CA2548096A1 - Method of super super decoupled loadflow computation for electrical power system - Google Patents

Method of super super decoupled loadflow computation for electrical power system Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2548096A1
CA2548096A1 CA 2548096 CA2548096A CA2548096A1 CA 2548096 A1 CA2548096 A1 CA 2548096A1 CA 2548096 CA2548096 CA 2548096 CA 2548096 A CA2548096 A CA 2548096A CA 2548096 A1 CA2548096 A1 CA 2548096A1
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power
network
nodes
transformer
loadflow
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CA 2548096
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CA2548096C (en
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Sureshchandra B. Patel
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/04Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/20Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Abstract

A method of performing loadflow computations for controlling voltages and power flow in a power network by reading on-line data of given/specified/scheduled/set network variables/parameters and using control means, so that no component of the power network is overloaded as well as there is no over/under voltage at any nodes in the network following a small or large disturbances. The invented generalized Super Super Decoupled Loadflow (SSDL) computation method is characterized in that 1) modified real power mismatch at any PQ-node-p is calculated as RP p =[.DELTA.P p' +(G pp'/ B pp').DELTA.Q p'] / V p 2, which takes different form for different manifestation of the generalized version SSDL-X'X' method, 2) transformed values of known/given/specified/scheduled/set quantities in the diagonal elements of the gain matrix [YV]
of the Q-V sub-problem are present, and 3) transformation angles are restricted to maximum of -48° particularly for the most successful version SSDL-YY method, and these inventive loadflow computation steps together yield some processing acceleration and consequent efficiency gains, and are each individually inventive. The other two Super Super Decoupled Loadflow methods:
BGX' version (SSDL-BGX') and X'G pv X' version (SSDL-X'GpvX') are characterized in the use of simultaneous (1V, 1.theta.) iteration scheme thereby calculating mismatches only once in each iteration and consequent efficiency gain.

Claims (9)

1. A method of. controlling voltages and power flows in a power network, comprising the steps of:
Obtaining on-line/simulated data of open/close status of switches and circuit breakers in the power network, obtaining on-line readings of real and reactive power assignments or settings at PQ-nodes, real power and voltage magnitude assignments or settings at PV-nodes and transformer turns ratios, which are the controlled variables/parameters, performing loadflow computation by a decoupled loadflow method employing successive (1.theta., 1V) or simultaneous (1v, 1.theta.) iteration scheme to calculate values of the voltage angle and the voltage magnitudes at PQ-nodes, voltage angle and reactive power generation at PV-nodes, and tap positions of tap-changing transformers for said obtained online readings, or specified/set values, of controlled variables/parameters by using triangular factorization of super or alternatively transformed decoupled gain matrices that are defined independent of rotation angles applied to complex branch admittances by using admittance magnitudes with the same algebraic signs as those of the transformed susceptance values, initiating said loadflow computation with guess solution of the same voltage magnitude and angle as those of the slack or reference node referred to as slack start, evaluating the computed loadflow for any of the over loaded power network components and for under/over voltage at any of the network nodes, correcting one or more controlled parameters and repeating the computing and evaluating steps until evaluating step finds no over loaded components and no under/over voltages in the power network, and effecting a change in the power flowing through network components and voltage magnitudes and angles at the nodes of the power network by actually implementing the finally obtained values of controlled parameters after evaluating step finds a good power system or alternatively a power network without any overloaded components and under/over voltages, which finally obtained controlled parameters however are stored in case of simulation for acting upon fast in case the simulated event actually occurs.
2. A method as defined in claim-1 wherein said decoupled loadflow computation, employing successive (1.theta., 1V) iteration scheme, is characterized in:
using computation of variables representing quotients of transformed discrepancies from specified values of real power flowing in through PQ-nodes divided by squared voltage magnitude and quotients of discrepancies from specified values of real power flowing in through PV-nodes of the power network divided by a multiplication of squared voltage magnitude and a factor determined as the absolute value of the ratio of a diagonal element of susceptance matrix to a corresponding diagonal element of said super decoupled gain matrix derived from Jacobian matrix for real power residue divided by squared voltage magnitude or simply the voltage magnitude with respect to the voltage angle, and using the transformed reactive power discrepancies from the specified values divided by voltage magnitude on each of the PQ-nodes, and restricting nodal transformation or alternatively rotation angle to maximum -degrees, which can be turned for the best possible convergence for any given system, applied to complex power injection in computing transformed discrepancies from specified values of real and reactive power flowing in through each of PQ-nodes, and using network shunt parameter b p' that appears in diagonal elements of gain matrix [YV] as given in the following relations:
b p' = (QSH p'/ V s2) - b p Cos.PHI.p or b p' = 2QSH p'/ V s2 (38) QSH p' = QSH p Cos.PHI.p - PSH p Sin.PHI.p -for PQ-nodes (26)
3. A method as defined in claim-1 wherein said decoupled loadflow computations, employing simultaneous (1V, 1.theta.) iteration scheme are characterized in that they involve only one time calculation of real and reactive power residues in an iteration along with modified real power residue calculation, depending on decoupled loadflow computation method used, either by:
-for PQ-nodes & PV-nodes (71) or RP p = {[.DELTA.P p' + (G pp'/ B pp').DELTA.Q p'] / V p2} - (g p' .DELTA.V p) -for PQ-nodes (85)
4. A simple system for controlling generator and transformer voltages of the more elaborate system of security control or alternatively voltage and power flow control defined in claim-1 can be realized in an electrical power utility containing plurality of electromechanical rotating machines, transformers and electrical loads connected in a network, each machine having a reactive power characteristic and an excitation element which is controllable for adjusting the reactive power generated or absorbed by the machine, and some of the transformers each having a tap changing element which is controllable for adjusting turns ratio or alternatively terminal voltage of the transformer, said system comprising:

