CA2573102C - Infusion apparatus - Google Patents
Infusion apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2573102C CA2573102C CA2573102A CA2573102A CA2573102C CA 2573102 C CA2573102 C CA 2573102C CA 2573102 A CA2573102 A CA 2573102A CA 2573102 A CA2573102 A CA 2573102A CA 2573102 C CA2573102 C CA 2573102C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pump unit
- peristaltic
- housing
- unit according
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/1413—Modular systems comprising interconnecting elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
- A61M5/14212—Pumping with an aspiration and an expulsion action
- A61M5/14228—Pumping with an aspiration and an expulsion action with linear peristaltic action, i.e. comprising at least three pressurising members or a helical member
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
- H05K5/02—Details
- H05K5/0217—Mechanical details of casings
- H05K5/0234—Feet; Stands; Pedestals, e.g. wheels for moving casing on floor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/18—General characteristics of the apparatus with alarm
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/60—General characteristics of the apparatus with identification means
- A61M2205/6045—General characteristics of the apparatus with identification means having complementary physical shapes for indexing or registration purposes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/60—General characteristics of the apparatus with identification means
- A61M2205/6063—Optical identification systems
- A61M2205/6081—Colour codes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/84—General characteristics of the apparatus for treating several patients simultaneously
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2209/00—Ancillary equipment
- A61M2209/08—Supports for equipment
- A61M2209/082—Mounting brackets, arm supports for equipment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/1414—Hanging-up devices
- A61M5/1415—Stands, brackets or the like for supporting infusion accessories
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
- E05D7/10—Hinges or pivots of special construction to allow easy separation or connection of the parts at the hinge axis
- E05D7/1061—Hinges or pivots of special construction to allow easy separation or connection of the parts at the hinge axis in a radial direction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof characterised by the type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
Abstract
In a peristaltic medical infusion pump unit, comprising a peristaltic assembly and a counter surface or anvil facing said peristaltic assembly and provided by the inner surface of a door (30) pivotally mounted on a housing (12) of the unit, the door (30) is readily non-destructively removable and replaceable. In use of the peristaltic pump unit, a flexible resilient tube (36) forming part of a medical fluid delivery line is extended between the peristaltic assembly and the counter surface or anvil provided by the door. The medical fluid delivery line has first and second colour coded fittings (38, 40) spaced therealong upstream and downstream of the peristaltic assembly (26) and the region of the housing of the pump unit across which the infusion line is extended is provided, correspondingly spaced above and below the peristaltic assembly (26) with. correspondingly colour coded support means (22, 24) for these fittings.
Description
Infusion Apparatus THIS INVENTION relates to infusion apparatus for parenteral infusion of medical fluids to patients.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
More particularly, the invention relates to infusion pump units for such infusion apparatus which units comprise a peristaltic pumping mechanism comprising a peristaltic pump in which a flexible resilient tube, forming part of a fluid delivery line for delivering a medical fluid to a patient is located between, on the one hand, a peristaltic assembly, for example, an array of displaceable fingers, and, on the other hand, a counter surface or anvil, said tube, in use of the apparatus, being repeatedly pressed against the anvil or counter surface, by said peristaltic assembly, at different positions along the flexible resilient tube in a predetermined sequence, to provide a peristaltic pumping action in a manner well known per se. In one known type of such apparatus, for practical reasons, a mechanism for driving a plurality of displaceable fingers to achieve the desired pumping action, and, typically, monitoring or sensing devices of one kind or another, are incorporated in a housing of the pump unit and said anvil or counter surface is provided by a door or cover hingedly connected with said housing, the arrangement being such that in an open position of the door, said anvil or counter surface is spaced from the pressure elements so that the way is clear for the introduction of a medical fluid line, incorporating such a flexible resilient tube, across said housing so that said flexible resilient tube forming part of said line is extended across the peristaltic assembly and so that the door can thereafter be swung into a closed position in which said flexible resilient tube is located between the peristaltic assembly and the anvil or counter surface, with the parts of the medical infusion line above and below said flexible resilient tubing extending freely from the pump unit, from between said housing and said door, at opposite ends of said door, the door being releasably securable in said closed position to retain said flexible resilient tube in place.
An infusion apparatus of the above kind and a pump unit of the above kind are herein referred to as being of the kind specified".
In an infusion apparatus of the kind specified, it is generally desirable that the door should be capable of being occasionally non-destructively detached from and re-fitted to the housing, for example to allow thorough cleaning of the housing and/or the door. The present invention provides an arrangement allowing for the detachment and replacement of such a door from and to such a housing in a straightforward manner.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided an infusion apparatus of the kind specified wherein said door is readily non-destructively removable, e.g. for cleaning purposes, and replaceable and wherein the housing carries at least one journal and the door carries a complementary bearing arrangement, said bearing arrangement including a first part having an open-ended transverse slot terminating in a bearing surface for said journal and a second part moveable with respect to said first part and which in a first position discloses said transverse slot to allow said journal to pass transversely through said slot into co-operation with said bearing surface, said second part being moveable into a second position in which it obstructs such transverse slot and provides a further bearing surface co-operating with said journal. Preferably said first part and said second part each have an open-ended transverse slot terminating in the respective bearing, surface the second part being rotatable between a position in which the transverse slots are in alignment to allow transverse passage of said journal into co-operation with said bearing surfaces and a second position in which said second part obstructs movement of the journal out of said first part.
Accordingly, there is provided a peristaltic pump unit for medical infusion, the pump unit comprising: a peristaltic assembly; a counter surface facing said peristaltic assembly; a support for supporting, between said peristaltic assembly and said counter surface, a flexible resilient tube forming part of a medical fluid delivery line; and a driving mechanism operable to drive said peristaltic assembly to pinch such flexible tube against said counter surface at different positions along the flexible resilient tube, and wherein said peristaltic assembly and said mechanism are incorporated in a housing; wherein said counter surface is provided by a cover hingedly connected with said housing so that in an open position of said cover, said counter surface is spaced from the peristaltic assembly to allow the introduction of said flexible resilient tube across the peristaltic assembly, or to allow the removal of said flexible resilient tube from the unit, and so that in a closed position of said cover, said flexible resilient tube extended across the peristaltic assembly is positioned between the peristaltic assembly and said counter surface, wherein said cover is readily non-destructively removable and replaceable, wherein one of the housing and said cover carries at least one journal and the other of said cover and the housing carries a complementary bearing arrangement, said bearing arrangement including a first part having an open-ended transverse slot terminating in a bearing surface for said journal and a second part moveable with respect to said first part and which in a first position discloses said transverse slot to allow said journal to pass transversely through said slot into co-operation with said bearing surface, said second part being moveable into a second position in which the second part obstructs such transverse slot and provides a further bearing surface co-operating with said journal In infusion apparatus of the kind specified, a further problem encountered is that hard-pressed nursing staff sometime attempt to arrange the infusion line in the pumping unit in the opposite direction from that intended, i.e. in such a way that operation of the peristaltic pump would tend to pump fluid from the patient towards the medical fluid source rather than in the intended direction. Various measures have been proposed in the past to minimise the likelihood of nursing staff making this mistake but these measures have not been entirely successful. The present invention also provides improved means of safeguarding against such a mistake.
According to this aspect of the invention, there is provided infusion apparatus of the kind specified in which the infusion line has first and second colour coded fittings spaced therealong upstream and downstream of said flexible resilient flexible tube and wherein the region of said housing of the pumping unit across which the infusion line is to be extended is provided, correspondingly spaced above and below the peristaltic assembly, with correspondingly colour coded support means for said fittings.
A further problem may be encountered in relation to the operation of infusion apparatus of the kind specified, as follows. There are occasions, in. medical treatment, for example in intensive care facilities, where it may be necessary to infuse a patient simultaneously with several different medical fluids, at respective different rates and so on.
Furthermore, in, for example, intensive care facilities, there may be several patients in one room or ward in a similar condition. Typically, each such patient may have a respective infusion apparatus of the kind specified for each medical fluid being administered.
