used for fuel is pumped into the fuel electrodes 11 of fuel battery 10.
As shown in Figure 2, nourrice tank 22 is simple hollow stavings.The lower end of this nourrice tank 22 is formed with the inlet that flows into fuel, and inlet is connected an end of fuel supply pipe 21; The upper end of nourrice tank 22 is formed with the outlet of discharging fuel, and this outlet connects the other end of fuel supply pipe 21.
Among the figure 31 is air supply pipes, the 32nd, and air pump.
The process that produces electric energy below when having the prior art fuel cell fuel supplying of said structure describes.That is to say that petrolift 23 drives according to the instruction of control part, the BH of the aqueous solution state that acts as a fuel from nourrice tank 22 pumping
4, being supplied to the fuel electrodes 11 of fuel battery 10 then, fuel carries out electrochemical reaction with the oxygen that is fed to air pole 12, generates electric current when producing water between two electrodes.
Further specify then, the electrochemical oxidation reactions of fuel electrodes 11 side fuel is
BH
4 -+ 8OH
-→ BO
2 -+ 6H
2O+8e
-, the dielectric film (not shown) transmits the ion that generates by oxidation/reduction reaction;
In above-mentioned air pole 12, the electrochemical reducting reaction of air (oxygen) is
2O
2+4H
2O+8e
-→8OH
-。
So the electromotive force that produces between above-mentioned fuel electrodes 11 and the air pole 12 is exported above-mentioned electromotive force by the electric energy efferent (not shown) that is connected above-mentioned fuel battery 10, makes electric current be fed to load.
But the prior art fuel cell with said structure but has following problem points:
That is to say that as above-mentioned chemical formula, along with reaction continues to carry out, above-mentioned fuel electrodes 11 sides produce boron oxide (BO simultaneously
2 -) and water, circulate with the state that mixes, so the concentration of fuel is thinning gradually, reduced the efficient of whole fuel cell.
In view of the above problems, as shown in Figure 3, on the intermediate altitude of above-mentioned nourrice tank 22 inside, be horizontally arranged with filter 22a, make than fuel---borane (BH
4) than great and with the boron oxide (BO of glue (gel) shape precipitation
2) separate with borane.But above-mentioned filter 22a is merely able to solid is separated with (phase) mutually different reactants such as liquid, liquids and gases, and the fuel of the aqueous solution state of homophase can not be separated with water, and the concentration of final fuel also can be thinning.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of fuel concentration adjusting device of fuel cell,, separate the concentration of fuel metering with the water that will in course of reaction, produce from the fuel of aqueous solution state.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of fuel concentration adjusting device of fuel cell comprises fuel battery, fuel supplies and air supply portion; Fuel battery comprises dielectric film, fuel electrodes and air pole, fuel electrodes and air pole will place the dielectric film both sides, be supplied with the fuel that includes hydrogen on the fuel electrodes, be supplied with the air that comprises oxygen on the air pole, by the electrochemical reaction generation of hydrogen and oxygen; Fuel supplies comprises fuel supply pipe and petrolift, and the fuel supply pipe articulating is used for the fuel electrodes circulation-supplied fuel to fuel battery on fuel electrodes; Air supply portion is connected on the air pole, is used for to air pole supply air; It is characterized in that it also comprises staving and semi-transparent film body; Described staving is arranged on the centre of described fuel supply pipe, is used for temporarily storing fuel; Described semi-transparent film body vertically is arranged on the inside of described staving, is used for dividing dried up from the fuel of ionic aqueous solution state.
The fuel concentration adjusting device of described fuel cell, wherein staving is the center with described semi-transparent film body, and a side is formed with entrance and exit independently of each other, and described entrance and exit is used to connect described fuel supply pipe; Opposite side is formed with discharge outlet, and described discharge outlet is used to discharge the water that separates with fuel.
The fuel concentration adjusting device of described fuel cell, a side of semi-transparent film body that wherein forms the entrance and exit of described staving is horizontally arranged with filter, and described filter is used for the fuel that fuel is aqueous and separates according to phase (phase).
The fuel concentration adjusting device of described fuel cell, wherein the discharge outlet of staving is connected in the described air supply portion by the water supply pipe.
The fuel concentration adjusting device of described fuel cell, wherein staving is arranged on the outlet side of described petrolift, presses the water that separates fuel by the discharge of described petrolift.
The fuel concentration adjusting device of described fuel cell, wherein staving can be connected on the described fuel supply pipe with dismantling.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of fuel cell one embodiment of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the nourrice tank of prior art fuel cell.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the nourrice tank of prior art fuel cell.
Fig. 4 is the system diagram of fuel cell one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the nourrice tank of fuel cell of the present invention.
