CN100412644C - 用于从背后照亮图像再现装置的照明装置 - Google Patents

用于从背后照亮图像再现装置的照明装置 Download PDF

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CN100412644C
CN100412644C CNB038233894A CN03823389A CN100412644C CN 100412644 C CN100412644 C CN 100412644C CN B038233894 A CNB038233894 A CN B038233894A CN 03823389 A CN03823389 A CN 03823389A CN 100412644 C CN100412644 C CN 100412644C
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light emitting
emitting diode
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H·诺尔
R·迈尔
P·克罗莫蒂斯
G·博纳
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Abstract

在用于从背后照亮包括光阀的图像再现装置的照明装置中规定,在导热载体上以网格的形式布置分别由至少一个发光二极管构成的光点。优选地,光点的面积分别小于由网格所给定的面积。

Description

用于从背后照亮图像再现装置的照明装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于从背后照亮包括光阀的图像再现装置的照明装置,其中以网格的形式布置分别由多个发光二极管构成的光点。
背景技术
具有光阀的图像再现装置、特别是液晶显示器需要足够亮的和均匀的背后照明。这在比较大的显示器、例如计算机屏幕的情况下利用荧光管来实现。然而在要求非常高的亮度的应用情况下,已知的照明装置就不够用了。因此例如对于汽车中所谓的平视显示器(Head-up-Display)来说要求有非常高的亮度,因为即使在环境亮度高时也还必须可以看到显示器的镜像。
GB 2361581A示出了一种具有发光二极管的装置,此装置被布置在导热基板的凹穴中。多个这样的基板可以以网格形式布置,其中印刷电路使所有的发光二极管与基板相互连接。然而这种装置很难制造,特别是不能实现单个发光二极管的串联连接。
发明内容
因此本发明的任务是,给出一种在给定的面积上具有高亮度的照明装置。按照本发明,此任务通过以下方式来解决,即各个光点的发光二极管被电绝缘地设置在子安装件(Submount)的基本上平坦的表面上,以及该子安装件导热很好并且与平坦的导热载体导热很好地连接在一起。
本发明有利地充分利用了以下事实,即大量小的发光二极管比一个相应大的发光二极管发射更多的光,因为发光二极管的整个自由表面都在辐射。此外本发明保证好的导热。
按照本发明的照明装置的一个有利的改进方案在于,子安装件的面积分别小于由网格所给定的面积,以及在绝缘载体上在于安装件之间没有被子安装件占据的载体面积上布置用于为发光二极管供电的线路。因此在发光二极管和载体之间可以实现有利的导热连接,而绝缘地设置的线路不会阻碍导热。
可以有利地通过以下方式构成这种改进方案,即在柔性薄膜中敷设线路,该柔性薄膜作为扁形导线在载体之外延续。因此除了线路与发光二极管的触点接通之外,在照明装置内部不需要其他的触点接通,这有助于运行可靠性和廉价的可生产性。
优选地在本发明中规定,子安装件由硅构成。为了进一步改善导热,可以在本发明中规定,载体由最纯的铝或铜制成和/或将载体与散热片连接在一起。例如大的冷却器适合作为散热片,该冷却器通过尽可能大的表面将热传递到周围的空气中。此外所谓的热管也适宜作为散热片。
此外在按照本发明的照明装置中优选地规定,子安装件之间的中间空隙用塑料填满。
为了从背后照亮单色显示器,发光二极管可以是同色的。为了获得不是作为发光二极管可得到的颜色,或为了从背后照亮彩色显示器,按照一个改进方案规定,各个光点的发光二极管发射不同颜色的光。
为各个光点使用多个发光二极管的优点是相对于一个较大的发光二极管发光效率比较高。已表明是有利的是,四个发光二极管构成一个光点。然而在本发明的范围内每个光点也可以具有其他数目的发光二极管。
另一个有利的扩展方案在于,为每个光点装设两个发绿光的发光二极管、一个发蓝光的发光二极管和一个发红光的发光二极管。因此尽管所产生的光的绿色成分相对于其他成分而突出,但为了得到白色这是必要的,例如大约60%绿色、25%红色和15%蓝色。
将光点布置在子安装件上具有以下优点,即发光二极管的侧壁完全高于在光点之间敷设的线路,以致可以利用从这里发出的射线。为了利用该射线从背后照亮显示器,在本发明的另一个改进方案中规定,光点分别由一个反射器所包围。在此优选地规定,由反射器构成的包括光点的凹穴用透明塑料来填满。
按照本发明的光源具有高效率、长寿命、高故障安全性、所定义的辐射以及在使用不同颜色的发光二极管的情况下具有不同颜色的窄带辐射。因此可以使光源的频谱辐射和液晶显示器的滤色器的光谱传输一致并且使由于滤色器产生的光损失保持很小。由于发光二极管的高效率,在产生少量热量的情况下达到高亮度。
整个表面上色点的均匀分布和适当的聚焦装置的结合导致亮度的进一步的有效的提高。在此,整个表面上光点的均匀分布导致均匀的亮度分布,通过聚焦装置可以进一步提高该均匀的亮度分布。各个光点中发光二极管的紧凑布置导致好的颜色混合。通过反射白色的面和反射器形状来利用现在以较不利的角度发射的光。非常小的发光二极管的使用导致厚度为几毫米、例如2mm的紧凑装置。