State-of-the-art infusion apparatus of the kind specified generally incorporates sensors for sensing when something goes wrong with the infusion process and for activating an alarm when this occurs. Typically, the alarm will include an audible alarm and, for example, an alarm light on the housing of the pump unit concerned, which will flash to identify the pump unit associated with the alarm condition. Usually the pump unit will also trigger a nurse call, (i.e. send a signal along an appropriate communication channel to alert a nurse) when such an alarm conditions occurs.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a docking station for supporting a plurality of infusion pumps of infusion apparatus of the kind specified, said infusion pumps having respective output signal connectors, and wherein said docking station includes electronic processing means for receiving signals from said output signal connectors and further includes visual alarm signal means and information display means such that where a plurality Of such infusion pumps are mounted on such docking station and connected with said processing means, and one of said infusion pumps produces an alarm signal, a corresponding output signal is provided to said processing means, causing the latter to activate said alarm means and to present, on said display means, an indication as to which of the pump units mounted on the docking station is generating the alarm.
According to a yet further aspect of the invention there is provided a pump unit of the kind specified in which at least one sensor, and a bracket arrangement for supporting a respective part of an infusion line, are incorporated in a module designed for ready fitting to the remainder of the apparatus. With this arrangement, it is possible for a manufacturer of infusion apparatus of various sizes and types, for example, to design these various apparatus in such a way as to receive the standard module, thereby facilitating manufacture and repair of the apparatus.
An embodiment of the invention is described below by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-Figure 1 is a perspective view showing an infusion pump unit embodying the invention, with a removable door removed;
Figure 2 is a corresponding perspective view showing the unit of Figure 1 with the removable door in place and in an open position and further showing part of an infusion line in place;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a pump unit of Figure 2, ,complete with door, but with the door in a closed position in which the infusion line is held in the unit;
Figure 4 is a fragmentary perspective view to an enlarged scale as compared with Figures 1 to 3 showing part of a hinge arrangement which allows ready removal of the door of the pump unit of Figures 1 to 3 when required;
Figure 4a is a view in section of a detail of the hinge arrangement;
Figures 5, 6 and 7 are respective fragmentary perspective views of part of the door, illustrating the hinge arrangement; , Figures 8 and 9 are perspective views of feet of the pump unit; .
Figure 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of part of the interior of the pump unit showing a Smart Media card mounted on a circuit board of the pump unit;
Figure 11 is a perspective view of a docking station supporting several pump units;
Figure 1 la is a schematic diagram of circuitry of a processing unit of the docking station;
Figure 12 is an elevation view of the rear of the pump unit showing an RS232 connector provided thereon;
Figure 13 is an underneath plan view of the pump unit; and Figure 14 is a fragmentary view in vertical section along the line .-XIV -XIV of Figure 13.
=
Referring to the drawings, and firstly to Figures 1 to 3, an infusion system for parenteral infusion of a medical fluid to a patient comprises a pump unit 10, a major part of which comprises a housing 12 which accommodates, in manner known per se, a cam mechanism controlling a plurality of fmgers of a peristaltic pumping mechanism, an electric motor and associated gearing, driving said cam mechanism, and further accommodates electronic control and processing circuitry for controlling such motor and processing signals from pressure sensors etc. provided on the unit. The pump unit, as shown, may also comprise an electronically operated display 14, an alarm light 16, an input keyboard 18 or other manually operated controls, all in manner known per se.
On its rear side (see Figure 12) the housing 12 is provided with a channel 17 to receive a mounting rail or column, for example a mounting rail or column 124 (Figure 11) of a docking station 126 whereby the pump unit may be readily fitted to or detached from such docking station. As illustrated in Figure 12, the pump unit is also provided at its rear with a swing-down bracket 156 having a clamping screw 158 whereby the unit may be clamped to such vertical rail or column. The unit is also provided on its rear side with a horizontal channel to fit over a horizontal supporting rail (e.g. of a docking station) and has a rotatable securing member 152 to secure such a horizontal rail in the channel 150. The rear of the unit 10 may likewise be provided with various connectors including connectors for receiving complementary power supply connectors, electronic communications interfacing connectors for providing data and alarm output signals and for receiving input signals, etc.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, on the front of the housing there is provided a face or deck 20 on which is exposed an upper mounting or bracket 22 for a complementary fitting 38 forming part of an infusion line; a lower mounting or. bracket 24 for a complementary fitting 40 forming part of such ,infusion line and a peristaltic assembly 26 which is, effectively, the operative .
end of the peristaltic pumping mechanism and may, in principle, be the free ends of respective fingers moveable, by the cam mechanism referred to, inwards and outwards from the face or deck 20. In order to make it easier to maintain sterile conditions, these fingers may be covered by a thin flexible membrane, (not shown), sealed at its edges with respect to the deck 20. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a door 30 is normally fitted to the housing 12 and can be swung between an open position illustrated in Figure 2 and a closed position illustrated in Figure 3, about a pivotal axis A. A medical fluid infusion line, for use with the pump unit, comprises upper and lower sections 32 and 34 respectively of transparent plastics tubing, an intermediate section 36 of resiliently compressible tubing, for example of silicone rubber, and upper and lower fittings 38 and 40 via which the tubing section 36 is connected respectively with the upper line 32 and with the lower line 34. In use, the upper line 32 extends upwardly to a source of the medical fluid to be administered whilst the lower line 34 extends from the infusion pump to an infusion needle or the like inserted into the patient. In use, the infusion line is extended across the face or deck 20 of the pump unit so that the fittings 30 and 40 are received in the brackets 22 and 24 respectively and so that the tubing section 36 extends over the peristaltic assembly 26 as illustrated in Figure 2. The infusion line is fitted in place in this fashion whilst the door 30 is in the open position shown in Figure 2. After the infusion line has been so fitted, the door 30 is moved to the closed position shown in Figure 3 and is secured by a catch 37 which comprises a lever mounted on the outer edge of the door 30 (i.e. the edge which lies at the side of the pump unit when the door is in its closed position), for pivoting about an axis 37a generally perpendicular to that outer edge of the door and parallel with the front face of the door. The catch 37 has a handle portion 37b which extends downwardly and partly across the front of the door and has a cam portion 37c adapted to fit within a complementary recess 39 at the front of the pump housing at the adjacent side of the pump, the cam portion 37c having a cam surface 37d, (see Figure 7), configured to engage under a boss 41 (which projects laterally from the pump housing into recess 39) when, with the pump door 30 closed, the handle portion 37b is swung downwardly and rearwardly from a position in which it projects forwards and outwards from the door to, a position (shown in Figure 3) in which the handle portion 37h lies against the front of the door.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
More particularly, the invention relates to infusion pump units for such infusion apparatus which units comprise a peristaltic pumping mechanism comprising a peristaltic pump in which a flexible resilient tube, forming part of a fluid delivery line for delivering a medical fluid to a patient is located between, on the one hand, a peristaltic assembly, for example, an array of displaceable fingers, and, on the other hand, a counter surface or anvil, said tube, in use of the apparatus, being repeatedly pressed against the anvil or counter surface, by said peristaltic assembly, at different positions along the flexible resilient tube in a predetermined sequence, to provide a peristaltic pumping action in a manner well known per se. In one known type of such apparatus, for practical reasons, a mechanism for driving a plurality of displaceable fingers to achieve the desired pumping action, and, typically, monitoring or sensing devices of one kind or another, are incorporated in a housing of the pump unit and said anvil or counter surface is provided by a door or cover hingedly connected with said housing, the arrangement being such that in an open position of the door, said anvil or counter surface is spaced from the pressure elements so that the way is clear for the introduction of a medical fluid line, incorporating such a flexible resilient tube, across said housing so that said flexible resilient tube forming part of said line is extended across the peristaltic assembly and so that the door can thereafter be swung into a closed position in which said flexible resilient tube is located between the peristaltic assembly and the anvil or counter surface, with the parts of the medical infusion line above and below said flexible resilient tubing extending freely from the pump unit, from between said housing and said door, at opposite ends of said door, the door being releasably securable in said closed position to retain said flexible resilient tube in place.