The number in the figure explanation:
10: fuel battery 11: fuel electrodes
30: air supply portion 33: humidifier
34: water supply pipe 35: water supply valve
100: fuel supplies 110: fuel supply pipe
120: nourrice tank 121: semi-transparent film body
122a: inlet 122b: outlet
122c: discharge outlet 123: filter
Embodiment
Illustrated embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings is described in detail the fuel concentration adjusting device of fuel cell of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 4, fuel cell of the present invention mainly comprises fuel battery 10, fuel supplies 100, air supply portion 30 and electric energy efferent (not shown).Dielectric film (not shown) both sides are provided with fuel electrodes 11 and air pole 12 in fuel battery 10, are used for generating electric energy by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; Fuel supplies 100 is used to regulate the borane sodium (NaBH that comprises hydrogen
4) concentration, and with borane sodium (NaBH
4) circulation-supplied gives fuel electrodes 11; Air supply portion 30 is used for giving air pole 12 with the air supply that includes oxygen; Electric energy efferent (not shown) is used for giving load with the supply of electrical energy that fuel battery 10 produces.
Wherein, fuel supplies 100 mainly comprises fuel supply pipe 110, nourrice tank 120 and petrolift 130.Fuel supply pipe 110 is connected the fuel electrodes 11 of fuel battery 10 with closed loop shape, and fuel recycle is supplied to fuel electrodes 11; Nourrice tank 120 can be connected the centre of fuel supply pipe 110 with dismantling, and a certain amount of borane sodium is housed in the nourrice tank 120; Petrolift 130 is arranged on the fuel supply pipe 110 between the fuel electrodes 11 of nourrice tank 120 and fuel battery 10, is used for fuel is pumped into the fuel electrodes 11 of fuel battery 10.
Be provided with semi-transparent film body 121 along the longitudinal in nourrice tank 120 inside, semi-transparent film body 121 is used for dividing dried up from the fuel of ionic aqueous solution state; With semi-transparent film body 121 is the center, and a side Lower Half is provided with inlet 122a, and inlet 122a is used to connect fuel supply pipe 110, the one side first halves and is provided with outlet 122b; The opposite side of semi-transparent film body 121 is provided with discharge outlet 122c, and this discharge outlet 122c is used to discharge the water that separates from fuel.
In addition, form the inlet 122a of nourrice tank 120 and a side of the semi-transparent film body 121 of outlet 122b and preferably be horizontally arranged with filter 123, this filter 123 is used for the fuel that fuel is aqueous and separates according to phase (phase).
In addition, on the humidifier 33 of the air supply portion 30 that will illustrate below the discharge outlet 122c of nourrice tank 120 preferably is connected by water supply pipe 34, so that will apply flexibly in air wetting from the water that nourrice tank 120 separates.
Above-mentioned petrolift 130 is preferably disposed on the entrance side of nourrice tank 120, water is separated from fuel so that utilize the discharge of petrolift 130 to press.
Above-mentioned air supply portion 30 mainly comprises air supply pipe 31, air pump 32 and humidifier 33.Air supply pipe 31 is directed to the air in the atmosphere air pole 12 of fuel battery 10; Air pump 32 is arranged on the centre of air supply pipe 31, is used for the air of pumping atmosphere; Humidifier 33 is arranged on the outlet side of air pump 32, suitably air is carried out humidification.
As mentioned above, above-mentioned humidifier 33 is connected on the discharge outlet 122c of nourrice tank 120 by water supply pipe 34, and the water that is used for separating from nourrice tank 120 is as the humidification water.
Part same as the prior art has been given identical symbol among the figure.
Unaccounted 35 is water supply valves among the figure.
Below with reference to back accompanying drawing paper, the effect and the effect of the fuel concentration adjusting device of the invention described above fuel cell described.
That is to say, will include the borane sodium (NaBH of hydrogen
4) when being supplied to fuel electrodes 11, the air supply that will include oxygen is given air pole 12, reacts by the dielectric film (not shown) then, forms ion.Above-mentioned ion is in the process that produces electrochemical reaction formation water, and the electronics in that fuel electrodes 11 generates moves to above-mentioned air pole 12, the final generation.
Further specify then, the electrochemical oxidation reactions of above-mentioned fuel electrodes 11 side fuel is
BH
4 -+8OH
-→BO
2 -+6H
2O+8
e -
Dielectric film transmits the ion that generates by oxidation/reduction reaction;
In above-mentioned air pole 12, the electrochemical reducting reaction of air (oxygen) is
2O
2+4H
2O+8e
-→8OH
-。
In the process that continues above-mentioned reaction,,, generate boron oxide (BO as above-mentioned chemical formula in fuel electrodes 11 sides
2 -) and water (H
2O), the discharge by petrolift 130 is pressed and is flow in the nourrice tank 120 with admixture, but above-mentioned borane and boron oxide stopped by semi-transparent film body 121, moves to the outlet side of nourrice tank 120; And water by above-mentioned semi-transparent film body 121 to discharge outlet 122c side shifting.In addition, the relatively large boron oxide (B0 of proportion in above-mentioned borane and the boron oxide
2) be filtered device 123 and stop, and stay the Lower Half of nourrice tank 120; Borane then is supplied to above-mentioned fuel electrodes 11 by filter 123 through outlet 122b again.
