CN100349415C - 用于对网格系统资源进行自主控制的设备、系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于对网格系统资源进行自主控制的设备、系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN100349415C
CN100349415C CNB2004100947474A CN200410094747A CN100349415C CN 100349415 C CN100349415 C CN 100349415C CN B2004100947474 A CNB2004100947474 A CN B2004100947474A CN 200410094747 A CN200410094747 A CN 200410094747A CN 100349415 C CN100349415 C CN 100349415C
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小约瑟夫·约翰·法图拉
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Western Digital Technologies Inc
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Abstract

公开了用于对网格系统资源进行自主控制的设备、系统和方法。自主管理设备包括监视模块、策略模块和调节模块。监视模块被配置为监视网格计算系统中是否有触发事件。策略模块被配置为访问多个系统策略中的一个策略,多个系统策略中的每一个策略都对应于网格计算系统的系统资源的操作控制参数。调节模块被配置为响应识别的触发事件根据多个系统策略中的一个策略自主调节系统资源的调节模块。触发事件可以是启动触发事件、调节触发事件和预测触发事件中的一个。

Description

用于对网格系统资源进行自主控制的设备、系统和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及网格计算,具体来说,涉及对网格计算系统中的性能资源的自主控制。
背景技术
网格计算在计算行业是相对较新的技术。许多当前的网格计算系统可使多台互相连接的计算机或节点对在单独的一台机器上不可能完成的比较大的网格应用程序(如计算问题)进行协作。为了可行地管理这样大量的计算过程,计算问题可以分为多个较小的,比较容易管理的作业。这种网格应用程序的共享处理在某种程度上是可能的,因为在许多个人和商用计算机上有强制的或偶然空闲处理器时间。
此外,网格计算系统还可以允许跨系统内的多个节点之间的共享存储。如此,数据可以以备份的形式远程存储在系统上,并允许大量数据实际上由单个节点进行存储。
设计和实现网格计算系统中面临的主要问题之一是资源管理。管理网格计算系统可用的性能资源对于系统的效能很重要。例如,对于从网格计算系统中的许多节点可以使用的各种不同的存储、内存和处理资源,这些性能资源必须在某种程度上以有组织而有效率的方式在网格系统内加以利用。
常规的网格系统通常实现了一种刺激-响应环境,在该环境中,操作和命令只是响应给定刺激而执行的。例如,如果一个网格应用程序需要某些处理器容量或特定量的存储空间,那么,可以只分配该处理器容量或存储空间量,用于执行该网格应用程序。这种刺激-响应环境不能适应分布式计算的动态特性,在分布式计算中,许多性能资源可以动态地分配、回收、预留等等。由于不能在这样的动态环境内调节网格应用程序的操作,网格计算操作必须保持相对比较简单,以符合简单的刺激-响应环境。
因此,需要有能够促进对网格计算系统上的性能资源进行有利的自主控制的设备、系统和方法。优选情况下,这样的设备、系统和方法将克服当前存在的对网格应用程序和网格计算系统的限制。
发明内容
本发明是在响应当前的技术状况而开发出来的,具体来说,响应当前的网格计算系统还没有完全解决的技术中的问题和需求而产生的。相应地,本发明提供了用于对网格计算系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的设备、系统和方法,克服了当前技术中上文所讨论的许多缺点或全部缺点。
用于对网格计算系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的设备配备有逻辑单元,该逻辑单元包含多个模块,这些模块被配置为在功能上执行对网格计算系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的必需的步骤。所描述的实施例中的这些模块包括全局监视模块、全局策略模块、全局调节模块、全局预留模块、全局终止模块、全局仲裁模块以及全局配置文件模块。
本发明还提供了用于对网格计算系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的系统。该系统可以在局域网、广域网、局域网和广域网的组合、一个或多个无线网络、基于因特网的网格计算网络,或任何数量的网格计算环境中实现。具体来说,在一个实施例中,该系统包括全局自主管理设备、本地自主管理设备、策略模块以及调节模块。系统可以进一步包括预订管理器,该管理器被配置为管理连接到网格计算系统的每一个客户端的费用预订。
