CA2696658C - Telephone communication system and method over local area network wiring - Google Patents
Telephone communication system and method over local area network wiring Download PDFInfo
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- CA2696658C CA2696658C CA2696658A CA2696658A CA2696658C CA 2696658 C CA2696658 C CA 2696658C CA 2696658 A CA2696658 A CA 2696658A CA 2696658 A CA2696658 A CA 2696658A CA 2696658 C CA2696658 C CA 2696658C
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/20—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path using different combinations of lines, e.g. phantom working
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
- H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
- H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
- H04M11/062—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors using different frequency bands for speech and other data
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
- H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
- H04M11/066—Telephone sets adapted for data transmision
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/542—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
- H04L2012/6421—Medium of transmission, e.g. fibre, cable, radio, satellite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
- H04L2012/6424—Access arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
- H04L2012/6432—Topology
- H04L2012/644—Star
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S439/00—Electrical connectors
- Y10S439/95—Electrical connector adapted to transmit electricity to mating connector without physical contact, e.g. by induction, magnetism, or electrostatic field
Abstract
A method and apparatus for enabling a local area network wiring structure to simultaneously carry digital data and analog telephone signals on the same transmission medium. It is particularly applicable to a network in star topology, in which remote data units (e.g. personal computers) are each connected to a hub through a cable comprising at least two pairs of conductors, providing a data communication path in each direction. Modules at each end of the cable provide a phantom path for telephony (voice band) signals between a telephone near the data set and a PBX, through both conductor pairs in a phantom circuit arrangement. All such communication paths function simultaneously and without mutual interference. The modules comprise simple and inexpensive passive circuit components.
Description
Telephone communication system and method over local area network wiring FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of common networks for data communication and telephony, and, more specifically, to the networking of telephone sets within a building over digitally oriented local area network wiring, simultaneously with the data transmission.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Small office and business environments commonly employ a multiplicity of work cells, each equipped with a telephone set and a computer.
Two separate networlcs are usually employed for communication among the cells and between them and the outside world - a telephone network, connecting between the telephone sets and outside telephone lines, and a so-called local area network (LAN), connecting the computers among themselves and to outside networlc lines.
The term computer or personal computer will be understood to include a workstation or other data terminal equipment (DTE) or at least one digital device capable of inputting and outputting data, whereby each computer includes an interface for connection to a local area network (LAN), used for digital data transmissioii; any such device will also be referred to as a remote digital device. The term telephone set will be understood to include any device which can connect to a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Networlc), using telephony band signals, such as fax machine, automatic answering machine or dial-up modeni; any such device will also be referred to as a remote- or local telephone device.
The present invention relates to the field of common networks for data communication and telephony, and, more specifically, to the networking of telephone sets within a building over digitally oriented local area network wiring, simultaneously with the data transmission.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Small office and business environments commonly employ a multiplicity of work cells, each equipped with a telephone set and a computer.
Two separate networlcs are usually employed for communication among the cells and between them and the outside world - a telephone network, connecting between the telephone sets and outside telephone lines, and a so-called local area network (LAN), connecting the computers among themselves and to outside networlc lines.
The term computer or personal computer will be understood to include a workstation or other data terminal equipment (DTE) or at least one digital device capable of inputting and outputting data, whereby each computer includes an interface for connection to a local area network (LAN), used for digital data transmissioii; any such device will also be referred to as a remote digital device. The term telephone set will be understood to include any device which can connect to a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Networlc), using telephony band signals, such as fax machine, automatic answering machine or dial-up modeni; any such device will also be referred to as a remote- or local telephone device.
Such an environment is depicted in Figs. la and lb, which show a typical small office/business configuration, requiring two separate and independent networlcs. Fig. la shows a telephony network 10 comprising a PABX (Private Automatic Branch Exchange) 11, connected via lines 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d to telephone devices 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d respectively. The telephone are of the POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) type, requiring each of the connecting lines 12 to consist of a single pair of wires.
Fig. lb shows a local area networlc (LAN) 15 for allowing communication between computers. Such a network comprises a hub (or switching hub) 16, connected via lines 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d to computers 18a, 18b, 18c and 18d respectively. Popular types of LANs are based on the IEEE802.3 Ethernet standard, using lOBaseT or 100BaseTX interfaces and employing, for each connecting line 17, two twisted pairs of wires - one pair for transmitting and one pair for receiving.
Installation and maintenance of two separate networks is complicated and expensive. It would therefore be advantageous, especially in new installations, to have a combined wiring network system that serves both telephony and data communication requirements.
One approach is to provide a LAN only, which serves for normal inter-computer communication, and make it seive also for telephony. One general method for this approach, in common usage today, utilizes so-called Voice-Over-Internet-Protocol (VoIP) techniques. By such techniques, known in the art, telephone signals are digitized and carried as data in any existing LAN.
Systems employing such techniques are, however, complex and expensive, and the quality of the voice carried by currently available technology is low.
Another, opposite approach is to utilize an existing telephone infrastructure for simultaneously serving as both telephone and data networking. In this way, the task of establishing a new local area network in a I
WO 02/25920 PCT/II..01/00388 home or other building is simplified, because there are no additional wires to install.
U.S. Patent 4,766,402 to Crane teaches a way to form a LAN over two-wire telephone lines, but without the telephone service.
The concept of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is well-known in the art, and provides a means of splitting the inherent bandwidth of a wire into a low-frequency band, capable of carrying an analog telephony signal, and a high-frequency band, capable of carrying data or other signals. Such a technique, sometimes referred to as `data over voice', is described, for example, in U.S. Patents 5,896,443, 4,807,225, 5,960,066, 4,672,605, 5,930,340, 5,025,443 and 4,924,492. It is also widely used in xDSL systems, primarily Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL) systems.
A typical system employing FDM is illustrated in Fig. 2, which shows schematically a combined telephony/data network 20, providing in this case connections to two work cells by means of corresponding two cables 12a and 12b, each comprising a single twisted pair of wires. The lower part of the spectrum of cable 12a is isolated by Low Pass Filters (LPF) 22a and 22b, each connected to a respective end of the cable. Similarly, the higher part of the spectrum is isolated by respective High Pass Filters (HPF) 21a and 21b. The telephony network uses the lower spectrum part by connecting the telephone 13a and the PABX 11 to the respective LPFs. In order to use the higher part of the spectrum for data communication, telephone-line modems 23a and 23b are respectively connected to the HPFs 21a and 21b at both cable ends. Hub 16 connects to modem 23a, while, on the user side, modem 23b connects to computer 18a, thus offering connectivity between the computer and the hub.
The spectrum of the other cable 12b is similarly split and cable 12b connects telephone set 13b to PABX 11 via LPFs 22c and 22d, while computer 18b connects to hub 16 via modem 23d, coupled to HPF 21d, and modem 23c, coupled to HPF 21c. Additional telephones 13 and computers 18 can be added I
Fig. lb shows a local area networlc (LAN) 15 for allowing communication between computers. Such a network comprises a hub (or switching hub) 16, connected via lines 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d to computers 18a, 18b, 18c and 18d respectively. Popular types of LANs are based on the IEEE802.3 Ethernet standard, using lOBaseT or 100BaseTX interfaces and employing, for each connecting line 17, two twisted pairs of wires - one pair for transmitting and one pair for receiving.