An infusion apparatus of the above kind and a pump unit of the above kind are herein referred to as being of the kind specified".
In an infusion apparatus of the kind specified, it is generally desirable that the door should be capable of being occasionally non-destructively detached from and re-fitted to the housing, for example to allow thorough cleaning of the housing and/or the door. The present invention provides an arrangement allowing for the detachment and replacement of such a door from and to such a housing in a straightforward manner.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided an infusion apparatus of the kind specified wherein said door is readily non-destructively removable, e.g. for cleaning purposes, and replaceable and wherein the housing carries at least one journal and the door carries a complementary bearing arrangement, said bearing arrangement including a first part having an open-ended transverse slot terminating in a bearing surface for said journal and a second part moveable with respect to said first part and which in a first position discloses said transverse slot to allow said journal to pass transversely through said slot into co-operation with said bearing surface, said second part being moveable into a second position in which it obstructs such transverse slot and provides a further bearing surface co-operating with said journal. Preferably said first part and said second part each have an open-ended transverse slot terminating in the respective bearing, surface the second part being rotatable between a position in which the transverse slots are in alignment to allow transverse passage of said journal into co-operation with said bearing surfaces and a second position in which said second part obstructs movement of the journal out of said first part.
Accordingly, there is provided a peristaltic pump unit for medical infusion, the pump unit comprising: a peristaltic assembly; a counter surface facing said peristaltic assembly; a support for supporting, between said peristaltic assembly and said counter surface, a flexible resilient tube forming part of a medical fluid delivery line; and a driving mechanism operable to drive said peristaltic assembly to pinch such flexible tube against said counter surface at different positions along the flexible resilient tube, and wherein said peristaltic assembly and said mechanism are incorporated in a housing; wherein said counter surface is provided by a cover hingedly connected with said housing so that in an open position of said cover, said counter surface is spaced from the peristaltic assembly to allow the introduction of said flexible resilient tube across the peristaltic assembly, or to allow the removal of said flexible resilient tube from the unit, and so that in a closed position of said cover, said flexible resilient tube extended across the peristaltic assembly is positioned between the peristaltic assembly and said counter surface, wherein said cover is readily non-destructively removable and replaceable, wherein one of the housing and said cover carries at least one journal and the other of said cover and the housing carries a complementary bearing arrangement, said bearing arrangement including a first part having an open-ended transverse slot terminating in a bearing surface for said journal and a second part moveable with respect to said first part and which in a first position discloses said transverse slot to allow said journal to pass transversely through said slot into co-operation with said bearing surface, said second part being moveable into a second position in which the second part obstructs such transverse slot and provides a further bearing surface co-operating with said journal In infusion apparatus of the kind specified, a further problem encountered is that hard-pressed nursing staff sometime attempt to arrange the infusion line in the pumping unit in the opposite direction from that intended, i.e. in such a way that operation of the peristaltic pump would tend to pump fluid from the patient towards the medical fluid source rather than in the intended direction. Various measures have been proposed in the past to minimise the likelihood of nursing staff making this mistake but these measures have not been entirely successful. The present invention also provides improved means of safeguarding against such a mistake.
According to this aspect of the invention, there is provided infusion apparatus of the kind specified in which the infusion line has first and second colour coded fittings spaced therealong upstream and downstream of said flexible resilient flexible tube and wherein the region of said housing of the pumping unit across which the infusion line is to be extended is provided, correspondingly spaced above and below the peristaltic assembly, with correspondingly colour coded support means for said fittings.
A further problem may be encountered in relation to the operation of infusion apparatus of the kind specified, as follows. There are occasions, in. medical treatment, for example in intensive care facilities, where it may be necessary to infuse a patient simultaneously with several different medical fluids, at respective different rates and so on.
Furthermore, in, for example, intensive care facilities, there may be several patients in one room or ward in a similar condition. Typically, each such patient may have a respective infusion apparatus of the kind specified for each medical fluid being administered.
State-of-the-art infusion apparatus of the kind specified generally incorporates sensors for sensing when something goes wrong with the infusion process and for activating an alarm when this occurs. Typically, the alarm will include an audible alarm and, for example, an alarm light on the housing of the pump unit concerned, which will flash to identify the pump unit associated with the alarm condition. Usually the pump unit will also trigger a nurse call, (i.e. send a signal along an appropriate communication channel to alert a nurse) when such an alarm conditions occurs.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a docking station for supporting a plurality of infusion pumps of infusion apparatus of the kind specified, said infusion pumps having respective output signal connectors, and wherein said docking station includes electronic processing means for receiving signals from said output signal connectors and further includes visual alarm signal means and information display means such that where a plurality Of such infusion pumps are mounted on such docking station and connected with said processing means, and one of said infusion pumps produces an alarm signal, a corresponding output signal is provided to said processing means, causing the latter to activate said alarm means and to present, on said display means, an indication as to which of the pump units mounted on the docking station is generating the alarm.
According to a yet further aspect of the invention there is provided a pump unit of the kind specified in which at least one sensor, and a bracket arrangement for supporting a respective part of an infusion line, are incorporated in a module designed for ready fitting to the remainder of the apparatus. With this arrangement, it is possible for a manufacturer of infusion apparatus of various sizes and types, for example, to design these various apparatus in such a way as to receive the standard module, thereby facilitating manufacture and repair of the apparatus.
An embodiment of the invention is described below by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-Figure 1 is a perspective view showing an infusion pump unit embodying the invention, with a removable door removed;
Figure 2 is a corresponding perspective view showing the unit of Figure 1 with the removable door in place and in an open position and further showing part of an infusion line in place;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a pump unit of Figure 2, ,complete with door, but with the door in a closed position in which the infusion line is held in the unit;
Figure 4 is a fragmentary perspective view to an enlarged scale as compared with Figures 1 to 3 showing part of a hinge arrangement which allows ready removal of the door of the pump unit of Figures 1 to 3 when required;
Figure 4a is a view in section of a detail of the hinge arrangement;
Figures 5, 6 and 7 are respective fragmentary perspective views of part of the door, illustrating the hinge arrangement; , Figures 8 and 9 are perspective views of feet of the pump unit; .
Figure 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of part of the interior of the pump unit showing a Smart Media card mounted on a circuit board of the pump unit;
Figure 11 is a perspective view of a docking station supporting several pump units;
Figure 1 la is a schematic diagram of circuitry of a processing unit of the docking station;
Figure 12 is an elevation view of the rear of the pump unit showing an RS232 connector provided thereon;
Figure 13 is an underneath plan view of the pump unit; and Figure 14 is a fragmentary view in vertical section along the line .-XIV -XIV of Figure 13.
=
Referring to the drawings, and firstly to Figures 1 to 3, an infusion system for parenteral infusion of a medical fluid to a patient comprises a pump unit 10, a major part of which comprises a housing 12 which accommodates, in manner known per se, a cam mechanism controlling a plurality of fmgers of a peristaltic pumping mechanism, an electric motor and associated gearing, driving said cam mechanism, and further accommodates electronic control and processing circuitry for controlling such motor and processing signals from pressure sensors etc. provided on the unit. The pump unit, as shown, may also comprise an electronically operated display 14, an alarm light 16, an input keyboard 18 or other manually operated controls, all in manner known per se.