When the concentration ratio fiducial value of fuel is high, reduce the discharge of above-mentioned petrolift 130 and press, improve the blending ratio of water and fuel; When the concentration ratio fiducial value of fuel hour, then improve the discharge of petrolift 130 and press, reduce the blending ratio of water and fuel, the concentration of fuel metering.
On the one hand, be supplied to the humidifier 33 of air supply portion 30 through water supply valve 35 by water supply pipe 34, air is carried out humidification to the water of discharge outlet 122c side shifting.
In the fuel cell that uses that acts as a fuel as borane sodium, the water that produces in course of reaction separates with other reactant by permeable membrane, other reactant separates by filter, has improved fuel purity, thereby has improved the efficient of fuel cell.
In addition, will use as the humidification water, saved the consumption of water from the water that fuel separates.
The effect of invention
The concentration control device for fuel of fuel cell of the present invention can bring following effect: pellicle is with vertical Direction is arranged on the inside of nourrice tank, and filter is arranged on the inside of nourrice tank with transverse direction, from the aqueous solution The fuel of state separates water outlet, has improved the purity of fuel, thereby has improved the efficient of fuel cell; In addition Outer isolated water is used as the humidification water, saved the consumption of water.
Claims (6)
1. the fuel concentration adjusting device of a fuel cell, comprise fuel battery, fuel supplies and air supply portion, fuel battery comprises dielectric film, fuel electrodes and air pole, fuel electrodes and air pole place the dielectric film both sides, be supplied with the fuel that comprises hydrogen on the fuel electrodes, be supplied with the air that comprises oxygen on the air pole, by the electrochemical reaction generation of hydrogen and oxygen; Fuel supplies comprises fuel supply pipe and petrolift, the fuel supply pipe articulating is on fuel electrodes, be used for the fuel electrodes circulation-supplied fuel to fuel battery, air supply portion is connected on the air pole, is used for to air pole supply air; It is characterized in that it also comprises staving and semi-transparent film body;
Described staving is arranged on the centre of described fuel supply pipe, is used for temporarily storing fuel;
Described semi-transparent film body vertically is arranged on the inside of described staving, is used for dividing dried up from the fuel of ionic aqueous solution state.
2. the fuel concentration adjusting device of fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that described staving is the center with described semi-transparent film body, and a side is formed with entrance and exit independently of each other, and described entrance and exit is used to connect described fuel supply pipe; Opposite side is formed with discharge outlet, and described discharge outlet is used to discharge the water that separates with fuel.
3. the fuel concentration adjusting device of fuel cell according to claim 2, a side of semi-transparent film body that it is characterized in that forming the entrance and exit of described staving is horizontally arranged with filter, and described filter is used for the fuel that fuel is aqueous and separates according to phase (phase).
4. the fuel concentration adjusting device of fuel cell according to claim 2, the discharge outlet that it is characterized in that described staving is connected in the described air supply portion by the water supply pipe.
5. the fuel concentration adjusting device of fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that described staving is arranged on the outlet side of described petrolift, presses the water that separates in the fuel by the discharge of described petrolift.
6. according to the fuel concentration adjusting device of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described fuel cells, it is characterized in that described staving can be connected on the described fuel supply pipe with dismantling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031300324A CN100414757C (en) | 2003-06-17 | 2003-06-17 | Fuel concentration control device for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031300324A CN100414757C (en) | 2003-06-17 | 2003-06-17 | Fuel concentration control device for fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1567628A CN1567628A (en) | 2005-01-19 |
| CN100414757C true CN100414757C (en) | 2008-08-27 |
Family
ID=34469416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031300324A Expired - Fee Related CN100414757C (en) | 2003-06-17 | 2003-06-17 | Fuel concentration control device for fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100414757C (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4810597A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1989-03-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel cell comprising a device for detecting the concentration of methanol |
| JPH1145731A (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-02-16 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell power generating plant |
| JP2001158603A (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method for shutting off methanol reforming device |
-
2003
- 2003-06-17 CN CNB031300324A patent/CN100414757C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4810597A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1989-03-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel cell comprising a device for detecting the concentration of methanol |
| JPH1145731A (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-02-16 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell power generating plant |
| JP2001158603A (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method for shutting off methanol reforming device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1567628A (en) | 2005-01-19 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Granted publication date: 20080827 |