Installation and maintenance of two separate networks is complicated and expensive. It would therefore be advantageous, especially in new installations, to have a combined wiring network system that serves both telephony and data communication requirements.
One approach is to provide a LAN only, which serves for normal inter-computer communication, and make it seive also for telephony. One general method for this approach, in common usage today, utilizes so-called Voice-Over-Internet-Protocol (VoIP) techniques. By such techniques, known in the art, telephone signals are digitized and carried as data in any existing LAN.
Systems employing such techniques are, however, complex and expensive, and the quality of the voice carried by currently available technology is low.
Another, opposite approach is to utilize an existing telephone infrastructure for simultaneously serving as both telephone and data networking. In this way, the task of establishing a new local area network in a I
WO 02/25920 PCT/II..01/00388 home or other building is simplified, because there are no additional wires to install.
U.S. Patent 4,766,402 to Crane teaches a way to form a LAN over two-wire telephone lines, but without the telephone service.
The concept of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is well-known in the art, and provides a means of splitting the inherent bandwidth of a wire into a low-frequency band, capable of carrying an analog telephony signal, and a high-frequency band, capable of carrying data or other signals. Such a technique, sometimes referred to as `data over voice', is described, for example, in U.S. Patents 5,896,443, 4,807,225, 5,960,066, 4,672,605, 5,930,340, 5,025,443 and 4,924,492. It is also widely used in xDSL systems, primarily Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL) systems.
A typical system employing FDM is illustrated in Fig. 2, which shows schematically a combined telephony/data network 20, providing in this case connections to two work cells by means of corresponding two cables 12a and 12b, each comprising a single twisted pair of wires. The lower part of the spectrum of cable 12a is isolated by Low Pass Filters (LPF) 22a and 22b, each connected to a respective end of the cable. Similarly, the higher part of the spectrum is isolated by respective High Pass Filters (HPF) 21a and 21b. The telephony network uses the lower spectrum part by connecting the telephone 13a and the PABX 11 to the respective LPFs. In order to use the higher part of the spectrum for data communication, telephone-line modems 23a and 23b are respectively connected to the HPFs 21a and 21b at both cable ends. Hub 16 connects to modem 23a, while, on the user side, modem 23b connects to computer 18a, thus offering connectivity between the computer and the hub.
The spectrum of the other cable 12b is similarly split and cable 12b connects telephone set 13b to PABX 11 via LPFs 22c and 22d, while computer 18b connects to hub 16 via modem 23d, coupled to HPF 21d, and modem 23c, coupled to HPF 21c. Additional telephones 13 and computers 18 can be added I
in tb.e same manner. This prior-at concept is disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,785,448 to Reichert ed at. (hetebafter referred to as "Reichm') and U.S. Patent 5,841,841 to Dodds et al. (bereinafter xefanred to as "Dodds"). Both Reichert and Dodds suggest a method nad apparatus for applying requency doramainldivisioa multiplexiag (FDM) technique for residential teiepb.one wixing, enabl:img simultaA.cously canymg teleptaone and data cmmumeatioa siguals, as described above.
U.S. Patent 5,610,922 to Balatoni discloses a method and apparatus for t+ranset-ring aaalog voice telephone, signals and digital data service signals a 0 simultmotisly from a telephone company location to a customer premises over a single tvvisted pair telephone line. The apparatus includes an easily instaJled voice plus digital data service remote tenubW and voice plus digM data service central office teYminal. The apparatns can provide a 3 to-1 pair gain by multiplexing sigtasls represenzmg the analog voice telephone signals and 4-wire digital data service signals.
Network 20, employing an FDM method, typically requires two modems (such as 23a and 23b in Pig. 2) for each conneCted cell. Suekt modems are complex and expensive. In addition, the low coxnmunicatioa quality of a typical telephone line, which was designed to carry low fxequency (telephony) signals only, limits both the data rate and the distance of the data cotntt-unication.
The concept of oztaing a phantom chatmel to serve as an additional path ia a two wire-pairs commuuication system is known in the art of telephony, and diselosed in several patents, classified under U.S. Class 370/200. Commonly, snch a phsatom channel path is used to eany power to feed remote e:quipmeat or intecmediate repeaters. In some prior-art systet'ns, exemplifted by U.S
Pateuts 4,173,714, 3,975,594, 3,806,814, 6,026,078 end 4,937,811, tb.e pbantosn channel is used to carry ad.di.tionat sigaals, suah as metering and other auxiliary signals. Thus, all such systems use the phmtAm channel only as Em v f a n g: AMENDED SHEET
-4a-zneans for helping the communication service over the main ehameis. None of the mentioned prior-art uses the phaztom cha,Qnez for carrying au additxoua]
communication type of service, or for fwxetiomally combining two distinct networks.
It would thus be desirable to allow a dara networking system to simultaneously also provide telephone service without any additional wiring.
SUNIMARX OF TSE INYZcN~,'ION
it is an object of the invention to allow a data networking sys= to sirnultmeously also provide telephone service without aiy additional wizung.
This object is zealized in accordance wi.th a broad aspect of the invention by a Gizcuit for use with a bundle containing at least two paixs of conductors, the circuiR comprisiug:
first connections for coupling to an end of said bundle;
second cozniections for coupling to at least one digital device; and third connections for coupling to at least one telephone devxce;
characterized in that:
two of said cfucuits, coupled by respective ones of said 15rst counecf.ions to opposite eiids of arespective pair of conductors in said bundle. cooperate to fortn at least one phautom chamel allowing for telephone commuaication between, respective telephone devices connected at opposite ends thereof via respective ones of the th,ixd conneotfons simul,taneous with digital connnnmiica-tion between resiaectlve digital devices each coupled at opposite ends of the bundle ta'the second coymecia.ons of a respecti.ve one ofsai.d circuits.
Conventional data net^worlcs use a four-conductor aixeuit azrangement providing two communication channels betwom two units. For example,! in a local area network based on Efli=emet IOF3aseT or IOUSaseTX, two paiics of conduetors are Employed between a hub and DTE such as a compuxer. By rxiea,ns of the inventioxt, POTS connection, such as betweexL e.xchazzg ~ and , =
EmpfanBsAMENDED SHEET
telcphone apparatus, is accomplished simultaneously over the same four cojfductors used for the two commusucatioaa cbmels witiLOut interftence. The POTS service commuaicatioa is accomplished via a phantom= circuit a~xangement over the four conductors.
Such configuxation cau be employed within small office or small busmess, whcrein single wiuang infradnu=tvre is used for distnbutin.g both data aad telephone signgs rom a cenbral location, including a hub and an exchange to a remote statton, eazb such station comprising a telephone unit aod a data unit (e.g. desktop computer).
The present invention provides a circuit arrangem.eut wherein a cable that includes two twisted-conductor pairs provides both a two-way data coanzta.unication cbannel for a cormected computer and, sisuultaaeauslq, a path for POTS signal to and from a connected telephone set, using the phaatom chanael method. Jn the prefemd embodimeart, the data cooazxumicasion channel consists of aa Ethetnet IEEE802.3 LAN chvoaael and lOBaseT, or 100BaseTX
interfaces.