On its rear side (see Figure 12) the housing 12 is provided with a channel 17 to receive a mounting rail or column, for example a mounting rail or column 124 (Figure 11) of a docking station 126 whereby the pump unit may be readily fitted to or detached from such docking station. As illustrated in Figure 12, the pump unit is also provided at its rear with a swing-down bracket 156 having a clamping screw 158 whereby the unit may be clamped to such vertical rail or column. The unit is also provided on its rear side with a horizontal channel to fit over a horizontal supporting rail (e.g. of a docking station) and has a rotatable securing member 152 to secure such a horizontal rail in the channel 150. The rear of the unit 10 may likewise be provided with various connectors including connectors for receiving complementary power supply connectors, electronic communications interfacing connectors for providing data and alarm output signals and for receiving input signals, etc.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, on the front of the housing there is provided a face or deck 20 on which is exposed an upper mounting or bracket 22 for a complementary fitting 38 forming part of an infusion line; a lower mounting or. bracket 24 for a complementary fitting 40 forming part of such ,infusion line and a peristaltic assembly 26 which is, effectively, the operative .
end of the peristaltic pumping mechanism and may, in principle, be the free ends of respective fingers moveable, by the cam mechanism referred to, inwards and outwards from the face or deck 20. In order to make it easier to maintain sterile conditions, these fingers may be covered by a thin flexible membrane, (not shown), sealed at its edges with respect to the deck 20. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a door 30 is normally fitted to the housing 12 and can be swung between an open position illustrated in Figure 2 and a closed position illustrated in Figure 3, about a pivotal axis A. A medical fluid infusion line, for use with the pump unit, comprises upper and lower sections 32 and 34 respectively of transparent plastics tubing, an intermediate section 36 of resiliently compressible tubing, for example of silicone rubber, and upper and lower fittings 38 and 40 via which the tubing section 36 is connected respectively with the upper line 32 and with the lower line 34. In use, the upper line 32 extends upwardly to a source of the medical fluid to be administered whilst the lower line 34 extends from the infusion pump to an infusion needle or the like inserted into the patient. In use, the infusion line is extended across the face or deck 20 of the pump unit so that the fittings 30 and 40 are received in the brackets 22 and 24 respectively and so that the tubing section 36 extends over the peristaltic assembly 26 as illustrated in Figure 2. The infusion line is fitted in place in this fashion whilst the door 30 is in the open position shown in Figure 2. After the infusion line has been so fitted, the door 30 is moved to the closed position shown in Figure 3 and is secured by a catch 37 which comprises a lever mounted on the outer edge of the door 30 (i.e. the edge which lies at the side of the pump unit when the door is in its closed position), for pivoting about an axis 37a generally perpendicular to that outer edge of the door and parallel with the front face of the door. The catch 37 has a handle portion 37b which extends downwardly and partly across the front of the door and has a cam portion 37c adapted to fit within a complementary recess 39 at the front of the pump housing at the adjacent side of the pump, the cam portion 37c having a cam surface 37d, (see Figure 7), configured to engage under a boss 41 (which projects laterally from the pump housing into recess 39) when, with the pump door 30 closed, the handle portion 37b is swung downwardly and rearwardly from a position in which it projects forwards and outwards from the door to, a position (shown in Figure 3) in which the handle portion 37h lies against the front of the door.
The pump housing may have a carrying handle, (not shown), pivotally mounted on top.
The terms "upper" and "lower" are used herein for convenience and should not be understood to mean that the apparatus must be used in the orientation shown in Figures 1 to 3. The unit will, of course, pump fluid perfectly well in any orientation.
In operation of the pump, in known manner, the fingers of the peristaltic assembly 26 periodically press the flexible resilient tubing against a counter, surface or anvil to propel fluid within the infusion line along the latter. In the pump shown, the peristaltic assembly comprises an upper finger 26a and a lower finger 26b which are of a relatively limited extent in the longitudinal direction of the infusion line, and an intermediate finger or pad 26c, between the upper and lower fingers and which finger 26c is extended or elongated in the longitudinal direction of the infusion line. In operation, assuming the fluid is to be propelled downwards, as viewed in Figures 1 to 3, along the infusion line, the peristaltic assembly performs a repeating cycle in which, with the intermediate pad 26c spaced from the counter surface, the upper finger presses the flexible tube against the counter surface or anvil to close the tube at the location of the upper finger 26a, the lower finger is then withdrawn from the counter surface to open the tube at the location of the lower finger 26b, then the intermediate pad or finger 26c is moved towards the counter surface to drive the fluid in the tube adjacent the intermediate pad 26c downward along the tube, then the tube is pinched closed again between the lower finger 26b and the counter surface, then the upper finger 26a is withdrawn from the counter surface and the intermediate finger 26e withdrawn from the counter surface to draw fresh fluid into the part of the tube adjacent the intermediate finger 26c.
In order for example, to allow for ready cleaning of the housing 12 or the door 30, or to allow ready replacement of the door 30 should the latter become damaged, means is provided in accordance with the present invention 5 whereby the door 30 can be readily removed when required, As illustrated in Figures 4 to 7, the door has at its upper and lower ends laterally extending arms 50 which carry at their ends respective bearing arrangements for hinge pins or journals 52, fixed in the casing adjacent the upper and lower ends of the housing. The door comprises an inner part (shown partially in Figures 5 to 7), 10 which provides the counter surface or anvil referred to, and an outer shell, (omitted in Figures 5 to 7 for clarity but visible in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 4a), secured to the outer side of the inner part. The portions of the inner part of the door which are incorporated in the arms 50 are referenced 50a in Figures 5, 6 and 7, and are referred to below as arms 50a. Figure ,4 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the upper part of the door 30, from the inside of the door, without the housing 12 but showing, in position in relation to the door, a unit 52a which is in practice fixed in the housing 12 and which provides the upper hinge pin, or journal 52. (A corresponding unit fixed in the housing 12 likewise provides the lower hinge pin or journal 52).
As best shown in Figure 5, each said arm 50a (only one is shown, the , other being a mirror image) has at one end a slot 56 extending to the end of the respective arm, the inner end of the slot being of semi-cylindrical form of a curvature corresponding to that of the bearing surface of hinge pin or journal 52. Rotatably mounted on the end portion of the arm 50a, for rotation about the axis of the semi-cylindrical end surface of the slot 56 is a respective retaining lever 60, a hub portion 62 of which is likewise provided with a slot 57 opening onto the periphery of the hub portion, the inner end of this slot likewise being a semi-cylindrical surface coaxial with that of the semi-cylindrical surface of the slot 56 and of the same curvature. In the arrangement shown, the lever 60 on the upper arm 50a lies on top of the latter as viewed in Figures 1 to 3 (and conversely the corresponding lever 60 for the lower arm 50a (not shown) lies below the lower arm 50a). Each lever 60 is retained between the respective arm 50a and the opposing side wall 51 of part of the outer shell which lies in the respective arm 50 of the door, the hub 62 of the lever 60 having, on its side facing the arm 50a, a part-cylindrical boss which is received in a corresponding part-cylindrical recess on the adjoining side of the arm 50a, such boss and recess being again coaxial with the half-cylindrical surfaces at the inner end of the slot 56 and of the slot 57 in the lever 60, whereby the lever 60 is rotatably mounted on the arm 50a. The lever 60 is kept in place, when the door is removed, as described below, between the arm 50a and said side wall 51. In the position of the lever 60, (relative to the door and arm 50a) shown in Figure 5, the transverse slots 56, 57 in the arm 50a and the lever hub 62 are aligned, defining a single open slot which, when the door is applied to the casing, can receive the respective hinge pin or journal 52. The lever 60 may then be swung through 900 to the position shown in Figure 6 in which the slot 57 in the hub is displaced through approximately 90 with respect to the slot 56 so that whilst the respective half-cylindrical ends of these slots co-operate with respective portions of the cylindrical part of the hinge pin 52, one side wall of the slot in the hub 62 obstructs the slot 56 and provides a bearing surface for engagement with the hinge pin 52 and likewise one side wall 56 of the slot 56 obstructs the slot 57 in the hub 62 so that the combination of the arm 50a and lever 60 retains the hinge pin 52 securely but is nonetheless rotatable around the hinge pin 52.