还提供了用于对网格计算系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的客户端。在一个实施例中,客户端配备有逻辑单元,该逻辑单元包含多个模块,这些模块被配置为在功能上执行对网格计算系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的必需的步骤。所描述的实施例中的这些模块包括客户端监视模块、客户端策略模块、客户端通知模块、客户端分配模块、客户端回收模块、客户端启动模块、客户端终止模块,以及客户端配置文件模块。
本发明还提供了用于对网格计算系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的方法。所说明的实施例中的方法基本上包括执行上文关于所描述的设备和系统的操作提供的功能所需的步骤。在一个实施例中,该方法包括监视网格计算系统中是否有触发事件,访问多个系统策略中的一个策略,响应识别的触发事件根据多个系统策略中的一个策略调节系统资源。在一个实施例中,多个系统策略中的每一个策略都对应于网格计算系统的系统资源的操作控制参数。此外,触发事件可以是启动触发事件、调节触发事件或预测触发事件。
该方法还可以包括给网格系统操作预留系统资源,终止给网格系统操作预留系统资源,根据仲裁策略仲裁相互冲突的网格系统操作,以及存储系统资源配置文件。在一个实施例中,系统资源配置文件识别分配给网格系统的客户端资源。
本发明的一个实施例优选情况下允许在网格计算环境内自主管理动态分配的性能资源。此外,本发明的另一个实施例优选情况下允许客户端在网格计算系统内自主分配和回收性能资源。另一个实施例优选情况下允许全局自主管理设备为特定的网格应用程序和操作自主地预留分配的性能资源。
在整个说明书中对特征、优点的引用或类似的语言并不意味着,可以用本发明实现的所有特点和优点应该是或在本发明的任何单个实施例中。相反,引用特征和优点的语言应被理解为表示,结合一个实施例描述的特征、优点或特征包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。如此,在整个说明书中,对特征和优点的讨论,以及类似的语言,可以但不一定指的是同一个实施例。
此外,本发明的所描述的特点、优点和特征可以在一个或多个实施例中以任何适当的方式合并。那些精通相关技术的人员将知道,本发明可以在没有特定实施例的一个或多个特点或优点的情况下实施。在其他情况下,其他特点和优点可以在某些实施例中出现,不一定在本发明的所有实施例中出现。
通过下面的描述和所附的权利要求,本发明的这些特点和优点将变得显而易见,或者,也可以通过本发明的实践来了解。
附图说明
为了能够轻松地理解本发明的优点,上文简要描述的本发明的比较特定的说明将通过参考特定实施例来呈现,特定实施例将通过所附的图形加以说明。理解这些图形只描述了本发明的典型实施例,不应该被认为是限制本发明的范围,将通过使用附图并结合其他特征和细节描述和说明本发明,其中:
图1是说明根据本发明的网格系统的一个实施例的示意方框图;
图2是说明根据本发明的网格系统的另一个实施例的示意方框图;
图3是说明根据本发明的全局自主管理器的一个实施例的示意方框图;
图4是说明根据本发明的客户端的一个实施例的示意方框图;
图5是说明根据本发明的刺激响应方法的一个实施例的示意流程图;
图6是说明根据本发明的自主调节方法的一个实施例的示意流程图;以及
图7是说明根据本发明的自主预测方法的一个实施例的示意流程图。
具体实施方式
本说明书中所描述的许多功能单元被标记为模块,以便更具体地强调它们的实现方式的独立性。例如,模块可以作为硬件电路来实现,包括自定义VLSI电路或门阵列,诸如逻辑芯片、晶体管之类的现成半导体或其他分离的元件。模块也可以以可编程硬件设备来实现,如现场可编程门阵列、可编程阵列逻辑、可编程逻辑器件等等。
模块也可以以供各种类型的处理器执行的软件来实现。可执行代码的识别的模块可以包括计算机指令的一个或多个物理或逻辑块,而计算机指令可以作为对象、过程或函数来组织。尽管如此,识别的模块的可执行程序不必在物理上位于一起,而可以包括存储在不同位置的完全不同的指令,当这些指令在逻辑上联接在一起时,构成了模块并可以获得模块的声明的用途。
实际上,可执行代码的模块可以是单个指令,或许多指令,甚至可以分布在多个不同的代码段中,分布在不同的程序中,以及跨多个内存设备分布。同样,操作数据在这里也可以在模块内识别和说明,并可以以任何适当的形式实现,在任何适当的数据结构类型内组织。操作数据可以作为单个数据集收集,也可以分布在不同的位置,包括分布在不同的存储设备,全异的内存设备中,也可以至少部分地只作为系统或网络上的电子信号存在。
此外,模块也可以作为软件和一个或多个硬件设备的组合来实现。例如,模块也可以以存储在内存设备中的软件可执行代码的组合来实现。在另一个示例中,模块可以是对操作数据的集合进行操作的处理器的组合。此外,模块也可以以通过传输电路传输的电子信号的组合来实现。
在整个说明书中,对“一个实施例”、“实施例”的引用或类似的语言表示,结合实施例描述的特点、优点或特征包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。如此,在整个说明书中,“在一个实施例中”、“在实施例中”等句子的出现可以,但不一定都指的是同一个实施例。