According to a speoi.f c embodi,uent of the invention, each two-conductor patz is terminated at each of its eaads with a ceptcr tapped prma,axY
traasfozmer wind'ug (hr,reinaftcr cabte-side wiuding), wk-ereby each conductor of the pair is connected to a respective end of the cable side winding. Each vvinding is inductively coupl,ed to a secondary winding (hereinafter refened to as equipment side winding), whose ends are connected to another pair of coaductoxs that form the continuation channel for the data carrying signal, wherei~~, the equipmant side winding is conmcteid to the data conzmmzcataon equipment. The cenctez taps of each of the two primary winding at any emd of the cable are connectable to the respective comductors of a telephone circuit, to catiy tbs PO'fS sigmals. Thus, the two pairs of conductars at opposite ends of the cable, thxough the cxnter taps of the respecdve prtmary transfat=mer Es p f a n e s AMENDED SHEET
`^--windings, form first and second comaectxcros of the two conductor phantom channeL which is used for carrying tlxe telephone signal.
The iuvesttion can be implemented by means of two modules each containmiug a respective circuit - one at each end of the two--conductor-pairs cable. Each eioccuit comprises two transformers, with a center-tap in the pdmary (cable side) winding. The module xetains the two-pair data commuaicati.on capability, while simultaneously including a phantom channel vi. . the eenter-tapconnections, for teleph.one service. The phantom chamet can be accessed via a comnector in the.module. The module can be a stand-alome unit, or integrated wrthin any unit in the network, such as a digitaJ, n.etwork hub, a telephone excbange, a server computer or telephone set. ,A,iternatively, the module can be ixstegrated within a wall outiet connected to one or both ends of the cable.
in sm,otb,er embodiment, the modules form a lcxt, which is. used to upgade an existing local area aetwork to support tetephone networking also.
The invention can be used in a sarall office or small business en,vironzn.ent, whi,cb has a central locatfon that comprises a telephone exchsnge and a digital network eoncentration unit (such as a hub, a switch or a router), comected to multiple remote work stadoos via LAN wiring.
$EM,,T DESCRII''ITaN O =DRAWINraS
in order to understaud the invention and to see how it may be carried out in= practice, a preferred embodiment wili now be described, by way of nozk-lixu,iting example only, with refereace to the accompaoying drawius.gs, in whicb:
Figs. 1+a and lb show respectively a commom prior art telephone and Local Area Network conf.gluataioa as used within a small office or a small busxriess;
Fig. 2 shows a prior art telephone and local am networks using the telephone-wiring infixastructnre;
= ~
EWanss AMENDED SHEET
_7_ Fig. 3 shows a combinad telephome and data. oommunimtaon network :
according to the pzeseat invention;
Fig. 4 shows schematically a data comt.ntmications network havimg mulZiple phantom- chann.els according to the present invention all sharing a comtnon retum;
Fig. S$ shows schematically a computer modit.ed a.ccording to the invention for direct coupling to a telephouE set;
Fig. 5b shows sel3ematica.lly a telephone set modlfked according to the invention for dixeet coupling to a c4cttputer, Fig. 6 shows modified wall outlet tltat adds a phantom chanra,el telephone service to an exastmg data cotaawmcaUon system according to the =
prwent invenfiion; and Figs. 7a to 7d show different views of an al.tachable wall plug connector that adds a phantarm cbaxnael telephone service to eu exlstiau.g data communi-cation Mtein accoxdian.g to the presoat iumo.tUion.
DLTAYLED AESC1tIPT1ON OF THE INVENTION
In the oHowing description it is to be noted that the drawings sud descripaons are conceptW only. In acttzal practice, a sin.gle component can implement one or more functions; alternatively, each function can be implemented by a plurality of components and circuits. In the drawings and descriptions, identical reference numerals are use to in.dicate those components that are common to different ecnbodiqmeots or configvrations.
Fie, 3 illvsbrates a pr.ef'arred embodiment of the present invention. The network 30 is a paxt of an LEEE802.3 local area nAtwork, using LOBaseT
interfaces. A hub 16, defining a central location. is connected to a iypxcal computer 1Sa via a cable that includes two wire pairs 1741 aad 174. Each pair is operPtav'e tv carry data in one direction only, one pair, say 17a1, can3+ing .
data from the hub 16 to the computer 18a, whiZe t}.Le other pair, 17a2, cmies Empfann AMENDED SHEET
-$-data in tbc otlaer direction. rig. 3 also shows a telepb.one set 13a, associated with computer Xga and preferably near it. and a telephone private automatic branch exchange (PABX) 11, which is preferably also at the central location.
The terna hub is used herein to represent any digital network concentrating unit sad may equally refer to a switching hub, a xoma. a server computer or to any digital device havimg multiple data ports; any of these being also referred to herein as a central digital device. SibOaxly, PAi3X is used herein to represent any type of central telepbone switching unit and wiII also be referred to as a central telephone device.
According to the mvention, a signal trfuxsformer is inserted at each end of each wire pair, whereby, for example, transfornaer 31a1 is inserted at the end owire pair 17a;i that is near hub 16 and transfotmer 3l.bX is iunserted at the end of wire pair 17al tb.at is near computer. iSa. Similarly, trmfonmrs 31a2 and M2 are in.serted at the ends of wire pair 17a2 that are near hub 16 and computer.l8a, respectively. The sigmW transformers bearing the prefix 31 are designed so ftt the signal attenuation vi.a. these transformers is negligitbl.e.
Hence, the performance of the data communication networlc is fully retained, and the hub 16 continues to communicate fully with the computer 1$a in the usual manner. Such tramforiners are kaown in the art and are often used in 2o LANs, in order to meet isolation and common-mode rejection xequaz~ooemts. .
Commonly, such signal urausformers are equipped with a primary winding and a secorLdary winding both being untapped coils. laa the invention, each signal transformer bearing the prefix 31, say 31a2 has a primary winding 35, whose eAds are connected to the respective wires of the cabae, and a secondary winding 36, whose ends are connected to the respective system. component (hub.1.6 or computer 18a).
However, ux-like the converxd.ona.l confxgjuation for signax transformers, according to the present invention each primary wiun.dimg 35 has a center-tap sltown as 37al and 374, for the two signal t7ransformers 31a1 and 31.a2, ~ =
EmofanesAMENDED SHEET
respectively. Tlie ends of the primary windings 35 constitute first connec.tions of a circuit comprising the two the two signai traasfoxmears 31ai and 31a2 and serve for coupling to respective pairs of con.ductrns in the bundle. The ends of the secondary windings 36 constitute second coanections for coupling to at 4east one digital device such as 16 or 18; and the center=taps 37a1 and 37a2 serve as tliird connections for coupling to at least one telephone device such as 11 or 13. Thus, PA}3X 11 is coonected, via two respeclive wixes 38a, to the ccntar taps 37al and 37a2 of txaosforrnners 31a1 and 31a2. Similarly, the telephone set 13a is connected, via two =xespective wires 38b, to tla.e center-taps 37b1 and 37b2 of transformers 31b1 aad 31b2, respectively. In this configuratirnn, the telephony signals are carried in $`phantom' way together with the data cammunicaxion signals, without any iuatcrfarence between the two. Tin practice, the hub side transfornaers 31a1 and 31a2 may be imtegrated to form a module 32a, while the computer side transfozmers 31b1 and 31b2 may be iitegrated to form a u1odul.e 32b. Wbdle the network 30 has so far been EaPfanBsAMENDED SHEET
-- ^~
WO 02/25920 PCT/II.01/00388 described as supporting a single computer and a single telephone, additional worlc cells, each comprising a telephone and a computer can be supported, whereby each computer is connected with hub 16 through a corresponding two wire pairs cable, by inserting an additional set of modules 32a and 32b in each such cable.