= In this, the closed position of the lever 60, the latter lies snugly against the arm 50a as shown in Figure 6. More particularly, the lever arm of lever 60 may, as shown comprise a major part 63 in the form of a wall or strip lying in the plane of movement of the lever arm and may further comprise a tab portion 65 extending at right angles to said part 63 and which, in said closed position of the lever, lies within a corresponding recess in the respective arm 50a of the inner part of the door. In this closed position of the lever, the part 63 lies snugly against the arm 50a between the arm 50a and the wall 51 of the outer shell. When the door is to be removed, both levers 60 are pivoted in the door to the position shown in Figure 5 and the door is then pulled away from the pump housing and hinge pins. Door replacement is by the reverse of this procedure, the levers 60 finally being 'pivoted to the position shown in Figure 6 to retain the door on the hinge pins 52.
Figure 4a is a fragmentary sectional view showing the part of the door with the upper arm 50, and also showing the unit 52a providing hinge pin 52 and indicating the part of housing 12 in which it is fixed. The section in Figure 4a is taken in a plane through the axis A of the hinge pins 52 and which is generally parallel with the major surfaces of the door, and is taken with the lever 60 in the position shown in Figures 4 and 6 in which the respective hinge pin 52 is held captive in the arm 50a. Thus, the plane of section in Figure 4a , runs along the slot 56 in the arm 50a and through the open end of slot 56 and runs across the slot 57 in the lever 60.
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In order to prevent inadvertent or unnecessary removal of the door by nursing staff or others, whilst still allowing ready removal and replacement of the door by servicing personnel, the levers 60 may be held in their closed positions by screws 70 screwed into the door inner part and the heads of which screws 70 overlie the tab portions 65 in their recesses and which screws must be undone to allow the levers 60 to be swung into their open positions. To facilitate mounting of the door and as a "backup" should a screw 70 become lost, the levers 60 and arms 50a may be provided with integral complementary retaining means, e.g. in the form of detents and co-operating recesses, or (less preferably) the levers 60 may have detents or recesses on the sides of parts facing the respective walls 51 and co-operating with complementary recesses or 'detents on the walls 51 facing the parts 63.
Referring to Figure 1 and 2, the brackets 22 and 24 project forward somewhat from the face 20 and provide, or incorporate, respective resilient clips which define respective recesses to receive the respective fittings 38 and 40 of the infusion line, and these recesses are so shaped as to ensure, as far as possible, that the fitting 40 will not fit in the recess in bracket 22, nor will the fitting 38 fit in the recess in bracket 24. Likewise, the fittings 38, 40 and the brackets 22, 24 are so shaped as to ensure that neither fits in its respective , bracket in an inverted position. Nevertheless, it has been found that, despite such measures, nursing personnel often take a significant time, if unfamiliar with a particular pump unit, to determine on, a trial and error basis, the correct =, orientation and position of the infusion line in a peristaltic pump unit. Time may, of course, be very precious in a medical emergency situation. In accordance with the present invention therefore, to assist nursing personnel in quickly determining the correct orientation and position of the infusion line in the pump unit, colour coding is used. Thus the bracket 22 and fitting 38 are made of the same, visually striking, colour, distinct from the remainder of the pump unit and infusion line, and the bracket 24 and fitting 40 are made of the , same visually striking colour as each other, but contrasting with that of the bracket 22 and fitting 38 and again distinct form the remainder of the pump unit or infusion line. For example, bracket 22 and fitting 38 might be blue and the bracket 24 and fitting 40 might be orange.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 once more, the bracket 24, besides serving to co-operate with and hold the fitting 40 of the infusion line, also incorporates various sensors, such as a pressure sensor (not shown) of a type known per se, 14 =
for measuring the pressure at which the medical fluid is supplied to the patient and a bubble detector, also known per se. A bracket performing the above-noted function and incorporating such sensors is likely to be required in any of a range of different infusion pumps of the character concerned. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the bracket 24, the sensors referred to and possibly other facilities such as a mechanism for pinching off the infusion line when the door 30 is opened, are all ,incorporated in a module which can be easily fitted to the pump during manufacture, e.g. which can be simply "plugged in". Where the manufacturer produces a range of different models of pump unit, the different models are preferably designed to receive the same design of module, thereby rationalising manufacture to some extent, minimising manufacturing costs and stock-holding requirements for spares.
The pump unit housing is provided with feet 100, 102, for example of elastomeric material, for use when the unit is to be 'supported on a flat surface rather than, for example, clamped to a rail. In prior infusion pump units, where the feet have simply been attached by adhesive to the bottom of the pump housing, these feet have had a tendency to become dislodged. Attachment of such feet to the bottom of the housing by screws has also proved unsatisfactory in that such screws are sometimes over-tightened during assembly causing the housing to crack. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the feet used are unitary elastomeric items such as illustrated in Figure 8 or Figure 9 and which are inserted through holes in the bottom of the housing. Thus, each foot shown has a lower part 104, intended to be extended from the pump casing, a circumferential groove or rebate 106, intended to receive the edge of the hole in wall of the pump casing through which the foot is extended, and an enlarged retaining portion 108 (for foot 100) or 110 (for foot 102) above the groove which engages the inside of the pump housing, to retain the foot against displacement from the hole. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the pump unit has two rear feet 100 fitted in holes in downwardly projecting parts 113 of the pump housing, (see Figures 13 and 14) these feet each having an upper inner part 108 with a tapering wall to assist in pushing through the respective hole in the bottom of the pump housing. The pump housing, in the 5 preferred embodiment, is formed in two parts, one providing a front panel of the housing and forward parts of the top, bottom and side walls, and the other part providing a back, and rearward parts of the side walls, top wall and bottom wall. The holes in which the front feet 102 are fitted are intersected by the junction between the front and rear housing parts so that the rear part of the 10 housing has, in the forward edge thereof, at the bottom, two notches, corresponding to the rear parts of the respective holes for feet 102, into which the narrower parts, (defined by grooves 106), of feet 102 can be fitted before the front housing part having corresponding notches in its rear edge, at the bottom, is applied to the rear housing part, whereby the edge portions of the 15 last-mentioned notches engage in the grooves 106 and holes encompassing the feet 102 are thus completed. In this way, the front feet 102, like the rear feet 100, are firmly and reliably held in place.
As noted above, the pump unit includes electronic processing means controlling operation of the motor driving the peristaltic assembly 26;
receiving -signals from the pressure and other sensors; receiving input from the keypad on the front of the pump unit; controlling the alarm means and the display; and so on. The electronic processing means comprises, in manner known per se, a CPU (central processing unit), running a program stored in electric memory within the pump unit. In preferred embodiments of the invention, this memory, or a part thereof, is carried in a commercially available, readily replaceable, =
non-volatile memory card, such as a "Smart Media" card, a "Compact Flash"
card, an "SDM" card or the like, received in a complementary socket within the ' pump unit, whereby the operating program of the CPU, or some aspect thereof, or pre-set data utilised by such program, may readily be changed, for example to provide for different medication administration regimes or improved control algorithms, simply by opening the pump unit housing, and exchanging cards.
Figure 10 illustrates such a "Smart Media" card 112 in a socket 114 mounted on a circuit board 116 within the pump unit 10.
At the rear of the casing, as shown in Figure 12, are provided various electrical connectors, including a power supply connector 118 and data connectors. In the preferred embodiment, one of these data connectors may be a multi-pin connector, such as an RS232 connector 120 in which pins unused for data communication have been set asidefor a nurse call function. As usual, a pump alarm will trigger the nurse call. , Referring to Figure 11 a plurality of pump units 10 may be mounted on a docking station 126 which may be located at the bed side of a patient being infused with respective medical fluids via the respective pumps 10 mounted on the docking station. The docking station includes electronic processing means 127 (Figure 11a) housed in a unit 128 of the docking station which carries visual alarm signal means such as a lamp or beacon 130 and information display means 132 controlled by the electronic processing means in the unit 128. Respective output signal connectors of the pump units are connected with respective inputs 134a, 134b, 134c of unit 128. In operation, if one of the infusion pumps on the docking station produces an alarm signal, a corresponding output signal is provided via the respective input 134 to the processing means 127, causing the latter to activate the alarm means 130 and to present, on display means 132, an indication as to which of the pump units mounted on the docking station is generating the alarm. A nurse alerted by the alarm can thus readily and quickly determine which docking station 126 has the pump unit 10 associated with the alarm condition.