发光二极管需要非常低的工作电压,因此适宜将多个发光二极管串联连接在一起。当这些发光二极管中的一个出现故障时,其他的发光二极管不再被供电并且同样出现故障。为了减少或者甚至必要时排除这种效应的可见度,在按照本发明的照明装置的另一个改进方案中规定,一个光点的一个发光二极管与多个其他光点的各一个发光二极管串联连接构成一个电路。
为了避免在发光二极管出现故障时特别是产生干扰条纹或光斑,可以这样构造该改进方案,使得发光二极管分别属于一个电路的光点与至少一个其他电路的光点交错地布置。通过该交错布置,利用适当的光学的光分配装置可以使一个组的故障几乎不可见。
该改进方案的另一个有利的扩展方案在于,在每个光点中存在多个同色发光二极管,其中同色发光二极管被连接到不同的电路上。在此,在不采取其他措施的情况下出现亮度变化和颜色变化,这对于很多应用来说是可以容忍的。
然而可以通过以下方式来补偿颜色变化,即设置针对输送到单个电路的电流的控制装置,这些控制装置在同色发光二极管的电路中的一个中断时在补偿由中断所引起的色移的意义上控制相同光点的同色发光二极管和不同颜色发光二极管的至少一个其他电路的电路中电流。
只要这鉴于有关发光二极管的允许的损失功率是可能的,就可以在此规定,将同色发光二极管的至少一个其他电路中的电流升高。利用这种措施不仅可以使亮度而且可以使颜色恢复到初始状态。
如果提高剩余的同色发光二极管的功率是不可能或不适宜的,则可以降低不同颜色发光二极管的电路中的电流。尽管因此降低了亮度,然而该颜色基本上可以得以保持。
该改进方案的另一个有利的扩展方案在于,存在一个分别具有两个发绿光和两个发红光的发光二极管的4×8个光点的网格,为发红光的发光二极管设置四个电路,其中每两个电路被分配给相同光点的发光二极管,这些光点在网格上以棋盘形式分布。在此有利地规定,发绿光的发光二极管被连接到八个电路上,其中八个光点的各一个发绿光的发光二极管被连接到一个电路上,而相同光点的另一个发绿光的发光二极管被连接到另一个电路上。
在该扩展方案中考虑到,由于发红光和发绿光的发光二极管需要不同的电压,以及由于幅值约为40V的适当的工作电压,所以串联16个发红光的发光二极管,然而只串联八个发绿光的发光二极管。
附图说明
本发明允许很多实施形式。其中之一借助于多个图在附图中示出并且将在下面进行叙述。其中:
图1示出了利用按照本发明的照明装置从背后照亮的显示器的示意图,
图2示出了一个实施例的俯视图,
图3示出了一个光点的放大图,
图4示出了该实施例的一个光点和围绕该光点的部分的截面图,以及
图5示出了发光二极管的电源的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出了具有光源1和显示器3的装置,其中在光源1和显示器3之间设置了一个光学装置,用于将从光源1发出的光在均匀分布的意义上聚焦到显示器3的表面上。光源和显示器之间的距离为几厘米。用于导热的冷却器4位于光源1的背面。
图2示出了具有白色塑料框架的光源1的俯视图,在所示出的实施例中该白色塑料框架包括8×4个孔,光点6位于其中。塑料框架5的大小相当于显示器的可见面积。塑料框架5和光点6位于用于固定和导热的铝板7上。用于连接发光二极管与电源的扁形电缆8形式的导线从侧面引出。
图3示出了一个光点6的放大图,该光点是由塑料框架5中的一个孔构成的。四个发光二极管9以加高的方式布置在子安装件10(图4)上的孔中心。发光二极管通过接合线11与导线14连接,该导线14只示意性地通过由其占据的面积的阴影线示出。在有利的实施形式中,这些发光二极管中的一个发红光,两个发绿光,以及第四个发蓝光。在这种布置情况下,光混合成白色。子安装件10和框架5之间的空间用白色填料12填满,该白色填料12的表面用作为从发光二极管9的侧面发射出来的光的反射器。透明填料13提供光源的平滑表面并且负责保护接合线和发光二极管。
图5示意性地示出了一个具有32个光点的实施例的发光二极管到电路的连接。因为在一个图中只能不充分地且不清楚地示出很多连接,所以这些发光二极管用不同的符号根据其与单个电路的所属性来表征,这些发光二极管的电源单个地示出或描述。详细地示出了用于发红光的发光二极管(下面也称为红色发光二极管)的两个电路。网格的列是用1至8来编号的,而行是用字母A至D来标明的。为了与其他所使用的参考符号相区别,图5中的列号码被印刷成斜体。
光点A1、A3、A5、A7、B2、B4至D8的一个红色发光二极管R分别被连接到电路21上,此外该电路还包括可控电源22和电流测量电阻23。相同光点、即A1、A3至D8的另一个红色发光二极管用同样的方式分别连接到具有可控电源25和电流测量电阻26的另一个电路24上。相应地,光点A1、A3、B2、B4、C1、C3、D2和D4的绿色发光二极管被连接到两个其他的没有示出的电路上。两个其他的没有示出的电路为光点A5、A7、B6、B8、C5、C7、D6和D8的绿色发光二极管供电。相应地实现光点A2、A4、A6、A8至D7的供电。
因此,在正常的运行状态下,为所有的发光二极管提供这样预先规定的电流,使得所得到的光具有所希望的颜色。如果现在例如连接在电路21上的一个红色发光二极管出现故障,则这借助于电流测量电阻23上不存在电压降来确定,并且为了提高电路24中的电流而控制电源25。如果这由于有关的发光二极管的负载容量原因或单个光点热平衡的原因而不可能实现,则可以降低绿色发光二极管中的电流,这在图5中没有示出。
通过光点的棋盘式配置,在连接在相同电路上的光点的颜色和/或亮度改变时所产生的结构变得较不明显,并且可以通过光学装置例如与在将光点以行的形式或以列的形式分配给相应电路时相比更好地进行分配。