While the invention has been described specifically for 10BaseT
(lOMb/s) interfaces, the invention can be equally applied to 100BaseTX
(100Mb/s) interfaces. Furthermore, the invention can be equally applied in any wired networking system using at least two wire pairs. Transformers can be used in all wired communication systems whose signals do not include direct current (DC) components. In systems that use four or more pairs of wires, such as those based on the evolving 1000BaseTX Ethernet standard, each two pairs can be used to form a single phantom channel. Thus, four pairs can form two phantom channels, each carrying one POTS circuit, by terminating each pair with a transformer as described above. Alternatively and preferably, as shown in Fig. 4, three pairs 17a1, 17a2 and 17a3 can each form a phantom channel with the fourth pair 17a4, which serves as the common return path. In this case, each telephone circuit 13a, 13b and 13c has one of its two wires connected to the center-tap 37b1, 37b2 and 37b3 of the respective transformer 31b1, 31b2 and 31b3 at the corresponding end of the respective pair and the other wire -to the center-tap 37b4 of the transformer 31b4 at the corresponding end of the common pair. More generally, with N pairs of conductors, each pair serving as a data channel, it is possible to similarly provide N-1 phantom channels for telephone service.
In the configuration shown in Fig. 3 the modules 32a and 32b are stand-alone modules, mechanically separate from other components in the network.
However, also other configurations are possible. For example, the hub side module 32a can be integrated, fully or in part, within the hub 16. In such a case, the hub's existing data connection-unit (such as a distribution frame -for I
connecting thereto all line pairs) is preferably substituted by one that includes module 32a; in addition, a telephone connector is provided, for connecting all telephone lines (whose other ends are connected to their respective center taps in module 32a) to the PABX. Alternatively, module 32a can be siniilarly integrated within PABX 11, whereby an appropriate connection with the hub is provided.
Fig. 5a shows schematically an arrangement where the computer side module 32b is integrated, fully or in part, within the computer 18a. Thus, the secondary windings 36 of the transformers 31a1 and 31a2 are connected to receiver and transmitter circuitry 39a and 39b within the computer 18a. The ends of the primary windings 35 of the transformers 31a1 and 31a2 are connected to a standard socket outlet 40 for connecting to the network. The center-taps 37a1 and 37a2 are connected to a standard telephone outlet 41, enabling connection thereto of a telephone set such as designated 13a in Fig.
3.
Fig. 5b shows schematically the complementary arrangement where the module 32b is integrated the telephone set 13a. Thus, the secondary windings 36 of the transformers 31a1 and 31a2 are connected to a standard outlet 42 for connecting thereto a computer such as designated 18a in Fig. 3. The ends of the primary windings 35 of the transformers 31a1 and 31a2 are connected to a standard socket outlet 43 for connecting to the network. The center-taps 37a1 and 37a2 are connected to telephone circuitry 44, within the telephone set 13a.
Alternatively, the computer side module 32b can be integrated within a wall connector allowing direct or indirect connection to an existing wall socket outlet. Thus, such a wall connector can be constituted by a substitute wall socket having integrated therein a pair of signal transformers and two female outlets for connecting a computer and telephone thereto, respectively.
Alternatively, the wall connector can be constituted by a plug connector having integrated therein a pair of signal transformers and two female outlets for connecting a computer and telephone thereto, respectively. Such a plug I
WO 02/25920 PCT/II.01/00388 connector allows a computer and telephone to be connected to an existing wall socket outlet without requiring any modification thereto.
Fig. 6 shows the faceplate of a modified socket outlet 45 according to the invention. Two conductor pairs are connected to the outlet at the rear (not shown in the Figure), connected to the primary windings of two signals transformers housed in it (not shown in the Figure). The secondary windings of the transformers are connected to RJ-45 data connector 46, while the center taps are connected to the RJ-11 telephony connector 47. Such an outlet is physically similar in size, shape, and overall appearance to a standard outlet, so that such an outlet can be substituted for a standard outlet in the building wall.
No changes are required in the overall LAN line layout or configuration. Such an outlet can easily substitute an existing standard data outlet to thus additionally provide telephony support. Thus a conventional outlet has a single female connector having two pairs of wiper contacts connected to the respective twisted-wire pairs for data transmission and reception. A computer is plugged into such a conventional outlet via a single male connector (plug) having four pins: two for handling data transmission and two for handling data reception. On inserting the plug into the socket outlets, the pins brush against the wiper contacts in the socket outlet, thus establishing electrical connection between the two.
The invention allows for the conventional outlet to be replaced by a modified outlet having therein a pair of signal transformers, the ends of whose respective primary windings are adapted to be connected to the ends of a respective conductor pair in the network. The secondary winding of each signal transformer is connected internally to a respective pair of wiper contacts of a first female connector. Thus, the ends of both secondary windings are connected to first female connector by means of four wiper contacts in total.
The respective center-taps of each of the two primary windings are connected to a pair of wiper contacts in a second female connector proximate the first I
female connector. Thus, a computer can be connected, via four pins of a suitable jack plug, to the first female connector, while a telephone can be connected, via two pins of a suitable jack plug to the second female connector.
The two wire pairs 17a1 and 17a2 are routed and connected to such an outlet, which will now comprise two faceplate connectors - a data connector (e.g. RJ-45 for lOBaseT) and a telephone connector (e.g. RJ-11).
Such an implementation requires that the soclcet outlets in an existing data network be replaced by a modified outlet according to the invention.
Figs.
7a to 7d show various views of a plug assembly 50 according to the invention for operation in lOBaseT or 100BaseTX environment that allows the invention to be implemented without requiring any modification to the data network or to the existing socket outlet. In use, the plug assembly 50 is plugged into a standard soclcet outlet and is retained therein by means of a latch 51. The plug assembly 50 contains the module 32b connected to separate data- and telephony socket outlets 52 and 53 in a similar manner to the modified socket outlet 45 described above with reference to Fig. 6. A standard RJ45 jack plug 54 is connected to the module 32b for mating with the wall outlet when plugged into its socket. The jack plug 54 thus includes two pairs of pins each connected to the primary winding of a respective signal transformer within the module 32b. The secondary windings of the two signal transformers are connected to respective wiper contacts in the data-telephony soclcet outlet 52.
The respective center-taps of each of the primary windings are connected to a pair of wiper contacts in the telephony socket outlet 53 proximate the data-telephony socket outlet 52. Cables from the computer and the telephone set terminate in standard jack plugs that are plugged into the respective data-and telephony socket outlets 52 and 53 within the plug assembly 50. Thus, the plug assembly 50 obviates the need for any changes to be made to the existing infrastructure.
WO 02/25920 PCT/II.01/00388 As mentioned above, lOBaseT and 100BaseTX interfaces, as well as other data communication interfaces, often include signal transformers in the line connection circuitry, in order to meet isolation and common-mode rejection requirements. In such cases, additional transformers, though possible, are not required and the method of the present invention can be implemented by adding center-tap connections to the respective windings of the existing transformers and using them to form a phantom channel, to serve for telephone connection in the manner described above. Alternatively, the existing transformers can be substituted by ones with center-taps as specified above.