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The terms "upper" and "lower" are used herein for convenience and should not be understood to mean that the apparatus must be used in the orientation shown in Figures 1 to 3. The unit will, of course, pump fluid perfectly well in any orientation.
In operation of the pump, in known manner, the fingers of the peristaltic assembly 26 periodically press the flexible resilient tubing against a counter, surface or anvil to propel fluid within the infusion line along the latter. In the pump shown, the peristaltic assembly comprises an upper finger 26a and a lower finger 26b which are of a relatively limited extent in the longitudinal direction of the infusion line, and an intermediate finger or pad 26c, between the upper and lower fingers and which finger 26c is extended or elongated in the longitudinal direction of the infusion line. In operation, assuming the fluid is to be propelled downwards, as viewed in Figures 1 to 3, along the infusion line, the peristaltic assembly performs a repeating cycle in which, with the intermediate pad 26c spaced from the counter surface, the upper finger presses the flexible tube against the counter surface or anvil to close the tube at the location of the upper finger 26a, the lower finger is then withdrawn from the counter surface to open the tube at the location of the lower finger 26b, then the intermediate pad or finger 26c is moved towards the counter surface to drive the fluid in the tube adjacent the intermediate pad 26c downward along the tube, then the tube is pinched closed again between the lower finger 26b and the counter surface, then the upper finger 26a is withdrawn from the counter surface and the intermediate finger 26e withdrawn from the counter surface to draw fresh fluid into the part of the tube adjacent the intermediate finger 26c.
In order for example, to allow for ready cleaning of the housing 12 or the door 30, or to allow ready replacement of the door 30 should the latter become damaged, means is provided in accordance with the present invention 5 whereby the door 30 can be readily removed when required, As illustrated in Figures 4 to 7, the door has at its upper and lower ends laterally extending arms 50 which carry at their ends respective bearing arrangements for hinge pins or journals 52, fixed in the casing adjacent the upper and lower ends of the housing. The door comprises an inner part (shown partially in Figures 5 to 7), 10 which provides the counter surface or anvil referred to, and an outer shell, (omitted in Figures 5 to 7 for clarity but visible in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 4a), secured to the outer side of the inner part. The portions of the inner part of the door which are incorporated in the arms 50 are referenced 50a in Figures 5, 6 and 7, and are referred to below as arms 50a. Figure ,4 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the upper part of the door 30, from the inside of the door, without the housing 12 but showing, in position in relation to the door, a unit 52a which is in practice fixed in the housing 12 and which provides the upper hinge pin, or journal 52. (A corresponding unit fixed in the housing 12 likewise provides the lower hinge pin or journal 52).
As best shown in Figure 5, each said arm 50a (only one is shown, the , other being a mirror image) has at one end a slot 56 extending to the end of the respective arm, the inner end of the slot being of semi-cylindrical form of a curvature corresponding to that of the bearing surface of hinge pin or journal 52. Rotatably mounted on the end portion of the arm 50a, for rotation about the axis of the semi-cylindrical end surface of the slot 56 is a respective retaining lever 60, a hub portion 62 of which is likewise provided with a slot 57 opening onto the periphery of the hub portion, the inner end of this slot likewise being a semi-cylindrical surface coaxial with that of the semi-cylindrical surface of the slot 56 and of the same curvature. In the arrangement shown, the lever 60 on the upper arm 50a lies on top of the latter as viewed in Figures 1 to 3 (and conversely the corresponding lever 60 for the lower arm 50a (not shown) lies below the lower arm 50a). Each lever 60 is retained between the respective arm 50a and the opposing side wall 51 of part of the outer shell which lies in the respective arm 50 of the door, the hub 62 of the lever 60 having, on its side facing the arm 50a, a part-cylindrical boss which is received in a corresponding part-cylindrical recess on the adjoining side of the arm 50a, such boss and recess being again coaxial with the half-cylindrical surfaces at the inner end of the slot 56 and of the slot 57 in the lever 60, whereby the lever 60 is rotatably mounted on the arm 50a. The lever 60 is kept in place, when the door is removed, as described below, between the arm 50a and said side wall 51. In the position of the lever 60, (relative to the door and arm 50a) shown in Figure 5, the transverse slots 56, 57 in the arm 50a and the lever hub 62 are aligned, defining a single open slot which, when the door is applied to the casing, can receive the respective hinge pin or journal 52. The lever 60 may then be swung through 900 to the position shown in Figure 6 in which the slot 57 in the hub is displaced through approximately 90 with respect to the slot 56 so that whilst the respective half-cylindrical ends of these slots co-operate with respective portions of the cylindrical part of the hinge pin 52, one side wall of the slot in the hub 62 obstructs the slot 56 and provides a bearing surface for engagement with the hinge pin 52 and likewise one side wall 56 of the slot 56 obstructs the slot 57 in the hub 62 so that the combination of the arm 50a and lever 60 retains the hinge pin 52 securely but is nonetheless rotatable around the hinge pin 52.
= In this, the closed position of the lever 60, the latter lies snugly against the arm 50a as shown in Figure 6. More particularly, the lever arm of lever 60 may, as shown comprise a major part 63 in the form of a wall or strip lying in the plane of movement of the lever arm and may further comprise a tab portion 65 extending at right angles to said part 63 and which, in said closed position of the lever, lies within a corresponding recess in the respective arm 50a of the inner part of the door. In this closed position of the lever, the part 63 lies snugly against the arm 50a between the arm 50a and the wall 51 of the outer shell. When the door is to be removed, both levers 60 are pivoted in the door to the position shown in Figure 5 and the door is then pulled away from the pump housing and hinge pins. Door replacement is by the reverse of this procedure, the levers 60 finally being 'pivoted to the position shown in Figure 6 to retain the door on the hinge pins 52.
Figure 4a is a fragmentary sectional view showing the part of the door with the upper arm 50, and also showing the unit 52a providing hinge pin 52 and indicating the part of housing 12 in which it is fixed. The section in Figure 4a is taken in a plane through the axis A of the hinge pins 52 and which is generally parallel with the major surfaces of the door, and is taken with the lever 60 in the position shown in Figures 4 and 6 in which the respective hinge pin 52 is held captive in the arm 50a. Thus, the plane of section in Figure 4a , runs along the slot 56 in the arm 50a and through the open end of slot 56 and runs across the slot 57 in the lever 60.
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In order to prevent inadvertent or unnecessary removal of the door by nursing staff or others, whilst still allowing ready removal and replacement of the door by servicing personnel, the levers 60 may be held in their closed positions by screws 70 screwed into the door inner part and the heads of which screws 70 overlie the tab portions 65 in their recesses and which screws must be undone to allow the levers 60 to be swung into their open positions. To facilitate mounting of the door and as a "backup" should a screw 70 become lost, the levers 60 and arms 50a may be provided with integral complementary retaining means, e.g. in the form of detents and co-operating recesses, or (less preferably) the levers 60 may have detents or recesses on the sides of parts facing the respective walls 51 and co-operating with complementary recesses or 'detents on the walls 51 facing the parts 63.