Claims (21)

1. 用于从背后照亮包括光阀的图像再现装置的照明装置,其中分别由多个发光二极管(9)构成的光点(6)以网格的形式布置,
其特征在于,
各个光点(6)的发光二极管被电绝缘地设置在子安装件(10)的基本上平坦的表面上,以及所述子安装件(10)导热很好并且与平坦的导热载体(7)导热很好地连接在一起。
2. 按照权利要求1的照明装置,
其特征在于,
所述子安装件(10)的面积分别小于由所述网格所给定的面积,以及在绝缘载体上在所述子安装件(10)之间的没有被子安装件(10)占据的所述载体(7)的面积上布置用于为所述发光二极管(9)供电的线路(14)。
3. 按照权利要求2的照明装置,
其特征在于,
在柔性薄膜中敷设所述线路(14),所述柔性薄膜作为扁形导线(8)在所述载体之外延续。
4. 按照上述权利要求之一的照明装置,
其特征在于,
所述子安装件(10)由硅构成。
5. 按照权利要求1的照明装置,
其特征在于,
所述载体(7)由最纯的铝构成。
6. 按照权利要求1的照明装置,
其特征在于,
所述载体(7)由铜构成。
7. 按照权利要求1的照明装置,
其特征在于,
所述载体(7)与散热片连接在一起。
8. 按照权利要求2的照明装置,
其特征在于,
所述子安装件(10)之间的中间空隙用塑料(5,12)填满。
9. 按照权利要求1的照明装置,
其特征在于,
各个光点(6)的发光二极管(9)发射不同颜色的光。
10. 按照权利要求1的照明装置,
其特征在于,
四个发光二极管(9)构成一个光点(6)。
11. 按照权利要求10的照明装置,
其特征在于,
在每个光点(6)中设有两个发绿光的发光二极管、一个发蓝光的发光二极管和一个发红光的发光二极管。
12. 按照权利要求1的照明装置,
其特征在于,
所述光点(6)分别由一个反射器(15)所包围。
13. 按照权利要求12的照明装置,
其特征在于,
由所述反射器(15)构成的包括所述光点的凹穴用透明塑料(13)填满。
14. 按照权利要求1的照明装置,
其特征在于,
一个光点的各个发光二极管与多个其他光点的各一个发光二极管串联连接构成一个电路。
15. 按照权利要求14的照明装置,
其特征在于,
发光二极管分别属于一个电路的光点与至少一个其他电路的光点交错地布置。
16. 按照权利要求14或15之一的照明装置,
其特征在于,
在每个光点中存在多个同色发光二极管,其中所述同色发光二极管被连接到不同的电路上。
17. 按照权利要求16的照明装置,
其特征在于,
设有针对输送到单个电路的电流的控制装置,其在同色发光二极管的电路之一中断时在补偿由中断引起的色移的意义上控制相同光点的同色发光二极管和不同颜色发光二极管的至少一个其他电路的电路中电流。
18. 按照权利要求17的照明装置,
其特征在于,
同色发光二极管的至少一个其他电路中的电流被提高。
19. 按照权利要求17或18之一的照明装置,
其特征在于,
不同颜色发光二极管的电路中的电流被降低。
20. 按照权利要求14的照明装置,
其特征在于,
存在一个分别具有两个发绿光和两个发红光的发光二极管的4×8个光点的网格,针对所述发红光的发光二极管设有四个电路,其中每两个电路被分配给相同光点的发光二极管,这些光点在所述网格上以棋盘的形式分布。
21. 按照权利要求20的照明装置,
其特征在于,
所述发绿光的发光二极管被连接到八个电路上,其中八个光点的各一个发绿光的发光二极管被连接到一个电路上,并且相同光点的另一个发绿光的发光二极管被连接到另一个电路上。
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