此外,本发明的所描述的特点、结构和特征可以在一个或多个实施例中以任何适当的方式合并。在下面的描述中,提供了许多细节,如编程、软件模块、用户选择、网络事务、数据库查询、数据库结构、数据库、硬件模块、硬件电路、硬件芯片等等的示例,以提供对本发明的实施例的全面的了解。然而,那些精通相关技术的人员将认识到,本发明可以在不使用一个或多个细节的情况下实施,或者可以用其他方法、组件、材料等等来实施。在其他情况下,没有显示或详细描述已知的结构、材料或操作,以避免使本发明某些方面变得模糊。
图1描述了网格系统100,该网格系统包括通过通信信道112连接到多个客户端104-110或节点的网格服务器102。所显示的网格系统100类似于局域网(LAN),在一个实施例中,通信信道112可以是以太网通信信道、无线通信信道或其他相当的通信信道。同样,通信信道112可以包括各种类型的通信信道的组合。虽然所描述的网格系统100包括一个网格服务器102和四个客户端104-110,但是,网格系统100可以包括各种网络配置的组合,可以具有更少或更多的客户端104-110,一个以上的服务器102,或其他服务器配置。在另一个实施例中,网格系统100还可以包括预订管理器(未显示),如参考图2所描述的。在一个实施例中,网格服务器102还可以同时充当网格系统100的预订管理器。
在一个实施例中,网格系统100被配置执行网格应用程序。网格应用程序是在一起获得指定目标的工程项目的集合。例如,网格应用程序可以确定非常复杂的数学计算,包括天气预报、股票市场发展等等。网格应用程序还可以处理大规模的多媒体操作。在另一个实施例中,网格应用程序可以对大型而不同的数据量执行数据备份操作。在这些情况中的每一种情况下,网格应用程序的执行都可能需要网格系统100内的多个节点104-110的合作。
网格应用程序可以分为作业,或单个的工作单元。网格应用程序的多个作业可以在各个节点104-110中的一个或多个节点上同时执行、串行地执行或独立地执行。节点104-110中的每一个节点都可以给网格系统100分配某些性能资源,以便执行网格应用程序。客户端104-110所提供的这些性能资源可以包括处理器能力、处理器容量、存储容量、内存容量,及其他类似的资源。在一个实施例中,客户端104-110可以给网格系统100贡献出总的处理器能力、存储容量或内存容量中的一定量,以便执行网格应用程序。
每一个客户端104-110都可以充当源客户端或资源客户端,具体取决于客户端104-110在特定网格应用程序中的角色。例如,在客户端104-110启动网格应用程序的情况下,客户端104-110充当源客户端。或者,在客户端104-110使本地性能资源可用于执行远程启动的网格应用程序的情况下,客户端104-110充当资源客户端。例如,在网格备份操作的情况下,源客户端在一个或多个资源客户端上可以具有备份数据文件,而资源客户端分配某些可用的存储空间给网格系统100,以便执行这样的备份网格应用程序。在另一个实施例中,网格服务器102除了充当网络100的服务器102外,还可以充当网格系统100上的客户端,因为它可以启动网格应用程序并可以使本地性能资源提供给网格系统100。
图2描述了网格系统200的另一个实施例,它在某些方面类似于图1的网格系统100。所显示的网格系统200在因特网202运行,因特网202在网格系统200的各个其他组件之间提供通信信道。所显示的网格系统200还包括网络系统204、206,它们类似于图1所示的网格系统100,并构成了图2的网格系统200内的子系统。此外,网格系统200还可以包括直接连接到因特网的其他客户端208、210,因为它们不是本地网络的一部分。
网格系统200还可以包括预订管理器212,该管理器被配置为管理客户端到网格计算系统200的预订。在一个实施例中,预订管理器可以在客户端费用或客户端使用网格系统资源或从网格计算系统100预期某一服务级别的权限方面管理预订客户端使用网格系统100的情况。预订管理器212也可以连接到网格系统200内的其他网络系统204、206。在另一个实施例中,网格系统200可以具有多个预订管理器212,每一个预订管理器都管理独立定义的预订组。
如上所述,可以使用其他类似的网格系统配置代替或补充图1和2中描述的网格系统100、200。在下面的描述中,对网格系统100、200中的任何一个的引用都可以可互换地表示网格系统100、200中的任何一个或两者,除非明确地指出专指网格系统100、200中的一个。
图3描述了全局自主管理器300的一个实施例。在一个实施例中,所显示的全局自主管理器300被配置为促进对网格系统100上的性能资源进行自主控制。在一个实施例中,全局自主管理器300包括中央处理单元(CPU)302、本地存储设备304、用户界面306、网络接  308、内存310,以及全局自主管理设备312。CPU302一般地被配置为执行全局自主管理器300内的操作。在一个实施例中,用户界面306被配置为允许用户与全局自主管理器300进行交互,包括允许用户输入数据和命令并将输出数据传递给用户。在一个实施例中,网络接口308被配置为促进全局自主管理器300通过格型网络100的通信信道112的网络通信。