It is noted that, while a phantom channel has been known in the art, its use in the system and method disclosed herein is novel, because:
(a) Local area networks (LANs) in general, and Ethernet networks in particular, currently do not employ phantom channels, nor is any configuration employing such channels specified in the IEEE802.3 standards; the concept is known in the realm of telephony only, which is very different from that of data communication LANs.
(b) Using a phantom channel itself to carry POTS service is not known in the art; rather, phantom channels are used only to carry power to remote units and/or management- or control signals to support the main service that is provided by the two conductor pairs.
While the invention is described above relating to hub units, it is clear that any other multi-port data communication device can be used, such as switch, router or gateway.
The present invention also embraces a method for upgrading an existing local area network (LAN) installation that includes a two-conductor pair cable between two digital devices, to also and simultaneously convey signals between two telephone devices, the method comprising:
(a) inserting a first pair of signal transformers having center-tapped primary windings at a first end of the cable, with respective ends of I
the primary windings connected to respective conductors of the cable; and (b) inserting a second pair of signal transformers having center-tapped primary windings at a second end of the cable, with respective ends of the primaiy windings connected to respective conductors of the cable;
thereby allowing respective secondary windings of each signal transformer to be connected to the digital devices and allowing the respective center-taps of the signal transformers to be connected to telephone equipment.
If the LAN already includes signal transformers that do not have center-taps, they are, in step (a) above, replaced by the specified transformers or, alternatively, a center-tap is added to each primary winding.
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, it will be appreciated that many variations, modifications and other applications of the invention may be made.
U.S. Patent 5,610,922 to Balatoni discloses a method and apparatus for t+ranset-ring aaalog voice telephone, signals and digital data service signals a 0 simultmotisly from a telephone company location to a customer premises over a single tvvisted pair telephone line. The apparatus includes an easily instaJled voice plus digital data service remote tenubW and voice plus digM data service central office teYminal. The apparatns can provide a 3 to-1 pair gain by multiplexing sigtasls represenzmg the analog voice telephone signals and 4-wire digital data service signals.
Network 20, employing an FDM method, typically requires two modems (such as 23a and 23b in Pig. 2) for each conneCted cell. Suekt modems are complex and expensive. In addition, the low coxnmunicatioa quality of a typical telephone line, which was designed to carry low fxequency (telephony) signals only, limits both the data rate and the distance of the data cotntt-unication.
The concept of oztaing a phantom chatmel to serve as an additional path ia a two wire-pairs commuuication system is known in the art of telephony, and diselosed in several patents, classified under U.S. Class 370/200. Commonly, snch a phsatom channel path is used to eany power to feed remote e:quipmeat or intecmediate repeaters. In some prior-art systet'ns, exemplifted by U.S
Pateuts 4,173,714, 3,975,594, 3,806,814, 6,026,078 end 4,937,811, tb.e pbantosn channel is used to carry ad.di.tionat sigaals, suah as metering and other auxiliary signals. Thus, all such systems use the phmtAm channel only as Em v f a n g: AMENDED SHEET
-4a-zneans for helping the communication service over the main ehameis. None of the mentioned prior-art uses the phaztom cha,Qnez for carrying au additxoua]
communication type of service, or for fwxetiomally combining two distinct networks.
It would thus be desirable to allow a dara networking system to simultaneously also provide telephone service without any additional wiring.
SUNIMARX OF TSE INYZcN~,'ION
it is an object of the invention to allow a data networking sys= to sirnultmeously also provide telephone service without aiy additional wizung.
This object is zealized in accordance wi.th a broad aspect of the invention by a Gizcuit for use with a bundle containing at least two paixs of conductors, the circuiR comprisiug:
first connections for coupling to an end of said bundle;
second cozniections for coupling to at least one digital device; and third connections for coupling to at least one telephone devxce;
characterized in that:
two of said cfucuits, coupled by respective ones of said 15rst counecf.ions to opposite eiids of arespective pair of conductors in said bundle. cooperate to fortn at least one phautom chamel allowing for telephone commuaication between, respective telephone devices connected at opposite ends thereof via respective ones of the th,ixd conneotfons simul,taneous with digital connnnmiica-tion between resiaectlve digital devices each coupled at opposite ends of the bundle ta'the second coymecia.ons of a respecti.ve one ofsai.d circuits.
Conventional data net^worlcs use a four-conductor aixeuit azrangement providing two communication channels betwom two units. For example,! in a local area network based on Efli=emet IOF3aseT or IOUSaseTX, two paiics of conduetors are Employed between a hub and DTE such as a compuxer. By rxiea,ns of the inventioxt, POTS connection, such as betweexL e.xchazzg ~ and , =
EmpfanBsAMENDED SHEET
telcphone apparatus, is accomplished simultaneously over the same four cojfductors used for the two commusucatioaa cbmels witiLOut interftence. The POTS service commuaicatioa is accomplished via a phantom= circuit a~xangement over the four conductors.
Such configuxation cau be employed within small office or small busmess, whcrein single wiuang infradnu=tvre is used for distnbutin.g both data aad telephone signgs rom a cenbral location, including a hub and an exchange to a remote statton, eazb such station comprising a telephone unit aod a data unit (e.g. desktop computer).
The present invention provides a circuit arrangem.eut wherein a cable that includes two twisted-conductor pairs provides both a two-way data coanzta.unication cbannel for a cormected computer and, sisuultaaeauslq, a path for POTS signal to and from a connected telephone set, using the phaatom chanael method. Jn the prefemd embodimeart, the data cooazxumicasion channel consists of aa Ethetnet IEEE802.3 LAN chvoaael and lOBaseT, or 100BaseTX
interfaces.
According to a speoi.f c embodi,uent of the invention, each two-conductor patz is terminated at each of its eaads with a ceptcr tapped prma,axY
traasfozmer wind'ug (hr,reinaftcr cabte-side wiuding), wk-ereby each conductor of the pair is connected to a respective end of the cable side winding. Each vvinding is inductively coupl,ed to a secondary winding (hereinafter refened to as equipment side winding), whose ends are connected to another pair of coaductoxs that form the continuation channel for the data carrying signal, wherei~~, the equipmant side winding is conmcteid to the data conzmmzcataon equipment. The cenctez taps of each of the two primary winding at any emd of the cable are connectable to the respective comductors of a telephone circuit, to catiy tbs PO'fS sigmals. Thus, the two pairs of conductars at opposite ends of the cable, thxough the cxnter taps of the respecdve prtmary transfat=mer Es p f a n e s AMENDED SHEET
`^--windings, form first and second comaectxcros of the two conductor phantom channeL which is used for carrying tlxe telephone signal.
The iuvesttion can be implemented by means of two modules each containmiug a respective circuit - one at each end of the two--conductor-pairs cable. Each eioccuit comprises two transformers, with a center-tap in the pdmary (cable side) winding. The module xetains the two-pair data commuaicati.on capability, while simultaneously including a phantom channel vi. . the eenter-tapconnections, for teleph.one service. The phantom chamet can be accessed via a comnector in the.module. The module can be a stand-alome unit, or integrated wrthin any unit in the network, such as a digitaJ, n.etwork hub, a telephone excbange, a server computer or telephone set. ,A,iternatively, the module can be ixstegrated within a wall outiet connected to one or both ends of the cable.
in sm,otb,er embodiment, the modules form a lcxt, which is. used to upgade an existing local area aetwork to support tetephone networking also.
The invention can be used in a sarall office or small business en,vironzn.ent, whi,cb has a central locatfon that comprises a telephone exchsnge and a digital network eoncentration unit (such as a hub, a switch or a router), comected to multiple remote work stadoos via LAN wiring.