Referring to Figure 1 and 2, the brackets 22 and 24 project forward somewhat from the face 20 and provide, or incorporate, respective resilient clips which define respective recesses to receive the respective fittings 38 and 40 of the infusion line, and these recesses are so shaped as to ensure, as far as possible, that the fitting 40 will not fit in the recess in bracket 22, nor will the fitting 38 fit in the recess in bracket 24. Likewise, the fittings 38, 40 and the brackets 22, 24 are so shaped as to ensure that neither fits in its respective , bracket in an inverted position. Nevertheless, it has been found that, despite such measures, nursing personnel often take a significant time, if unfamiliar with a particular pump unit, to determine on, a trial and error basis, the correct =, orientation and position of the infusion line in a peristaltic pump unit. Time may, of course, be very precious in a medical emergency situation. In accordance with the present invention therefore, to assist nursing personnel in quickly determining the correct orientation and position of the infusion line in the pump unit, colour coding is used. Thus the bracket 22 and fitting 38 are made of the same, visually striking, colour, distinct from the remainder of the pump unit and infusion line, and the bracket 24 and fitting 40 are made of the , same visually striking colour as each other, but contrasting with that of the bracket 22 and fitting 38 and again distinct form the remainder of the pump unit or infusion line. For example, bracket 22 and fitting 38 might be blue and the bracket 24 and fitting 40 might be orange.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 once more, the bracket 24, besides serving to co-operate with and hold the fitting 40 of the infusion line, also incorporates various sensors, such as a pressure sensor (not shown) of a type known per se, 14 =
for measuring the pressure at which the medical fluid is supplied to the patient and a bubble detector, also known per se. A bracket performing the above-noted function and incorporating such sensors is likely to be required in any of a range of different infusion pumps of the character concerned. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the bracket 24, the sensors referred to and possibly other facilities such as a mechanism for pinching off the infusion line when the door 30 is opened, are all ,incorporated in a module which can be easily fitted to the pump during manufacture, e.g. which can be simply "plugged in". Where the manufacturer produces a range of different models of pump unit, the different models are preferably designed to receive the same design of module, thereby rationalising manufacture to some extent, minimising manufacturing costs and stock-holding requirements for spares.
The pump unit housing is provided with feet 100, 102, for example of elastomeric material, for use when the unit is to be 'supported on a flat surface rather than, for example, clamped to a rail. In prior infusion pump units, where the feet have simply been attached by adhesive to the bottom of the pump housing, these feet have had a tendency to become dislodged. Attachment of such feet to the bottom of the housing by screws has also proved unsatisfactory in that such screws are sometimes over-tightened during assembly causing the housing to crack. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the feet used are unitary elastomeric items such as illustrated in Figure 8 or Figure 9 and which are inserted through holes in the bottom of the housing. Thus, each foot shown has a lower part 104, intended to be extended from the pump casing, a circumferential groove or rebate 106, intended to receive the edge of the hole in wall of the pump casing through which the foot is extended, and an enlarged retaining portion 108 (for foot 100) or 110 (for foot 102) above the groove which engages the inside of the pump housing, to retain the foot against displacement from the hole. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the pump unit has two rear feet 100 fitted in holes in downwardly projecting parts 113 of the pump housing, (see Figures 13 and 14) these feet each having an upper inner part 108 with a tapering wall to assist in pushing through the respective hole in the bottom of the pump housing. The pump housing, in the 5 preferred embodiment, is formed in two parts, one providing a front panel of the housing and forward parts of the top, bottom and side walls, and the other part providing a back, and rearward parts of the side walls, top wall and bottom wall. The holes in which the front feet 102 are fitted are intersected by the junction between the front and rear housing parts so that the rear part of the 10 housing has, in the forward edge thereof, at the bottom, two notches, corresponding to the rear parts of the respective holes for feet 102, into which the narrower parts, (defined by grooves 106), of feet 102 can be fitted before the front housing part having corresponding notches in its rear edge, at the bottom, is applied to the rear housing part, whereby the edge portions of the 15 last-mentioned notches engage in the grooves 106 and holes encompassing the feet 102 are thus completed. In this way, the front feet 102, like the rear feet 100, are firmly and reliably held in place.
As noted above, the pump unit includes electronic processing means controlling operation of the motor driving the peristaltic assembly 26;
receiving -signals from the pressure and other sensors; receiving input from the keypad on the front of the pump unit; controlling the alarm means and the display; and so on. The electronic processing means comprises, in manner known per se, a CPU (central processing unit), running a program stored in electric memory within the pump unit. In preferred embodiments of the invention, this memory, or a part thereof, is carried in a commercially available, readily replaceable, =
non-volatile memory card, such as a "Smart Media" card, a "Compact Flash"
card, an "SDM" card or the like, received in a complementary socket within the ' pump unit, whereby the operating program of the CPU, or some aspect thereof, or pre-set data utilised by such program, may readily be changed, for example to provide for different medication administration regimes or improved control algorithms, simply by opening the pump unit housing, and exchanging cards.
Figure 10 illustrates such a "Smart Media" card 112 in a socket 114 mounted on a circuit board 116 within the pump unit 10.
At the rear of the casing, as shown in Figure 12, are provided various electrical connectors, including a power supply connector 118 and data connectors. In the preferred embodiment, one of these data connectors may be a multi-pin connector, such as an RS232 connector 120 in which pins unused for data communication have been set asidefor a nurse call function. As usual, a pump alarm will trigger the nurse call. , Referring to Figure 11 a plurality of pump units 10 may be mounted on a docking station 126 which may be located at the bed side of a patient being infused with respective medical fluids via the respective pumps 10 mounted on the docking station. The docking station includes electronic processing means 127 (Figure 11a) housed in a unit 128 of the docking station which carries visual alarm signal means such as a lamp or beacon 130 and information display means 132 controlled by the electronic processing means in the unit 128. Respective output signal connectors of the pump units are connected with respective inputs 134a, 134b, 134c of unit 128. In operation, if one of the infusion pumps on the docking station produces an alarm signal, a corresponding output signal is provided via the respective input 134 to the processing means 127, causing the latter to activate the alarm means 130 and to present, on display means 132, an indication as to which of the pump units mounted on the docking station is generating the alarm. A nurse alerted by the alarm can thus readily and quickly determine which docking station 126 has the pump unit 10 associated with the alarm condition.
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When used in this specification and claims, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and variations thereof mean that the specified features, steps or integers are included. The terms are not to be interpreted to= exclude the presence of other features, steps or components.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any combination of such features, be utilised for realising the invention in diverse forms thereof.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any combination of such features, be utilised for realising the invention in diverse forms thereof.
Claims (17)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A peristaltic pump unit for medical infusion, the pump unit comprising:
a peristaltic assembly;
a counter surface facing said peristaltic assembly;
a support for supporting, between said peristaltic assembly and said counter surface, a flexible resilient tube forming part of a medical fluid delivery line; and a driving mechanism operable to drive said peristaltic assembly to pinch such flexible tube against said counter surface at different positions along the flexible resilient tube, and wherein said peristaltic assembly and said mechanism are incorporated in a housing;
wherein said counter surface is provided by a cover hingedly connected with said housing so that in an open position of said cover, said counter surface is spaced from the peristaltic assembly to allow the introduction of said flexible resilient tube across the peristaltic assembly, or to allow the removal of said flexible resilient tube from the unit, and so that in a closed position of said cover, said flexible resilient tube extended across the peristaltic assembly is positioned between the peristaltic assembly and said counter surface, wherein said cover is readily non-destructively removable and replaceable, wherein one of the housing and said cover carries at least one journal and the other of said cover and the housing carries a complementary bearing arrangement, said bearing arrangement including a first part having an open-ended transverse slot terminating in a bearing surface for said journal and a second part moveable with respect to said first part and which in a first position discloses said transverse slot to allow said journal to pass transversely through said slot into co-operation with said bearing surface, said second part being moveable into a second position in which the second part obstructs such transverse slot and provides a further bearing surface co-operating with said journal.
a peristaltic assembly;
a counter surface facing said peristaltic assembly;
a support for supporting, between said peristaltic assembly and said counter surface, a flexible resilient tube forming part of a medical fluid delivery line; and a driving mechanism operable to drive said peristaltic assembly to pinch such flexible tube against said counter surface at different positions along the flexible resilient tube, and wherein said peristaltic assembly and said mechanism are incorporated in a housing;
wherein said counter surface is provided by a cover hingedly connected with said housing so that in an open position of said cover, said counter surface is spaced from the peristaltic assembly to allow the introduction of said flexible resilient tube across the peristaltic assembly, or to allow the removal of said flexible resilient tube from the unit, and so that in a closed position of said cover, said flexible resilient tube extended across the peristaltic assembly is positioned between the peristaltic assembly and said counter surface, wherein said cover is readily non-destructively removable and replaceable, wherein one of the housing and said cover carries at least one journal and the other of said cover and the housing carries a complementary bearing arrangement, said bearing arrangement including a first part having an open-ended transverse slot terminating in a bearing surface for said journal and a second part moveable with respect to said first part and which in a first position discloses said transverse slot to allow said journal to pass transversely through said slot into co-operation with said bearing surface, said second part being moveable into a second position in which the second part obstructs such transverse slot and provides a further bearing surface co-operating with said journal.