在一个实施例中,本地内存310被配置为存储多个数据和元数据文件,这些文件可以与网格性能资源的自主控制一起使用。在另一个实施例中,这些数据和元数据文件中的某些或全部可以在本地存储设备304中进行复制。在另一个实施例中,这些数据和元数据文件中的一个或全部可以排他地存储在本地存储设备304而不是存储在内存310中。同样,这些数据和元数据文件可以存储本地内存310和存储器304的组合中。在另一个实施例中,这些数据和元数据文件中的一个或全部可以存储在网格系统100上的分布式存储器上。虽然本说明书引用了“文件”,但是,可以理解本发明以与使用其他电子内存和存储结构基本上相同的方式进行操作。这里对数据文件或元数据文件的引用被理解为等效地引用其他这样的电子内存和存储结构。
具体来说,内存310可以存储系统资源配置文件314、一个或多个系统预测策略316、一个或多个系统调节策略318、一个或多个系统终止策略320,以及一个或多个系统仲裁策略321。在一个实施例中,系统资源配置文件314被配置为存储一个或多个参数,指出贡献给或分配给网格系统100的特定性能资源。在一个实施例中,系统预测策略316被配置为定义一个或多个预测触发事件,并指出全局自主管理器300响应识别的预测触发事件将采取什么操作。
同样,在一个实施例中,系统调节策略318被配置为定义一个或多个调节触发事件,并指出全局自主管理器300响应识别的调节触发事件将采取什么操作。同样,在一个实施例中,系统终止策略320被配置为定义一个或多个终止触发事件,并指出全局自主终止器300响应识别的终止触发事件将采取什么操作。此外,在一个实施例中,系统仲裁策略321被配置为存储一个或多个仲裁策略,并指出全局自主仲裁器300响应识别的冲突将采取什么操作。
触发事件可以包括由如上所述的策略316、318、320、321中的一个策略所定义的任何操作。例如,触发事件可以包括数据流的变化、时间的变化、预定时间、网格操作、客户端操作、自动操作、手工操作、用户请求或这些及其他类型的客户端、网格、用户,及其他监视的操作的各种组合。
在一个实施例中,全局自主管理设备312被配置为促进对网格系统100上的性能资源进行自主控制。所显示的全局自主管理设备312包括全局监视模块322、全局策略模块324,以及全局调节模块326。
在一个实施例中,全局监视模块322被配置为监视网格系统100中的由系统预测、调节或终止策略316、318、320中的一个策略定义的触发事件。在一个实施例中,全局策略模块324被配置允许用户访问和定义系统预测、调节或终止策略316、318、320。
在一个实施例中,全局调节模块312被配置为响应识别的触发事件并根据系统预测、调节或终止策略316、318、320自主调节网格系统100上的性能资源。所描述的全局调节模块326包括全局预留模块328、全局终止模块330、全局仲裁模块332,以及全局配置文件模块334。
在一个实施例中,全局预留模块328被配置为预留网格系统100上的性能资源,以便执行特定的网格应用程序或网格系统操作。同样,在一个实施例中,全局终止模块330被配置为终止预留的用于执行特定网格应用程序的性能资源。如此,全局自主管理设备312可以指定和取消指定网格系统100上的用于执行特定网格应用程序或作业的某些分配的性能资源。
在一个实施例中,全局仲裁模块332被配置在竞争的网格应用程序要求和相互冲突的性能资源分配之间进行仲裁。例如,全局仲裁模块332可以临时挂起指定给当前正在使用的性能资源的作业分配或执行。在另一个实施例中,全局仲裁模块可以被配置为在相互冲突的网格系统操作和本地客户端操作之间进行仲裁。客户端104-110可以回收以前指定给网格系统100使用的性能资源。在此情况下,可能需要重新执行中止的网格操作或指定其他性能资源来完成挂起的网格操作。
在一个实施例中,全局配置文件模块334可以被配置为管理系统资源配置文件314。在一个实施例中,全局配置文件模块334可以跟踪整个网格系统100中可用的性能资源。在另一个实施例中,全局配置文件模块334还可以跟踪网格系统100中的可用的性能资源的使用情况。此外,全局配置文件模块334可以被配置为将系统资源配置文件314与一个或多个客户端104-110上的类似的配置文件同步。
图4描述了可以作为网格系统100内的源客户端或者资源客户端操作的客户端400的一个实施例。与图3的全局自主管理器300一样,客户端400包括CPU402、本地存储设备404、用户界面406、网络接口408和内存410。所显示的客户端400还包括本地自主管理设备412。客户端400的CPU402、用户界面406和网络接口408基本上类似于全局自主管理器300的CPU302、用户界面306和网络接口308。
在一个实施例中,内存410可以被配置为存储客户端资源配置文件414、一个或多个客户端预测策略416、一个或多个客户端启动策略418、一个或多个客户端调节策略420,以及一个或多个客户端终止策略422。客户端资源配置文件414可以类似于全局自主管理器300的系统资源配置文件314。然而,客户端资源配置文件414被配置为存储一个或多个参数,指出由客户端400献给网格系统100的特定性能资源。例如,客户端可以贡献带宽、存储器、内存、处理周期、输入/输出设备等等,供网格应用程序使用。