$EM,,T DESCRII''ITaN O =DRAWINraS
in order to understaud the invention and to see how it may be carried out in= practice, a preferred embodiment wili now be described, by way of nozk-lixu,iting example only, with refereace to the accompaoying drawius.gs, in whicb:
Figs. 1+a and lb show respectively a commom prior art telephone and Local Area Network conf.gluataioa as used within a small office or a small busxriess;
Fig. 2 shows a prior art telephone and local am networks using the telephone-wiring infixastructnre;
= ~
EWanss AMENDED SHEET
_7_ Fig. 3 shows a combinad telephome and data. oommunimtaon network :
according to the pzeseat invention;
Fig. 4 shows schematically a data comt.ntmications network havimg mulZiple phantom- chann.els according to the present invention all sharing a comtnon retum;
Fig. S$ shows schematically a computer modit.ed a.ccording to the invention for direct coupling to a telephouE set;
Fig. 5b shows sel3ematica.lly a telephone set modlfked according to the invention for dixeet coupling to a c4cttputer, Fig. 6 shows modified wall outlet tltat adds a phantom chanra,el telephone service to an exastmg data cotaawmcaUon system according to the =
prwent invenfiion; and Figs. 7a to 7d show different views of an al.tachable wall plug connector that adds a phantarm cbaxnael telephone service to eu exlstiau.g data communi-cation Mtein accoxdian.g to the presoat iumo.tUion.
DLTAYLED AESC1tIPT1ON OF THE INVENTION
In the oHowing description it is to be noted that the drawings sud descripaons are conceptW only. In acttzal practice, a sin.gle component can implement one or more functions; alternatively, each function can be implemented by a plurality of components and circuits. In the drawings and descriptions, identical reference numerals are use to in.dicate those components that are common to different ecnbodiqmeots or configvrations.
Fie, 3 illvsbrates a pr.ef'arred embodiment of the present invention. The network 30 is a paxt of an LEEE802.3 local area nAtwork, using LOBaseT
interfaces. A hub 16, defining a central location. is connected to a iypxcal computer 1Sa via a cable that includes two wire pairs 1741 aad 174. Each pair is operPtav'e tv carry data in one direction only, one pair, say 17a1, can3+ing .
data from the hub 16 to the computer 18a, whiZe t}.Le other pair, 17a2, cmies Empfann AMENDED SHEET
-$-data in tbc otlaer direction. rig. 3 also shows a telepb.one set 13a, associated with computer Xga and preferably near it. and a telephone private automatic branch exchange (PABX) 11, which is preferably also at the central location.
The terna hub is used herein to represent any digital network concentrating unit sad may equally refer to a switching hub, a xoma. a server computer or to any digital device havimg multiple data ports; any of these being also referred to herein as a central digital device. SibOaxly, PAi3X is used herein to represent any type of central telepbone switching unit and wiII also be referred to as a central telephone device.
According to the mvention, a signal trfuxsformer is inserted at each end of each wire pair, whereby, for example, transfornaer 31a1 is inserted at the end owire pair 17a;i that is near hub 16 and transfotmer 3l.bX is iunserted at the end of wire pair 17al tb.at is near computer. iSa. Similarly, trmfonmrs 31a2 and M2 are in.serted at the ends of wire pair 17a2 that are near hub 16 and computer.l8a, respectively. The sigmW transformers bearing the prefix 31 are designed so ftt the signal attenuation vi.a. these transformers is negligitbl.e.
Hence, the performance of the data communication networlc is fully retained, and the hub 16 continues to communicate fully with the computer 1$a in the usual manner. Such tramforiners are kaown in the art and are often used in 2o LANs, in order to meet isolation and common-mode rejection xequaz~ooemts. .
Commonly, such signal urausformers are equipped with a primary winding and a secorLdary winding both being untapped coils. laa the invention, each signal transformer bearing the prefix 31, say 31a2 has a primary winding 35, whose eAds are connected to the respective wires of the cabae, and a secondary winding 36, whose ends are connected to the respective system. component (hub.1.6 or computer 18a).
However, ux-like the converxd.ona.l confxgjuation for signax transformers, according to the present invention each primary wiun.dimg 35 has a center-tap sltown as 37al and 374, for the two signal t7ransformers 31a1 and 31.a2, ~ =
EmofanesAMENDED SHEET
respectively. Tlie ends of the primary windings 35 constitute first connec.tions of a circuit comprising the two the two signai traasfoxmears 31ai and 31a2 and serve for coupling to respective pairs of con.ductrns in the bundle. The ends of the secondary windings 36 constitute second coanections for coupling to at 4east one digital device such as 16 or 18; and the center=taps 37a1 and 37a2 serve as tliird connections for coupling to at least one telephone device such as 11 or 13. Thus, PA}3X 11 is coonected, via two respeclive wixes 38a, to the ccntar taps 37al and 37a2 of txaosforrnners 31a1 and 31a2. Similarly, the telephone set 13a is connected, via two =xespective wires 38b, to tla.e center-taps 37b1 and 37b2 of transformers 31b1 aad 31b2, respectively. In this configuratirnn, the telephony signals are carried in $`phantom' way together with the data cammunicaxion signals, without any iuatcrfarence between the two. Tin practice, the hub side transfornaers 31a1 and 31a2 may be imtegrated to form a module 32a, while the computer side transfozmers 31b1 and 31b2 may be iitegrated to form a u1odul.e 32b. Wbdle the network 30 has so far been EaPfanBsAMENDED SHEET
-- ^~
WO 02/25920 PCT/II.01/00388 described as supporting a single computer and a single telephone, additional worlc cells, each comprising a telephone and a computer can be supported, whereby each computer is connected with hub 16 through a corresponding two wire pairs cable, by inserting an additional set of modules 32a and 32b in each such cable.
While the invention has been described specifically for 10BaseT
(lOMb/s) interfaces, the invention can be equally applied to 100BaseTX
(100Mb/s) interfaces. Furthermore, the invention can be equally applied in any wired networking system using at least two wire pairs. Transformers can be used in all wired communication systems whose signals do not include direct current (DC) components. In systems that use four or more pairs of wires, such as those based on the evolving 1000BaseTX Ethernet standard, each two pairs can be used to form a single phantom channel. Thus, four pairs can form two phantom channels, each carrying one POTS circuit, by terminating each pair with a transformer as described above. Alternatively and preferably, as shown in Fig. 4, three pairs 17a1, 17a2 and 17a3 can each form a phantom channel with the fourth pair 17a4, which serves as the common return path. In this case, each telephone circuit 13a, 13b and 13c has one of its two wires connected to the center-tap 37b1, 37b2 and 37b3 of the respective transformer 31b1, 31b2 and 31b3 at the corresponding end of the respective pair and the other wire -to the center-tap 37b4 of the transformer 31b4 at the corresponding end of the common pair. More generally, with N pairs of conductors, each pair serving as a data channel, it is possible to similarly provide N-1 phantom channels for telephone service.
In the configuration shown in Fig. 3 the modules 32a and 32b are stand-alone modules, mechanically separate from other components in the network.