2. The peristaltic pump unit according to Claim 1 wherein said first part and said second part each have an open-ended transverse slot terminating in the respective bearing surface, the second part being rotatable between a position in which the transverse slot is in alignment to allow transverse passage of said journal into co-operation with said bearing surfaces and a second position in which said second part obstructs movement of the journal out of said first part.
3. The peristaltic pump unit according to Claim 2 wherein said first part is fixed with respect to the cover and said bearing surface of said first part is arcuate about an axis fixed with respect to the cover, and wherein said second part is rotatable with respect to the cover about said axis and wherein said journal is carried by said housing and is coaxial with said bearing surfaces when the cover is in position on the housing.
4. The peristaltic pump unit according to Claim 2 wherein said first part is fixed with respect to the housing and said bearing surface of said first part is arcuate about an axis fixed with respect to the housing, and wherein said second part is rotatable with respect to the housing about said axis and wherein said journal is carried by said cover and is coaxial with said bearing surfaces when the cover is in position on the housing.
5. The peristaltic pump unit according to Claim 3 or 4 wherein said second part has a boss which is cylindrical about said axis, apart from the interruption due to said slot in the second part, said boss being journaled in a recess provided in a face of said first part, which recess, apart from the interruption due to said slot in the first part, is also cylindrical about said axis.
6. The peristaltic pump unit according to Claim 5 wherein said first part comprises a base structure of said cover and said face providing said cylindrical recess is at an edge of said base structure and wherein a cover plate secured to said base structure has a wall which extends at least partly over said second part, on the side of the second part remote from said cylindrical recess, whereby said second part is held captive between said base structure and said wall.
7. The peristaltic pump unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 6 wherein said second part has an operating lever for moving the second part between said first and said second positions and wherein a fastener releasably secured to said first part normally acts on said lever to maintain said lever in the position in which said second part is in said second position with respect to said first part.
8. The peristaltic pump unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the support comprises support means spaced above and below the peristaltic assembly, the support means being colour coded and adapted to receive correspondingly colour-coded first and second fittings spaced along the medical fluid delivery line upstream and downstream of said flexible resilient tube.
9. The peristaltic pump unit according to Claim 8 wherein said first colour-coded fitting has a first approximately cylindrical form configured for engagement in a cavity of complementary form in the correspondingly colour-coded support means provided on said housing, and wherein said second colour-coded fitting has a second approximately cylindrical form configured for engagement in a cavity of complementary form in the correspondingly colour-coded support means provided on said housing, said colour-coded support means being in the form of resilient clips configured to embrace their respective colour-coded fittings and wherein the forms of said colour-coded fittings and said cavities in the support means are selected to resist the first colour-coded fitting being fitted in the cavity in the second support means and to resist the second colour-coded fitting being fitted in the cavity in the first support means.
10. The peristaltic pump unit according to any of Claims 1 to 9 in which at least one sensor and a bracket arrangement for supporting a respective part of the medical fluid delivery line are incorporated in a module adapted for retention by the unit.
11. The peristaltic pump unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, wherein said housing carries, spaced from said peristaltic assembly, but in line therewith, a bracket for supporting a complementary part of said flexible resilient tube extended across the peristaltic assembly, and wherein said bracket is in the form of a replaceable module which incorporates at least one of a pressure sensor for sensing the pressure of fluid in said flexible resilient tube and a bubble detector for detecting bubbles in said flexible resilient tube.
12. The peristaltic pump unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, wherein the housing comprises an external casing in the form of a shell of predetermined thickness provided, in a base portion thereof, with a plurality of apertures for receiving feet, each said foot comprising a body having a circumferential groove for receiving an edge portion of plurality of apertures to define a lower part below said circumferential groove extending from said casing and an upper part, above said circumferential groove within said casing, said upper and lower parts being larger than the aperture, whereby the foot is retained against displacement from the casing.
13. The peristaltic pump unit according to Claim 12 wherein said casing includes a first part and a second part having respective edges which meet in an assembled condition of the housing and wherein at least one of said plurality of apertures for receiving feet is defined jointly by co-operating notches in the respective edges of said first and second parts of said casing.
14. The peristaltic pump unit according to Claim 12 or 13 wherein said feet are of elastomeric material.
15. The peristaltic pump unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, wherein the pump unit is configured to mount on a docking station for supporting a plurality of pump units for medical infusion, each pump unit having an associated output signal connector, and wherein said docking station includes electronic processing means for receiving signals from said output signal connectors and further includes visual alarm signal means and information display means such that when the plurality of infusion pump units are mounted on the docking station and connected with said processing means, and one of the plurality of infusion pump units produces an alarm signal, a corresponding output signal is provided to said processing means, causing the processing means to activate said alarm signal means and to present, on said information display means, an indication as to which of the plurality of pump units mounted on the docking station is generating the alarm.
16. The peristaltic pump unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, wherein said housing houses an electric motor driving the peristaltic assembly and carries at least a pressure sensor for sensing the pressure in fluid being delivered along said medical fluid delivery line, and an input device for setting the pump unit, the pump unit including electronic processing means for controlling operation of the motor driving the peristaltic assembly and for receiving signals from said pressure sensor, the electronic processing means comprising a central processing unit running an operating program stored in a memory within the pump unit, and wherein at least part of said memory is carried in a removable non-volatile memory card, received in a complementary socket within the pump unit, whereby the operating program of the central processing unit is changeable by exchanging said memory card for another.
17. The peristaltic pump of Claim 16 wherein the operating program is changeable to provide at least one of administration of different medications, administration of different medication regimes and administration of different control algorithms.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0416006.5A GB0416006D0 (en) | 2004-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | Infusion apparatus |
| GB0416006.5 | 2004-07-16 | ||
| PCT/GB2005/002747 WO2006008465A1 (en) | 2004-07-16 | 2005-07-13 | Infusion apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2573102A1 CA2573102A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
| CA2573102C true CA2573102C (en) | 2013-09-10 |
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ID=32893732
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2573102A Active CA2573102C (en) | 2004-07-16 | 2005-07-13 | Infusion apparatus |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8118778B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1768723B1 (en) |
| JP (3) | JP5236943B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101084027B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE478697T1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU2005263911B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2573102C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602005023162D1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0416006D0 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1102265A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20070728L (en) |
| NZ (2) | NZ588579A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006008465A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200700326B (en) |
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2005
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- 2005-07-13 WO PCT/GB2005/002747 patent/WO2006008465A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-07-13 JP JP2007520889A patent/JP5236943B2/en active Active
- 2005-07-13 AU AU2005263911A patent/AU2005263911B2/en active Active
- 2005-07-13 NZ NZ588579A patent/NZ588579A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-07-13 DE DE602005023162T patent/DE602005023162D1/en active Active
- 2005-07-13 US US11/632,583 patent/US8118778B2/en active Active
- 2005-07-13 EP EP05759852A patent/EP1768723B1/en active Active
- 2005-07-13 NZ NZ553237A patent/NZ553237A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2007
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- 2007-09-21 HK HK07110313.2A patent/HK1102265A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2011
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| EP1768723B1 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
| AU2011202350A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
| US20120156073A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
| AU2005263911B2 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
| EP1768723A1 (en) | 2007-04-04 |
| CN101084027A (en) | 2007-12-05 |
| JP2008506437A (en) | 2008-03-06 |
| JP2011172955A (en) | 2011-09-08 |
| US20090043252A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
| CA2573102A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
| NZ553237A (en) | 2010-11-26 |
| HK1102265A1 (en) | 2007-11-09 |
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