客户端预测策略416、客户端调节策略420,以及客户端终止策略422可以分别类似于全局自主管理器300上的系统预测策略316、系统调节策略318,以及系统终止策略320。例如,客户端预测策略416可以包括请求全局自主管理设备312预留网格性能资源的策略,以期待从发出请求的客户端400产生的网格应用程序。
然而,这些客户端策略416、420、422可以在献给网格系统100的客户端性能资源方面特定于客户端400。例如,客户端调节策略420可以包括根据从客户端400发出的网格操作量调节客户端性能资源分配的策略。在某些实施例中,如果客户端400正在启动大量的网格系统操作,则客户端400可以根据客户端调节策略420分配更多的性能资源给网格系统100。
在一个实施例中,客户端启动策略416包括指出客户端400为响应给定的启动触发事件而将采取什么操作。例如,客户端启动策略416可以包括调节何时启动网格应用程序的策略。例如,客户端启动策略316可以指定网格应用程序只在工作时间之后,在午餐时间,当客户端处理器空闲指定的一段时间之后等等。
在一个实施例中,所显示的本地自主管理设备412可以被配置为促进对网格系统100上的性能资源进行自主控制。所描述的本地自主管理设备412包括客户端监视模块424、客户端策略模块426、客户端通知模块428,以及客户端调节模块430。
在一个实施例中,客户端监视模块424被配置为监视客户端400中的由客户端预测、启动、调节或终止策略416、418、420、422中的一个策略定义的触发事件。在一个实施例中,客户端策略模块426被配置允许用户访问和定义客户端预测、启动、调节或终止策略416、418、420、422。在一个实施例中,客户端通知模块428被配置为将客户端400上的相关活动通知给全局自主管理器300,如客户端资源配置文件414被修改、网格应用程序启动,网格应用程序终止等等。
在一个实施例中,客户端调节模块430被配置为响应识别的触发事件并根据客户端预测、启动、调节或终止策略416、418、420、422自主调节网格客户端400上的性能资源。所描述的客户端调节模块430包括客户端分配模块432、客户端回收模块434、客户端启动模块436、客户端终止模块438,以及客户端配置文件模块440。
在一个实施例中,客户端分配模块432被配置为根据客户端资源配置文件414给网格系统100分配客户端性能资源。如上所述,客户端性能资源可以是客户端400可以提供给网格系统操作使用任何性能资源,包括对客户端的可访问权限、客户端带宽、客户端处理器、客户端存储器、客户端内存等等。同样,在一个实施例中,客户端回收模块434被配置为回收分配给网格系统100的客户端性能资源。回收客户端性能资源之后,网格系统100就无法再使用该资源了。因此,全局自主管理设备312就无法通过全局预留模块328预留被回收的客户端性能资源。如此,本地自主管理设备412可以分配和回收网格系统100上的性能资源,例如,当这样的性能资源不被客户端400使用时。
在一个实施例中,客户端启动模块436被配置为响应启动触发事件并根据客户端启动策略418在网格系统100上启动网格应用程序。同样,在一个实施例中,客户端终止模块438被配置为响应终止触发事件并根据客户端终止策略422终止由客户端400启动的网格应用程序。
在一个实施例中,客户端配置文件模块440可以被配置为管理客户端资源配置文件414。在一个实施例中,客户端配置文件模块440可以跟踪分配的客户端性能资源。在另一个实施例中,客户端配置文件模块440还可以跟踪分配的客户端性能资源的使用情况。此外,客户端配置文件模块440可以被配置为将客户端资源配置文件414与全局自主管理器300上的系统资源配置文件314同步。
下面的示意流程图将一般性地阐述为逻辑流程图。因此,所描述的顺序和标记的步骤表示所提供的过程的一个实施例。其他步骤和过程可以被认为是在功能、逻辑或效果上类似。此外,所提供的格式和符号用于说明过程的逻辑步骤,而不对过程的范围作出限制。同样,虽然在流程图中可以使用各个箭头类型和线条类型,但是,它们不对对应的过程的范围作出限制。实际上,可以使用某些箭头或其他连接符来只表示过程的逻辑流程。例如,箭头可以表示所描述的过程的枚举的步骤之间的未指定的持续时间的等待或监视时间段。
图5描述了可以由客户端400上的本地自主管理设备412使用的自主启动方法500的一个实施例。所显示的自主启动方法500随着客户端400监视504启动触发事件而开始502。在一个实施例中,客户端400可以使用客户端监视模块424来监视启动触发事件。在一个实施例中,启动触发事件由客户端启动策略418中的一个策略进行定义。
自主启动方法500继续506监视504启动触发事件,直到客户端400识别508定义的启动触发事件。然后,如客户端启动策略418所示,客户端400启动适当的网格应用程序。在一个实施例中,客户端400使用客户端启动模块436启动网格应用程序,并通过客户端通知模块428通知全局自主管理器300。然后,客户端400在网格系统100上执行网格应用程序,直到网格应用程序完成514。然后,所描述的自主启动方法500结束516。