However, also other configurations are possible. For example, the hub side module 32a can be integrated, fully or in part, within the hub 16. In such a case, the hub's existing data connection-unit (such as a distribution frame -for I
connecting thereto all line pairs) is preferably substituted by one that includes module 32a; in addition, a telephone connector is provided, for connecting all telephone lines (whose other ends are connected to their respective center taps in module 32a) to the PABX. Alternatively, module 32a can be siniilarly integrated within PABX 11, whereby an appropriate connection with the hub is provided.
Fig. 5a shows schematically an arrangement where the computer side module 32b is integrated, fully or in part, within the computer 18a. Thus, the secondary windings 36 of the transformers 31a1 and 31a2 are connected to receiver and transmitter circuitry 39a and 39b within the computer 18a. The ends of the primary windings 35 of the transformers 31a1 and 31a2 are connected to a standard socket outlet 40 for connecting to the network. The center-taps 37a1 and 37a2 are connected to a standard telephone outlet 41, enabling connection thereto of a telephone set such as designated 13a in Fig.
3.
Fig. 5b shows schematically the complementary arrangement where the module 32b is integrated the telephone set 13a. Thus, the secondary windings 36 of the transformers 31a1 and 31a2 are connected to a standard outlet 42 for connecting thereto a computer such as designated 18a in Fig. 3. The ends of the primary windings 35 of the transformers 31a1 and 31a2 are connected to a standard socket outlet 43 for connecting to the network. The center-taps 37a1 and 37a2 are connected to telephone circuitry 44, within the telephone set 13a.
Alternatively, the computer side module 32b can be integrated within a wall connector allowing direct or indirect connection to an existing wall socket outlet. Thus, such a wall connector can be constituted by a substitute wall socket having integrated therein a pair of signal transformers and two female outlets for connecting a computer and telephone thereto, respectively.
Alternatively, the wall connector can be constituted by a plug connector having integrated therein a pair of signal transformers and two female outlets for connecting a computer and telephone thereto, respectively. Such a plug I
WO 02/25920 PCT/II.01/00388 connector allows a computer and telephone to be connected to an existing wall socket outlet without requiring any modification thereto.
Fig. 6 shows the faceplate of a modified socket outlet 45 according to the invention. Two conductor pairs are connected to the outlet at the rear (not shown in the Figure), connected to the primary windings of two signals transformers housed in it (not shown in the Figure). The secondary windings of the transformers are connected to RJ-45 data connector 46, while the center taps are connected to the RJ-11 telephony connector 47. Such an outlet is physically similar in size, shape, and overall appearance to a standard outlet, so that such an outlet can be substituted for a standard outlet in the building wall.
No changes are required in the overall LAN line layout or configuration. Such an outlet can easily substitute an existing standard data outlet to thus additionally provide telephony support. Thus a conventional outlet has a single female connector having two pairs of wiper contacts connected to the respective twisted-wire pairs for data transmission and reception. A computer is plugged into such a conventional outlet via a single male connector (plug) having four pins: two for handling data transmission and two for handling data reception. On inserting the plug into the socket outlets, the pins brush against the wiper contacts in the socket outlet, thus establishing electrical connection between the two.
The invention allows for the conventional outlet to be replaced by a modified outlet having therein a pair of signal transformers, the ends of whose respective primary windings are adapted to be connected to the ends of a respective conductor pair in the network. The secondary winding of each signal transformer is connected internally to a respective pair of wiper contacts of a first female connector. Thus, the ends of both secondary windings are connected to first female connector by means of four wiper contacts in total.
The respective center-taps of each of the two primary windings are connected to a pair of wiper contacts in a second female connector proximate the first I
female connector. Thus, a computer can be connected, via four pins of a suitable jack plug, to the first female connector, while a telephone can be connected, via two pins of a suitable jack plug to the second female connector.
The two wire pairs 17a1 and 17a2 are routed and connected to such an outlet, which will now comprise two faceplate connectors - a data connector (e.g. RJ-45 for lOBaseT) and a telephone connector (e.g. RJ-11).
Such an implementation requires that the soclcet outlets in an existing data network be replaced by a modified outlet according to the invention.
Figs.
7a to 7d show various views of a plug assembly 50 according to the invention for operation in lOBaseT or 100BaseTX environment that allows the invention to be implemented without requiring any modification to the data network or to the existing socket outlet. In use, the plug assembly 50 is plugged into a standard soclcet outlet and is retained therein by means of a latch 51. The plug assembly 50 contains the module 32b connected to separate data- and telephony socket outlets 52 and 53 in a similar manner to the modified socket outlet 45 described above with reference to Fig. 6. A standard RJ45 jack plug 54 is connected to the module 32b for mating with the wall outlet when plugged into its socket. The jack plug 54 thus includes two pairs of pins each connected to the primary winding of a respective signal transformer within the module 32b. The secondary windings of the two signal transformers are connected to respective wiper contacts in the data-telephony soclcet outlet 52.
The respective center-taps of each of the primary windings are connected to a pair of wiper contacts in the telephony socket outlet 53 proximate the data-telephony socket outlet 52. Cables from the computer and the telephone set terminate in standard jack plugs that are plugged into the respective data-and telephony socket outlets 52 and 53 within the plug assembly 50. Thus, the plug assembly 50 obviates the need for any changes to be made to the existing infrastructure.
WO 02/25920 PCT/II.01/00388 As mentioned above, lOBaseT and 100BaseTX interfaces, as well as other data communication interfaces, often include signal transformers in the line connection circuitry, in order to meet isolation and common-mode rejection requirements. In such cases, additional transformers, though possible, are not required and the method of the present invention can be implemented by adding center-tap connections to the respective windings of the existing transformers and using them to form a phantom channel, to serve for telephone connection in the manner described above. Alternatively, the existing transformers can be substituted by ones with center-taps as specified above.
It is noted that, while a phantom channel has been known in the art, its use in the system and method disclosed herein is novel, because:
(a) Local area networks (LANs) in general, and Ethernet networks in particular, currently do not employ phantom channels, nor is any configuration employing such channels specified in the IEEE802.3 standards; the concept is known in the realm of telephony only, which is very different from that of data communication LANs.
(b) Using a phantom channel itself to carry POTS service is not known in the art; rather, phantom channels are used only to carry power to remote units and/or management- or control signals to support the main service that is provided by the two conductor pairs.
While the invention is described above relating to hub units, it is clear that any other multi-port data communication device can be used, such as switch, router or gateway.
The present invention also embraces a method for upgrading an existing local area network (LAN) installation that includes a two-conductor pair cable between two digital devices, to also and simultaneously convey signals between two telephone devices, the method comprising:
(a) inserting a first pair of signal transformers having center-tapped primary windings at a first end of the cable, with respective ends of I
the primary windings connected to respective conductors of the cable; and (b) inserting a second pair of signal transformers having center-tapped primary windings at a second end of the cable, with respective ends of the primaiy windings connected to respective conductors of the cable;
thereby allowing respective secondary windings of each signal transformer to be connected to the digital devices and allowing the respective center-taps of the signal transformers to be connected to telephone equipment.
If the LAN already includes signal transformers that do not have center-taps, they are, in step (a) above, replaced by the specified transformers or, alternatively, a center-tap is added to each primary winding.
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, it will be appreciated that many variations, modifications and other applications of the invention may be made.