means defining one the loadflow computation models characterised in claim-1, claim-2, and claim-3 for providing an indication of the quantity of reactive power to be supplied by generators including the reference generator node or alternatively the slack generator node, and for providing an indication of transformer tap positions or alternatively transformer turns ratios in dependence on the read online/specified/set controlled network variables/parameters, machine control means connected to the said loadflow computation model means and to the excitation elements of the rotating machines for controlling the operation of the excitation elements of machines to produce or absorb the amount of reactive pawer indicated by said loadflow computation model means with respect to the set of read online/specified/set controlled network variables/parameters including physical limits of excitation elements, transformer tap position control means connected to the said loadflow computation model means and to the tap changing elements of the controllable transformers for controlling the operation of the tap changing elements to adjust the turns ratios of transformers indicated by the said loadflow computation. model means with respect to the set of read online/specified/set controlled network variables/parameters including limits of the tap-changing elements.
5. A system as defined in claim 4 wherein the power network includes a plurality of nodes each connected to at least one of: a reference generator; a rotating machine; and an electrical, load; and the said loadflow computation model means receives representations of selected values of the real, and reactive power flow from each machine and to each load, anal the model is operative for producing calculated values for the reactive power quantity to be produced or absorbed by each, machine.
6. A system as defined in claim 5 wherein the power network further has at least one transformer having an adjustable transformer turns ratio, and said means defining a loadflow computation model is further operative for producing a calculated value of the transformer transformation/turns ratio.
7. A system as defined in claim 4 wherein said machine control means are connected to said excitation element of each. machine for controlling the operation of the excitation element of each machine, and wherein sand transformer turns ratio control means are connected to said transformer tap changing element of each transformer for controlling the operation of the tap changing element of each transformer.
8 A method for controlling generator and transformer voltages in an electrical power utility containing plurality of electromechanical rotating machines, transformers and electrical loads connected in a network, each machi:n.c having a reactive power characteristic and excitation element which is controllable for adjusting the reactive power generated or absorbed by the machine, and some of the transformers each having tap changing element which is controllable for adjusting turns ratio or alternatively terminal voltage of the transformer, said method comprising:
creating any of the said decoupled loadflow computation models of the network defined in claim-1, claim-2 and claim-3 for providing an indication of the transformer tap positions and the quantity of reactive power to be supplied by the generators in dependence on read online/specified/set controlled network variables/parameters, controlling the operation of the excitation elements of machines to produce or absorb the amount of reactive power, and controlling tap changing elements of transformers to control voltages of the connected nodes by transformer turns ratio indicated by any of the said decoupled loadflow computation models defined in claim-1, claim-2 and claim-3 with respect to the read online/specified/set controlled variable/parameters.
9. A method as defined in claim 8 wherein said step of controlling is carried out to control the excitation element of each machine, and to control the tap-changing element of each controllable transformer.
CA 2548096 2002-09-03 2003-08-29 Method of super super decoupled loadflow computation for electrical power system Expired - Lifetime CA2548096C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2400580 CA2400580A1 (en) 2002-09-03 2002-09-03 Systems of advanced super decoupled load-flow computation for electrical power system
PCT/CA2003/001312 WO2004023622A2 (en) 2002-09-03 2003-08-29 System of super super decoupled loadflow computation for electrical power system

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CA2548096C CA2548096C (en) 2011-07-05

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US (1) US7769497B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1661224A2 (en)
AU (1) AU2003260221B2 (en)
CA (2) CA2400580A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004023622A2 (en)

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AU2003260221A1 (en) 2004-03-29
AU2003260221A8 (en) 2004-03-29
CA2548096C (en) 2011-07-05
WO2004023622B1 (en) 2005-01-06
CA2400580A1 (en) 2004-03-03
US20080281474A1 (en) 2008-11-13
US7769497B2 (en) 2010-08-03
WO2004023622A8 (en) 2004-12-02
AU2003260221B2 (en) 2010-06-17
WO2004023622A3 (en) 2004-05-21
EP1661224A2 (en) 2006-05-31
WO2004023622A2 (en) 2004-03-18

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