图6描述了可以由全局自主管理器300上的全局自主管理设备312或客户端上的本地自主管理设备412使用的自主调节方法600的一个实施例。所显示的自主调节方法600以与如上所述的自主启动方法500相同的方式开始。事实上,在一个实施例中,自主调节方法600遵循与自主启动方法500基本上相同的步骤604、606、608以启动610网格应用程序。
然而,当网格应用程序操作正在网格系统100上执行612并在网格应用程序完成614之前,自主调节方法600监视网格系统100上的调节触发事件。在一个实施例中,客户端400可以使用客户端监视模块424来监视调节触发事件。在另一个实施例中,全局自主管理器300可以使用全局监视模块322来监视调节触发事件。在一个实施例中,调节触发事件由客户端调节策略420中的一个策略进行定义。或者,调节触发事件可以由其中一个系统调节策略318进行定义。
如果调节触发事件不能被识别618,则网格应用程序继续正常地执行。然而,如果调节触发事件被识别618,则自主调节方法600根据对应的客户端调节策略420或系统调节策略318调节620性能资源。在一个实施例中,自主调节方法600可以通过为网格应用程序预留更多的性能资源或通过终止现有的被预留的性能资源来调节620性能资源。或者,自主调节方法600可以通过分配或回收客户端性能资源,或者甚至还可以通过客户端终止模块438来终止网格应用程序,来调节620性能资源。
网格系统100继续执行网格应用程序,接受调用的自主调节,直到网格应用程序被客户端400或全局自主管理器300终止或直到网格应用程序完成614。然后,所描述的自主调节方法600结束622。
图7描述了可以由全局自主管理器300上的全局自主管理设备312或客户端上的本地自主管理设备412使用的自主预测方法700的一个实施例。在一个实施例中,可以在启动网格应用程序之前调用自主预测方法700。在另一个实施例中,如参考图5和6所描述的,可以在识别508、608启动触发事件之前调用自主预测方法700。
所显示的自主预测方法700通过监视704预测触发事件开始702。在一个实施例中,客户端400可以使用客户端监视模块424来监视预测触发事件。在另一个实施例中,全局自主管理器300可以使用全局监视模块322来监视预测触发事件。在一个实施例中,预测触发事件由客户端预测策略416中的一个策略进行定义。或者,预测触发事件可以由其中一个系统预测策略316进行定义。
自主预测方法700继续706监视704预测触发事件,直到客户端400识别708定义的预测触发事件。然后,客户端400分别根据客户端预测策略416或系统预测策略316调节710客户端400或网格系统100的性能资源。在一个实施例中,自主预测方法700可以通过为网格应用程序预留更多的性能资源或通过终止现有的被预留的性能资源来调节710性能资源。或者,自主预测方法700可以分别通过客户端分配模块432和客户端回收模块434来分配或回收客户端性能资源,从而对性能资源进行调节710。此外,客户端400可以将有关对性能资源分配和客户端资源配置文件414的更改通过客户端通知模块428通知给全局自主管理器300。然后,所描述的自主预测方法700结束712。
作为前述的方法500、600、700的一个示例,全局自主管理器300可以监视网格计算系统100上的网格应用程序的性能。当监视网格的性能时,如果总体性能开始减慢,则全局调节模块326可以调用系统调节策略318来提高分配给网格应用程序的性能资源量。
例如,一家电影制片厂可以执行在一个特定日期到期的多媒体着色项目。为满足此最后期限,项目经理或业务执行经理可以决定提高网格系统100可用的客户端性能资源。在一个实施例中,增大一个网格应用程序的性能资源可以减少网格系统100上的其他客户端和网格应用程序可用的性能资源。如此,调节策略318定义了响应增大资源请求要采取的操作。此外,全局自主管理设备312可以帮助全局自主管理器300和客户端400管理网格应用程序才能在项目最后期限前完成。在其他实施例中,增大性能资源的请求可以根据定义项目限制和期限的调节策略318自主地进行。
在另一个实施例中,可以基于网格系统100的总体性能定义高级别的调节策略318,以改变网格系统100和客户端400可用的性能资源。例如,使用上文讨论的同一个多媒体着色示例,调节策略318可以允许在多媒体着色网格应用程序当前没有利用分配的客户端性能资源的情况下客户端性能资源被客户端400动态地回收。同样,当请求被回收的客户端性能资源执行更多的多媒体着色网格应用程序操作时,可以将它们重新分配给多媒体着色网格应用程序。这是动态调节策略318的一个实施例。
许多其他自主预测、启动、调节、终止和仲裁策略可以在各种网格系统100和应用环境中使用。例如,策略可以定义开/关控制。即,如果需要其服务,则它被打开,否则它被被关闭。在另一个实施例中,策略可以定义比例控制。即,如果需求增大或减小,可以与需求成比例地分配或回收资源。在另一个实施例中,根据需求的阶跃变化,可以对策略进行时间延迟或分阶段进行。例如,性能资源可以在某个时间段内逐渐地分配或回收,直到获得适当级别的资源可用性和分配。
对于预测策略,全局自主管理器300可以收集和使用历史信息或其他信息来预测何时特定负载、资源可用性、资源分配等等可能需要更改。例如,客户端400上的本地处理负载可能在每天的某一时间对网格系统100上的性能资源可用性造成不利影响。预测策略允许全局自主管理器300和客户端400可预见性地调整网格应用程序资源可用性,以期待典型的资源使用。这可以包括延迟网格应用程序或使网格应用程序比通常执行得更快。特定的预测、启动、调节、终止和仲裁策略不仅限于任何特定的策略、控制算法等等。