Claims (40)
1. A device for a local area network (LAN), the LAN including a LAN cable having at least four wire pairs to carry a plurality of data signals, and the device comprising:
a first transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the first transformer being operative to pass a first data signal;
a second transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the second transformer being operative to pass a second data signal;
a third transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the third transformer being operative to pass a third data signal;
a fourth transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the fourth transformer being operative to pass a fourth data signal, and the primary winding of each one of the transformers being communicatively coupled to a respective one of the four wire pairs, the secondary winding of each one of the transformers being arranged within the device for transferring a respective one of the data signals to or from the associated primary winding, and a first center-tap connection of the primary winding of any one of the transformers to be paired with a second center-tap connection of the primary winding of any other one of the transformers for providing a first phantom channel using the two respectively associated pairs of the four wire pairs;
circuitry configured to source a phantom signal over the phantom channel, the circuitry coupled to the first center-tap connection and the second center-tap connection;
and a single enclosure housing the circuitry and also housing the first, second, third and fourth transformers.
a first transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the first transformer being operative to pass a first data signal;
a second transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the second transformer being operative to pass a second data signal;
a third transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the third transformer being operative to pass a third data signal;
a fourth transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the fourth transformer being operative to pass a fourth data signal, and the primary winding of each one of the transformers being communicatively coupled to a respective one of the four wire pairs, the secondary winding of each one of the transformers being arranged within the device for transferring a respective one of the data signals to or from the associated primary winding, and a first center-tap connection of the primary winding of any one of the transformers to be paired with a second center-tap connection of the primary winding of any other one of the transformers for providing a first phantom channel using the two respectively associated pairs of the four wire pairs;
circuitry configured to source a phantom signal over the phantom channel, the circuitry coupled to the first center-tap connection and the second center-tap connection;
and a single enclosure housing the circuitry and also housing the first, second, third and fourth transformers.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the LAN and data communications within the LAN are based on the IEEE802.3 Ethernet standard.
3. The device as claimed in claim 2 further comprising at least 1000 Mb/s interfaces for communicative coupling to the at least four wire.
4. The device as claimed in claim 2 wherein the device is a multi-port data communication device.
5. The device as claimed in claim 4 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a switch.
6. The device as claimed in claim 4 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a router.
7. The device as claimed in claim 4 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a gateway.
8. The device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising at least 1000 Mb/s interfaces for communicative coupling to the at least four wire.
9. The device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the device is a multi-port data communication device.
10. The device as claimed in claim 9 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a switch.
11. The device as claimed in claim 9 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a router.
12. The device as claimed in claim 9 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a gateway.
13. The device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the device is configured to provide two simultaneous phantom channels using all of the four wire pairs.
14. The device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least four wire pairs is N wire pairs, and the device is configured to provide N-1 simultaneous phantom channels.
15. The device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the circuitry comprises telephone circuitry.
16. The device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising at least one female connector coupled to the secondary windings of at least two of the first, second, third and fourth transformers.
17. The device as claimed in claim 16 wherein the female connector is an RJ-45 data connector.
18. The device as claimed in claims 1 wherein the LAN further comprises a data unit couplable to the device, and the secondary windings of the first, second, third and fourth transformers provide four equipment side windings for the data unit.
19. The device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the phantom signal comprises power.
20. The device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the phantom signal comprises DC
power.
power.
21. A device for a local area network (LAN), the LAN including a LAN cable having at least four wire pairs to carry a plurality of data signals, and the device comprising:
a first transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the first transformer being operative to pass a first data signal;
a second transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the second transformer being operative to pass a second data signal;
a third transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the third transformer being operative to pass a third data signal;
a fourth transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the fourth transformer being operative to pass a fourth data signal, and the primary winding of each one of the transformers being communicatively couplable to a respective one of the four wire pairs, the secondary winding of each one of the transformers being arranged within the device for transferring a respective one of the data signals to or from the associated primary winding, and wherein a first center-tap connection of the primary winding of any one of the transformers and a second center-tap connection of the primary winding of any other one of the transformers form a pair of center-tap connections for receiving a phantom signal from a first phantom channel defined over the two pairs of the four wire pairs that correspond by coupling relation to the pair of center-tap connections;
and a single enclosure housing the first, second, third and fourth transformers, and the device being configured to provide the phantom signal to a power consuming device.
a first transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the first transformer being operative to pass a first data signal;
a second transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the second transformer being operative to pass a second data signal;
a third transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the third transformer being operative to pass a third data signal;
a fourth transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the fourth transformer being operative to pass a fourth data signal, and the primary winding of each one of the transformers being communicatively couplable to a respective one of the four wire pairs, the secondary winding of each one of the transformers being arranged within the device for transferring a respective one of the data signals to or from the associated primary winding, and wherein a first center-tap connection of the primary winding of any one of the transformers and a second center-tap connection of the primary winding of any other one of the transformers form a pair of center-tap connections for receiving a phantom signal from a first phantom channel defined over the two pairs of the four wire pairs that correspond by coupling relation to the pair of center-tap connections;
and a single enclosure housing the first, second, third and fourth transformers, and the device being configured to provide the phantom signal to a power consuming device.
22. The device as claimed in claim 21 wherein the LAN and data communications within the LAN are based on the IEEE802.3 Ethernet standard.
23. The device as claimed in claim 22 further comprising at least 1000 Mb/s interfaces for communicative coupling to the at least four wire.
24. The device as claimed in claim 22 wherein the device is a multi-port data communication device.
25. The device as claimed in claim 24 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a switch.
26. The device as claimed in claim 24 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a router.
27. The device as claimed in claim 24 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a gateway.
28. The device as claimed in claim 21 further comprising at least 1000 Mb/s interfaces for communicative coupling to the at least four wire.
29. The device as claimed in claim 21 wherein the device is a multi-port data communication device.
30. The device as claimed in claim 29 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a switch.
31. The device as claimed in claim 29 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a router.
32. The device as claimed in claim 29 wherein the multi-port data communication device is a gateway.
33. The device as claimed in claim 21 wherein the device is configured to support two simultaneous phantom channels using all of the four wire pairs.
34. The device as claimed in claim 21 wherein the at least four wire pairs is N wire pairs, and the device is configured to support N-1 simultaneous phantom channels.
35. The device as claimed in claim 21 wherein the power consuming device is external to the single enclosure.
36. The device as claimed in claim 21 further comprising at least one female connector coupled to the secondary windings of at least two of the first, second, third and fourth transformers.
37. The device as claimed in claim 36 wherein the female connector is an RJ-45 data connector.
38. The device as claimed in claims 21 wherein the LAN further comprises a data unit couplable to the device, and the secondary windings of the first, second, third and fourth transformers provide four equipment side windings for the data unit.
39. The device as claimed in Claim 21 wherein the phantom signal comprises power.
40. The device as claimed in Claim 21 wherein the phantom signal comprises DC
power.
power.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/666,856 US6961303B1 (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2000-09-21 | Telephone communication system and method over local area network wiring |
US09/666,856 | 2000-09-21 | ||
CA2423326A CA2423326C (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2001-05-01 | Telephone communication system and method over local area network wiring |
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CA2423326A Division CA2423326C (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2001-05-01 | Telephone communication system and method over local area network wiring |
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CA2696658C true CA2696658C (en) | 2015-01-06 |
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CA2696658A Expired - Fee Related CA2696658C (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2001-05-01 | Telephone communication system and method over local area network wiring |
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2001
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- 2001-05-01 WO PCT/IL2001/000388 patent/WO2002025920A1/en active Application Filing
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2007
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2009
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2011
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