在一个实施例中,全局自主管理器300或客户端400上的策略的变化可以连接到预订管理器212。在一个实施例中,预订管理器212可以根据服务的变化调节费用。在另一个实施例中,预订管理器212可以防止策略中的特定的或全局变化。例如,一家企业可以预订网格系统100,并选择提供一些级别的性能资源。向该企业收取的费用可以与网格应用程序需求的级别和提供的性能资源的级别成正比。然而,根据特定的财政或其他企业标准,某些上和/或下阈值可以是固定的。在另一个实施例中,预订管理器212可以根据这些阈值阻止一个或多个策略中的潜在变化。
进一步讨论预订管理器212,在一个实施例中,预订管理器212是这样的一种设备:用于管理在确定用户费、控制服务级别、控制服务的使用、控制将性能资源等等或从客户、企业等等提供或向客户、企业等等提供的过程中收集、使用或产生的信息。
在一个实施例中,预订管理器212至少可以有两个用途。首先,它可以基于用户使用网格资源的情况和/或用户向网格提供性能资源的情况,确定向用户收取的用户费。其次,预订管理器212可以控制对网格系统100和网格资源的访问、使用、使用级别等等。预订管理器212还可以基于这里所描述的自主策略控制客户端性能资源向网格系统100的分配、提供的级别等等。
为了管理各种客户端400向网格系统100的预订,预订管理器212可以创建和存储客户端配置文件、全局配置文件和客户配置文件。在一个实施例中,预订管理器212的全局配置文件可以包含有关性能资源分配和使用情况的信息,才能确定特定客户的用户费。在一个实施例中,预订管理器212的全局配置文件可以对所有性能资源和使用网格系统100的客户端400通用。
在一个实施例中,客户配置文件包含将全局配置文件与特定客户关联的信息。客户配置文件可以收集有关特定客户的信息,包括有关客户端性能资源分配和本地调用的网格应用程序的信息。客户配置文件可以用来确定向客户收取的总费用。同样,在一个实施例中,预订管理器212中的客户端配置文件可以包含对应于特定客户端400的类似的信息。
在一个实施例中,预订管理器212基于客户端400为网格应用程序使用网格系统100的瞬时值、平均值、最大值、最小值、计划值、预留值、峰值等等使用情况中的一个或多个确定用户费。在另一个实施例中,预订管理器212可以跟踪客户端400向网格系统100分配客户端性能资源的情况。预订管理器212可以跟踪提供的级别的瞬时值、平均值、最大值、最小值、计划值、预留值、峰值等等中的一个或多个。在另一个实施例中,预订管理器212跟踪上面所列的因素中的一个或多个的组合。
在另一个实施例中,预订管理器212可以监视和控制全局自主管理器300或客户端400执行自主策略的情况。例如,一家企业可以为备份检索网格应用程序预订网格系统100。为降低成本,该企业可以决定从所连接的客户端400中的每一个客户端向网格系统100提供性能资源。如果用户决定回收特定客户端所分配的性能资源,并将提供的资源降为零,预订管理器212可以改变客户端配置文件和客户配置文件以确定相应的费用。根据预订管理器212的全局配置文件,网格系统100的全局自主管理器300可以为性能资源分配维持上下阈值,从而防止所有分配的资源都被回收。
在另一个实施例中,预订管理器212可以控制客户端400或全局自主管理器300请求的策略更改。预订管理器212的客户配置文件可以防止对资源分配或对客户端400的网格应用程序使用情况的某些更改。例如,客户端配置文件可以对在预先确定的记怅时间段内客户可能花费的总成本作出限制。如果超过了这些限制,预订管理器212可以阻止客户端400使用某些资源。
在不偏离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,本发明可以以其他特定形式来实现。所描述的实施例在各个方面可以视为只是说明性的,而不是限制性的。因此,本发明的范围不是由前述的说明书来指出,而是由所附的权利要求来指出。权利要求的等效内容的含义和范围内的所有变化都将包括在它们的范围内。

Claims (24)

1.一种用于对网格计算系统上的系统资源进行自主管理的自主管理设备,该设备包括:
被配置为监视网格计算系统中是否有触发事件的监视模块;
被配置为访问多个系统策略中的一个策略的策略模块,多个系统策略中的每一个策略都对应于网格计算系统的系统资源的操作控制参数;以及
调节模块,被配置为响应识别的触发事件,根据多个系统策略中的一个策略自主调节系统资源。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,触发事件包括启动触发事件、调节触发事件和预测触发事件中的一个。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,操作控制参数包括调节系统资源的命令。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,系统资源包括分配给网格计算系统的客户端处理器容量、客户端存储容量和客户端内存容量中的一个。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,调节模块包括被配置为给网格系统操作预留系统资源的预留模块。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,调节模块包括被配置为终止给网格系统操作预留系统资源的终止模块。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,调节模块包括被配置为根据仲裁策略仲裁相互冲突的网格系统操作的仲裁模块。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,调节模块包括被配置为存储系统资源配置文件的配置文件模块,系统资源配置文件识别客户端的系统资源,所述客户端的系统资源由客户端分配给网格计算系统。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,多个系统策略包括系统预测策略、系统调节策略和系统终止策略中的至少一个。
10.一种用于结合全局自主管理设备对网格计算系统上的系统资源进行自主管理的本地自主管理设备,该设备包括:
被配置为监视客户端中是否有触发事件的监视模块,触发事件包括启动触发事件、调节触发事件和预测触发事件中的一个;
被配置为访问多个客户端策略中的一个策略的策略模块,多个客户端策略中的每一个都对应于客户端资源的操作控制参数;
调节模块,被配置为响应识别的触发事件,根据多个系统策略中的一个策略自主调节客户端资源;以及
被配置为将识别的触发事件通知给全局自主管理设备的通知模块。
11.根据权利要求10所述的设备,进一步包括被配置为作为系统资源分配客户端资源的分配模块,客户端资源包括客户端处理器容量、客户端存储容量和客户端内存容量中的一个。
12.根据权利要求10所述的设备,进一步包括被配置为回收作为系统资源分配的客户端资源的回收模块。
13.根据权利要求10所述的设备,进一步包括被配置为响应触发事件启动应用程序的启动模块。
14.根据权利要求10所述的设备,进一步包括被配置为响应触发事件终止应用程序的终止模块。
15.根据权利要求10所述的设备,进一步包括被配置为存储客户端资源配置文件的配置文件模块,客户端资源配置文件识别客户端资源,客户端资源由客户端分配给网格计算系统。
16.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其中,多个客户端策略包括客户端预测策略、客户端启动策略、客户端调节策略和客户端终止策略中的至少一个。
17.一种用于对网格计算系统上的系统资源进行自主管理的系统,该系统包括:
连接到网格计算系统的本地自主管理设备,该本地自主管理设备被配置为监视触发事件;
连接到网格计算系统的全局自主管理设备,该全局自主管理设备被配置为从本地自主管理设备接收触发事件通知;
被配置为访问多个系统策略中的一个策略的策略模块,多个系统策略中的每一个策略都对应于网格计算系统的系统资源的操作控制参数;以及
调节模块,被配置为响应识别的触发事件,根据多个系统策略中的一个策略自主调节系统资源。
18.根据权利要求17所述的系统,进一步包括被配置为确定与本地按需管理设备关联的用户费的预订管理器,用户费至少部分地基于系统资源的自主调节。
19.根据权利要求17所述的系统,进一步包括被配置为管理分配的性能资源和控制本地按需管理设备可用的服务级别的预订管理器,所述服务级别至少部分地基于系统资源的自主调节。
20.一种用于对网格计算系统上的系统资源进行自主管理的方法,该方法包括:
监视网格计算系统中是否有触发事件;
访问多个系统策略中的一个策略,多个系统策略中的每一个策略都对应于网格计算系统的系统资源的操作控制参数;以及
响应识别的触发事件,根据多个系统策略中的一个策略调节系统资源。
21.根据权利要求20所述的方法,进一步包括给网格系统操作预留系统资源。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法,进一步包括终止给网格系统操作预留系统资源。
23.一种用于对网格计算网格系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的方法,该方法包括:
监视网格计算系统中是否有触发事件,触发事件包括启动触发事件、调节触发事件和预测触发事件中的一个;
访问多个系统策略中的一个策略,多个系统策略中的每一个策略都对应于网格计算系统的系统资源的操作控制参数,所述操作控制参数包括调节系统资源的命令;
响应识别的触发事件,根据多个系统策略中的一个策略调节系统资源,系统资源包括分配给网格计算系统的客户端处理器容量、客户端存储容量和客户端内存容量中的一个;
存储系统资源配置文件,所述系统资源配置文件识别客户端的系统资源,所述系统资源由客户端分配给网格计算系统。
24.一种用于对网格计算系统上的网格系统资源进行自主管理的设备,该设备包括:
用于监视网格计算系统中是否有触发事件的装置;
用于访问多个系统策略中的一个策略的装置,多个系统策略中的每一个策略都对应于网格计算系统的系统资源的操作控制参数;以及
用于响应识别的触发事件,根据多个系统策略中的一个策略调节系统资源的装置。
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